CN114645528A - Artificial shellfish-algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coastal ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an artificial shellfish algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and application thereof, wherein the artificial shellfish algae reef protection system comprises a shellfish algae reef group, the shellfish algae reef group comprises a plurality of shellfish algae reef monomers arranged in rows at intervals, any row of the plurality of shellfish algae reef monomers is attached to one another, and the shellfish algae reef group is water-permeable and is used for coastal protection; the algal reef comprises a bedding layer, a plurality of algal reef monomers and a bedding layer, wherein the algal reef monomers are placed on the top surface of the bedding layer; the fixing device is used for limiting the plurality of algal reef monomers on the top surface of the bedding layer of the foundation bed; the ecological culture medium comprises a biological habitat, wherein the biological habitat is arranged on the side edges of a plurality of shellfish algal reef monomers arranged in rows and is used for cultivating marine economic crops. The invention can slow down coast erosion, protect natural or artificial sand beach, maintain stable shoreline, and simultaneously, the culture areas of marine plants, shellfish, fishes and the like are arranged in the shellfish reef body, thereby improving the quality of marine environment and creating certain economic benefit.

Description

Artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and its application

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of coastal ecological restoration, and in particular relates to an artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and its application.

Background technique

my country has a long coastline, and the coastal zone plays the role of protecting the shore from waves and reducing the tide. It is also an excellent place for marine life to breed and inhabit. Coastal areas are highly urbanized and economically developed, and economic development is highly dependent on coastal resources and environment. With the acceleration of urban industrialization and the continuous expansion of urban construction, human fishery activities, garbage pollution, waste water discharge, and illegal sand mining on beaches, the beaches have been degraded, many beautiful beaches in the past have disappeared, and the coastal ecosystem has become more Health and balance are being seriously challenged, coastal ecosystems are becoming increasingly fragile, near-shore marine habitats are lost, and biodiversity is destroyed. Coupled with the frequent attacks of severe weather such as storm surge and typhoon, the revetment project has been damaged and the coastline has been eroded, reducing the overall ability to resist storm surge disasters.

In the past, the common protection method was to set up physical structures of coastal engineering such as spur dams, revetments, and offshore embankments in front of the shore. Although these buildings are simple in construction, low in cost and long in service life, they are impermeable structures, which greatly affect local water bodies. The exchange hinders the development of marine organisms and will further aggravate the deterioration of the marine ecological environment. Therefore, the national environmental protection department has issued relevant marine ecological red line guidelines and marine ecological protection regulations, prohibiting the use of such impervious structures, and encouraging permeable and ecological protection measures. The invention provides an artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and its application, which are used for slowing coastal erosion, protecting natural or artificial beaches, maintaining coastline stability, and at the same time arranging marine plants, shellfish and Fish and other breeding areas can improve the quality of the marine environment and create certain economic benefits.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration and its application, so as to solve the above problems, achieve the purpose of protecting the coast and improving the quality of the marine environment.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: an artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration, including a shellfish algae reef group, and the shellfish algae reef group includes a number of shellfish reef monomers arranged in rows and intervals, any A row of several adjacent shell algae reef monomers are fitted together, and the shell algae reef group is set to be permeable and used for coastal protection;

a base mattress layer, a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers are placed on the top surface of the base mattress layer;

a stabilizing device, through which a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers are limited to the top surface of the base mattress layer;

A biological habitat area, the biological habitat area is arranged on the side of a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers arranged in a row, and the biological habitat area is used for cultivating marine economic crops.

Preferably, a working platform or a walkway is formed on the top of a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers, the shellfish reef monomer includes a base, a hollow reef body and a top plate, the bottom of the hollow reef body is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and the The bottom of the top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow reef body, a plurality of communication holes are opened on the circumferential side walls of the hollow reef body, and a plurality of the communication holes are communicated with the cavities in the hollow reef body. The top boards are fixedly connected by the stabilization device, and the base is limited to the top of the base mattress layer by the stabilization device.

Preferably, the base bed layer includes a base bed soil layer, a gravel cushion layer and a geotechnical pipe bag layer, the base bed soil layer is an existing seabed soil layer, and the top surface of the base bed soil layer is provided with Inverted trapezoidal groove, the gravel cushion is arranged and filled in the inverted trapezoidal groove and has the same height as the soil layer of the foundation bed, and the geotechnical pipe bag layer is placed on the top surface of the gravel cushion, Several of the shellfish reef monomers and the biological habitat area are respectively located on the top surface of the geotechnical tube bag layer, and the base is limited to the top of the geotechnical tube bag layer by the stabilization device.

