CN114645832A - Air refrigeration storage and power generation method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

An air refrigeration storage and power generation method and a system thereof are provided, the air refrigeration storage and power generation method comprises the following power storage steps: s1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high-pressure state through a compression mechanism, and the high-pressure state air passing through a compression outlet of the compression mechanism cools the gas through a heat exchange mechanism; s2, discharging normal-temperature and high-pressure air from the outlet of the heat exchange mechanism, cooling the air in the heat exchanger of the high-pressure expansion machine, then expanding the air in the expansion mechanism to do work, and cooling the air to low temperature and low pressure; and S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the expansion mechanism is driven to enter the cold accumulator to store cold energy in the cold accumulation medium, and the normal-temperature air at the outlet of the cold accumulator is discharged to the atmospheric environment. The energy storage can be realized by air refrigeration effectively through the structure, and an energy storage method different from the prior art is provided.

Description

Air refrigeration storage and power generation method and system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump storage and energy storage and energy reuse, in particular to an air refrigeration storage and power generation method and a system thereof.

Background technique

At present, the existing power energy storage technologies include pumped water energy storage, compressed air energy storage, battery energy storage, superconducting magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage and super capacitors. However, the existing energy storage methods are relatively simple. Moreover, the above-mentioned power storage methods all have their own problems. For example, 1. The energy storage system of a pumped hydropower station requires special geographical conditions to build two reservoirs and dams, which have the problems of a long construction period and huge initial investment. Moreover, building large reservoirs can flood vegetation and even cities in large areas, causing ecological and immigration problems. 2. Common compressed air energy storage systems need to rely on burning fossil fuels to provide heat sources. On the one hand, they face the threat of gradual depletion of fossil fuels and rising prices. On the other hand, their combustion still produces pollutants such as nitrides, sulfides, and carbon dioxide, which do not meet the Green and renewable energy development requirements. 3. More advanced compressed air energy storage systems, such as Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System (AACAES), Ground Compressed Air Energy Storage System (SVCAES), Compressed Air Energy Storage System with Heat Recovery (AACAES) and Air Vapor Combined Research on circulating compressed air energy storage system (CASH). Although the compressed air energy storage system can basically avoid the burning of fossil fuels, the energy density of the compressed air energy storage system is still very low, and there is also the problem of requiring large gas storage chambers.

The purpose of this application is to solve the deficiencies of the existing electric energy storage technology and provide a new energy storage method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to provide an air-refrigerated storage and power generation method and a system thereof, so that energy storage can be realized by refrigerating air, being different from the existing electric energy storage technology. To this end, the present invention provides an air-refrigerated storage and power generation method, comprising the following power storage steps:

S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high-pressure state through the compression mechanism, and the high-pressure air passing through the compression outlet of the compression mechanism cools the gas through the heat exchange mechanism;

S2, the outlet of the heat exchange mechanism discharges the normal temperature and high pressure air into the high pressure expander heat exchanger to cool down and enters the expansion mechanism to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure;

S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the expansion mechanism is driven into the regenerator to store cold energy in the cold storage medium, and the normal temperature air at the outlet of the regenerator is discharged into the atmospheric environment.

Optionally, in step S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high-pressure state through the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor in sequence; the high-pressure air passing through the compression outlets of the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor respectively passing through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to cool the gas; and/or,

In step S1, after the normal temperature and high pressure air enters the high pressure expander heat exchanger to cool down, the first expander expands to perform work, and the medium pressure, medium and low temperature air discharged from the first expander outlet enters the hot side of the low pressure expander heat exchanger, The medium-pressure medium-low temperature air enters the second expander to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure.

Optionally, in step S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the second expander is divided into two paths; the other path of low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the second expander enters the heat exchanger of the low-pressure expander. On the cold side, the temperature of the fluid at the cold side outlet of the low pressure expander heat exchanger increases, and the fluid at the cold side outlet of the high pressure expander heat exchanger is discharged into the atmospheric environment.

