CN114624597A - Method and device for estimating service life of power battery - Google Patents
Method and device for estimating service life of power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114624597A CN114624597A CN202011463658.8A CN202011463658A CN114624597A CN 114624597 A CN114624597 A CN 114624597A CN 202011463658 A CN202011463658 A CN 202011463658A CN 114624597 A CN114624597 A CN 114624597A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for estimating the service life of a power battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries; calculating monomer SOH values corresponding to the power battery monomers based on the monomer attenuation model according to the temperature; calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer according to the temperature; calculating initial whole package SOH values of the whole package of power batteries according to the single SOH values and the electric quantity, and acquiring ampere-hour values of the initial whole package SOH values; calculating a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained actually-measured whole package SOH value; according to the corrected SOH value of the whole package and the ampere-hour value of each corrected SOH value of the whole package, performing parameter identification on the monomer attenuation model to generate a whole package attenuation model; and estimating the estimated SOH value of the whole power battery pack based on the whole pack attenuation model. By the method, the accuracy of the estimated SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a method and a device for estimating the service life of a power battery.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy technologies, power batteries are used as energy storage devices of equipment in more and more fields, however, the performance of the power batteries gradually decreases with the increase of application time, so that the use experience is worse and worse, and therefore it is necessary to accurately estimate the service life of the power batteries.
Most of the existing estimation methods for the service life of the power battery are based on specific working conditions, and the state of the power battery cannot be reflected, so that the estimation effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for estimating the service life of a power battery, which are used for overcoming at least one technical problem in the prior art.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating a lifetime of a power battery, including: acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries;
calculating a monomer SOH value corresponding to each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the temperature;
calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer according to the temperature of each power battery monomer and based on an extended Kalman filtering formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model;
calculating initial whole package SOH values corresponding to the whole package of power batteries according to the single SOH values and the electric quantity, and acquiring first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively;
calculating corrected whole package SOH values of the whole package power battery based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained actual measured whole package SOH value, wherein one corrected whole package SOH value corresponds to one first safety value;
according to the corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the corrected whole packet SOH values respectively, performing parameter identification on the monomer attenuation model to generate a whole packet attenuation model;
and estimating the estimated SOH value of the whole package of power batteries based on the whole package attenuation model.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries includes:
calculating the heat production of each power battery monomer according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
in the formula, q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current of each power battery cell at the moment i, R0,iAnd R1,iResistance values of two resistors of a first-order equivalent circuit model of each power battery monomer at the moment i are obtained;
calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the following formula according to the heat production of each power battery monomer;
in the formula, T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the density of each power battery, CpIs the constant voltage heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
Optionally, the step of calculating the SOH value corresponding to each power battery cell based on a preset cell attenuation model according to the temperature includes:
acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer and a second safety value of each power battery monomer at the temperature;
according to the temperature and the second safety value, calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i based on the following formula;
in the formula, QiThe capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i is shown, A is the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery monomer, TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiSetting the ampere hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i moment, setting Ea as the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and setting z as the preset parameter of each power battery monomer;
calculating the single SOH value of each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i;
in the formula, SOHcellIs the single SOH value, Q of each power batteryiI is 1, 2.. times.n, which is the capacity loss of each power cell unit at time i.
Optionally, the step of calculating an initial whole pack SOH value corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity includes:
calculating the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity based on the following formula;
Cpack＝min(SOC·C)+min((1-SOC)·C)
wherein, CpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is obtained, SOC is the electric quantity, and C is the monomer capacity, wherein the monomer capacity C is equal to the product of the corrected monomer SOH value and the rated capacity of each power battery monomer;
calculating a plurality of initial whole pack SOH values corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula according to the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries;
wherein，SOHpackIs the initial whole packet SOH value, CpackIs the capacity of the whole power battery, CTpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is the rated capacity C of each power battery in parallel connectionTAnd (4) summing.
Optionally, the step of calculating a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained actual measured whole package SOH value includes:
acquiring an actually measured whole pack SOH value obtained by actual measurement of the whole pack power battery;
calculating a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package of power batteries according to the initial whole package SOH value and the actually measured whole package SOH value and based on a preset correction formula;
in the formula, SOHk,modFor the corrected SOH value, Ah of the whole pack of power batteries at the time kkThe accumulated ampere-hour data from the starting time to the k time, and Ah is the total ampere-hour data from the starting time to the correction time, wherein the starting time is the previous correction time, SOHpackThe initial whole package SOH value, SOH, of the whole package of power cells at time k before correctionactAn actual measurement whole pack SOH value obtained by the actual measurement of the whole pack of power batteries, error represents SOHactAnd SOHpackThe error between.
