CN114623096A - Compressor unit in electromagnetic drive mode and starting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode and a start-up method thereof. A compressor unit in electromagnetic drive mode, comprising an inlet device, an outlet device, a moving impeller, a stationary impeller, a casing and a central shaft, the central shaft is fixed inside the casing, the moving impeller and the central shaft are rotatably connected, and the stationary impeller and the central shaft are fixed connection; a plurality of static impellers divide the interior of the casing into a plurality of installation areas, and each installation area is respectively provided with a magnetic drive assembly; the magnetic drive assembly includes a permanent magnet rotor and a plurality of coils, when the coils are connected to alternating current, the permanent magnet rotor generates The magnetic force drives the impeller to rotate, and the magnetic force generated by the adjacent magnetic drive components does not interfere with each other. The invention discloses an electromagnetic drive mode compressor unit and a start-up method thereof, so as to realize the asynchronous operation of the compressor and the turbine, realize the independent control of the rotational speed of the blades of the compressor at all levels, increase the surge margin, and ensure the adaptability to the low-power operation. operating efficiency.

Description

Compressor unit in electromagnetic drive mode and starting method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ship gas turbines, in particular to a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode and a start-up method thereof.

Background technique

The prior art gas turbine is mainly composed of compressor, impeller shaft, connecting shaft, combustion chamber, gas turbine, turbine shaft and other main components, and the impeller shaft of the compressor is connected together by the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft. When the compressor starts from a standstill, an external starter is required, and the compressor is driven by the starter, so that the compressor can inhale air from the atmosphere and compress it; the compressed air enters the combustion chamber and is mixed with the fuel injected into the combustion chamber and then combusted It becomes high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas then flows into the gas turbine to expand and do work, which drives the impeller in the gas turbine to rotate. The turbine rotates together with the compressor impeller shaft through the connecting shaft, so that the compressor can be driven by the turbine. Continuous rotation, at this time the compressed gas The engine and the turbine rotate coaxially at the same speed.

Because the change of the load speed of the single-shaft gas turbine directly affects the speed of the turbine, that is, the speed of the compressor, and when operating at low operating conditions, the inlet air flow of the compressor decreases, the airflow angle of attack increases, and the airflow separation occurs at the back of the compressor blade. As a result, the compressor blades are stalled. When the number of stalled blades reaches a certain level, the entire compressor flow channel will be blocked, and the high-pressure gas behind has a tendency to backwash. When the compressed air flow of the compressor is not enough to overcome the high-pressure gas behind When the backflushing occurs, the airflow will flow backwards. The backflow will eliminate the pressure difference between the front and rear of the gas and restore the ability of the gas to flow forward, but a large stall area will appear immediately, so that the high-pressure gas behind will rush back again. This reciprocation will cause air in the compressor. Axial flow oscillations, also known as surges. That is, the strong vibration of the parts and the overheating of the hot end will cause serious damage to the parts in a very short period of time.

Because the compressor and turbine rotate coaxially at the same speed, the speed of the blades at all levels of the compressor is the same, and the speed of the compressor blades cannot be adjusted by itself. When running at low operating conditions, the speed of the blades at all levels of the compressor is the same, resulting in the compressor surging. Insufficient vibration margin and low efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention discloses a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode and a start-up method thereof, so as to realize the asynchronous operation of the compressor and the turbine, realize the independent control of the rotational speed of the blades of the compressor at all levels, increase the surge margin, and ensure the adaptability to the low-frequency operation. operating efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

An electromagnetic drive mode compressor unit, comprising an inlet device, an outlet device, a plurality of moving impellers, a plurality of stationary impellers, a casing and a central shaft, the central shaft is fixed inside the casing, a plurality of the moving impellers and a plurality of The stationary impellers are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft, the movable impeller is rotatably connected to the central shaft, the movable impeller is made of magnetic material, and the stationary impeller is fixedly connected to the central shaft; The impeller divides the interior of the casing into a plurality of installation areas, each of the installation areas is provided with a magnetic drive assembly, and the magnetic drive assembly can drive the corresponding moving impeller to rotate;

The magnetic drive assembly includes a permanent magnet rotor and a plurality of coils, the plurality of coils are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet rotor, and the coils and the permanent magnet rotor are fixedly connected;

When the coil is connected to alternating current, the permanent magnet rotor generates magnetic force to drive the impeller to rotate, and the magnetic forces generated by adjacent magnetic drive components do not interfere with each other.

