CN114639949A - Circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114639949A CN114639949A CN202210453471.2A CN202210453471A CN114639949A CN 114639949 A CN114639949 A CN 114639949A CN 202210453471 A CN202210453471 A CN 202210453471A CN 114639949 A CN114639949 A CN 114639949A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna. The method comprises the following steps: the antenna comprises a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator; the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, and the N radiating parts are arranged around the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4; any one of the N radiating parts includes
A vertical portion of the profile perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun so that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a converging manner; the inclined portion is a main radiation portion among the radiation portions. The vertical part perpendicular to the feed circuit board is arranged, energy can be radiated to the antenna in the low elevation angle direction, and the low elevation angle gain of the antenna is improved. The balance of the top gain and the low elevation gain is achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, and the radiation range of the antenna approaches to a hemisphere shape and is moreAnd the communication requirements are satisfied. The whole structure is simple, and engineering implementation is easier.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna.
Background
With the development of communication technology, the requirements for antennas are also higher and higher. The circularly polarized antenna has good anti-interference performance, so that the circularly polarized antenna is widely applied to various industries. When the paratrooper communicates with the ground station, in order to better track the movement track of the paratrooper, the antenna is required to have high vertex gain and high low elevation gain, and the vertex gain and the low elevation gain need to be balanced.
However, the existing circularly polarized antenna cannot achieve balance between the vertex gain and the low elevation gain, and the vertex gain is often too high, so that the wave beam of the antenna is narrow and cannot meet the communication requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a circularly polarized antenna which is used for realizing a wide wave beam.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circularly polarized antenna, including: the antenna comprises a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator;
the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, and the N radiating parts are arranged around the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4;
the feed balun is electrically connected with the feed circuit board; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiating body to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiation body is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiation body;
any one of the N radiating parts comprises
A vertical portion of a type perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun so that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined portion is a main radiation portion among the radiation portions.
The inclined part can radiate energy to the top of the antenna and the horizontal direction of the antenna, so that the inclined part is a main radiating body of the antenna and plays a role in determining the radiation range of the antenna. Part of the energy radiated from the inclined part is radiated to a feed circuit board of the antenna, and the energy radiated to the top of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board and is combined into one, so that the top gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna becomes a directional antenna in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, the vertical part perpendicular to the feed circuit board is arranged, energy can be radiated to the antenna in the low elevation angle direction, and the low elevation angle gain of the antenna is improved. Because the radiated energy is constant, the vertical part can achieve the balance of the vertex gain and the low elevation gain by properly weakening the vertex gain, broadens the wave beam of the antenna, enables the radiation range of the antenna to approach to a hemisphere shape, and meets the communication requirement better. The vertical part and the inclined part are cooperatively matched, so that the low elevation gain of the antenna is effectively improved, and the widening of the wave beam is realized. The whole structure is simple, and engineering implementation is easier.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board.
And the vertex gain is improved, and the balance between the vertex gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a metal base plate;
the feed circuit board is arranged in the central area of the metal bottom plate;
the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
The added metal bottom plate can reflect the energy radiated downwards by the antenna radiator to the top of the antenna together with the feed circuit board, thereby improving the reflection efficiency and the top gain. Meanwhile, the periphery of the metal base plate is connected with the metal cavity, so that the surrounding effect of the metal cavity is improved, the vertex gain is further improved, and the balance between the vertex gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
Optionally, any of the radiating portions further comprises a horizontal portion connected to the inclined portion; the horizontal part is parallel to the feeding circuit board and is connected with the feeding balun.
The vertex gain can be improved, and meanwhile, after the horizontal structure is connected with the inclined part, the horizontal structure is convenient to be welded with the feed balun relative to the inclined structure.
Optionally, the feed balun comprises a first coupling feed structure and a second coupling feed structure; the first coupling feed structure is connected with the feed circuit board; the second coupling feed structure is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part; the distance between the first coupling feed structure and the second coupling feed structure satisfies a preset threshold.
The transmission of frequency point signals between the feed circuit board and the antenna radiator is realized through a coupling feed mode, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
Optionally, the first coupling feed structure comprises N/2
A first metal sheet of type; the N/2 first metal sheets are orthogonally arranged, and the intersection point is the center of each first metal sheet;
the second coupling feed structure comprises N second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the corresponding first metal sheet meets the preset threshold value; each second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part.