Optionally, the step of performing parameter identification on the single attenuation model according to the corrected whole packet SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected whole packet SOH value, to generate a whole packet attenuation model includes:
and correcting a capacity loss coefficient A, activation energy Ea of battery monomer attenuation and a preset parameter z in the monomer attenuation model according to at least three corrected whole package SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the at least three corrected whole package SOH values to obtain a whole package attenuation model.
Optionally, the step of estimating an estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model includes:
estimating an estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model as follows;
in the formula, SOHbagFor the estimated whole package SOH value, Q of the whole package power batteryiAnd i is 1,2, a.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an estimation apparatus for power battery life, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the SOH value corresponding to each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the temperature;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer based on an extended Kalman filtering formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model according to the temperature of each power battery monomer;
the third calculation module is used for calculating initial whole package SOH values corresponding to the whole package power battery according to the single SOH values and the electric quantity, and acquiring first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively;
a fourth calculation module, configured to calculate, according to the initial whole packet SOH value and the obtained actual measured whole packet SOH value, a corrected whole packet SOH value of the whole packet power battery based on a preset correction formula, where one corrected whole packet SOH value corresponds to one first ampere-hour value;
the generating module is used for carrying out parameter identification on the monomer attenuation model according to the corrected whole package SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected whole package SOH value to generate a whole package attenuation model;
and the estimation module is used for estimating the estimated SOH value of the whole package of power batteries based on the whole package attenuation model.
Optionally, the obtaining module specifically includes:
the first calculation submodule is used for calculating the heat generation of each power battery monomer according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
in the formula, q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current of each power battery cell at the moment i, R0,iAnd R1,iResistance values of two resistors of a first-order equivalent circuit model of each power battery monomer at the moment i are obtained;
the second calculation submodule is used for calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the following formula according to the heat production of each power battery monomer;
in the formula, T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the density of each power battery, CpIs the constant-pressure heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
Optionally, the first computing module specifically includes:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the temperature of each power battery monomer and a second safety value of each power battery monomer at the temperature;
the third calculation submodule is used for calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i according to the temperature and the second safety value and based on the following formula;
in the formula, QiThe capacity loss of each power battery cell at the moment i is shown as A, the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery cell is shown as TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiSetting the ampere hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i moment, setting Ea as the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and setting z as the preset parameter of each power battery monomer;
the fourth calculation submodule is used for calculating the SOH value of each power battery monomer according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i and based on a preset monomer attenuation model;
in the formula, SOHcellIs the single SOH value, Q of each power batteryiI is 1, 2.. times.n, which is the capacity loss of each power cell unit at time i.
Optionally, the third computing module specifically includes:
the fifth calculation submodule is used for calculating the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity based on the following formula;
Cpack＝min(SOC·C)+min((1-SOC)·C)
wherein, CpackIs the capacity of the whole power battery pack, SOC is the electric quantity, and C isThe single body capacity C is equal to the product of the corrected single body SOH value and the rated capacity of each power battery single body;
the sixth calculating submodule is used for calculating a plurality of initial whole pack SOH values corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries on the basis of the following formula according to the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries;
wherein, SOHpackIs the initial whole packet SOH value, CpackIs the capacity of the whole power battery, CTpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is the rated capacity C of each parallel power batteryTAnd (4) summing.
Optionally, the fourth calculating module specifically includes:
the second obtaining submodule is used for obtaining an actually measured whole pack SOH value obtained by actual measurement of the whole pack of power batteries;
the seventh calculation submodule is used for calculating a corrected whole pack SOH value of the whole pack power battery according to the initial whole pack SOH value and the actually measured whole pack SOH value and based on a preset correction formula;
in the formula, SOHk,modThe corrected SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries at the time k is AhkThe accumulated ampere-hour data from the starting time to the k time, and Ah is the total ampere-hour data from the starting time to the correction time, wherein the starting time is the previous correction time, SOHpackThe initial whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries at the k moment before correction，SOHactAn actual measurement whole pack SOH value obtained by the actual measurement of the whole pack of power batteries, error represents SOHactAnd SOHpackThe error between.