Further, the coil is passed through the permanent magnet rotor, and the coil is set in a loop shape.

Further, each of the magnetic drive assemblies is respectively connected with a power supply line.

Further, the moving impeller includes a moving inner hub, a moving outer hub and a moving blade, and the moving blade is fixed between the moving inner hub and the moving outer hub;

The stationary impeller includes a stationary inner hub, a stationary outer hub and a stationary blade, and the stationary blade is fixed between the stationary inner hub and the stationary outer hub;

The extension surfaces of the adjacent stationary blades and the extension surfaces of the moving blades intersect on a straight line.

Further, the permanent magnet rotor is sleeved on the outside of the moving impeller, and a rotation gap is reserved between the permanent magnet rotor and the moving outer hub.

Further, the casing includes a plurality of sub-casings connected in series in sequence, and the connection between the stationary impeller and the casing is covered with the connecting seam of the adjacent sub-casings.

Further, the inlet device includes an inlet hood and an inlet cap, the inlet hood is fixedly connected to the outer casing, the inner diameter of the inlet hood gradually decreases along the flow direction of the air flow, and the inlet cap and the central shaft are fixedly connected , the contact surface of the inlet cap and the airflow is set as an arc surface.

The beneficial effects of a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode disclosed by the present invention: the rotating impeller is driven by the permanent magnet rotor magnetic force to drive the compressor to work, so that the compressor and the turbine can run asynchronously; at the same time, the corresponding The rotating impeller of the compressor can realize asynchronous operation between the moving impellers at all levels of the compressor, so as to improve the operating efficiency of the compressor, adapt to the operation of low working conditions, increase the surge margin, and widen the working range of the compressor.

A method for starting a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode, comprising energizing a coil, a permanent magnet rotor generates a magnetic force to drive a moving impeller to rotate to compress air, and the compressed air is used as the compressed air required for the operation of the gas turbine to continuously drive the permanent magnet rotor to generate Magnetic force, which continuously drives the rotating impeller to maintain the working state of the compressor, without the need for the turbine to drive the compressor to work;

When the air flow into the inlet device is reduced, the speed of the impeller is changed by changing the magnitude of the energizing current of the corresponding group of magnetic drive components.

The electromagnetic drive mode compressor unit and its starting method disclosed by the present invention have the beneficial effects that the rotating impeller is always driven by the magnetic force to drive the compressor to work, and neither an external starter is required to drive the compressor nor a turbine to drive the compressor to work. , so that the compressor can control the speed by itself; at the same time, the turbine does not need to transfer part of the energy to the compressor, so that the speed of the turbine is not easily affected by changes in the load, so as to ensure that the turbine can run at a specific speed and keep the power output of the turbine stable. Improve the overall stability of the gas turbine.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode disclosed in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the compressor unit of the electromagnetic drive mode disclosed by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2 .

In the figure: 1, inlet device; 11, inlet hood; 12, inlet cap; 2, inlet support plate ring; 21, guide vane; 3, shell; 31, sub-shell; 32, installation area; 4, outlet device; 41. Outlet cover; 42. Outlet cap; 5. Center shaft; 61. Moving impeller; 611. Moving inner hub; 612, Moving outer hub; 613, Moving blade; 62, Static impeller; 621, Static inner hub; 622, Static outer hub; 6221, connecting ring; 623, stationary blade; 7, bearing; 8, magnetic drive assembly; 81, permanent magnet rotor; 82, coil.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-3 in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described above are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to FIG. 1 , a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode is installed at the intake end of the combustion chamber, and can pass compressed and supercharged air into the interior of the combustion chamber. The compressor unit includes an inlet device 1, an outlet device 4 and a casing 3, the inlet device 1 and the outlet device 4 are respectively located at two ends of the casing 3, and the outlet device 4 is arranged between the casing 3 and the combustion chamber.