The transmission of frequency point signals between the feed circuit board and the antenna radiator is realized through a coupling feed mode, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
Optionally, the feeding circuit board includes a feeding balun connection point, a matching circuit, a 3dB bridge, and a connection point of a radio frequency coaxial connector;
the feeding balun connection point is used for being connected with the feeding balun;
the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector;
the 3dB electric bridge is used for performing 90-degree phase shift to realize circular polarization;
the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector.
Therefore, the connection between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the feed balun is realized, and the transmission of frequency point signals between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the antenna radiating body is facilitated in a coupling feed mode.
Optionally, the vertical portion is rectangular; the inclined portion is trapezoidal.
Optionally, N-4;
the side length of the side of the vertical part connected with the inclined part is 115 mm; the side length of the side connecting the inclined part and the vertical part is 115 mm.
Experiments prove that when N is 4, the width of the vertical part is 115mm, and the lower bottom of the inclined part connected with the vertical part is 115mm, the balance of vertex gain and low elevation gain can be achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, and the radiation range of the antenna is close to a hemisphere.
Optionally, an inclination angle formed by the inclined portion and a plane on which the feeding circuit board is located is 15 °.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible circular polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible circular polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible feeder circuit board provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible feeding balun provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a possible circular polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a standing wave curve of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a two-dimensional pattern of a pitching plane of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a two-dimensional directional diagram of an azimuth plane when an elevation angle of the circularly polarized antenna is 0 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, embodiments and advantages of the present application clearer, the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present application will clearly and completely describe the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and it is to be understood that the described exemplary embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the exemplary embodiments described herein without inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto. In addition, while the disclosure herein has been presented in terms of one or more exemplary examples, it should be appreciated that aspects of the disclosure may be implemented solely as a complete embodiment.
It should be noted that the brief descriptions of the terms in the present application are only for convenience of understanding of the embodiments described below, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. These terms should be understood in their ordinary and customary meaning unless otherwise indicated.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar or analogous objects or entities and are not necessarily intended to limit the order or sequence of any particular one, Unless otherwise indicated. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or device that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements explicitly listed, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product or device.
The embodiment of the invention provides a circularly polarized antenna, which comprises: the antenna comprises a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator; the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, and the N radiating parts are arranged around the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4; the feed balun is electrically connected with the feed circuit board; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiating body to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiation body is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiation body; any one of the N radiating parts comprises
A vertical portion of a type perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun so that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a converging manner; the inclined portion is a main radiation portion among the radiation portions.
The number of radiating portions may be plural, for example, 4, 6, 8, etc. The above is merely an example, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape of the vertical portion and the shape of the inclined portion, for example: the vertical part can be other polygons such as rectangle, trapezoid, rhombus and the like; the inclined portion may have other polygonal shapes such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, and a rhombus.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the size of the vertical portion and the size of the inclined portion.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the inclination angle formed by the inclined part and the plane of the feed circuit board.
The inclined part can radiate energy to the top of the antenna and the horizontal direction of the antenna, so that the inclined part is a main radiating body of the antenna and plays a role in determining the radiation range of the antenna. Part of the energy radiated by the inclined part is radiated to a feed circuit board of the antenna, and the energy radiated to the top of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board and is combined into a whole, so that the vertex gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna becomes a directional antenna in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, the vertical part perpendicular to the feed circuit board is arranged, so that energy can be radiated to the antenna in the low elevation angle direction, and the low elevation angle gain of the antenna is improved. Because the radiated energy is constant, the vertical part can achieve the balance of the vertex gain and the low elevation gain by properly weakening the vertex gain, broadens the wave beam of the antenna, enables the radiation range of the antenna to approach to a hemisphere shape, and meets the communication requirement better. The vertical part and the inclined part are cooperatively matched, so that the low elevation gain of the antenna is effectively improved, and the widening of the wave beam is realized. The whole structure is simple, and engineering implementation is easier.
Fig. 1 shows a possible circularly polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: feed balun 2, feed circuit board 1 and antenna radiator, the antenna radiator comprises 4 radiating portions, each radiating portion comprising a vertical portion 3 and an inclined portion 4.