Optionally, the generating module is specifically configured to correct the capacity loss coefficient a, the activation energy Ea of the cell attenuation, and the preset parameter z in the cell attenuation model according to the at least three corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the at least three corrected whole packet SOH values, so as to obtain a whole packet attenuation model.
Optionally, the estimation module is specifically configured to estimate an estimated entire pack SOH value of the entire pack of power batteries based on the entire pack attenuation model as follows;
in the formula, SOHbagFor the estimated whole package SOH value, Q of the whole package power batteryiAnd i is 1,2, a.
The innovation points of the embodiment of the invention comprise:
1. and calculating the real-time SOH value of the single power battery according to the temperature of each single power battery in the whole package of power batteries, and calculating the single electric quantity of the single power battery according to the temperature so as to calculate the initial whole package SOH value of the whole package of power batteries based on the single SOH value and the electric quantity. The current temperature of the single power battery is considered in the calculation of the single SOH value and the initial whole packet SOH value, so that the estimated whole packet SOH value estimated based on the initial whole packet SOH value is more accurate, and the method is one of the innovation points of the embodiment of the invention.
2. Obtaining an error value according to the calculated series of initial whole packet SOH values and an actually measured whole packet SOH value obtained by actual measurement, and further correcting the calculated series of initial whole packet SOH values based on the error value to obtain a corrected whole packet SOH value; next, based on the corrected whole package SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected whole package SOH value, the parameter identification is performed on the single attenuation model, and a whole package attenuation model for estimating the estimated whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery is generated, so that the estimated whole package SOH value calculated by the whole package attenuation model is closer to the actual situation more and more, which is one of the innovation points of the embodiment of the invention.
3. The method comprises the steps of calculating the heat generation of the power battery monomers through the current of each power battery monomer in the whole power battery pack, further calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the heat generation of the battery monomers, and using the calculated temperature to calculate the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer because the temperature can reflect the state of the power battery monomer, so that the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer are considered, the accuracy of the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer is improved, and the method is one of the innovation points of the embodiment of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for estimating the lifetime of a power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the process of step 100 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the processing flow of step 102 in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the process of step 106 in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the process of step 108 in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an estimation device for power battery life according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof in the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements recited, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for estimating the service life of a power battery. The following are detailed descriptions.
The invention provides a method for estimating the service life of a power battery, and referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a processing flow diagram of the method for estimating the service life of a power battery. As shown in fig. 1, the method for estimating the lifetime of the power battery includes the following steps:
and step 100, acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries.
In the step, the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole power battery pack can be obtained, and the temperature can reflect the state of the power battery, so that the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer can be calculated based on the temperature, the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer can be considered to influence caused by different temperatures, and the accuracy of the SOH value and the electric quantity of each power battery monomer can be improved.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a processing flow of step 100 in the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, step 100 may specifically include the following sub-steps:
substep 11, calculating heat generation of each power battery monomer based on formula (1) according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries;
in the formula (1), q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current, R, of each power cell at time i0,iAnd R1,iAnd the resistance values of the two resistors of the first-order equivalent circuit model of each power battery monomer at the moment i are obtained.
Specifically, the heat generation of each power battery cell is calculated based on the formula (1) according to the current and the resistance value of each power battery cell, so that the temperature of each power battery cell is calculated based on the heat generation of the battery cell.
Substep 12, calculating the temperature of each power battery cell based on formula (2) according to the heat generated by each power battery cell;
in formula (2), T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the density of each power battery, CpIs the constant voltage heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
Specifically, the heat generation of each power battery cell calculated according to the formula (1) can be calculated based on the formula (2) to calculate the temperature of each power battery cell in the whole pack of batteries, and further, the SOH value of each power battery cell is calculated based on the temperature of each power battery cell through the subsequent steps.
And 102, calculating the SOH value corresponding to each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the temperature.
In this step, the individual SOH value corresponding to each power battery cell may be calculated based on a preset individual damping model according to the temperature of each power battery cell in the entire package of power batteries obtained in step 100, so as to calculate the initial entire package SOH value of the entire package of power batteries based on the individual SOH value.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a processing flow of step 102 in the present invention, where step 102 specifically includes:
and a substep 21 of obtaining the temperature of each power battery cell and a second safety value of each power battery cell at the temperature.
Specifically, the temperature of each power battery cell in the whole pack battery can be acquired, and the ampere-hour value of each power battery cell at the temperature can be acquired, and for convenience of understanding, the ampere-hour value of each power battery cell at the temperature is recorded as the second ampere-hour value.