1, an inlet support plate ring 2 is provided between the casing 3 and the inlet device 1, and a plurality of guide vanes 21 are provided on the inlet support plate ring 2, and the plurality of guide vanes 21 are along the circumferential direction of the inlet support plate ring 2, etc. They are arranged at intervals, and under the action of the guide vanes 21 on the inlet support plate ring 2, the gas can enter the inside of the compressor in a prescribed direction.

1 and 2 , in this embodiment, the housing 3 is a split structure, that is, the housing 3 includes a plurality of sub-housings 31 connected in series in sequence, and adjacent sub-housings 31 are connected by flanges. In other embodiments, the housing 3 may also be an integral structure.

2 and 3, the interior of the casing 3 is provided with a central shaft 5, the central shaft 5 and the casing 3 are arranged coaxially, the central shaft 5 and the center of the inlet support plate ring 2 are fixed together, and the radius of the inlet cap 12 is larger than the central shaft. 5 radius. A plurality of moving impellers 61 and a plurality of stationary impellers 62 are arranged on the central shaft 5, with a moving impeller 61 and a stationary impeller 62 as one stage, and the central shaft 5 is sequentially provided with multi-stage impellers along its axis direction, which are located in the same stage. Among the impellers, the moving impeller 61 is arranged on the side close to the inlet device 1 , and the stationary impeller 62 is arranged on the side near the outlet device 4 .

1 and 3, the moving impeller 61 is made of magnetic material, the moving impeller 61 includes a moving inner hub 611, a moving outer hub 612 and a moving blade 613, and the moving blade 613 is fixed between the moving inner hub 611 and the moving outer hub 612. During the time, the moving blades 613 are inclined and arranged, the moving inner hub 611 is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 5, and a bearing 7 is arranged between the moving inner hub 611 and the central shaft 5, and the moving inner hub 611 rotates through the bearing 7 and the central shaft 5 Connection; the stationary impeller 62 includes a stationary inner hub 621, a stationary outer hub 622 and a stationary blade 623, the stationary blade 623 is fixed between the stationary inner hub 621 and the stationary outer hub 622, the stationary blade 623 is inclined, and the extension surface of the stationary blade 623 It intersects with the extended surfaces of the moving blades 613 of the adjacent group on a straight line.

1 and 3 , a connecting ring 6221 is integrally formed on the stationary outer hub 622 of the stationary impeller 62 . The thickness of the connecting ring 6221 is smaller than the thickness of the static outer hub 622 covering the connecting seam of the adjacent sub-shells 31 . The plurality of stationary impellers 62 divide the inner wall surface of the casing 3 into a plurality of installation areas 32 , and the installation areas 32 cover the outside of the movable impeller 61 .

1 and 3, a magnetic drive assembly 8 for driving the rotating impeller 61 is provided inside the casing 3. The magnetic drive assembly 8 is in multiple groups, and the number of groups of the magnetic drive assembly 8 is equal to that of the impeller. The components 8 are respectively connected with power supply lines, so as to realize the independent control of the permanent magnet rotors 81 of each stage, and the asynchronous operation between the impellers of the various stages can be realized. Each set of magnetic drive assemblies 8 includes a permanent magnet rotor 81 and a plurality of coils 82 . The permanent magnet rotor 81 is fixed inside the installation area 32 , and the permanent magnet rotor 81 is arranged in a ring shape. Externally, the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet rotor 81 and the inner wall of the casing 3 are welded, and a rotation gap is reserved between the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet rotor 81 and the outer wall surface of the moving impeller 61 .

