CN114635419B - A Negative Poisson's Ratio Rotating Expanded Square Perforated Plate Array Bolt Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative Poisson's ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device, which belongs to the technical field of slope engineering bolt support. Pass through the anchor fixed plate and hinge the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchor structure, one end of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchor structure is hinged with a displacement suppressor, when the primary anchor fails, the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array is anchored The structure unfolds slowly after being subjected to tension, and the invention realizes the simultaneous expansion and drag reduction effect of the ring tension of the free section and the shrinkage drag reduction effect of the ring pressure, and the anchoring effect is divided into two stages; it is suitable for soil slope support, underground engineering, tunnel engineering, etc.; On the basis of maintaining the application of rigid anchors, it also has the advantages of flexible anchors. The anchoring force is reliable in classification and easy to adjust and supplement, and easy to recycle and reuse; it has strong creep resistance and the anchoring effect is not affected by the gaps in the soil. The overall strength of the anchor rod is high and wear-resistant.

Description

A Negative Poisson's Ratio Rotating Expanded Square Perforated Plate Array Bolt Device

technical field

The invention relates to a negative Poisson's ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array bolt device, which belongs to the technical field of slope engineering bolt support.

Background technique

Metamaterials refer to artificially designed novel materials, which have physical properties that ordinary materials in nature do not possess, and their macroscopic properties largely depend on the internal microstructure (cell or functional unit) structure rather than the properties of the base material itself. . There are two ways for negative Poisson’s ratio materials. One is to construct a new type of material from the microscopic properties through the development of material science, and the other is to present a negative Poisson’s ratio material when it is stressed in a certain direction through its specific macroscopic geometric structure. A specific negative Poisson's ratio characteristic. Negative stiffness metamaterials are one of the important categories, and the direction of force and displacement changes during deformation is opposite. Negative Poisson's ratio materials and structures have great advantages in shear resistance, indentation resistance, fracture resistance, surface isotropy, permeability variability, and energy absorption performance. At present, the application of negative Poisson's ratio materials has involved many fields.

Negative Poisson's ratio rotating polygonal structures are another large class of negative Poisson's ratio materials. A rotating system is generally composed of rigid polygons hinged at their vertices. The Poisson's ratio of the rotating polygonal structure can be positive or negative, depending mainly on the combination of polygons and the degree of openness of the system. Negative Poisson’s ratio rotating polygonal structure produces negative Poisson’s ratio effect. After the system is stressed, the rigid polygon rotates and expands (retracts) around the apex, causing the overall structure to expand (shrink). The rotating polygonal structure can also be extended to a three-dimensional structure.

The soil anchoring technology can mobilize the strength of the soil itself through the reinforcement of the anchor rod, making the soil a part of the engineering structure, greatly reducing the volume of the retaining structure, reducing the self-weight of the reinforced structure, and saving engineering materials. The effect of soil deformation is remarkable. The bearing capacity of the bolt is mainly provided by the bond friction strength between the anchor body and the surrounding rock-soil medium, but the bond friction strength of some soils is low, and it is often difficult to meet the design pullout force requirements.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provides a negative Poisson's ratio rotating expansion type square perforated plate array bolt device.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a negative Poisson's ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device, including an anchor body, a support structure, a pedestal, an anchor, and an anchor fixing plate, the One end of the anchor body passes through the supporting structure, the pedestal, and the anchor in sequence, and the other end of the anchor body passes through the anchor fixing plate. It is characterized in that the other end of the anchor body passes through the anchor fixing plate and is also hinged A negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure is provided, and the end of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure is hinged away from the anchor fixing plate. Inhibitor, when the anchor body segment fails, the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchor structure slowly unfolds after being pulled, causing the overall structure to expand and become an end-expanded anchor.

In the soil entry stage, due to the pressure exerted by the soil layer and machinery, the stainless steel-copper alloy bolt body shrinks radially when it is under pressure due to the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics of the material, resulting in a negative Poisson's ratio compression effect.