Substep 22, calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i based on a formula (3) according to the temperature and the second safety value;
in the formula (3), QiThe capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i is shown as A, the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery monomer is shown as TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiAnd the ampere-hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i moment, Ea is the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and z is a preset parameter of each power battery monomer.
Specifically, since the substep 21 has already obtained the temperature of each power battery cell and the second safety value, in this step, the capacity loss of each power battery cell at a certain time (i time) can be calculated based on the formula (3), so that the cell SOH value of each power battery cell can be calculated based on the capacity loss at a certain time.
Substep 23, calculating a single SOH value of each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i;
in the formula (4), SOHcellIs the single SOH value, Q of each power batteryiAnd i is 1,2, the.
Specifically, the capacity loss of each power battery cell at a certain time (i time) calculated in substep 22 is added up to calculate the cell SOH value of each power battery cell based on equation (4).
It will be appreciated that the calculated individual SOH values are in real time.
And 104, calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer according to the temperature of each power battery monomer and based on an extended Kalman filtering formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model.
In this step, the electric quantity of each power battery cell can be calculated based on an extended kalman filter formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model according to the temperature of each power battery cell by the following formula.
Specifically, in a first step, a priori values are generated.
U1,k＝U1,k-1·ak-1-R1,k-1·Ik-1·(1-ak-1) (7)
Vmdl,k＝OCVmdl,k+Ik·R0,k-U1,k (8)
Wherein, the formula (5) is used for calculating ampere-hour integral, the formula (6) is used for first-order equivalent circuit model parameter table look-up, wherein the temperature T of each power battery monomer is includedkEquation (7) is used to calculate the polarization voltage, equation (8) is used to calculate the cell voltage, and equation (9) is used to calculate the relaxation factor during polarization.
In the formulae (5) to (9), Ik-1Δ t is the value of the current at time k-1k-1Sampling time interval at k-1 moment, SOC is the electric quantity state of each power battery monomer, U1Is a polarization voltage, Vmdl,kThe voltage of the battery calculated for the time k, akRelaxation factor, R, of the polarization process at time k0,kIs an equivalent circuit series resistance at the time of k, R1,kThe equivalent circuit parallel resistance at the moment k, τ is the relaxation time of the polarization voltage, and OCV is the open-circuit voltage of the battery.
The calculation formulas of formulas (5) to (9) are written in the form of state equations of the following formula (10) and formula (11).
Xk+1＝AkXk+BkUk (10)
Yk＝CkXk+DkUk (11)
In the formula (10) and the formula (11), AkIs a state matrix, BkAs an input matrix, CkTo output a matrix, DkFor a direct transition matrix, k is the time instant. Wherein, U1,k+1＝ak·U1,k-R1,k·(1-ak)·Ik， Vmdl,k-OCVmdl,k＝U1,k+R0,k·IkThus, in the formula (10), Xk＝U1,k，Uk＝Ik，Ak＝ak， Bk＝R1,k·(1-ak)，Ck＝1，Dk＝R0,k，Yk＝Vmdl,k-OCVmdl,k。
Second, generate an error Ek。
Ek＝Vexp,k-Vmdl,k (12)
In the formula (12), Vexp,kMeasured voltage value of each power battery monomer at the time k, EkAnd the error between the voltage test value and the calculated value of each power battery cell is obtained.
Thirdly, calculating to generate a feedback gain coefficient L based on a Kalman filtering principlek。
In the formula (13), Ak-1＝1，∑wIs a constant.
In equation (15), ΣvIs a constant.
In the formula (16), LkIn order to be the gain factor,
to estimate covariance, CkThe matrix of the Jacobian is obtained,
is updated for the estimated covariance.
And fourthly, calculating the SOC to perform posterior correction.
In the formula (17), the reaction mixture,
is a priori SOC obtained by ampere-hour integration,
the SOC is obtained by correcting the prior SOC through a gain coefficient and an error of Kalman filtering, and the final electric quantity SOC of each power battery monomer at the time of k is obtained.
It can be seen that the temperature T of each power battery cell is determined according to the temperature T of each power battery cellkThrough the formulas (5) to (17), the electric quantity of each power battery can be calculated, the calculated electric quantity is more in line with the actual situation in consideration of different temperatures of each power battery, and the accuracy is higher.