Preferably, the stabilizing device includes several fixed pipe piles and several connecting anchor chains, the bottom ends of the several fixed pipe piles are vertically inserted into the soil layer of the foundation bed, and the top ends of the several fixed pipe piles pass through in sequence. Through the gravel cushion layer, the geotechnical pipe bag layer and the base, a number of prefabricated through holes are vertically opened on the top surface of the base, and the tops of the fixed pipe piles are located in the prefabricated through holes. The two ends of the connecting anchor chain are respectively fixedly connected between the adjacent top plates arranged at intervals.

Preferably, the biological habitat area includes a marine plant area, a seaweed reef culture area and a fish culture area, and the fish culture area is arranged between a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers arranged in adjacent rows, The marine plant area is arranged on the side of a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers located at the edge away from the fish culture area, and the seaweed reef culture area is arranged in the space of a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers. In the cavity, the shellfish reef cultivation area is used for cultivating shellfish cash crops.

Preferably, a first fixing frame is arranged in the marine plant area, and the first fixing frame is fixedly connected to the side of the shellfish reef unit by a rope; a second fixing frame is arranged in the fish breeding area. A fixed frame, the second fixed frame is fixedly connected between a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers arranged in adjacent rows through the ropes.

Preferably, the water facing surface of the hollow reef body is set as an arc surface.

Preferably, the shellfish reef monomer is made of reinforced concrete, and the base and the top plate are respectively prefabricated concrete plates.

The application of artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration, which is applied on the coast and is located on one side of the coastline;

The layout forms of the artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration are along the shore, vertical shore, arc and segment.

The invention has the following technical effects: a plurality of shellfish reef monomers are connected in one row or multiple rows to form a shellfish algae reef group, which is used for coastal protection, and is arranged in a permeable type that is beneficial to the inner and outer sides of the shellfish algae reef protection structure. There is sufficient water exchange between them to form a dynamic environment, which is conducive to the requirements of marine ecological and environmental protection; the main function of the base mattress layer is to provide a support structure for the shellfish reef group and biological habitat to avoid subsidence; the main function of the stabilization device is The function is to limit the shellfish reef group and the biological habitat area to the base mattress layer to avoid breaking away from the base mattress layer under the continuous impact of seawater, which can ensure the stability of the overall structural system; the biological habitat area is used for breeding marine economic crops ; In extreme weather, the shellfish reefs and the plants in the habitat area can play a certain buffering role in resisting wind and waves, and the shellfish reefs and habitats can also play a role in the restoration of offshore marine habitats and marine pastures. function, create a good environment for marine life to inhabit, and greatly improve marine economic and ecological benefits.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the artificial shell algae reef protection system of the present invention in the direction of the front view;

Fig. 2 is the plane structure diagram of artificial shell algae reef protection system of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shellfish reef monomer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's relative shoreline parallel shore type artificial shell algae reef protection system;

5 is a schematic diagram of a vertical artificial shell algae reef protection system relative to the shoreline of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the artificial shell algae reef protection system in the form of an arc relative to the shoreline of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the relative shoreline segmented artificial shellfish reef protection system of the present invention;

Among them, 1. Shellfish reef monomer; 11. Base; 12. Hollow reef body; 13. Roof; 14. Connecting holes; 2. Foundation mattress layer; 21. Foundation bed soil layer; 23. Geotechnical pipe bag layer; 3. Stabilizing device; 31. Fixed pipe pile; 32. Connecting anchor chain; 4. Biological habitat area; 41. Marine plant area; Area; 5. Prefabricated through holes; 6. Inverted trapezoidal groove; 7. The first fixed frame; 8. The second fixed frame; Artificial shell algae reef protection system; 120. Arc-shaped artificial shell algae reef protection system; 130. Segmented artificial shell algae reef protection system.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

1-7, the present invention provides an artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration, including

The shell-like algae reef group, the shell-like algae reef group includes several shell-algae reef monomers 1 arranged at intervals in a row, and a plurality of adjacent shell-algae reef monomers 1 in any row are arranged to fit together, and the shell-like algae reef group is set as Permeable and used for coastal protection;

The base mattress layer 2, several shellfish reef monomers 1 are placed on the top surface of the base mattress layer 2;

Stabilizing device 3, a plurality of shellfish reef monomers 1 are limited to the top surface of the base mattress layer 2 by the stabilizing device 3;

Biological habitat area 4, the biological habitat area 4 is arranged on the side of several shellfish reef monomers 1 arranged in a row, and the biological habitat area 4 is used for cultivating marine economic crops.