When starting to work, the unstable slope body or unsteady soil gives tensile force to the retaining structure. At this time, the reinforcement anchor body and the anchor body begin to bear the tensile stress. The stainless steel-copper alloy anchor body is due to the negative Poisson's ratio of the rod body. The deformation characteristic expands along the direction of the shear stress. In the unstable slope section, the expansion deformation causes the pressure between the anchor body and the soil to increase, and the friction force increases, which reduces the possibility of relative displacement between the anchor body and the soil. , to improve its anchoring effect, in the concrete-stainless steel copper alloy anchor section, the expansion of the anchor body will cause the pressure between the anchor body and the concrete to increase, and then squeeze the soil, increasing the mechanical force between the three The bite force further improves the anchoring effectiveness of the anchor rod.

If the sliding force of the soil continues to increase, the relative displacement of the anchor body and the soil layer occurs, and the displacement suppressor at the end prevents the negative Poisson’s ratio from amplifying the end displacement of the perforated plate array anchorage structure, and close to the instability The structure at the end of the slope slides outward with the anchor rod. At this time, the anchor structure of the negative Poisson’s ratio amplified perforated plate array slowly unfolds into multiple cross structures, which become end-expanded anchor rods. The negative Poisson’s ratio anchor rod as a whole reaches limit value of the anchoring force.

Preferably, the anchor rod body is made of an alloy of brass and stainless steel, and has an auxetic negative Poisson's ratio characteristic.

The traditional anchor section applies prestress, and the anchor section passes through the support structure, is pulled by the anchor to apply prestress, and is fixed by the anchor head. The anchor rod body, anchorage, pedestal and support structure are connected to bear the sliding force of the unstable slope.

The anchoring structure of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array includes several rotationally rigid amplified structures, first elastic cables and first rigid rods. A rigid tie rod connection.

The rotation rigid amplification structure includes 4 groups of rotation square structures, and the 4 groups of rotation square structures are hinged in a 2×2 array to form a rotation rigid amplification structure; the rotation square structure includes 4 perforated plates, and the 4 perforation plates are formed by The 2×2 arrays are hinged to form a rotating square structure. The hinged way between the four perforated plates makes the rotating square structure rotate and expand around the hinge points after the force is applied, so that the overall structure expands. The Poisson’s ratio of the rotating rigid enlarged structure is burden.

The perforated plate has a square structure, and the surface of the perforated plate is textured and not smooth, and is uneven, so as to increase the frictional force between the perforated plate and the soil.

One side of one of the perforated plates is provided with two spaced first end plates, and one side of a perforated plate adjacent to one of the perforated plates is provided with a second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate are both A through hole is provided, the second end plate is located between the two first end plates, a bolt is provided in the through hole, and a fastener is provided at one end of the bolt passing through the through hole.

The hinge joints of the rotationally rigid enlarged structure are relatively high. It is necessary to ensure that the bolts do not get stuck and the relative rotation cannot occur when the structure is opened, and that it must not be corroded by minerals, humid environments and microorganisms in the rock and soil. Therefore, Certain anti-rust and anti-corrosion treatments are required. Lubricant coating applied to bolts and fasteners.

The two sides of the anchor body are respectively provided with reinforcing bar anchor bodies, and one end of the two reinforcing bar anchor bodies passes through the supporting structure, the pedestal, and the anchor respectively in sequence, and the other ends of the two reinforcing bar anchor bodies are provided with Reinforcing rib anchors, the other ends of the two reinforcing rib anchor rods respectively pass through the anchor fixing plate and the reinforcing rib anchors in sequence, and are hinged to the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure.

To prevent the tensile rigidity of one anchor body from being guaranteed, add reinforcing ribs on both sides of the anchor body. The anchor body of the reinforcing ribs passes through the reserved hole of the support structure and is fixed by the anchorage of the reinforcing ribs. Pass through the retaining structure and fix with the anchor.