And 106, calculating an initial whole package SOH value corresponding to the whole package of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity, and acquiring first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively.
In this step, an initial whole package SOH value corresponding to the whole package of power batteries may be calculated according to the calculated SOH value and electric quantity of the power battery cell of the whole package of power batteries, it should be noted that each initial whole package SOH value corresponds to a first safety value, and in this step, first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively need to be obtained.
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic processing flow diagram of step 106 in the present invention, and the processing step of "calculating an initial whole pack SOH value corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity" in step 106 may specifically include:
substep 31, calculating the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries based on a formula (18) according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity;
Cpack＝min(SOC·C)+min((1-SOC)·C) (18)
in the formula (18), CpackAnd calculating the capacity of the whole power battery pack, wherein SOC is the electric quantity, and C is the monomer capacity, wherein the monomer capacity C is equal to the product of the corrected monomer SOH value and the rated capacity of each power battery monomer.
Substep 32, calculating a plurality of initial whole pack SOH values corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries based on a formula (19) according to the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries;
in the formula (19), SOHpackIs the initial whole packet SOH value, CpackTo the capacity of the whole pack of power cells, CTpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is the rated capacity C of each power battery in parallel connectionTAnd (4) summing.
Note that, since the voltage of the battery pack is increased when the unit batteries are connected in series and the capacity of the battery pack is increased when the unit batteries are connected in parallel, C isTpackNamely the rated capacity of the whole power battery pack. If all the single batteries are connected in series (such as 1p96s, which is 1 and 96 series battery packs), the single capacity is equal to the battery capacity, the invention only considers the series connection of the batteries, and if the single batteries are connected in parallel, the parallel connection single batteries are considered as a whole for analysis.
And 108, calculating a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained actually-measured whole package SOH value.
Wherein a modified whole packet SOH value corresponds to one of the first safety values.
In this step, a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package of power batteries may be calculated based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained measured whole package SOH value, so that parameter identification is performed on the single attenuation model according to the corrected whole package SOH value to generate a whole package attenuation model.
It should be noted that the initial whole package of SOH values includes a series of SOH values, and each SOH value corresponds to one ampere-hour value.
Optionally, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic processing flow diagram of step 108 in the present invention, and step 108 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
and a substep 41 of obtaining an actually measured whole pack SOH value obtained by actual measurement of the whole pack of power batteries.
It should be noted that, here, only the actual measurement whole package SOH value obtained by the actual measurement of at least one whole package power battery needs to be obtained, and the actual measurement whole package SOH value is only used for correcting the initial whole package SOH value and calculating the corrected whole package SOH value.
A substep 42, calculating a corrected whole pack SOH value of the whole pack power battery based on the following preset correction formula according to the initial whole pack SOH value and the measured whole pack SOH value;
in the formula (20) and the formula (21), SOHk,modFor the corrected SOH value, Ah of the whole pack of power batteries at the time kkThe accumulated ampere-hour data from the starting time to the k time, and Ah the total ampere-hour data from the starting time to the correction time, wherein the starting time is the previous correction time, SOHpackThe initial whole package SOH value, SOH, of the whole package of power cells at time k before correctionactAn actual measurement whole pack SOH value obtained by the actual measurement of the whole pack power battery, error represents SOHactAnd SOHpackThe error between.
And 110, performing parameter identification on the single attenuation model according to the corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the corrected whole packet SOH values respectively to generate a whole packet attenuation model.
In this step, the parameter identification may be performed on the single attenuation model based on the corrected whole package SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected whole package SOH value, that is, the key parameter of the single attenuation model is corrected, and the corrected single attenuation model is used as the whole package attenuation model, so that the whole package attenuation model is used subsequently to estimate the estimated whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery.
Optionally, step 110 specifically includes:
and correcting a capacity loss coefficient A, activation energy Ea of battery monomer attenuation and a preset parameter z in the monomer attenuation model according to at least three corrected whole package SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the at least three corrected whole package SOH values to obtain a whole package attenuation model.
Specifically, first, according to at least three calculated corrected SOH values of the whole package and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected SOH value of the whole package, then, the capacity loss coefficient a, the activation energy Ea of the cell attenuation, and the preset parameter z in the cell attenuation model shown in the formula (3) and the formula (4) are taken as unknowns, the correction values of the three parameters are recalculated, and finally, the recalculated correction values of the three parameters are substituted into the formula (3) and the formula (4) again to generate the whole package attenuation model.