Optionally, the low temperature side of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a cooling liquid circuit;

The cooling liquid circuit includes: a cooling tower, a pump body, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger arranged in parallel with each other, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger discharge After the heated cooling liquid is cooled to normal temperature by the cooling tower, it is driven by the pump body to enter the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger and re-enter the circulation.

Optionally, the air-refrigerated storage and power generation method includes the following steps of releasing energy:

S1, the normal temperature and high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger enters the energy releasing expander to expand and do work, and the energy releasing expander is transmitted to the energy releasing compressor through the rotating shaft and drives the generator to generate electricity;

S2, the low-pressure gas at the outlet of the energy-releasing expander enters the regenerator, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the regenerator enters the energy-releasing compressor to be compressed to a high-pressure state; the high-pressure gas enters the energy-releasing heat exchange On the low temperature side of the heat exchanger, the high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger re-enters the circulation.

Optionally, the high temperature side of the energy releasing heat exchanger is a cooling liquid circuit; the cooling liquid circuit includes: a cooling tower, a pump body and an energy releasing heat exchanger;

After the cooling liquid discharged from the energy releasing heat exchanger is cooled to normal temperature by the cooling tower 12, it is driven by the pump body to enter the high temperature side inlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger and re-enters the circulation.

Air-cooled storage and power generation systems, including:

The air refrigeration storage circuit includes a compression mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a high-pressure expander heat exchanger, and a first expander, a second expander, and a regenerator, which are connected in sequence.

Optionally, the air refrigeration storage circuit further includes: a motor for driving the compression mechanism, and a drying dehumidifier disposed at the inlet of the compression mechanism to remove moisture from the air; and/or,

The compression mechanism is a multi-stage compression mechanism, including: a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor; and/or,

The expansion mechanism is a multi-stage expansion mechanism, including: a first expander and a second expander.

Optionally, the air refrigeration storage and power generation system further includes: a cold energy power generation circuit, including: an energy releasing compressor, an energy releasing expander, a generator, a regenerator and an energy releasing heat exchanger.

The technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method provided by the present invention includes the following power storage steps: S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high-pressure state through a compression mechanism, and the high-pressure state air passing through the compression outlet of the compression mechanism is changed. The heat mechanism cools the gas; S2, the outlet of the heat exchange mechanism discharges normal temperature and high pressure air into the high pressure expander heat exchanger to cool down and enters the expansion mechanism to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure; S3, the low temperature at the outlet position of the expansion mechanism The low-pressure gas is driven into the regenerator to store the cold energy in the regenerator medium, and the normal temperature air at the outlet of the regenerator is discharged into the atmospheric environment.

In the present invention, through the cooperation of the compression mechanism, the expansion mechanism and the regenerator, the energy storage by refrigerating the air can be effectively realized. Moreover, the air-refrigerated energy storage also has the advantages of convenient material acquisition and low use cost.

2. In the air refrigeration storage and power generation method provided by the present invention, in step S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high pressure state through the low pressure compressor and the high pressure compressor in sequence; The high-pressure air at the compression outlet of the machine passes through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, respectively, to cool the gas; and/or,

In step S1, after the normal temperature and high pressure air enters the high pressure expander heat exchanger to cool down, the first expander expands to perform work, and the medium pressure, medium and low temperature air discharged from the first expander outlet enters the hot side of the low pressure expander heat exchanger, The medium-pressure medium-low temperature air enters the second expander to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure.

In the present invention, more energy can be generated by the above-mentioned multi-stage compressor and multi-stage expander, thereby effectively increasing the energy storage efficiency of air refrigeration storage.

3. In the air refrigeration storage and power generation method provided by the present invention, in step S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the second expander is divided into two paths; the other path of low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the second expander enters. On the cold side of the low pressure expander heat exchanger, the temperature of the fluid at the cold side outlet of the low pressure expander heat exchanger increases, and the fluid at the cold side outlet of the high pressure expander heat exchanger is discharged into the atmosphere.