1 and 3, a plurality of coils 82 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet rotor 81, each coil 82 includes a plurality of turns, and the turns pass through the permanent magnet rotor 81 and are connected end to end to form a ring, A plurality of annular turns are sleeved together to form a loop-shaped coil 82. When the coil 82 is supplied with alternating current, the direction of the current is parallel to the axis of the permanent magnet rotor 81, and the current directions of the multiple coils 82 are the same; At the same time, when the alternating current is supplied, due to the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, a magnetic field is generated inside the permanent magnet rotor 81, and the magnetic force pushes the moving impeller 61 to rotate, thereby inhaling air from the atmosphere. Meanwhile, a space is reserved between the coil 82 located outside the permanent magnet rotor 81 and the connecting ring 6221, so that the magnetic fields of the impellers of adjacent stages do not interfere with each other.

1 and 3, the inlet device 1 includes an inlet hood 11 and an inlet cap 12, the inlet hood 11 is set in a cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the inlet hood 11 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the gas, and the inlet hood 11 and The inlet support plate ring 2 is connected by a flange. An inlet support plate ring 2 is fixed between the inlet hood 11 and the housing 3 , and the inlet support plate ring 2 is connected to the inlet hood 11 and the housing 3 respectively through a flange. The inlet cap 12 is arranged in a hemispherical shape, the inlet cap 12 is fixed at the center of the inlet support plate ring 2, the setting of the inlet cap 12 does not prevent the gas from passing through the inlet support plate ring 2, and the contact surface of the inlet cap 12 and the airflow is an arc surface, It can realize the split flow of the incoming gas, which is convenient to guide the gas through the inlet support plate ring.

1 and 3 , the outlet device 4 includes an air outlet hood 41 and an outlet cap 42 , the air outlet hood 41 is set in a horn shape, the small mouth end of the air outlet hood 41 is communicated with the combustion chamber, and between the air outlet hood 41 and the casing 3 Connected by flange; the outlet cap 42 is set in a hemispherical shape, the outlet cap 42 is fixed at the center of the large mouth end of the air outlet hood 41 , and the outlet cap 42 is fixedly connected with the central shaft 5 . Through the cooperation of the moving impeller 61 and the stationary impeller 62, the inhaled air can be compressed, and the compressed air is concentrated and pressurized under the action of the air outlet cap and the air outlet hood 41 and enters the combustion chamber.

Example 2

A method for starting a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode, comprising simultaneously supplying alternating current to a plurality of coils 82 located on the same permanent magnet rotor 81, and the current directions of the plurality of coils 82 are the same, so that the permanent magnet rotor 81 generates electricity that can be driven. The magnetic field of the rotating impeller 61 can start the compressor from a static state; the multi-stage moving impeller 61 rotates so that the compressor can suck air from the atmosphere and compress it, and the compressed air enters the combustion chamber and communicates with the combustion chamber. The high-temperature gas is mixed and combusted into high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas randomly flows into the high-temperature gas and then flows into the gas turbine to expand and do work, which drives the impeller in the gas turbine to rotate; the permanent magnet rotor 81 is continuously driven to generate magnetic force, and then the moving impeller 61 is continuously driven to rotate. The energy of the turbine is all used as the power to drive the ship;

When the air flow into the inlet hood 11 decreases, the magnitude of the energized current of the different magnetic drive components 8 is changed, thereby changing the rotational speed of the moving impeller 61. At this time, the turbine keeps the original rotational speed unchanged, and the rotational speed of the turbine is not easily affected by the compressor. Influence, to achieve asynchronous operation of turbine and compressor.