Fig. 1 shows 4 radiation portions, and the number of actual radiation portions is not limited to 4, and may be 6, 8, or the like. If 8 radiating portions are provided, 4 of them are provided at the positions shown in fig. 1, and the other 4 are provided around the antenna, surrounding the antenna, symmetrically distributed. The above are merely examples, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
One possible feed balun 2 structure is shown in fig. 1, and in fact the feed balun 2 structure may be in other forms as long as the same effect can be achieved. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the feeding balun 2.
One possible embodiment, N is 4, the side of the perpendicular portion 3 connected to the inclined portion 4 has a side length of 115 mm; the side length of the side where the inclined part 4 and the vertical part 3 are connected is 115 mm. Experiments prove that when N is 4, the width of the vertical part 3 is 115mm, and the lower bottom of the inclined part 4 connected with the vertical part 3 is 115mm, the balance of vertex gain and low elevation gain can be achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, and the radiation range of the antenna is more approximate to a hemisphere.
In a possible embodiment, the vertical portion 3 is rectangular; the inclined portion 4 is trapezoidal.
In a possible embodiment, the inclined portion 4 forms an angle of inclination with respect to the plane of the feeder circuit board 1 of 15 °.
In a possible embodiment, any radiating portion of the circularly polarized antenna further includes a horizontal portion connected to the inclined portion 4; the horizontal part is parallel to the feeding circuit board and is connected with the feeding balun.
Fig. 2 shows a possible circularly polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a feed balun 2, a feed circuit board 1 and an antenna radiator comprising 4 radiating portions, each radiating portion comprising a vertical portion 3, an inclined portion 4 and a horizontal portion 5. The arrangement of the horizontal part can improve the top gain, and meanwhile, after the horizontal structure is connected with the inclined part 4, the horizontal structure is convenient to be welded with the feed balun 2 relative to the inclined structure.
In a possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further comprises a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board 1. And metal cavities are arranged around the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board 1 to improve the vertex gain, so that the balance between the vertex gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
In a possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a metal base plate, the metal base plate is stacked with the feeding circuit board 1, and the feeding circuit board 1 is disposed in a central region of the metal base plate. The periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
The metal base plate is made of a metal material, for example, an aluminum alloy material. The added metal bottom plate can reflect the energy radiated downwards by the antenna radiator to the top of the antenna together with the feed circuit board 1, thereby improving the reflection efficiency and the top gain. Meanwhile, the periphery of the metal base plate is connected with the metal cavity, so that the surrounding effect of the metal cavity is improved, the vertex gain is further improved, and the balance between the vertex gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
In a possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further comprises a radio frequency coaxial connector, an inner core of which is mounted on the feed circuit board 1; the outer conductor of the radio frequency coaxial connector is mounted on a metal base plate. The rf coaxial connector is the total input output port of the antenna. When the radio frequency coaxial connector receives an uplink frequency point signal to be sent through the radio frequency module, the uplink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2 through the feed circuit board 1, the feed balun 2 transmits the uplink frequency point signal to the antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator receives the uplink frequency point signal and then radiates the uplink frequency point signal outwards in the form of energy. After the antenna radiator receives the downlink frequency point signals in the space, the downlink frequency point signals are transmitted to the feed balun 2, the feed balun 2 transmits the downlink frequency point signals to the feed circuit board 1, and the feed circuit board 1 transmits the downlink frequency point signals to the radio frequency coaxial connector, so that the radio frequency coaxial connector can send the received downlink frequency point signals to the radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module analyzes and processes the downlink frequency point signals.
In a possible embodiment, a feed circuit board 1 is composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene fiberglass cloth copper-clad plate, and fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the feed circuit board 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, which comprises a feed balun 2 connection point, a matching circuit, a 3dB bridge, a connection point of a radio frequency coaxial connector and a matching resistor;
the feeding balun 2 connecting point is used for being connected with the feeding balun 2; the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector; the 3dB electric bridge is used for performing 90-degree phase shift to realize circular polarization; the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector; the matching resistance is port matching of the 3dB bridge. Therefore, the connection between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the feed balun 2 is realized, and the transmission of frequency point signals between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the antenna radiating body is facilitated in a coupling feed mode.