Several shellfish reef monomers 1 are connected in one or more rows to form a shellfish algae reef group, which is used for coastal protection. The setting of the permeable type is conducive to sufficient water bodies between the inner and outer sides of the shellfish algae reef protection structure. exchange, form a dynamic environment, and contribute to marine ecological and environmental protection requirements; the main function of the base mattress layer 2 is to provide a support structure for the shellfish reef group and the biological habitat area 4 to avoid sinking; the main function of the stabilization device 3 is to The shellfish reef group and the biological habitat area 4 are limited to the base mattress layer 2 to avoid being separated from the base mattress layer 2 under the continuous impact of seawater, which can ensure the stability of the overall structural system; the biological habitat area 4 is used for aquaculture marine economy Crops; in extreme weather, the plants in the algae reef group and habitat area 4 can play a certain buffering role in resisting wind and waves, and the algae reef group and biological habitat area 4 can also play a role in the restoration and restoration of offshore marine life habitats. The function of marine pastures creates a good environment for marine life to inhabit, and greatly improves marine economic and ecological benefits.

To further optimize the scheme, a working platform or a walkway is formed on the top of several shellfish reef units 1, and the shellfish reef unit 1 includes a base 11, a hollow reef body 12 and a top plate 13, and the bottom of the hollow reef body 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 11, and the top plate 13 The bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow reef body 12, a plurality of communication holes 14 are opened on the circumferential side wall of the hollow reef body 12, and the plurality of communication holes 14 are communicated with the cavity in the hollow reef body 12. The two are fixedly connected by the stabilizing device 3 , and the base 11 is limited to the top of the base mattress layer 2 by the stabilizing device 3 .

The base 11 is the bottom structure of the shellfish reef unit 1, which is flat plate and serves as the foundation of the whole structure; the hollow reef body 12 is the most important part of the shellfish reef body, occupying most of its volume space, and is hollow concrete inside The structure is a hexahedron structure, with communication holes 14 opened on 4 surfaces in the horizontal direction to communicate with the outside, the upper and lower surfaces are solid panels, the hollow reef body 12 is placed on the base 11, and is connected to the base 11 by welding The top plate 13 is a flat plate structure, placed above the hollow reef body 12, to connect and fix the hollow reef body 12, and to serve as a working platform and a walkway above the shellfish reef unit 1. ; In the project, several shellfish reef monomers 1 are connected in one row or multiple rows to form a shellfish algae reef group for coastal protection.

In addition, the hollow reef body 12 has a hexahedral structure, and the cross-section can be in the form of a curved surface or a trapezoid, which is selected according to the wave conditions and functional requirements during design, and a circular or square opening is provided in the middle part of each surface for transparent Flow, breakout.

To further optimize the plan, the base mattress layer 2 includes a base bed soil layer 21, a gravel cushion layer 22 and a geotechnical pipe bag layer 23, the base bed soil layer 21 is the existing seabed soil layer, and the top surface of the base bed soil layer 21 is opened There is an inverted trapezoidal groove 6, the gravel cushion layer 22 is arranged and filled in the inverted trapezoidal groove 6 and has the same height as the foundation bed soil layer 21, the geotechnical pipe bag layer 23 is placed on the top surface of the gravel cushion layer 22, and some shellfish The reef unit 1 and the habitat area 4 are respectively located on the top surface of the geotextile bag layer 23 , and the base 11 is limited to the top of the geotechnical pipe bag layer 23 by the stabilization device 3 .

The subgrade soil layer 21 is the existing seabed soil layer. After surface dredging treatment, the soft soil is removed to form an inverted trapezoidal groove 6; The surface of the existing seabed is flat to enhance the bearing capacity of the foundation; the geotextile bag layer 23 is laid on the gravel cushion 22, and a tubular cloth bag is made of geotextile, and the interior is filled with fine sand, and a plurality of geotextile pipe belts are arranged in parallel. open, cover the gravel cushion 22, and form a plane as a whole.

