CN114607349B - Oil and gas well testing equipment and oil and gas well testing method - Google Patents
Oil and gas well testing equipment and oil and gas well testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114607349B CN114607349B CN202011409180.0A CN202011409180A CN114607349B CN 114607349 B CN114607349 B CN 114607349B CN 202011409180 A CN202011409180 A CN 202011409180A CN 114607349 B CN114607349 B CN 114607349B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/063—Valve or closure with destructible element, e.g. frangible disc
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本申请实施例公开了一种油气井测试设备及油气井测试方法，属于油气开采技术领域。该方法包括：基于待测试油气井的油气井参数，确定破裂盘式循环阀、传压接头和开孔组件的尺寸，并组装油气井测试设备；将油管和油气井测试设备下放至待测试油气井中的预设位置；对油管与待测试油气井中套管之间的环形空间进行加压，直至环形空间中的压力使射孔组件完成射孔；获取待测试流体并计算待测试油气井的待测试参数。提高了施工效率；降低了施工成本，并且构成油气井测试设备的组件耐压耐温性高，具有较高的可操作性和安全性，增加了油气井测试工作的可控性，操作方便，有助于加快油田勘探的进程。
The embodiment of the present application discloses an oil and gas well testing device and an oil and gas well testing method, which belong to the field of oil and gas extraction technology. The method includes: based on the oil and gas well parameters of the oil and gas well to be tested, determining the size of the rupture disc circulation valve, the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly, and assembling the oil and gas well testing device; lowering the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing device to a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested; pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete the perforation; obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested. The construction efficiency is improved; the construction cost is reduced, and the components constituting the oil and gas well testing equipment have high pressure and temperature resistance, high operability and safety, increase the controllability of the oil and gas well testing work, are easy to operate, and help to speed up the progress of oilfield exploration.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to oil and gas well testing equipment and an oil and gas well testing method.
Background
In the process of oil and gas exploitation, the production test of an oil and gas well is usually required before formal exploitation, and parameters such as the yield, pressure, temperature, liquidity and the like of a test layer are obtained so as to select proper equipment and a proper mode for exploitation later.
In the related art, a common oil and gas well testing method is a full-path (Annular Pressure Responsive, APR) testing method, namely, under the condition of not moving a tubular column, pressurization and pressure release are carried out through an annulus between an oil pipe and a casing, so that the test valve of the downhole APR testing tool can be operated for multiple times to obtain testing parameters.
However, the current APR test process is complex, the construction steps are complex, and the APR test tool has complex structure and high cost, so that the test efficiency of an oil-gas well is not improved under the condition that the development force of a new petroleum area is enhanced currently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides oil and gas well testing equipment and an oil and gas well testing method. The technical scheme is as follows:
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an oil and gas well testing apparatus, including:
A rupture disc-type circulation valve for providing a flow path for a fluid to be tested in an open state;
the pressure transmission joint is used for transmitting the axial pressure of the oil-gas well testing equipment, and one end, close to a well mouth, of the pressure transmission joint is connected with one end, close to a well bottom, of the pressure gauge support barrel;
The mechanical packer is used for separating an annular space between the oil gas well testing equipment and the corresponding sleeve of the oil gas well to be tested, and is positioned between the pressure transmission joint and the opening assembly;
the opening assembly is used for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an opening state;
The perforating assembly is used for perforating the oil-gas well to be tested;
One end of the positioning nipple joint close to the bottom of the well is connected with one end of the rupture disc type circulating valve close to the wellhead through a first connecting pipe, and one end of the shock absorber close to the bottom of the well is connected with one end of the perforating assembly close to the wellhead through a second connecting pipe.
In an alternative embodiment, one end of the oil gas well testing device close to the wellhead is connected with an oil pipe, and a plug is arranged at one end of the oil gas well testing device close to the bottom of the well and used for sealing the oil gas well testing device.