In one possible embodiment, the feeding balun 2 comprises a first coupling feeding structure and a second coupling feeding structure. Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a possible feeding balun 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where the feeding balun 2 includes a first coupling feeding structure 6 and a second coupling feeding structure 7.
The first coupling feed structure 6 comprises 2
A first metal sheet of type; 2 first metal sheets orthogonally arranged with the intersection point of each first metal sheetA center; the second coupling feed structure 7 comprises 4 second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the opposite first metal sheet meets a preset threshold value; each second metal sheet is connected with each horizontal part.
The first metal sheet may be integrally formed, or 1 horizontal metal sheet may be connected to 2 vertical metal sheets to form the first metal sheet.
The material of the metal sheet may be various metals such as copper, aluminum, and the like. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this regard.
The bottom end of the first metal sheet is connected with a connection point of a feed balun 2 of a feed circuit board 1, so that the feed circuit board 1 can transmit an uplink frequency point signal to the feed balun 2, and the feed balun 2 can also transmit a downlink frequency point signal to the feed circuit board 1.
The top of first sheetmetal is unsettled, keeps certain distance with the second sheetmetal, and the threshold value is predetermine to the distance satisfaction, for example, 2 mm.
The second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part and has a rectangular overall shape, so that the first metal sheet can realize the transmission of signals between the feed balun 2 and the antenna radiator in a coupling feed mode.
The bottom end of the second metal sheet is also connected to the feeding circuit board 1, and the specific connection position is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The transmission of frequency point signals between the feed circuit board 1 and the antenna radiator is realized through a coupling feed mode, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
In a possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further comprises an antenna cover made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material, and the antenna cover protects the antenna.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a circular polarization antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: the antenna comprises a metal bottom plate 8, a feed circuit board 1, a radio frequency coaxial connector 9, a metal cavity 10, a vertical part 3, an inclined part 4, a horizontal part 5, an antenna housing 11 and a feed balun 2. The vertical portion 3, the inclined portion 4, and the horizontal portion 5 constitute any one of the radiation portions of the antenna radiator. The embodiment of the present invention is described by taking 4 radiation portions as an example.
The metal base plate 8 is stacked with the feed circuit board 1, and the feed circuit board 1 is disposed in a central region of the metal base plate 8. The metal base plate 8 is made of a metal material, for example, an aluminum alloy material.
The inner core of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 is arranged on the feed circuit board 1; the outer conductor of the rf coaxial connector 9 is mounted on a metal chassis 8. The rf coaxial connector 9 is the overall input-output port of the antenna. When the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 receives an uplink frequency point signal to be sent through the radio frequency module, the uplink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2 through the feed circuit board 1, the feed balun 2 transmits the uplink frequency point signal to the antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator receives the uplink frequency point signal and then radiates the uplink frequency point signal outwards in the form of energy. After the antenna radiator receives the downlink frequency point signals in the space, the downlink frequency point signals are transmitted to the feed balun 2, the feed balun 2 transmits the downlink frequency point signals to the feed circuit board 1, and the feed circuit board 1 transmits the downlink frequency point signals to the radio frequency coaxial connector 9, so that the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 can transmit the received downlink frequency point signals to the radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module analyzes and processes the downlink frequency point signals.
When the antenna radiator radiates energy outwards, a part of energy radiates to the top of the antenna, a part of energy radiates to the bottom of the antenna, the energy radiated to the bottom of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board 1 and/or the metal bottom plate 8, the reflected energy and the energy radiated to the top of the antenna are combined into a whole, the top gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna forms directional radiation.
The antenna radiator includes 4 radiation portions, and every radiation portion includes vertical part 3, slope 4 and horizontal part 5, and vertical part 3 is perpendicular to the bottom plate, keeps certain distance with the bottom plate, and vertical part 3 is used for to the horizontal direction radiant energy, promotes the horizontal gain of antenna. The inclined portion 4 serves as a main radiation portion, and can radiate energy to the top of the antenna as well as the horizontal direction of the antenna, the energy radiated to the bottom of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board 1 and the metal base plate 8, and the reflected energy is radiated to the top of the antenna, thereby simultaneously improving the top gain and the horizontal gain. The horizontal portion 5 is used to radiate energy to the top of the antenna, thereby increasing the top gain. Meanwhile, the horizontal portion 5 is more easily welded to the second metal sheet than the inclined portion 4 due to the horizontal.
