CN114633803B - Integrally cast balance suspension beam based on material topology and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Integrally cast balance suspension beam based on material topology and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114633803B CN114633803B CN202210423810.2A CN202210423810A CN114633803B CN 114633803 B CN114633803 B CN 114633803B CN 202210423810 A CN202210423810 A CN 202210423810A CN 114633803 B CN114633803 B CN 114633803B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/11—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted with resilient means for suspension, e.g. of wheels or engine; sub-frames for mounting engine or suspensions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
- B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
- B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
- B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
- B60G2206/7102—Aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/8101—Shaping by casting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrally cast type balance suspension beam based on material topology and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the balance suspension beam comprises a beam body, longitudinal beam mounting plates used for being connected with a frame longitudinal beam are arranged at two ends of the beam body, and a suspension mounting plate used for being connected with a balance suspension is arranged at the bottom of the beam body; one side of the beam body is provided with two concave surfaces, each concave surface is internally provided with a group of V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses for mounting a V-shaped thrust rod, and the V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses and the beam body are integrally cast and molded; the crossbeam body comprises a first body and a second body, the first body is of a basin-shaped structure, and a rhombic hollow cavity is arranged in the middle of the first body; the second body is in an X-shaped structure and is provided with two through holes; a hollow hole penetrating through the two side walls is formed between the first body and the second body. The balanced suspension frame beam integrates parts into a whole, has a more compact structure and realizes light weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy tractor chassis light weight, and particularly relates to an integrally cast type balance suspension beam based on material topology and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The traditional balance suspension frame cross beam has two main functions, namely, bearing the force applied by a V-shaped thrust rod on a cross beam ball support to ensure the stability of an axle, and bearing the torsion applied by a longitudinal beam on the cross sections at two sides of the cross beam to ensure the rigidity of the whole frame assembly.
At present, the balance suspension frame cross beam mainly comprises two generations, the first generation is a sheet metal structure cross beam, the structure of the balance suspension frame cross beam is composed of a plurality of parts such as a groove-shaped stamping cross beam, a connecting plate, a casting V-shaped pushing support, a reinforcing plate and the like, and the parts are assembled into a balance suspension frame cross beam assembly in riveting and bolt connection modes. The main disadvantages are too many components, long manufacturing process and high manufacturing cost, and the cross beam mainly adopts steel and cast iron, so that the anti-rust treatment needs to be carried out by spraying electrophoretic paint. In addition, the riveting connection part of the sheet metal structure beam may crack due to stress concentration; the second generation was an integrally cast beam. Although the cross beam solves the problems of long manufacturing process and multi-component connection reliability, and compared with the first generation cross beam, the cross beam realizes obvious weight reduction, but the cross beam still needs electrophoretic paint because the structure adopts a hollow pillow-shaped structure and needs a lower large sand mould for forming, and because steel materials are still adopted. Most importantly, neither beam meets the current need for light weight.
In the prior art, chinese patent No. CN 204526717U discloses a balanced suspension beam, which comprises a beam body, wherein mounting screw holes are formed at two ends of the beam body, the beam body is provided with a beam center line, and the beam center line is a connecting line connecting centers of two ends of the beam, and is characterized in that: the end part of the beam body is provided with a mounting disc, mounting screw holes are formed in the mounting disc, and the central line of the mounting screw holes and the central line of the beam are arranged in parallel. The beam body is made of cast iron, and a plurality of grooves are formed below the beam body. Chinese patent No. CN 203199029U discloses a balance shaft suspension beam connection structure and a double rear axle heavy truck, which includes at least one balance shaft beam support, wherein a first end of the balance shaft beam support is connected with a balance shaft suspension beam, and a second end is connected with a frame longitudinal beam web. The first end of the balance shaft beam support is connected with the beam through a beam connecting plate. The number of the balance shaft beam supports is four, and the left side and the right side of the two ends of the balance shaft beam are respectively provided with one. And the side-standing reinforcing plate, the frame longitudinal beam web and the second end of the balance shaft cross beam support are connected into a whole by adopting a rivet or a threaded connecting piece which penetrates through the side-standing reinforcing plate, the