In the present invention, the low temperature and low pressure gas is divided into two paths, and one path is used for expansion work. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas of the other route enters the cold side of the low-pressure expander heat exchanger, and is used to cool the medium flowing into the inlet of the low-pressure expander heat exchanger. The above structure can effectively apply the low-temperature and low-pressure gas medium to the entire air-refrigerated storage and power generation system, thereby improving the air-refrigerated storage efficiency.

4. In the air refrigeration storage and power generation method provided by the present invention, the low temperature side of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a cooling liquid circuit; the cooling liquid circuit comprises: a cooling tower, a pump body, and The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel with each other. After the heating cooling liquid discharged from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is cooled to normal temperature by the cooling tower, Driven by the pump to enter the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger to re-enter the cycle.

In the present invention, the cooling liquid passing through the heat exchanger can be rapidly and effectively cooled by the above cooling liquid circuit, so that the cooling liquid enters the energy storage cycle again.

5. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method provided by the present invention includes the following energy release steps: S1, the normal temperature and high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy release heat exchanger enters the energy release expander to expand and perform work, and the energy release expander is transmitted to the energy release expander through the rotating shaft. energy compressor and drive the generator to generate electricity; S2, the low-pressure gas at the outlet of the energy-releasing expander enters the regenerator, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the regenerator enters the energy-releasing compressor to be compressed to a high-pressure state; high-pressure state The gas enters the low temperature side of the energy release heat exchanger, and the high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy release heat exchanger re-enters the circulation.

With the above structure, the cold energy stored in the regenerator can be efficiently converted into electrical energy.

6. The air refrigeration storage and power generation system provided by the present invention includes: an air refrigeration storage circuit, including sequentially connected: a compression mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a high-pressure expander heat exchanger, and a first expander, a second expander and Regenerator; cold energy power generation circuit, including: energy releasing compressor, energy releasing expander, generator, as well as regenerator and energy releasing heat exchanger.

The air refrigeration storage circuit further includes: a motor for driving the compression mechanism, and a drying dehumidifier arranged at the inlet of the compression mechanism to remove moisture in the air; the compression mechanism is a multi-stage compression mechanism, including: A low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor; the expansion mechanism is a multi-stage expansion mechanism, including: a first expander and a second expander. In the present invention, energy storage can be realized by refrigerating the air through the above-mentioned air refrigeration storage and power generation system, which effectively expands the existing energy storage method. In addition, the air-cooled energy storage also has the advantages of convenient material acquisition and low use cost.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air refrigeration storage and power generation system provided by the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

1-motor; 2-low pressure compressor; 3-high pressure compressor; 4-first expander; 5-second expander; 6-drying dehumidifier; 7-first heat exchanger; 8-second heat exchange 9-high pressure expander heat exchanger; 10-low pressure expander heat exchanger; 12-cooling tower; 13-pump body; 14-regenerator; 15-generator; 16-energy release expander; 17-release Energy compressor; 18-energy release heat exchanger; 19 to 27-valve.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

An air refrigeration storage and power generation method is recorded, and the specific use method is as follows:

During the energy storage process, valve 23, valve 25, valve 27, and valve 21 are closed, and valve 24, valve 26, valve 19, valve 22, and valve 20 are opened.

The fluid flow of the air refrigeration storage circuit is shown in Figure 1. The motor 1 is started to drive the compressor to work. After the air in the environment passes through the drying and dehumidifier 6 to remove moisture, the air passes through the low-pressure compressor 2 and the high-pressure compressor 3 to a high-pressure state. The air at the compressed outlet of the low-pressure compressor 2 and the high-pressure compressor 3 passes through the first heat exchanger 7 and the second heat exchanger 8 to cool the gas. The normal temperature and high pressure air at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 8 enters the hot side of the high pressure expander heat exchanger 9 to cool down and then enters the first expander 4 to do work for expansion, and the medium pressure, medium and low temperature air at the outlet of the first expander 4 enters the low pressure expander heat exchanger The temperature of the hot side of 10 is further reduced, and enters the second expander 5 to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to a low-temperature and low-pressure state; The temperature of the fluid at the cold side outlet of the low pressure expander heat exchanger 10 rises, and the fluid enters the high pressure expander heat exchanger 9 cold side outlet after the fluid rises and is discharged into the atmospheric environment; the second expander 5. Another part of the low temperature and low pressure gas at the outlet enters the regenerator 14 to store the cold energy in the cold storage medium, and the normal temperature air at the outlet of the regenerator 14 is discharged to the atmosphere through the valve 22.