A second elastic cable is respectively hinged between the two reinforcement anchor rod bodies and the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure, and the anchor rod body is hinged with the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure There is a third rigid tie rod located between the two second elastic stays.

Preferably, there are two rotationally rigid amplifying structures, and the two rotationally rigid amplifying structures are connected by two first elastic cables and a first rigid rod, and the two rotationally rigid amplifying structures are perpendicular to each other It is set that the first rigid pull rod is located between two first elastic stay cables.

The anchoring effect is greatest when the rotationally rigid amplified structures are arranged perpendicular to each other.

Preferably, a second rigid tie rod is provided between the displacement suppressor and the anchoring structure of the negative Poisson's ratio amplifying perforated plate array, and the two ends of the second rigid tie rod are respectively hinged on the displacement suppressor and the negative Poisson's ratio amplifying perforated plate. Between array anchor structures.

The displacement suppressor at the end prevents the negative Poisson’s ratio from amplifying the end displacement of the perforated plate array anchorage structure. The anchoring structure of Songbi perforated plate array unfolds slowly to play an anchoring role. The displacement suppressor is a conical structure, with a square steel plate at one end of the conical bottom, the end plate is welded on the steel plate, and hinged to the end of the negative Poisson's ratio perforated plate array anchorage structure through bolts and fasteners. The displacement suppressor is added and buried in deeper soil. The structure is equipped with an anchor body and two reinforcement bars at the end close to the retaining structure, which has a better combination with the overall anchor.

Preferably, each group of rotationally rigid amplified structures is composed of 16 perforated plates in a 4×4 array, and the first row of perforated plates includes the first perforated plate, the second perforated plate, the third perforated plate, the fourth perforated plate, and the second perforated plate. The row of perforated plates includes the fifth perforated plate, the sixth perforated plate, the seventh perforated plate, and the eighth perforated plate;

The first perforated plate is welded to the end plate at the upper end of the right edge and the right end of the lower edge respectively; the second perforated plate is respectively welded to the end plate at the upper end of the left edge, the left end of the lower edge and the lower end of the right edge; The upper end of the edge and the right end of the lower edge are respectively welded to the end plate, and the fourth perforated plate is respectively welded to the end plate at the upper end of the left edge and the left end of the lower edge;

The fifth perforated plate and the first perforated plate are provided with end plates symmetrically, the sixth perforated plate is provided with end plates symmetrically with the second perforated plate, the seventh perforated plate is provided with end plates symmetrically with the third perforated plate, and the eighth perforated plate is provided with end plates symmetrically with the third perforated plate. The four perforated plates are symmetrically arranged with end plates; and the left end of the lower edge of the fifth perforated plate is welded to the end plate, the right end of the sixth perforated plate is welded to the end plate, the left end of the seventh perforated plate is welded to the end plate, and the right end of the eighth perforated plate is welded to the lower edge End plate; the right end of the lower edge of the first perforated plate is hinged to the outside of the fifth perforated plate and the second elastic cable is hinged, the left end of the lower edge of the fourth perforated plate is hinged to the outside of the eighth perforated plate and the first elastic cable is hinged to the outside of the fifth perforated plate. The left end of the lower edge of the plate is hinged to the third rigid tie rod, and the right end of the lower edge of the eighth perforated plate is hinged to the first rigid tie rod;

The third row of perforated plates and the second row of perforated plates are provided with end plates symmetrically, and the fourth row of perforated plates is provided with end plates symmetrically with the first row of perforated plates.

When the rotating rigid amplified structure works, the first and third perforated plates in the first row, the sixth and eighth perforated plates in the second row, the ninth and eleventh perforated plates in the third row, the fourteenth and the fourth perforated plates in the fourth row The sixteen perforated plates start to rotate clockwise under the action of tension until they rotate 45°, and the other perforated plates begin to rotate counterclockwise under the action of tension until they rotate 45°. At this time, the structure is pulled to the maximum and the maximum resistance of the anchor is also reached.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, both the anchor rod body and the negative Poisson's ratio perforated plate array anchorage structure show the deformation characteristics of negative Poisson's ratio macroscopically, so that the anchor rod is reduced in the construction stage. The resistance of entering the soil shows the characteristics of expansion when it is pulled to the outside, which strengthens the anchoring effect of the anchor rod.