frame longitudinal beam web and the second end of the balance shaft cross beam support. Chinese patent publication No. CN107344481A discloses a balanced suspension beam assembly integrating gas cylinder functions, which comprises a beam, two beam connecting brackets, two cover plate assemblies, two sealing plugs and two sealing rings; the transverse beam is a cold-drawn steel pipe, one end of each of the two transverse beam connecting supports is welded to the two ends of the transverse beam respectively to form a welding assembly, and the other end of each of the transverse beam connecting supports is connected with the web plane of the longitudinal beam; the two blocking cover plate assemblies are respectively welded on groove surfaces at two ends of the two cross beam connecting supports; the blocking cover plate assembly is formed by welding a flat blocking cover plate and a steel screw sleeve into an assembly, and the steel screw sleeve is arranged in the middle of the blocking cover plate; the screw thread of the screw seal plug screw is sleeved with a seal ring and then is in threaded connection with a steel screw sleeve on the blanking cover plate assembly, so that a closed air chamber is formed inside the beam assembly. However, none of the above-disclosed balanced suspension cross members solves the problem of light weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides an integrally cast balanced suspension cross beam based on material topology and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on material topology comprises a beam body, wherein longitudinal beam mounting plates used for being connected with a frame longitudinal beam are arranged at two ends of the beam body, and suspension mounting plates used for being connected with a balanced suspension are arranged at the bottom of the beam body; two inner concave surfaces are arranged on one side of the beam body, a group of V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses for mounting a V-shaped thrust rod is arranged in each inner concave surface, and the V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses and the beam body are integrally cast and formed;
the crossbeam body comprises a first body and a second body, the first body is of a basin-shaped structure, and a rhombic hollow cavity is arranged in the middle of the first body; the second body is of an X-shaped structure and is provided with two through holes; a hollow hole penetrating through the two side walls is formed between the first body and the second body.
In the technical scheme, each group of V-shaped pushing fixing support mounting bosses comprises a first mounting boss and a second mounting boss, and the first mounting bosses and the second mounting bosses are arranged oppositely to form an included angle for matching and mounting the V-shaped pushing rod.
In the above technical solution, the first mounting boss is provided with a first mounting hole, and the second mounting boss is provided with a second mounting hole; the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are matched for mounting the V-shaped thrust rod.
In the above technical solution, a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the rhombic hollow cavity of the first body, and the drainage holes penetrate through the bottom of the rhombic hollow cavity and extend downwards to penetrate through the through holes of the second body.
In the technical scheme, valve body mounting parts for mounting the valve body are arranged in the middle parts of two sides of the beam body; v pushes away the setting of fixing support installation boss in the both sides of valve body installation department.
In the technical scheme, the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.19 percent of Fe, 0.40 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.35 to 0.45 percent of Mn, 6.8 to 7.5 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.025 to 0.035 percent of Sr, 0 to 0.07 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.16 percent of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
In the technical scheme, the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.02 to 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.42 to 0.48 percent of Mg, 0.38 to 0.42 percent of Mn, 6.9 to 7.3 percent of Si, 0.22 to 0.28 percent of Ti, 0.028 to 0.032 percent of Sr, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.12 to 0.14 percent of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology, which adopts double inlet gates, wherein the inlet gates are 60-70 mm in diameter, the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate is 6-7 mbar/s, the mold filling time is 40-50 s, the mold filling pressure is 300-350 mbar, the pressurization pressure is 800-850 mbar, and the pressure maintaining time is 180-200 s.
In the technical scheme, the mounting boss of the V-shaped pushing fixing support adopts local extrusion, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 80-90 Mpa.
In the technical scheme, the heat treatment process comprises the steps of firstly carrying out solid solution at the temperature of 530-540 ℃ for 6-6.5 h, then carrying out water quenching for 10-12 min, and finally carrying out heat preservation at the temperature of 175-185 ℃ for 6-6.5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the longitudinal beam mounting plates on two sides of the cross beam of the integrally cast balanced suspension based on material topology are connected with the frame longitudinal beam, and the suspension mounting plate at the bottom is fixed with the balanced suspension. The aluminum alloy balance suspension beam integrates a V-shaped push fixing support mounting boss structure, the structure of the traditional steel plate stamping and welding structure beam adopts a single ductile iron casting and is connected to the beam through bolts to form an assembly.