The solution is further optimized. The stabilization device 3 includes several fixed pipe piles 31 and several connecting anchor chains 32. The bottom ends of the several fixed pipe piles 31 are vertically inserted into the foundation soil layer 21, and the tops of the several fixed pipe piles 31 pass through in sequence. The crushed stone cushion layer 22, the geotextile bag layer 23 and the base 11, the top surface of the base 11 is vertically provided with a number of prefabricated through holes 5, and the tops of the fixed pipe piles 31 are located in the prefabricated through holes 5, connecting the two parts of the anchor chain 32. The ends are respectively fixedly connected between the adjacent top plates 13 arranged at intervals.

The fixed pipe pile 31 passes through the prefabricated through hole 5 in the base 11 of the algae reef, passes through the geotechnical pipe bag layer 23 and the gravel cushion layer 22 in sequence, and then penetrates deep into the subgrade soil layer 21 to prevent the algae reef The function of the horizontal sliding of the monomer 1; an embedded connection ring is reserved on the edge of the top plate 13 for connecting the shellfish reef monomers 1 arranged at intervals through the connecting anchor chain 32, and the connecting anchor chain 32 is used for connecting the shellfish reef. The top plate 13 between the cells 1 plays the role of increasing the overall stability of the system.

To further optimize the scheme, the biological habitat area 4 includes a marine plant area 41, a shellfish reef culture area 42 and a fish culture area 43, and the fish culture area 43 is arranged between several shellfish reef monomers 1 arranged in adjacent rows. , the marine plant area 41 is arranged on the side of several shellfish reef monomers 1 located at the edge away from the fish culture area 43, the shellfish reef culture area 42 is arranged in the cavity of several shellfish reef monomers 1, The algal reef aquaculture area 42 is used for the cultivation of shellfish commercial crops.

The marine plant areas 41 are mainly distributed on both sides of the shellfish reef monomer 1, and are arranged on the extended geotechnical tube bag layers 23 on both sides to cultivate marine economic plants such as seaweed; the shellfish reef cultivation area 42 is mainly located in Within the hollow reef body of the shellfish reef, it is mainly used for cultivating shellfish and other economic crops. The fish breeding area 43 is located between the double-row shellfish reef monomer 1, and is mainly used for cultivating fish economic crops. Various fish culture cages, protected by shellfish reefs on both sides.

To further optimize the plan, the marine plant area 41 is provided with a first fixed frame 7, and the first fixed frame 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the shellfish reef unit 1 by ropes; the fish culture area 43 is provided with a second fixed frame 8, the second fixed frame 8 is fixedly connected between several shellfish reef monomers 1 arranged in adjacent rows by ropes; the first fixed frame 7 is a frame made of some steel bars or bamboo; the second fixed frame 8 is a steel bar It is composed of flexible mesh materials such as frame cages and coat nets.

The marine plant area 41 is located on the outer side of the shellfish reef group, and is mainly composed of some steel bars or bamboo frames, which are convenient for the growth of marine plants. On the algae reef unit 1; the shellfish reef aquaculture area 42 is located within the hollow reef body 12 of the shellfish reef unit 1, mainly by sowing shellfish larvae to make it lodge in the hollow reef body 12, sometimes shellfish It will also be active in other parts of the shellfish reef unit 1, but will not leave the shellfish reef unit 1; the fish farming area 43 is located between the two rows of 1 is protected, the second fixed frame 8 is placed on the geotechnical tube bag layer 23, and the fish can freely swim and grow in the net.

To further optimize the solution, the water-facing surface of the hollow reef body 12 is set as an arc surface.

This setting helps to reduce the external load on the algae reef unit 1. Using the deflecting effect of the arc surface, the impact of the waves can be weakened to the greatest extent, and the wave elimination effect is good. At the same time, the arc surface can be better than the vertical surface and the inclined surface In addition, the communication holes 14 opened on the surface of the shellfish reef unit 1 can also reduce the wave impact force on the shellfish reef unit.