2. The present invention uses a secondary anchoring structure. Steel and copper negative Poisson’s ratio anchor rods are the primary anchoring structure, and the negative Poisson’s ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure is the secondary anchoring structure. While the primary anchoring structure plays a role , the secondary anchoring structure is only used as an auxiliary, and the secondary anchoring structure will only play a role after the primary structure loses its effectiveness. This feature creates favorable conditions for the local modification and iteration of the anchor.

3. The local modification and iteration of the negative Poisson's ratio bolt of the present invention are convenient, that is, if the rock and soil body to be anchored does not require a high anchorage force, the secondary anchorage structure can be removed after design calculation; if the bolt body If it can bear the expected tensile force, it is not necessary to design the reinforcement anchor rod body.

4. The device of the present invention is widely used, and the shape of the bolt varies, and is suitable for rock and soil support, underground engineering, tunnel engineering, seawall anchoring engineering, etc., and has broad application prospects. On the basis of maintaining the application of rigid anchors, this negative Poisson's ratio anchor also has the advantages of flexible anchors. The anchoring force is graded and reliable, easy to adjust and supplement, easy to recycle and reuse; strong creep resistance, low anchoring effect Affected by the voids in the rock and soil, the overall strength of the bolt is high and wear-resistant.

5. Traditional anchor rods and retaining wall slope protection are both static forces to counter the sliding force of the unstable slope. If the slope protection structure is difficult to support at a certain moment, disasters such as landslides will occur in an instant. This patent is different. After the sliding force of the unstable slope reaches a certain threshold, the slope protection body is pushed forward. At this time, due to the resistance effect of the square plate array slowly opening, the sliding of the unstable slope can be made The force is released slowly to avoid geological disasters caused by a powerful impact force released in an instant.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the body section of the anchor rod in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the collapsed rotationally rigid enlarged structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the rotationally rigid enlarged structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the perforated plate connection method in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the displacement suppressor and the rotation amplification structure.

In the figure: 1 perforated plate, 1-1 first perforated plate, 1-2 second perforated plate, 1-3 third perforated plate, 1-4 fourth perforated plate, 1-5 fifth perforated plate, 1-6 Sixth perforated plate, 1-7 seventh perforated plate, 1-8 eighth perforated plate, 2 first end plate, 3 second end plate, 4 bolts, 5 fasteners, 6, anchorage, 7 pedestal, 8 Support structure, 9 anchor rod body, 10 reinforcement bar anchor, 11 reinforcement bar anchor body, 12 anchor fixing plate, 13 displacement suppressor, 14 first elastic cable, 15 first rigid tie rod, 16 second rigid Pull bar, 17 second elastic stay cables, 18 the 3rd rigid pull bar.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and description of the drawings.

In order to make the construction method and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the practice of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. On the premise of not departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, all of them should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, a negative Poisson's ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device includes an anchor body 9, a support structure 8, a pedestal 7, and an anchor 6 , anchor fixing plate 12, reinforcement anchor 10, the anchor body 9 is made of an alloy of brass and stainless steel, has auxetic negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, and the two sides of the anchor body 9 are respectively provided with reinforcement Tendon anchor body 11, one end of the anchor body 9 and the two reinforcing rib anchor bodies 11 passes through the support structure 8, the pedestal 7, and the anchor 6 in turn, the anchor body 9 and the two reinforcing rib anchor rods The other end of the body 11 passes through the anchor fixing plate 12 and the reinforcing bar anchor 10 in turn, and hinges the negative Poisson's ratio magnified perforated plate array anchoring structure, and the two reinforcing bar anchor bodies 11 and the negative Poisson's ratio magnified perforated plate array A second elastic cable 17 is respectively hinged between the anchor structures, and a third rigid rod 18 is hinged between the anchor body 9 and the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchor structure, and the third rigid rod 18 is located between the two between the second elastic cables 17.

The negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure is hinged at one end away from the anchor fixing plate 12, and a displacement suppressor 13 is provided to prevent the displacement of the end of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure. , the negative Poisson’s ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure slowly unfolds after being pulled, causing the structure to expand as a whole and become an end-expanded anchor rod. A second rigid tie rod 16 is provided, and the two ends of the second rigid tie rod 16 are respectively hinged between the displacement suppressor 13 and the anchoring structure of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array.

The negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure includes two rotationally rigid amplified structures, two first elastic cables 14 and a first rigid rod 15, and the two rotationally rigid amplified structures are arranged perpendicular to each other And it is connected with a first rigid pull rod 15 through two first elastic stay cables 14 , and the first rigid pull rod 15 is located between the two first elastic stay cables 14 . The rotation rigid amplification structure includes 4 sets of rotation square structures, and the 4 groups of rotation square structures are hinged in a 2×2 array to form a rotation rigid amplification structure; the rotation square structure includes 4 perforated plates 1, and the 4 perforated plates 1 is hinged in a 2×2 array to form a rotating square structure. The hinged way between the four perforated plates makes the rotating square structure rotate and expand around the hinge points after the force is applied, so that the overall structure expands, and the rigidity of the rotation amplifies the poise of the structure. The loose ratio is negative.

Further, one side of one of the perforated plates 1 is provided with two spaced first end plates 2, and one side of the perforated plate 1 adjacent to one of the perforated plates 1 is provided with a second end plate 3, the Both the first end plate 2 and the second end plate 3 are provided with through holes, the second end plate 3 is located between the two first end plates 1, the through holes are provided with bolts 4, and the bolts 4 pass through One end of the through hole is provided with a fastener 5 .

The perforated plate 1 is welded with a circular arc-shaped end plate at a specific corner, and a hole is punched in the middle. It must be ensured that one of the two interconnected perforated plates 1 is welded with two spaced perforated first end plates 2, and one is welded in the middle. Ensure that it can be inserted into the middle of the first end plate 2 of another perforated plate 1, and then fixed with bolts and fasteners to form a hinge mechanism that limits displacement and can rotate freely.

Further, each group of rotationally rigid amplified structures is composed of 16 perforated plates 1 in a 4×4 array, and the first row of perforated plates includes the first perforated plate 1-1, the second perforated plate 1-2, the third perforated plate Perforated plates 1-3, fourth perforated plates 1-4, the second row of perforated plates includes fifth perforated plates 1-5, sixth perforated plates 1-6, seventh perforated plates 1-7, eighth perforated plates 1-8;

The first perforated plate 1-1 is welded with end plates at the upper end of the right edge and the right end of the lower edge respectively; the second perforated plate 1-2 is respectively welded with end plates at the upper end of the left edge, the left end of the lower edge and the lower end of the right edge; 1-3 weld end plates at the lower end of the left edge, the upper end of the right edge, and the right end of the lower edge, respectively, and the fourth perforated plate 1-4 respectively welds end plates at the upper end of the left edge and the left end of the lower edge;

The fifth perforated plate 1-5 and the first perforated plate 1-1 are provided with end plates symmetrically, the sixth perforated plate 1-6 is provided with end plates symmetrically with the second perforated plate 1-2, and the seventh perforated plate 1-7 is arranged with an end plate symmetrically with the second perforated plate 1-2. The third perforated plate 1-3 is symmetrically provided with end plates, the eighth perforated plate 1-8 is symmetrically provided with the fourth perforated plate 1-4; and the left end of the fifth perforated plate 1-5 is welded to the end plate, and the sixth perforated The welding end plate at the right end of the lower edge of plate 1-6, the welding end plate at the left end of the lower edge of the seventh perforated plate 1-7, and the welding end plate at the right end of the lower edge of the eighth perforated plate 1-8; the lower edge of the first perforated plate 1-1 The right end is hinged to the fifth perforated plate 1-5, and the second elastic cable 17 is hinged, and the left end of the fourth perforated plate 1-4 is hinged to the eighth perforated plate 1-8, and the first elastic cable 14 is also hinged to the fifth perforated plate. The left end of the lower edge of the plate 1-5 is hinged to the third rigid tie rod 18, and the right end of the lower edge of the eighth perforated plate 1-8 is hinged to the first rigid tie rod 15;