Secondly, the drain hole is formed in the bottom of the integrally cast balance suspension beam based on the material topology, so that water accumulation caused by the fact that a middle diamond hollow cavity structure is used in a rainy day of a vehicle can be avoided.
Thirdly, the aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam structure is formed by topological optimization based on the same safety coefficient, equivalent rigidity and metal mold casting manufacturability of a beam of a punching and welding structure. The yield strength of the balanced suspension beam is far lower than that of steel and high-grade ductile iron, and the reliability of the aluminum alloy beam is ensured to the maximum extent by equivalent topological optimization; the arch bridge type structure can be directly taken out through the mold regardless of the outer contour or the hollowed structure, so that the mold structure is simplified, the mold manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is further reduced without core setting.
Fourthly, the balance suspension beam can realize multi-component integration by adopting a casting process, the beam with the original structure is composed of a plurality of parts such as a groove-shaped stamping beam, a connecting plate, a casting V-shaped pushing support, a reinforcing plate and the like, and the cast aluminum alloy beam integrates the parts into a whole and has a more compact structure.
Fifthly, the balanced suspension beam provided by the invention has a smaller Mg content range, so that the performance of the material after heat treatment is more stable.
Sixth, the local extrusion process of the method for manufacturing the balanced suspension beam can ensure that the maximum stress part is free of defects, and the body elongation of the V-shaped push ball head mounting bolt hole part can reach more than 5%, so that the connection strength can be improved by adopting extrusion threads or self-tapping threads.
And seventhly, the yield strength and the elongation of the casting body can be effectively improved by adopting the heat treatment process.
Eighthly, the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology can be reduced by 40% -50% compared with a first generation balanced suspension beam and 20% -25% compared with a second generation balanced suspension beam by adopting a low-cost manufacturing process route.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrally cast counterbalanced suspension beam based on material topology according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is another angular configuration of the integrally cast counterbalanced suspension cross member of FIG. 1 based on the material topology;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the integrally cast counterbalancing suspension cross member of FIG. 1 based on a material topology;
in the figure, 1-a beam body, 1.1-a first body, 1.11-a diamond hollow cavity, 1.12-a drain hole, 1.2-a second body, 1.21-a through hole, 1.3-a hollow hole, 2-a longitudinal beam mounting plate, 3-a suspension mounting plate, 4-V push fixing support mounting boss, 4.1-a first mounting boss, 4.11-a first mounting hole, 4.2-a second mounting boss, 4.21-a second mounting hole and 5-a valve body mounting part.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples to facilitate the clear understanding of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are a part of the present invention, rather than the whole, and are intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the integrally cast balanced suspension cross beam based on material topology of the present embodiment is prepared from an aluminum alloy material, and includes a cross beam body 1, longitudinal beam mounting plates 2 for connecting with a frame longitudinal beam are disposed at two ends of the cross beam body 1, and a suspension mounting plate 3 for connecting with a balanced suspension is disposed at the bottom of the cross beam body 1; one side of the beam body 1 is provided with two concave surfaces, each concave surface is internally provided with a group of V pushing fixed support mounting bosses 4 for mounting a V-shaped thrust rod, and the V pushing fixed support mounting bosses 4 and the beam body 1 are integrally cast and formed. In this embodiment, the beam body 1 includes a first body 1.1 and a second body 1.2, the first body 1.1 is a basin-shaped structure, and a rhombic hollow cavity 1.11 is formed in the middle of the first body 1.1; the second body 1.2 is in an X-shaped structure, and the second body 1.2 is provided with two through holes 1.21; a hollow hole 1.3 penetrating through the two side walls is arranged between the first body 1.1 and the second body 1.2.