In an alternative embodiment, the aperture assembly includes:
the pressure transmission pipe is used for transmitting the axial pressure in the oil and gas well testing equipment;
The upper joint is used for fixedly connecting with the mechanical packer;
The outer barrel is provided with a pressure transmission hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested;
the first sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the upper joint and the outer cylinder;
the sliding sleeve is internally provided with an inner hole for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested;
The pin assembly is used for fixedly connecting the sliding sleeve and the outer cylinder;
the second sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the lower joint and the outer cylinder;
The lower joint is used for being fixedly connected with a shock absorber, the shock absorber is arranged between the opening assembly and the perforating assembly, and the shock absorber is used for reducing the vibration intensity of the oil gas well testing equipment;
and the sliding sleeve sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the sliding sleeve and the pressure transmission pipe as well as between the sliding sleeve and the lower joint.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of the pressure transmission holes is the same as that of the inner holes, and the pressure transmission holes are communicated with the inner holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner when the pin assembly is in a fracture state.
In an alternative embodiment, the perforating assembly comprises an ignition device and a perforating gun, wherein the ignition device comprises a delayed powder and an explosive, the ignition device is used for igniting the delayed powder when a preset pressure condition is reached, the delayed powder is used for igniting the explosive, the explosive is used for providing power for the perforating gun, and the perforating gun is used for perforating the oil-gas well to be tested when the preset power condition is reached.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing an oil and gas well, the method including:
determining the sizes of a rupture disc type circulating valve, a pressure transmitting joint and an opening assembly based on oil and gas well parameters of an oil and gas well to be tested, and assembling oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters comprise a testing depth, and the oil and gas well testing equipment consists of the rupture disc type circulating valve, the pressure transmitting joint, a mechanical packer, the opening assembly and the opening assembly;
Lowering an oil pipe and the oil gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil gas well to be tested, wherein the oil gas well testing equipment is connected with the bottom end of the oil pipe;
pressurizing an annular space between the oil pipe and a casing in the oil-gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space makes the perforating assembly complete perforation;
And obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating parameters to be tested of the oil-gas well to be tested.
In an alternative embodiment, the method includes, prior to lowering the tubing and the oil and gas well testing equipment to a predetermined location in the oil and gas well to be tested:
The oil pipe is utilized to open the well of the oil-gas well to be tested, and a scraper is arranged on the outer wall of the oil pipe;
and scraping the inner wall of the mechanical packer corresponding to the casing pipe section by using the scraper.
In an alternative embodiment, the oil and gas well testing equipment is further provided with a positioning nipple;
the step of lowering the oil pipe and the oil gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil gas well to be tested comprises the following steps:
connecting the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment and starting to be lowered in response to reaching a preset scraping frequency or the inner diameter of a sleeve of a corresponding pipe section of the mechanical packer being larger than the outer diameter of the scraper;
Each time a preset depth is lowered, adding a liquid cushion in the oil pipe, wherein the liquid cushion is used for balancing the pressure of the inner side and the outer side of the oil pipe;
And responding to the condition that the oil and gas well testing equipment is lowered to the preset position, and calibrating the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment by utilizing the positioning pup joint.
In an alternative embodiment, said pressurizing an annular space between said tubing and a casing in said hydrocarbon well to be tested until pressure in said annular space causes said perforating assembly to complete perforation, comprising:
Installing a test tree for the oil pipe and the sleeve at a wellhead of the oil-gas well to be tested;
Pressurizing an annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes perforation.