The third row of perforated plates and the second row of perforated plates are provided with end plates symmetrically, and the fourth row of perforated plates is provided with end plates symmetrically with the first row of perforated plates.

The cross-sectional area of the bolt and the length of the anchoring section shall meet the requirements of the structural code. At the same time, the anchoring length of the anchor in the soil layer shall not be less than 4.0m, and should not be greater than 10.0m; the length of the anchoring section of the rock anchor shall not be less than 3.0m, and It should not be larger than 6.0m, and the area of the anchor rod reinforcement in the borehole should not exceed 20% of the borehole area.

Both traditional anchor rods and retaining wall slope protection are statically counteracting the sliding force of the unstable slope. If the slope protection structure is difficult to support at a certain moment, disasters such as landslides will occur in an instant. But the present invention is different, after the sliding force of the unstable slope reaches a certain threshold value, the slope protection body is pushed forward, and at this moment, the sliding of the unstable slope can be made due to the resistance effect of the square plate array slowly opening. The force is released slowly to avoid geological disasters caused by a powerful impact force released in an instant.

Firstly, the design work of the bolt is carried out. Since the sliding surface and stable soil layer of each rock and soil mass are different, the specific length data of the bolt body cannot be given. Therefore, it must be calculated according to the actual situation. The stability analysis of the slope, the calculation of the lateral earth pressure, and the calculation of the length between the various parts of the anchor body can all be carried out according to the current code, and will not be repeated here.

In the process of anchor rod construction, drilling work should be carried out first; the anchorage, pedestal, and retaining structure of the anchor rod body need to be drilled corresponding to the anchor rod body. Special attention should be paid to the fact that if the anchor body of the reinforcement bar is designed, the anchorage, the pedestal and the retaining structure all need to be drilled for the anchor body of the reinforcement bar.

The second step is to make the displacement suppressor, just use a square steel plate with a thickness of 0.5cm to weld the end plate. The side length should not be too large, otherwise it will increase the resistance of the bolt self-tapping into the soil.

The third step is to weld the end plate to the designated position on the edge of each perforated plate. This step is very critical, and the connection of the key stress-bearing points of the secondary anchorage structure has the participation of pressure welding. The characteristic of the pressure welding method is to apply pressure during the welding process without adding filler materials. There is no melting process in pressure welding, so there is no problem of burning of beneficial alloy elements and intrusion of harmful elements into the weld like fusion welding, which simplifies the welding process and improves welding safety and hygiene conditions.

The fourth step should be to assemble the negative Poisson's ratio perforated plate array anchoring structure. The perforated plates are connected by bolts and fasteners. After the bolt structure is constructed, it should have the following characteristics: it is necessary to ensure that the perforated plates can be opened smoothly when the secondary structure is functioning, and a certain resistance must be maintained during the process of opening. , so the bolts can neither be locked nor too loose when they are hinged.

The elastic stay cable used comprises a telescopic cable body and two anchor assemblies positioned at the two ends of the cable body. The cable body includes a lower sleeve and a support ring located in the lower sleeve and a length adjustment device, which is adjusted by Rod, elastic body, nut, lock nut and connecting device, the connecting device is composed of a pressure bearing plate, a connecting plate, a threaded connecting device; the adjusting rod is connected through the cable body of the bearing plate, and the nut and locking The nuts are sleeved on the adjusting rods in turn.