In this embodiment, each group of V-shaped pushing fixing support mounting bosses 4 includes a first mounting boss 4.1 and a second mounting boss 4.2, and the first mounting boss 4.1 and the second mounting boss 4.2 are arranged oppositely to form an included angle for fitting and mounting the V-shaped thrust rod. A first mounting hole 4.11 is formed in the first mounting boss 4.1, and a second mounting hole 4.21 is formed in the second mounting boss 4.2; the first mounting hole 4.11 cooperates with the second mounting hole 4.21 for mounting the V-shaped thrust rod. A plurality of drain holes 1.12 are formed in the rhombic hollow cavity 1.11 of the first body 1.1, and the drain holes 1.12 penetrate through the bottom of the rhombic hollow cavity 1.11 and extend downwards to penetrate through the through holes 1.21 of the second body 1.2. The middle parts of two sides of the beam body 1 are provided with valve body mounting parts 5 for mounting a valve body; the V pushes away the fixed bolster installation boss 4 and sets up in the both sides of valve body installation department 5.
According to the invention, the longitudinal beam mounting plates on two sides of the cross beam of the integrally cast balanced suspension based on material topology are connected with the frame longitudinal beam, and the suspension mounting plate at the bottom is fixed with the balanced suspension. The aluminum alloy balance suspension beam integrates a V-shaped push fixing support mounting boss structure, the structure of the traditional steel plate stamping and welding structure beam adopts a single ductile iron casting and is connected to the beam through bolts to form an assembly. According to the invention, the drain holes are formed in the bottom of the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology, so that water accumulation caused by a middle diamond hollow cavity structure in the rainy day of a vehicle can be avoided. The safety coefficient criterion of the aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam is as follows: the maximum principal stress is > 1.05. The safety coefficient criterion used by the invention can effectively ensure the reliability of the balanced suspension beam casting. The aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam can realize multi-component integration by adopting a casting process. The cast aluminum alloy beam integrates the parts into a whole, and has a more compact structure.
Example 1:
the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology of the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.45 percent of Mn, 7.5 percent of Si, 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.035 percent of Sr0.07 percent of Zn, 0.16 percent of RE and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on material topology, which comprises the following steps: the method adopts a low-pressure casting process, adopts double inlet gates with the diameter of 70mm, and has the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate of 7mbar/s, the mold filling time of 50s, the mold filling pressure of 350mbar, the pressurizing pressure of 850mbar and the pressure maintaining time of 200s. The aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam adopts an extrusion process at the V-shaped push support, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 80 MPa. The heat treatment specification of the casting is that the casting is subjected to solid solution for 6h at the temperature of 540 ℃, then water quenching is carried out for 12min, and finally heat preservation is carried out for 6h at the temperature of 175 ℃.
Example 2:
the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology of the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.19% of Fe, 0.40% of Mg, 0.35% of Mn, 6.8% of Si, 0.20% of Ti, 0.025% of Sr and 0.10% of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on material topology, which comprises the following steps: the method adopts a low-pressure casting process, adopts double inlet gates with the diameter of 60mm, and has the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate of 6mbar/s, the mold filling time of 40s, the mold filling pressure of 300mbar, the pressurizing pressure of 800mbar and the pressure maintaining time of 180ss. The aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam adopts an extrusion process at the V-shaped push support, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 80 MPa. The heat treatment specification of the casting is that the casting is subjected to solid solution for 6h at 535 ℃, then water quenching for 10min, and finally heat preservation for 6h at 175 ℃.
Example 3:
the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.02% of Cu, 0.15% of Fe, 0.42% of Mg, 0.42% of Mn0.9%, 6.9% of Si, 0.28% of Ti, 0.028% of Sr, 0.05% of Zn, 0.12% of RE and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on material topology, which comprises the following steps: the method adopts a low-pressure casting process, adopts double inlet gates with the diameter of 70mm, the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate of 7mbar/s, the mold filling time of 50s, the mold filling pressure of 350mbar, the pressurization pressure of 850mbar and the pressure maintaining time of 200s. The aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam adopts an extrusion process at the V-shaped push support, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 90 Mpa. The heat treatment specification of the casting is that the casting is subjected to solid solution for 6.5h at the temperature of 530 ℃, then water quenching is carried out for 12min, and finally heat preservation is carried out for 6.5h at the temperature of 175 ℃.