In summary, the present application proposes a compressor unit in an electromagnetic drive mode. The compressor unit is provided with a permanent magnet rotor 81 and a coil 82. When the compressor is turned on, the coil 82 is energized, and the moving impeller 61 is driven by the magnetic force, which drives the compressor to compress air. When the situation changes, adjust the current of the coils 82 on the permanent magnet rotors 81 of different stages, change the speed of the moving impeller 61, and the turbine runs normally. The present application uses the electromagnetic drive compressor to realize the speed adjustment of the compressor, without the need for an external auxiliary power system, reducing the unit equipment, and without the need for the reverse output energy of the turbine to supply the drive compressor, so that the speed of the turbine is not easily affected by the change of the load, and then To ensure that the turbine can run at a certain speed, keep the power output of the turbine stable, and improve the overall stability of the gas turbine.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (8)

1. The compressor unit with the electromagnetic driving mode comprises an inlet device (1), an outlet device (4), a plurality of movable impellers (61), a plurality of static impellers (62), a shell (3) and a central shaft (5), and is characterized in that the central shaft (5) is fixedly arranged in the shell (3), the plurality of movable impellers (61) and the plurality of static impellers (62) are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft (5), the movable impellers (61) are rotationally connected with the central shaft (5), the movable impellers (61) are made of magnetic materials, and the static impellers (62) are fixedly connected with the central shaft (5); the plurality of stationary vanes (62) divide the interior of the shell (3) into a plurality of mounting areas (32), a magnetic driving assembly (8) is arranged in each mounting area (32), and the magnetic driving assemblies (8) can drive corresponding movable vanes (61) to rotate;

the magnetic driving assembly (8) comprises a permanent magnet rotor (81) and a plurality of coils (82), the plurality of coils (82) are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet rotor (81), and the coils (82) are fixedly connected with the permanent magnet rotor (81);

when the coil (82) is electrified with alternating current, the permanent magnet rotor (81) generates magnetic force to drive the movable impeller (61) to rotate, and the magnetic force generated by the adjacent magnetic force driving assemblies (8) does not interfere with each other.

2. An electromagnetic drive mode compressor unit according to claim 1, wherein the coil (82) is arranged through the permanent magnet rotor (81), the coil (82) being arranged in a meander shape.

3. An electromagnetic drive mode compressor unit according to claim 1, wherein each magnetic drive assembly (8) is connected to a respective power supply line.

4. An electromagnetic drive pattern compressor assembly according to claim 1, wherein said rotor blades (61) comprise a dynamic inner hub (611), a dynamic outer hub (612) and rotor blades (613), said rotor blades (613) being secured between said dynamic inner hub (611) and said dynamic outer hub (612);

the static vane wheel (62) comprises a static inner hub (621), a static outer hub (622) and static vanes (623), and the static vanes (623) are fixedly arranged between the static inner hub (621) and the static outer hub (622);

the extension surfaces of the stationary blades (623) and the extension surfaces of the moving blades (613) adjacent to each other intersect in a straight line.

5. The compressor group with an electromagnetic driving mode according to claim 4, wherein the permanent magnet rotor (81) is sleeved outside the movable impeller (61), and a rotation gap is reserved between the permanent magnet rotor (81) and the movable outer hub (612).

6. An electromagnetic drive mode compressor block according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing (3) comprises a plurality of sub-casings (31) connected in series in sequence, and the joint of the stator vane wheel (62) and the casing (3) covers the joint seam of the adjacent sub-casings (31).

7. The induction-drive-mode compressor block according to claim 1, wherein the inlet device (1) comprises an inlet fan housing (11) and an inlet cap (12), the inlet fan housing (11) is fixedly connected with the casing (3), the inner diameter of the inlet fan housing (11) is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the air flow, the inlet cap (12) is fixedly connected with the central shaft (5), and the contact surface between the inlet cap (12) and the air flow is configured as an arc surface.

8. A method for starting an electromagnetically operated mode gas compressor string as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

energizing the coil (82), generating magnetic force by the permanent magnet rotor (81) to drive the movable impeller (61) to rotate so as to compress air, wherein the compressed air is used as compressed air required by the operation of the gas turbine, continuously driving the permanent magnet rotor (81) to generate magnetic force, further continuously driving the movable impeller (61) to rotate, keeping the working state of the gas compressor, and not requiring the turbine to drive the gas compressor to work;

when the air flow introduced into the inlet device (1) is reduced, the rotating speed of the movable impeller (61) is changed by changing the size of the electrified current of the corresponding magnetic driving assembly (8).

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