The whole anchor bolt should be coated with coal tar pitch, which is a complex mixture of various polymer hydrocarbons. Due to the high content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the composition of this material, good chemical stability, strong corrosion resistance, low water absorption, good insulation, and strong resistance to microbial corrosion, it has a long service life. In addition, the coal tar pitch has a strong binding force with the surface of the metal structure and is resistant to cathodic stripping, so it can be used as the anti-corrosion coating of the anchor rod of the present invention.

The anti-corrosion treatment of anchor rods shall meet the following requirements:

When the free section of the anchor bolt is located in the rock and soil layer, it can be treated with rust removal, asphalt ship primer and asphalt glass fiber cloth wrapping the second layer; for the anchor bolt body with stainless steel-copper alloy section, it can be Carry out anti-corrosion treatment according to the perforated plate and put it into the casing; fill the 100-200 mm length range at both ends of the free section casing with butter, and fix it with engineering tape around the outside; for anchorage in non-corrosive rock and soil layers The thickness of the cement slurry or cement mortar protective layer shall not be less than 25 mm; for the anchorage section located in the corrosive rock and soil layer, special anti-corrosion treatment shall be adopted, and the thickness of the cement slurry or cement mortar protective layer shall not be less than 50 mm; After anti-corrosion treatment, the outer end of the free section of the anchor rod should be embedded in the reinforced concrete member for more than 50 mm; the anchor tool of the anchor head should be covered with steel mesh after rust removal and anti-corrosion paint for three times, and the cast-in-place concrete should be closed , and the concrete grade should not be lower than C30, the thickness should not be less than 100 mm, and the thickness of the concrete protective layer should not be less than 50 mm.

If the anchor body of the tensile section of the unstable slope body meets the tensile demand during design, the anchor body of the reinforcement bar does not need to be designed, and the concrete is poured up to the retaining structure at this time.

The design can also abandon the primary concrete-stainless steel copper negative Poisson's ratio anchorage structure, and use two secondary anchorage structures.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention Inside.

Claims (5)