Example 4:
the integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.04% of Cu, 0.1% of Fe, 0.48% of Mg, 0.38% of Mn, 7.3% of Si, 0.22% of Ti, 0.032% of Sr, 0.03% of Zn, 0.14% of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on material topology, which comprises the following steps: the method adopts a low-pressure casting process, adopts double inlet gates with the diameter of 60mm, and has the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate of 6mbar/s, the mold filling time of 40s, the mold filling pressure of 300mbar, the pressurizing pressure of 800mbar and the pressure maintaining time of 180ss. The aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam adopts an extrusion process at the V-shaped push support, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 80 MPa. The heat treatment specification of the casting is that the casting is subjected to solid solution for 6h at 535 ℃, then water quenching for 10min, and finally heat preservation for 6.5h at 185 ℃.
Example 5:
taking a certain heavy tractor balance suspension as an example, the original design is a sheet metal structure beam, and the weight is 124kg. The integrally cast balanced suspension beam based on the material topology comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.05% of Cu, 0.15% of Fe, 0.45% of Mg, 0.40% of Mn, 7.2% of Si, 0.25% of Ti, 0.028% of Sr, 0.05% of Zn, 0.15% of RE and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The molding process is metal mold gravity casting. The heat treatment specification of the casting is 535 ℃ -540 ℃ multiplied by 6h solid solution, 10min-12min water quenching and 170 ℃ -175 ℃ multiplied by 6h aging, the detection mechanical properties of the body are 351MPa of tensile strength, 263MPa of yield strength, 5.4% of elongation and 91MPa of median fatigue strength. FEA analysis results show that the maximum main stress of the aluminum alloy beam is 85MPa,91MPa:85Mpa is approximately equal to 1.07 and is more than 1.05, and the requirement of the design safety criterion of the balanced suspension beam is met. The safety coefficient criterion of the aluminum alloy balanced suspension cross beam is as follows: the maximum principal stress is > 1.05. The following advantages can be obtained by the above technique: the failure of the casting, particularly the failure mode of the aluminum alloy casting, is fatigue failure mostly, and the reliability of the balanced suspension beam casting can be effectively ensured by adopting the safety coefficient criterion used by the method in combination with the development experience of the ductile iron beam in the early stage. The heat treatment process can effectively improve the yield strength and the elongation of the casting body, and is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of mechanical properties
The chemical composition formula and the manufacturing method have the following advantages: 1) The smaller content range of Mg can ensure that the performance of the material after heat treatment is more stable; 2) The local extrusion process can ensure that the maximum stress part is free from defects, and the elongation of the body of the V-shaped pushing ball head mounting bolt hole part can reach more than 5 percent, so that the connection strength can be improved by adopting extrusion threads or self-tapping threads; 3) The heat treatment process can effectively improve the yield strength and the elongation of the casting body.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and other implementations of the present invention are possible, and it should be noted that any obvious substitutions or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but that many variations are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Here, it should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, the present specification may be embodied in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims.
The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, and numbers disclosed to describe aspects of the specification and claims are examples only, and thus, the specification and claims are not limited to the details shown. In the following description, when a detailed description of related known functions or configurations is determined to unnecessarily obscure the focus of the present specification and claims, the detailed description will be omitted.
Where the terms "comprising", "having" and "including" are used in this specification, there may be another part or parts unless otherwise stated, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also refer to the plural.
It should be noted that although the terms "first," "second," "top," "bottom," "side," "other," "end," "other end," and the like may be used and used in this specification to describe various components, these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or section from another element or section. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, with the top and bottom elements being interchangeable or switchable with one another, where appropriate, without departing from the scope of the present description; the components at one end and the other end may be of the same or different properties to each other.
In addition, in constituting the components, although there is no explicit description thereof, it is understood that a certain error region is necessarily included. In describing positional relationships, for example, when positional sequences are described as being "on.. Above", "over.. Below", "below", and "next", unless such words or terms are used as "exactly" or "directly", they may include cases where there is no contact or contact therebetween. If a first element is referred to as being "on" a second element, that does not mean that the first element must be above the second element in the figures. The upper and lower portions of the member will change depending on the angle of view and the change in orientation. Thus, in the drawings or in actual construction, if a first element is referred to as being "on" a second element, it can be said that the first element is "under" the second element and the first element is "over" the second element. In describing temporal relationships, unless "exactly" or "directly" is used, the descriptions of "after", "subsequently", and "before" may include instances where there is no discontinuity between steps.