In this embodiment, the low temperature side of the first heat exchanger 7 and the second heat exchanger 8 is a cooling liquid circuit, and the cooling liquid circuit consists of the cooling tower 12, the pump body 13 and the parallel first heat exchanger 7 and the second heat exchanger 7. The heat exchanger 8 is formed. The heated cooling water discharged from the first heat exchanger 7 and the second heat exchanger 8 is cooled to the normal temperature state through the cooling tower 12 , and then the cooling water in the normal temperature state continues to circulate through the pump body 13 .

During the energy release process, close the valves 24, 26, 19, 22, 20, and open the valves 23, 25, 27, 21.

The cold energy power generation circuit is shown in FIG. 1 , and a closed power generation circuit is formed by the energy releasing compressor 17 , the energy releasing expander 16 , the regenerator 14 and the energy releasing heat exchanger 18 . The normal temperature and high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger 18 in the circuit enters the energy releasing expander 16, and part of the work generated by the expansion is sent to the energy releasing compressor 17 through the shaft, and another part of the work generated by the energy releasing expander 16 is driven by the expansion work. The generator 15 generates electricity. The low-pressure gas at the outlet of the energy-releasing expander 16 enters the regenerator 14, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the regenerator 14 enters the energy-releasing compressor 17 and is compressed to a high-pressure state, and then the gas enters the low-temperature side of the energy-releasing heat exchanger 18, and is then released. The high pressure gas exiting the heat exchanger 18 re-enters the cycle.

The high temperature side of the energy releasing heat exchanger 18 is the cooling liquid circuit, and the cooling liquid circuit is composed of the cooling tower 12, the pump body 13 and the energy releasing heat exchanger 18. The cooling water discharged from the energy releasing heat exchanger 18 passes through the cooling tower 12. Cool to normal temperature, and then enter the circulation again through the pump body 13 .

Air-cooled storage and power generation systems, including:

The air refrigeration storage circuit includes a compression mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a high pressure expander heat exchanger 9 , a first expander 4 , a second expander 5 and a regenerator 14 , which are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned air refrigeration storage circuit further includes: a motor 1 for driving the compression mechanism, and a drying dehumidifier 6 arranged at the inlet of the compression mechanism to remove moisture in the air; the compression mechanism is The multi-stage compression mechanism includes: a low-pressure compressor 2 and a high-pressure compressor 3 ; the expansion mechanism is a multi-stage expansion mechanism, including: a first expander 4 and a second expander 5 .

The cold energy power generation circuit includes: an energy releasing compressor 17 , an energy releasing expander 16 , a generator 15 , a regenerator 14 and an energy releasing heat exchanger 18 .

Of course, this embodiment does not specifically limit whether the air refrigeration storage system is provided with an energy releasing structure. In other embodiments, the air refrigeration storage system only includes an energy storage mechanism.

Of course, this embodiment does not specifically limit the number of compressor units constituting the compression mechanism. In other embodiments, the number of compressors constituting the compression mechanism may be more than three.