1. A negative Poisson’s ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device, including an anchor body (9), a support structure (8), a pedestal (7), an anchor (6), and an anchor fixing plate ( 12), one end of the anchor body (9) passes through the support structure (8), pedestal (7), and anchor (6) in sequence, and the other end of the anchor body (9) passes through the anchor fixing plate ( 12), it is characterized in that the other end of the anchor rod body (9) passes through the anchor fixing plate (12) and is also hinged with a negative Poisson’s ratio amplification perforated plate array anchoring structure, and the negative Poisson’s ratio amplification perforated plate The end of the array anchoring structure away from the anchor fixing plate (12) is hinged and equipped with a displacement suppressor (13) that prevents negative Poisson’s ratio from amplifying the displacement of the end of the perforated plate array anchoring structure. When the anchorage section fails, the negative Poisson’s ratio The anchoring structure of the perforated plate array is slowly unfolded after receiving the tension, so that the whole structure expands and becomes an end-expanded anchor rod; the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure includes several rotationally rigid amplified structures, a first elastic cable ( 14) and the first rigid rod (15), the number of rotationally rigid amplified structures are misplaced and connected to the first rigid rod (15) through the first elastic cable (14); the rotationally rigid amplified structure includes 4 groups of rotating Square structure, the 4 groups of rotating square structures are hinged in a 2×2 array to form a rotating rigid amplification structure; the rotating square structure includes 4 perforated plates (1), and the 4 perforated plates (1) are hinged in a 2×2 array to form Rotating square structure, the hinged way between the four perforated plates makes the perforated plate (1) rotate and expand around the hinge point after the rotating square structure is stressed, and the Poisson’s ratio of the rotating rigid amplified structure is negative; one of the perforated plates (1) One side is provided with two spaced first end plates (2), and one side of a perforated plate (1) adjacent to one of the perforated plates (1) is provided with a second end plate (3), the first end Both the plate (2) and the second end plate (3) are provided with through holes, the second end plate (3) is located between the two first end plates (1), and the through holes are provided with bolts ( 4), the bolt (4) is provided with a fastener (5) at one end of the through hole; the two sides of the anchor body (9) are respectively provided with a reinforcement anchor body (11), and two reinforcement anchor bodies (11) One end passes through the retaining structure (8), pedestal (7), and anchor (6) in turn, and the other end of the two reinforcing rib anchor bodies (11) is provided with a reinforcing rib anchor (10), The other ends of the two reinforcing bar anchor bodies (11) respectively pass through the anchor fixing plate (12) and the reinforcing bar anchor (10) in turn, and are hinged on the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure; A second elastic cable (17) is respectively hinged between the two reinforcing bar anchor bodies (11) and the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array anchoring structure, and the anchor body (9) and the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforation A third rigid pull rod (18) is hinged between the plate array anchor structures, and the third rigid pull rod (18) is located between the two second elastic stay cables (17). 2. A negative Poisson’s ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor body (9) is made of an alloy of brass and stainless steel, and has auxetic Negative Poisson's ratio properties. 3. A negative Poisson's ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array bolt device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are two rotating rigid amplifying structures, and two rotating rigid amplifying structures are passed between the two rotating rigid amplifying structures. The first elastic cable (14) is connected with a first rigid rod (15), and the two rotating rigid amplification structures are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the first rigid rod (15) is located between the two first elastic rods cable (14). 4. A negative Poisson’s ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the displacement suppressor (13) and the negative Poisson’s ratio enlarged perforated plate array anchoring structure A second rigid tie rod (16) is provided, and both ends of the second rigid tie rod (16) are respectively hinged between the displacement suppressor (13) and the anchoring structure of the negative Poisson's ratio amplified perforated plate array. 5. A negative Poisson’s ratio rotating enlarged square perforated plate array anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that each group of rotationally rigid amplified structures is composed of 16 perforated plates (1) in a 4×4 array , the first row of perforated plates includes the first perforated plate (1-1), the second perforated plate (1-2), the third perforated plate (1-3), the fourth perforated plate (1-4), the second row The perforated plates include the fifth perforated plate (1-5), the sixth perforated plate (1-6), the seventh perforated plate (1-7), and the eighth perforated plate (1-8); The first perforated plate (1-1) is respectively welded with end plates at the upper end of the right edge and the right end of the lower edge, and the second perforated plate (1-2) is respectively welded with end plates at the upper end of the left edge, the left end of the lower edge, and the lower end of the right edge, The third perforated plate (1-3) is respectively welded with end plates at the lower end of the left edge, the upper end of the right edge and the right end of the lower edge, and the fourth perforated plate (1-4) is respectively welded with end plates at the upper end of the left edge and the left end of the lower edge; The fifth perforated plate (1-5) and the first perforated plate (1-1) are provided with end plates symmetrically, and the sixth perforated plate (1-6) is provided with end plates symmetrically with the second perforated plate (1-2), The seventh perforated plate (1-7) and the third perforated plate (1-3) are provided with end plates symmetrically, and the eighth perforated plate (1-8) is provided with end plates symmetrically with the fourth perforated plate (1-4); and The fifth perforated plate (1-5) welds the end plate at the left end of the lower edge, the sixth perforated plate (1-6) welds the end plate at the right end of the lower edge, the seventh perforated plate (1-7) welds the end plate at the left end of the lower edge and the eighth perforation The right end of the lower edge of the plate (1-8) is welded to the end plate; the right end of the lower edge of the first perforated plate (1-1) is hinged to the fifth perforated plate (1-5), and the second elastic cable (17) is also hinged. The left end of the lower edge of the four perforated plates (1-4) is hinged to the eighth perforated plate (1-8) and the first elastic cable (14), and the left end of the lower edge of the fifth perforated plate (1-5) is hinged to the third rigid rod (18), the right end of the lower edge of the eighth perforated plate (1-8) is hinged to the first rigid tie rod (15); The third row of perforated plates and the second row of perforated plates are provided with end plates symmetrically, and the fourth row of perforated plates is provided with end plates symmetrically with the first row of perforated plates.

Images