And step 112, estimating the estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model.
In the step, the estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack power battery is estimated based on the generated whole pack attenuation model according to the capacity loss of the whole pack power battery, and the whole pack attenuation model considers the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack power battery and the correction of the actually measured whole pack SOH value, so that the estimated whole pack power battery has high accuracy of the estimated whole pack SOH value, is closer to the actual condition, can reflect the state of the power battery, and has ideal estimation effect.
Therefore, the method for estimating the service life of the power battery can consider the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole power battery pack, the used whole-pack attenuation model for estimating the estimated whole-pack SOH value of the whole-pack power battery is the correction of the actually measured whole-pack SOH value, and the temperature of the power battery monomer is determined according to the heat generated by the monomer, so that the estimated whole-pack SOH value estimated by the whole-pack attenuation model is more accurate and closer to the actual condition, can reflect the state of the power battery, and has more ideal estimation effect.
The method for estimating the service life of the power battery provided by the invention can be applied to equipment using the battery as an energy storage unit, and can also be applied to service life prediction of the power battery of electric energy equipment such as a new energy automobile, an energy storage system and the like.
It should be further noted that the mileage life of the new energy vehicle can be predicted by mapping the Ah data and the mileage data correspondingly.
The invention provides a device for estimating the service life of a power battery, and referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for estimating the service life of a power battery according to the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the power battery life estimation device 60 includes:
the obtaining module 601 is used for obtaining the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole power battery pack;
a first calculating module 602, configured to calculate, according to the temperature, an SOH value corresponding to each power battery cell based on a preset cell attenuation model;
the second calculating module 603 is configured to calculate, according to the temperature of each power battery cell, an electric quantity of each power battery cell based on an extended kalman filter formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model;
a third calculating module 604, configured to calculate an initial whole package SOH value corresponding to the whole package of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity, and obtain a first safety value corresponding to each initial whole package SOH value;
a fourth calculating module 605, configured to calculate, according to the initial whole packet SOH value and the obtained actual measured whole packet SOH value, a corrected whole packet SOH value of the whole packet power battery based on a preset correction formula, where one corrected whole packet SOH value corresponds to one first ampere-hour value;
a generating module 606, configured to perform parameter identification on the single attenuation model according to the corrected whole packet SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each corrected whole packet SOH value, so as to generate a whole packet attenuation model;
and the estimation module 607 is used for estimating the estimated SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model.
Optionally, the obtaining module 601 specifically includes:
the first calculation submodule is used for calculating the heat generation of each power battery monomer according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
in the formula, q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current of each power battery cell at the moment i, R0,iAnd R1,iResistance values of two resistors of a first-order equivalent circuit model of each power battery monomer at the moment i are obtained;
the second calculation submodule is used for calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the following formula according to the heat production of each power battery monomer;
in the formula, T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the density of each power battery, CpIs the constant voltage heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
Optionally, the first calculating module 602 specifically includes:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the temperature of each power battery monomer and a second safety value of each power battery monomer at the temperature;
the third calculation submodule is used for calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i according to the temperature and the second safety value and based on the following formula;
in the formula, QiThe capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i is shown, A is the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery monomer, TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiSetting the ampere hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i moment, setting Ea as the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and setting z as the preset parameter of each power battery monomer;
the fourth calculation submodule is used for calculating the single SOH value of each power battery monomer according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i and based on a preset monomer attenuation model;
in the formula, SOHcellIs the single SOH value, Q of each power batteryiI is 1, 2.. times.n, which is the capacity loss of each power cell unit at time i.
Optionally, the third calculating module 604 specifically includes:
the fifth calculation submodule is used for calculating the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity and based on the following formula;
Cpack＝min(SOC·C)+min((1-SOC)·C)
wherein, CpackIs the whole package powerThe battery capacity, SOC is the electric quantity, and C is the monomer capacity, wherein the monomer capacity C is equal to the product of the corrected monomer SOH value and the rated capacity of each power battery monomer;
the sixth calculating submodule is used for calculating a plurality of initial whole pack SOH values corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula according to the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries;
wherein, SOHpackFor said initial whole package SOH value, CpackIs the capacity of the whole power battery, CTpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is the rated capacity C of each power battery in parallel connectionTAnd (4) summing.