Of course, this embodiment does not specifically limit the number of expander units constituting the expansion mechanism. In other embodiments, the number of expanders constituting the expansion mechanism may be more than three.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation manner. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. And the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an air refrigeration storage and power generation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following electricity storage steps: S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high-pressure state through the compression mechanism, and the high-pressure air passing through the compression outlet of the compression mechanism cools the gas through the heat exchange mechanism; S2, the outlet of the heat exchange mechanism discharges the normal temperature and high pressure air into the high pressure expander heat exchanger (9) after cooling and enters the expansion mechanism to expand and do work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure; S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the expansion mechanism is driven into the regenerator (14) to store cold energy in the cold storage medium, and the normal temperature air at the outlet of the regenerator (14) is discharged into the atmospheric environment. 2. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S1, the air in the environment is driven to be compressed to a high pressure sequentially through a low pressure compressor (2) and a high pressure compressor (3) state; the high-pressure state air passing through the compression outlets of the low-pressure compressor (2) and the high-pressure compressor (3) passes through the first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8), respectively, to convert the gas cooling; and/or, In step S1, after the normal temperature and high pressure air enters the high pressure expander heat exchanger (9) to cool down, the first expander (4) expands to perform work, and the medium pressure, medium and low temperature air discharged from the outlet of the first expander (4) enters the low pressure On the hot side of the expander heat exchanger (10), the medium-pressure medium-low temperature air enters the second expander (5) to expand and perform work, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure. 3. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S3, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the second expander (5) is divided into two paths; Another low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the machine (5) enters the cold side of the low-pressure expander heat exchanger (10), and the temperature of the outlet fluid at the cold side of the low-pressure expander heat exchanger (10) increases, and the high pressure The fluid at the outlet of the cold side of the expander heat exchanger (9) is discharged to the atmosphere. 4. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method according to claim 2, wherein the low temperature side of the first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8) is a cooling liquid circuit; The cooling liquid circuit comprises: a cooling tower (12), a pump body (13), and the first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8) arranged in parallel with each other, the first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8). After the heating cooling liquid discharged from the heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (8) is cooled to normal temperature by the cooling tower (12), it is driven by the pump body (13) to enter the first heat exchange The heat exchanger (7) and/or the second heat exchanger (8) re-enter the cycle. 5. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, comprising the following energy release steps: S1, the normal temperature and high pressure gas at the outlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger (18) enters the energy releasing expander (16) to expand and do work, and the energy releasing expander (16) is transmitted to the energy releasing compressor (17) through the rotating shaft and drives the generator (15) Power generation; S2, the low-pressure gas at the outlet of the energy releasing expander (16) enters the regenerator (14), and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas at the outlet of the regenerator (14) enters the energy releasing compressor (17) and is compressed to a high pressure state ; The gas in the high pressure state enters the low temperature side of the energy releasing heat exchanger (18), and the high pressure gas at the outlet position of the low temperature side of the energy releasing heat exchanger (18) re-enters the circulation. 6. The air refrigeration storage and power generation method according to claim 5, wherein the high temperature side of the energy releasing heat exchanger (18) is a cooling liquid circuit; the cooling liquid circuit comprises: a cooling tower (12) , pump body (13) and energy releasing heat exchanger (18); After the cooling liquid discharged from the energy releasing heat exchanger (18) is cooled to normal temperature by the cooling tower (12), it is driven by the pump body (13) to enter the high temperature side inlet of the energy releasing heat exchanger (18) for reflow. Enter the loop. 7. An air-refrigerated storage and power generation system applying any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The air refrigeration storage circuit includes a compression mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a high pressure expander heat exchanger (9), a first expander (4), a second expander (5) and a regenerator (14) connected in sequence. 8. The air refrigeration storage and power generation system according to claim 7, wherein the air refrigeration storage circuit further comprises: an electric motor (1) for driving the compression mechanism, and a motor (1) arranged at the inlet of the compression mechanism a drying dehumidifier (6) positioned to remove moisture from the air; and/or, The compression mechanism is a multi-stage compression mechanism, comprising: a low-pressure compressor (2) and a high-pressure compressor (3); and/or, The expansion mechanism is a multi-stage expansion mechanism, comprising: a first expander (4) and a second expander (5). 9. The air refrigeration storage and power generation system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, further comprising: The cold energy power generation circuit includes: an energy releasing compressor (17), an energy releasing expander (16), a generator (15), a regenerator (14) and an energy releasing heat exchanger (18).

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