To further optimize the plan, the shellfish reef monomer 1 is made of reinforced concrete, and the base 11 and the top plate 13 are respectively prefabricated concrete plates. In this way, the structure is firm and strong, and can be made into various shapes and sizes, which is convenient for the construction of the overall structure, and also facilitates the attachment and growth of shellfish and algae, which can increase the species of organisms in the waters and increase the biomass rapidly; And the width is large, which needs to be designed through load. During the design, the fixed pipe piles 31 are reserved on the base 11 so that the fixed pipe piles 31 can pass through and go deep into the seabed.

The top plate 13 is a prefabricated concrete plate, which is mainly used for connection and fixation, and bears the load of the construction and breeding activities of the upper personnel in the future. Therefore, the design thickness and width are smaller than those of the base 11, which can meet the requirements of reinforced concrete structure reinforcement.

The application of artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration, which is applied on the coast and is located on one side of the coastline;

The layout forms of the artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration are along the shore, vertical shore, arc and segment. Among them, the shoreline type is the most basic layout form, which can be applied to most shoreline conditions to meet the basic needs of ecological restoration and coastal protection functions; the vertical shoreline type is similar in function to spur dams, which can block flow and promote siltation. It is suitable for coasts with strong coastal currents, and artificial beaches can be arranged between two rows of artificial algae reefs with vertical shorelines to protect artificial beaches; It is arranged within the ecological red line of the coast, while conventional solid spur dams cannot be arranged within the ecological red line; in the form of an arc, artificial beaches can be laid on the coast of its sheltered area, and the sea area surrounded by arc-shaped shellfish reefs can be used as artificial seawater Bathing beach, to maintain the internal water surface calm, this form is suitable for the situation of setting up artificial beach and sea bathing beach at the same time; the segmented layout form can promote the natural deposition of overseas sediment on the shoreline behind the algae reef, so this situation is usually not set The artificial beach uses natural sedimentation to form the beach. At the same time, this form is suitable for the coast where the wave direction changes greatly throughout the year.

On the whole, (1) the permeable coastal protection system meets the latest marine ecological and environmental protection requirements

The shellfish reef monomer 1 adopts a hollow cavity structure, and the four sides are open and permeable in the horizontal aspect, which can ensure good water permeability, so that there is sufficient water exchange between the inner side and the outer side of the shellfish reef protection structure; After the algae reef is put in, upwelling, accelerated flow, stagnant flow and other flow regimes will be formed around and inside the algae reef, which can disturb the bottom and near-bottom water bodies, improve the vertical exchange efficiency between each water layer, and form ideal nutrients The salt transport environment provides abundant nutrients for the algae attached to the reef surface and the plankton in the ocean surface water, which meets the current marine ecological and environmental protection requirements for marine structures. The coastal protection system composed of shellfish reefs has more openings on the surface. Compared with the straight wall structure, it can reduce more wave energy, play a better wave protection effect, and reduce the erosion of waves on the beach.

(2) Multiple structural stability design, strong ability to resist extreme weather

The invention adopts a variety of measures to reduce the external load on the shellfish reef monomer. First, the water-facing surface of the artificial shellfish reef monomer is designed as an arc surface, and the wave effect of the arc surface can be used to minimize the impact of waves and reduce the wave effect. it is good. In addition, the surface of the shellfish reef unit 1 is provided with a communication hole 14 to reduce the wave impact force on the shellfish reef unit 1 . In the design of the stabilization device, fixed pipe piles 31 are used to fix the base 11 of the shellfish reef monomer 1, and go deep into the subgrade soil layer 21, so that the shellfish reef group has good slip resistance, and the anchor chain is connected. The setting of 32 further increases the integrity of the shellfish reef group, which can well resist extreme weather such as typhoons. In addition, the algae plants growing on both sides of the shellfish reef group can also play a certain buffering role in resisting wind and waves.