Optionally, the fourth calculating module 605 specifically includes:
the second obtaining submodule is used for obtaining an actually measured whole pack SOH value obtained by actual measurement of the whole pack of power batteries;
the seventh calculation submodule is used for calculating a corrected whole pack SOH value of the whole pack power battery according to the initial whole pack SOH value and the actually measured whole pack SOH value and based on a preset correction formula;
in the formula, SOHk,modFor the corrected SOH value, Ah of the whole pack of power batteries at the time kkThe accumulated ampere-hour data from the starting time to the k time, and Ah is the total ampere-hour data from the starting time to the correction time, wherein the starting time is the previous correction time, SOHpackBefore correction, the whole package is movedSaid initial full package SOH value, SOH, of the force cell at time kactAn actual measurement whole package SOH value obtained for the whole package of power battery actual measurement, error represents SOHactAnd SOHpackThe error between.
Optionally, the generating module 606 is specifically configured to correct the capacity loss coefficient a, the activation energy Ea of the cell attenuation, and the preset parameter z in the cell attenuation model according to at least three corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety value corresponding to the at least three corrected whole packet SOH values, so as to obtain a whole packet attenuation model.
Optionally, the estimation module 607 is specifically configured to estimate an estimated whole packet SOH value of the whole packet of power batteries based on the whole packet attenuation model as follows;
in the formula, SOHbagFor the estimated whole package SOH value, Q of the whole package power batteryiAnd i is 1,2, and n is the capacity loss of the whole power battery pack at the moment i.
Therefore, the whole package attenuation model in the device for estimating the service life of the power battery can consider the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole package of power batteries, correct the actually measured whole package SOH value and determine the temperature of the power battery monomer according to the heat production of the battery monomer, so that the estimated whole package SOH value estimated by the whole package attenuation model is more accurate and closer to the actual situation, can reflect the state of the power battery, and has more ideal estimation effect.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modules in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be located in one or more devices different from the embodiments with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments may be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for estimating the life of a power battery, comprising:
acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries;
calculating monomer SOH values corresponding to the power battery monomers based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the temperature;
calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer according to the temperature of each power battery monomer and based on an extended Kalman filtering formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model;
calculating initial whole package SOH values corresponding to the whole package power batteries according to the single SOH values and the electric quantity, and acquiring first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively;
calculating corrected whole package SOH values of the whole package power battery based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained actually-measured whole package SOH value, wherein one corrected whole package SOH value corresponds to one first safety value;
according to the corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the corrected whole packet SOH values respectively, performing parameter identification on the monomer attenuation model to generate a whole packet attenuation model;
and estimating the estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the temperature of each power battery cell in the whole pack of power batteries comprises:
calculating the heat production of each power battery monomer according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
in the formula, q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current of each power battery cell at the moment i, R0,iAnd R1,iResistance values of two resistors of a first-order equivalent circuit model of each power battery monomer at the moment i are obtained;
calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the following formula according to the heat production of each power battery monomer;
in the formula, T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the cell density of each power battery monomer, CpIs the constant voltage heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the individual SOH value corresponding to each power battery cell based on a preset cell attenuation model according to the temperature comprises:
acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer and a second safety value of each power battery monomer at the temperature;
according to the temperature and the second safety value, calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i based on the following formula;
in the formula, QiThe capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i is shown, A is the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery monomer, TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiSetting the ampere hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i, Ea being the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and z being the preset parameter of each power battery monomer;
calculating the single SOH value of each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i;
in the formula, SOHcellIs the single SOH value, Q of each power batteryiAnd i is 1,2, and n is the capacity loss of each power battery cell at the moment i.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating an initial whole package SOH value corresponding to the whole package of power batteries according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity comprises:
calculating the capacity of the whole power battery pack based on the following formula according to the single SOH value and the electric quantity;
Cpack＝min(SOC·C)+min((1-SOC)·C)
wherein, CpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is represented by SOC and C, wherein the monomer capacity C is the electric quantity, and the likeMultiplying the corrected single SOH value by the rated capacity of each power battery single body;
according to the capacity of the whole pack of power batteries, calculating a plurality of initial whole pack SOH values corresponding to the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