Each radiation part may be integrally formed, or 1 horizontal part 5, 1 inclined part 4 and 1 vertical part 3 may be separately manufactured and then connected to form one radiation part.
The vertical part 3 is formed by an epoxy glass fiber cloth substrate FR4 board coated with copper on one side, is rectangular in overall shape, and is symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna. The inclined part 4 is formed by an FR4 plate with copper coated on one side, is trapezoidal in overall shape, is symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna, is a main radiator of the antenna, and the horizontal part 5 which plays a role in determining an antenna radiation pattern is formed by an FR4 plate with copper coated on one side, is rectangular in overall shape, and is symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna.
The vertical part 3 is rectangular and has a size of 115 × 120; the inclined part 4 is trapezoidal and has the size of (10+115) × 94.25/2; it can be seen that the sides of the perpendicular part 3 and the inclined part 4, which contact each other, have a side length of 115mm, which makes the radiation range more approximate to a hemisphere.
The metal cavity 10 is made of a metal material, such as an aluminum alloy material, and has a cylindrical shape, and the bottom portion thereof is connected to the bottom plate, and surrounds the antenna radiator and the feeding circuit board 1, which function in the antenna to increase the antenna vertex gain.
The circularly polarized antenna with the frequency band range of 520MHz to 680MHz manufactured by the method is taken as an example for testing, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave curve chart of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, wherein the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna is less than or equal to 2.2. The absolute bandwidth is 160MHz, and the relative bandwidth is 26.6%. The bandwidth requirement of the circularly polarized antenna is met. The voltage standing wave ratio reflects the matching degree of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 and the antenna, the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 provided by the embodiment of the invention is 50 ohms, and the impedance of the circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is matched with the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9, so that the energy loss is small.
Fig. 7 is a two-dimensional pattern of a pitching plane of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the 3dB beam width of the pitching plane two-dimensional directional diagram is 217 degrees, and the communication requirement of paratroopers is completely met.
Fig. 8 is a two-dimensional directional diagram of an azimuth plane when the elevation angle of the circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is 0. It can be seen that there is 360 ° coverage in the horizontal direction with good out-of-roundness and gain.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A circularly polarized antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator;
the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, and the N radiating parts are arranged around the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4;
the feed balun is electrically connected with the feed circuit board; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiating body to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiation body is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiation body;
any one of the N radiating parts comprises
A vertical portion of a type perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun so that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined portion is a main radiation portion among the radiation portions.
2. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board.
3. The antenna of claim 2, further comprising: a metal base plate;
the feed circuit board is arranged in the central area of the metal bottom plate;
the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein any radiating portion further comprises a horizontal portion connected to the inclined portion; the horizontal part is parallel to the feeding circuit board and is connected with the feeding balun.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein the feed balun includes a first coupled feed structure and a second coupled feed structure; the first coupling feed structure is connected with the feed circuit board; the second coupling feed structure is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part; the distance between the first coupling feed structure and the second coupling feed structure satisfies a preset threshold.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the first coupling feed structure comprises N/2
A first metal sheet of type; the N/2 first metal sheets are orthogonally arranged, and the intersection point is the center of each first metal sheet;
the second coupling feed structure comprises N second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the corresponding first metal sheet meets the preset threshold; each second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed circuit board comprises a feed balun connection point, a matching circuit, a 3dB bridge, a connection point for a radio frequency coaxial connector;
the feeding balun connection point is used for being connected with the feeding balun;
the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector;
the 3dB electric bridge is used for performing 90-degree phase shift to realize circular polarization;
the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector.
8. The antenna of any of claims 1-7, wherein the vertical portion is rectangular; the inclined portion is trapezoidal.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein N-4;
the side length of the side of the vertical part connected with the inclined part is 115 mm; the side length of the side connecting the inclined part and the vertical part is 115 mm.
10. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein the inclined portion forms an inclination angle of 15 ° with respect to a plane in which the feed circuit board is located.
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