(3) Enrich marine biodiversity and improve marine ecological environment

Shellfish reefs play the functions of offshore marine habitat restoration and marine pastures, creating a good environment for marine life to inhabit, and providing marine plants, shellfish, fish and other places for reproduction, growth, feeding and sheltering enemies; reefs The exposed surface gradually absorbs organisms and sediments, and begins the succession process of the biological community; the growth of algae on both sides can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide and nutrients and release oxygen, which plays a role in purifying the water environment. The bait of many herbivorous animals; the setting of shellfish reefs has built a good place for fish to survive and shelter, which can be used as a temporary stop or long-term habitat for fish, which greatly improves marine economic and ecological benefits.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "portrait", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It is implied that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred modes of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration is characterized in that: comprising: A shellfish algae reef group, the shellfish algae reef group comprising a plurality of shellfish reef monomers (1) arranged in a row at intervals, and a plurality of adjacent algae reef monomers (1) in any row are arranged to fit together , the shellfish reef group is set to be permeable and used for coastal protection; a base mattress layer (2), a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) are placed on the top surface of the base mattress layer (2); A stabilization device (3), a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) are limited to the top surface of the base mattress layer (2) by the stabilization device (3); A biological habitat area (4), the biological habitat area (4) is arranged on the side of a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) arranged in a row, and the biological habitat area (4) is used for cultivating marine economic crops. 2. The artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: a working platform or a walkway is formed on the top of a plurality of the shell alga reef monomers (1), and the shell alga reef monomer (1) forms a working platform or a walkway. ) comprises a base (11), a hollow reef body (12) and a top plate (13), the bottom of the hollow reef body (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (11), and the bottom of the top plate (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (11). On the top of the hollow reef body (12), a plurality of communication holes (14) are opened on the circumferential side wall of the hollow reef body (12), and the plurality of communication holes (14) are connected to the interior of the hollow reef body (12). The cavities are connected, the top plates (13) arranged at intervals are fixedly connected by the stabilization device (3), and the base (11) is limited to the base mattress by the stabilization device (3). top of layer (2). 3. The artificial algae reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base mattress layer (2) comprises a base bed soil layer (21), a gravel cushion (22) and a geotechnical layer A pipe bag layer (23), the subgrade soil layer (21) is an existing seabed soil layer, an inverted trapezoidal groove (6) is opened on the top surface of the subgrade soil layer (21), and the crushed stone The cushion layer (22) is arranged and filled in the inverted trapezoidal groove (6) and has the same height as the foundation bed soil layer (21), and the geotechnical pipe bag layer (23) is placed on the gravel cushion layer ( 22), a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) and the biological habitat area (4) are respectively located on the top surface of the geotextile bag layer (23), and the base (11) passes through the The stabilization device (3) is limited to the top of the geotextile bag layer (23). 4. The artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that: the stabilization device (3) comprises a plurality of fixed pipe piles (31) and a plurality of connecting anchor chains (32), and a plurality of the The bottom ends of the fixed pipe piles (31) are inserted vertically in the soil layer (21) of the foundation bed, and the top ends of the fixed pipe piles (31) pass through the gravel cushion layer (22) and the soil layer in sequence. The pipe bag layer (23) and the base (11), a plurality of prefabricated through holes (5) are vertically opened on the top surface of the base (11), and the top ends of a plurality of the fixed pipe piles (31) are located in the plurality of prefabricated through holes (5). In the through hole (5), both ends of the connecting anchor chain (32) are respectively fixedly connected between the adjacent top plates (13) arranged at intervals. 5. The artificial shellfish reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 1, wherein the biological habitat area (4) comprises a marine plant area (41), a shellfish reef culture area (42) and fish aquaculture area (43), the fish culture area (43) is arranged between a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) arranged in adjacent rows, and the marine plant area (41) is arranged at A plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) on the side are away from the side of the fish culture area (43), and the shellfish reef culture area (42) is arranged on a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1). ), the shellfish reef cultivation area (42) is used for cultivating shellfish cash crops. 6. The artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first fixed frame (7) is provided in the marine plant area (41), and the first fixed frame ( 7) fixedly connected to the side of the shellfish reef monomer (1) by ropes; a second fixed frame (8) is provided in the fish breeding area (43), and the second fixed frame (8) The ropes are fixedly connected between a plurality of the shellfish reef monomers (1) arranged in adjacent rows. 7. The artificial algae reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 2, wherein the water-facing surface of the hollow reef body (12) is set as an arc surface. 8. The artificial shellfish reef protection system for coastal restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shellfish reef monomer (1) is made of reinforced concrete, and the base (11) and the top plate (13) ) are precast concrete slabs, respectively. 9. The application of the artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration, characterized in that any one of the artificial shell algae reef protection systems for coastal restoration described in claims 1-8 is applied to the coast, and is located on one side of the coastline ; The layout forms of the artificial shell algae reef protection system for coastal restoration are along the shore, vertical shore, arc and segment.

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