wherein, SOHpackIs the initial whole packet SOH value, CpackIs the capacity of the whole power cell, CTpackThe capacity of the whole power battery pack is the rated capacity C of each power battery in parallel connectionTAnd (4) summing.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package power battery based on a preset correction formula according to the initial whole package SOH value and the obtained measured whole package SOH value comprises:
acquiring an actually measured whole pack SOH value obtained by actual measurement of the whole pack power battery;
calculating a corrected whole package SOH value of the whole package of power batteries according to the initial whole package SOH value and the actually measured whole package SOH value and based on a preset correction formula;
in the formula, SOHk,modFor the corrected SOH value, Ah of the whole pack of power batteries at the time kkThe accumulated ampere-hour data from the starting time to the k time, and Ah is the total ampere-hour data from the starting time to the correction time, wherein the starting time is beforeOne corrected time of day, SOHpackThe initial whole package SOH value, SOH, of the whole package of power cells at time k before correctionactAn actual measurement whole pack SOH value obtained by the actual measurement of the whole pack power battery, error represents SOHactAnd SOHpackThe error between.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of generating the entire package degradation model by performing parameter identification on the single attenuation model according to the modified entire package SOH value and the first safety value corresponding to each modified entire package SOH value comprises:
and correcting a capacity loss coefficient A, activation energy Ea of battery monomer attenuation and a preset parameter z in the monomer attenuation model according to at least three corrected whole package SOH values and the first safety values corresponding to the at least three corrected whole package SOH values to obtain a whole package attenuation model.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of estimating an estimated full pack SOH value for the full pack of power cells based on the full pack attenuation model comprises:
estimating an estimated whole pack SOH value of the whole pack of power batteries based on the whole pack attenuation model as follows;
in the formula, SOHbagFor the estimated whole package SOH value, Q of the whole package power batteryiAnd (3) the capacity loss of the whole pack of power batteries at the moment i is 1, 2.
8. An apparatus for estimating power battery life, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the single SOH value corresponding to each power battery single body based on a preset single body attenuation model according to the temperature;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the electric quantity of each power battery monomer according to the temperature of each power battery monomer and based on an extended Kalman filtering formula of a preset first-order equivalent circuit model;
the third calculation module is used for calculating initial whole package SOH values corresponding to the whole package power battery according to the single SOH values and the electric quantity, and acquiring first safety values corresponding to the initial whole package SOH values respectively;
a fourth calculation module, configured to calculate, according to the initial whole packet SOH value and the obtained actual measured whole packet SOH value, a corrected whole packet SOH value of the whole packet power battery based on a preset correction formula, where one corrected whole packet SOH value corresponds to one first ampere-hour value;
the generating module is used for carrying out parameter identification on the monomer attenuation model according to the corrected whole packet SOH values and the first safety values respectively corresponding to the corrected whole packet SOH values to generate a whole packet attenuation model;
and the estimation module is used for estimating the estimated SOH value of the whole package of power batteries based on the whole package attenuation model.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the obtaining module specifically includes:
the first calculation submodule is used for calculating the heat generation of each power battery monomer according to the current of each power battery monomer in the whole pack of power batteries based on the following formula;
in the formula, q0For the heat production of the individual power cells, IiThe current of each power battery cell at the moment i, R0,iAnd R1,iA first-order equivalent circuit mode of each power battery monomer at the moment iResistance values of two resistors of type;
the second calculation submodule is used for calculating the temperature of each power battery monomer based on the following formula according to the heat production of each power battery monomer;
in the formula, T is the temperature of each power battery cell, AcIs the cross-sectional area of the module, AareaIs the heat exchange area between the single battery in the module and the environment, rho is the density of each power battery, CpIs the constant voltage heat capacity of each power battery monomer, kappa is the heat conductivity coefficient, TambIs the ambient temperature, q0The heat generated by each power battery monomer is generated.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first computing module specifically includes:
the obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the temperature of each power battery monomer and a second safety value of each power battery monomer under the temperature;
the third calculation submodule is used for calculating the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i according to the temperature and the second safety value and based on the following formula;
in the formula, QiThe capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i is shown, A is the capacity loss coefficient of each power battery monomer, TiThe temperature of each power battery monomer at the moment i, AhiSetting the ampere hour value of each power battery monomer at the temperature of T, i moment, setting Ea as the attenuated activation energy of each power battery monomer, and setting z as the preset parameter of each power battery monomer;
the fourth calculation submodule is used for calculating the single SOH value of each power battery monomer based on a preset monomer attenuation model according to the capacity loss of each power battery monomer at the moment i;
in the formula, SOHcellIs the SOH value, Q of each power battery celliAnd i is 1,2, and n is the capacity loss of each power battery cell at the moment i.
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