In an alternative embodiment, after the obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested, the method includes:
Pressurizing an annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve until the rupture disc type circulating valve is opened, and performing well flushing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested;
And responding to the end of the well flushing and well killing operation, and taking out the oil and gas well testing equipment from the oil well to be tested.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:
In the embodiment of the application, the oil-gas well testing equipment is assembled by using the relatively mature and relatively low-cost tools and components, the size of part of the components can be adjusted according to specific well conditions, the application range is relatively wide, the construction efficiency is improved especially for offshore oil testing operation, the components forming the oil-gas well testing equipment are high in pressure resistance and temperature resistance and high in operability and safety, the problems of complex process, complex tool structure, complicated construction steps and high equipment cost of related technologies such as APR (automatic pressure sensor) testing are solved, the controllability of the oil-gas well testing operation is improved, the operation is convenient, and the oil field exploration process is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oil and gas well testing apparatus provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oil and gas well testing apparatus provided in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an opening device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of testing an oil and gas well provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for testing an oil and gas well according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
References herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate that there are three cases of a alone, a and B together, and B alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
In the related art, a common oil and gas well testing method is APR testing, namely, under the condition of not moving a tubular column, pressurization and pressure release are carried out through an annulus between an oil pipe and a casing pipe, so that the test valve of the underground APR testing tool is subjected to multiple well opening and closing operations, and test parameters are obtained. However, the current APR test process is complex, the construction steps are complex, and the APR test tool has complex structure and high cost, so that the test efficiency of an oil-gas well is not improved under the condition that the development force of a new petroleum area is enhanced currently.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the application provides oil and gas well testing equipment and an oil and gas well testing method, which can reduce the oil and gas well testing cost and improve the oil and gas well testing efficiency. FIG. 1 illustrates a structural side view of an oil and gas well testing device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the oil and gas well testing equipment at least comprises a rupture disc type circulating valve 104, a pressure transmitting joint 106, a mechanical packer 107, an opening assembly 108 and a perforating assembly 111. Wherein rupture disc recirculation valve 104 is configured to provide a flow path for a fluid to be tested in an open condition. The pressure transmitting joint 106 is used for transmitting the axial pressure of the oil and gas well testing equipment, and one end, close to a well mouth, of the pressure transmitting joint 106 is connected with one end, close to a well bottom, of the pressure gauge support barrel 105. The mechanical packer 107 is used to separate the annular space between the hydrocarbon testing equipment and the corresponding casing of the hydrocarbon to be tested, resulting in an annular space 115a and a closed annular space 115b, and the mechanical packer 107 is located between the crimp head 106 and the orifice assembly 108. The orifice assembly 108 is used to provide a flow path for a fluid to be tested in an open state. Perforation assembly 111 is used for perforating the oil and gas well to be tested, and perforation assembly 111 comprises a firing head 111a and a perforating gun 111b. The oil and gas well testing equipment is shown without contact with the bottom hole 113.
As shown in fig. 2, optionally, the oil and gas well testing device may further be provided with a positioning nipple 102, where the positioning nipple 102 is used for correcting the position of the oil and gas well testing device in the oil and gas well to be tested. Optionally, a pressure gauge support cylinder 105 can be further arranged in the oil and gas well testing device, the pressure gauge support cylinder 105 is used for bearing a pressure gauge, and one end, close to a wellhead, of the pressure gauge support cylinder 105 is connected with one end, close to a well bottom, of the rupture disc type circulating valve 104. Optionally, a damper 109 may be further disposed in the oil and gas well testing device, where the damper 109 is used to reduce the vibration intensity of the oil and gas well testing device, and an end of the damper 109 near the wellhead is connected to an end of the opening assembly 108 near the bottom of the well. Fig. 2 shows only one way to arrange the positioning nipple, the pressure gauge bracket and the shock absorber in the oil and gas well testing device, and in other possible embodiments, the positioning nipple, the pressure gauge bracket and the shock absorber may be arranged at other positions of the oil and gas well testing device, which is not limited by the embodiment of the application.
In one possible implementation mode, one end of the positioning nipple close to the bottom of the well is connected with one end of the rupture disc type circulating valve close to the wellhead through a first connecting pipe, and one end of the shock absorber close to the bottom of the well is connected with one end of the perforating assembly close to the wellhead through a second connecting pipe.
The working principle of the oil-gas well equipment provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below:
After the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches a preset position in the oil and gas well to be tested, the mechanical packer separates an annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the casing in a set state, and as shown in fig. 1, the annular space between the oil and gas well testing equipment and the inner wall of the casing 114 is divided into an upper annular space 115a and a lower sealed annular space 115b. The casing is a steel pipe for supporting the wall of the oil and gas well so as to ensure the normal operation of the whole oil well after the well drilling process and the well completion.