The features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or fully combined or spliced with each other and performed in a variety of different configurations as would be well understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the present invention may be performed independently of each other, or may be performed together in an interdependent relationship.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that the remaining detailed descriptions are related to the prior art, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an integrative casting formula aluminum alloy balanced suspension crossbeam based on material topology which characterized in that: the cross beam comprises a cross beam body (1), wherein longitudinal beam mounting plates (2) used for being connected with a frame longitudinal beam are arranged at two ends of the cross beam body (1), and a suspension mounting plate (3) used for being connected with a balance suspension is arranged at the bottom of the cross beam body (1); two inner concave surfaces are arranged on one side of the beam body (1), a group of V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses (4) for mounting a V-shaped thrust rod are arranged in each inner concave surface, and the V-shaped pushing fixed support mounting bosses (4) and the beam body (1) are integrally cast;
the crossbeam body (1) comprises a first body (1.1) and a second body (1.2), the first body (1.1) is of a pot-shaped structure, and a rhombic hollow cavity (1.11) is formed in the middle of the first body (1.1); the second body (1.2) is of an X-shaped structure, and the second body (1.2) is provided with two through holes (1.21); a hollow hole (1.3) which penetrates through the two side walls is arranged between the first body (1.1) and the second body (1.2).
2. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 1, wherein: every group V pushes away fixing support installation boss (4) and includes first installation boss (4.1) and second installation boss (4.2), first installation boss (4.1) and second installation boss (4.2) are arranged relatively and are formed the contained angle that is used for the cooperation installation V type distance rod.
3. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 2, characterized in that: a first mounting hole (4.11) is formed in the first mounting boss (4.1), and a second mounting hole (4.21) is formed in the second mounting boss (4.2); the first mounting hole (4.11) and the second mounting hole (4.21) are matched for mounting the V-shaped thrust rod.
4. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: a plurality of drain holes (1.12) are formed in the rhombic hollow cavity (1.11) of the first body (1.1), and the drain holes (1.12) penetrate through the bottom of the rhombic hollow cavity (1.11) and extend downwards to penetrate through the through holes (1.21) of the second body (1.2).
5. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the middle parts of two sides of the beam body (1) are provided with valve body installation parts (5) for installing valve bodies; v pushes away fixing support installation boss (4) and sets up the both sides in valve body installation department (5).
6. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the chemical components of the material are as follows by mass percent: 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.19 percent of Fe, 0.40 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.35 to 0.45 percent of Mn, 6.8 to 7.5 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Ti, 0.025 to 0.035 percent of Sr, 0 to 0.07 percent of Zn, 0.10 to 0.16 percent of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
7. The integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on material topology of claim 6, characterized in that: the chemical components of the material are as follows by mass percent: 0.02 to 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.42 to 0.48 percent of Mg, 0.38 to 0.42 percent of Mn, 6.9 to 7.3 percent of Si, 0.22 to 0.28 percent of Ti, 0.028 to 0.032 percent of Sr, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.12 to 0.14 percent of RE, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
8. The manufacturing method of the integrally cast aluminum alloy balanced suspension beam based on the material topology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: double inlet gates are adopted, the inlet gates are 60-70 mm in diameter, the mold filling and liquid raising pressure rate is 6-7 mbar/s, the mold filling time is 40-50 s, the mold filling pressure is 300-350 mbar, the pressurization pressure is 800-850 mbar, and the pressure maintaining time is 180-200 s.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: local extrusion is adopted at the mounting boss (4) of the V-shaped pushing fixing support, and the extrusion part is ensured to be crystallized under the casting pressure of 80-90 Mpa.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the heat treatment process comprises the steps of firstly carrying out solid solution at the temperature of 530-540 ℃ for 6-6.5 h, then carrying out water quenching for 10-12 min, and finally carrying out heat preservation at the temperature of 175-185 ℃ for 6-6.5 h.
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| CN202210423810.2A CN114633803B (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Integrally cast balance suspension beam based on material topology and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114633803A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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