When the pressure in the annular space between the oil pipe, the oil gas well testing equipment and the casing pipe is increased, the pressure transmission joint axially transmits the pressure to the opening assembly 108, so that the opening assembly 108 is in an opening state under the pressure effect, a channel capable of enabling fluid to circulate is provided, meanwhile, when the pressure value reaches perforation conditions, the perforation assembly transversely perforates the casing pipe wall and the well wall of the oil gas well to be tested, fluid in the underground layer automatically flows into the airtight annular space between the oil gas well testing equipment and the casing pipe through the holes in the well wall and the casing pipe wall under the action of the ground pressure, and when the fluid in the airtight annular space is gradually increased, the fluid flows into the oil gas well testing equipment through the opening equipment. After the formation fluid flows into the well and the oil and gas well testing equipment, constructors can obtain the fluid yield, pressure, temperature and fluid property waiting testing parameters corresponding to the oil and gas well to be tested according to the data acquired by the oil and gas well testing equipment. Illustratively, a temperature instrument, a gamma instrument and other measuring instruments can be arranged in the oil-gas well testing equipment.
In one possible implementation mode, the pressure gauge support cylinder is internally provided with at least one storage type electronic pressure gauge, the pressure gauge can collect and store pressure values and store the measured pressure values, so that a constructor can conveniently take out the pressure gauge after the test is finished and read the stored pressure values.
In one possible embodiment, the end of the oil and gas well testing device close to the wellhead is connected with an oil pipe, and a plug is arranged at the end of the oil and gas well testing device close to the bottom of the well and used for sealing the oil and gas well testing device.
FIG. 3 illustrates an axial cross-sectional view of an aperture assembly in an oil and gas well testing apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
The perforating assembly comprises a pressure transmission pipe 301, an upper joint 302, an outer barrel 303, a first sealing ring 304, a pin assembly 305, a sliding sleeve 308, a second sealing ring 309, a sliding sleeve sealing ring 310 and a lower joint 311, wherein a pressure transmission hole 306 which radially penetrates through the wall of the barrel is arranged in the outer barrel 303, and an inner hole 307 which radially penetrates through the wall of the sliding sleeve 308 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 308. The pressure transfer tube 301 is used to transfer axial pressure in a hydrocarbon well testing device. The upper sub 302 is used to make a fixed connection with the mechanical packer 107 of fig. 1. The first seal ring 304 is used to seal the gap between the upper joint 302 and the outer tube 303. The pin assembly 305 is used to fixedly connect the sliding sleeve 308 with the outer barrel 303. The second seal 309 seals a gap between the lower joint 311 and the outer cylinder 303. The lower joint 311 is used for a fixed connection with the damper 109 in fig. 1. The sliding sleeve sealing ring 310 is used for sealing the gap between the sliding sleeve 308 and the pressure transmission pipe 301 and the lower joint 311.
In one possible implementation, the number of pressure transmitting holes is the same as the number of inner holes, and the pressure transmitting holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the inner holes when the pin assembly is in a broken state.
The working principle of the opening assembly provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below:
The pressure transmitting pipe in the perforating assembly is used for axially transmitting the pressure of the oil-gas well collecting equipment, when the pressure value in the annular space above the mechanical packer is increased, the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmitting pipe is increased, when the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmitting pipe reaches the pressure value corresponding to the fracture condition of the pin assembly, the pin assembly is cut off, the sliding sleeve moves upwards under the action of the pressure, the sliding sleeve is blocked by the upper joint when the upper end of the sliding sleeve reaches the convex surface of the upper joint, and at the moment, the inner hole in the sliding sleeve is just communicated with the pressure transmitting hole in the outer cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the fluid in the well flows into the perforating assembly and then flows upwards into the oil pipe.
In one possible embodiment, the perforating assembly comprises an ignition device and a perforating gun, wherein the ignition device contains a delayed powder and an explosive, the ignition device is used for igniting the delayed powder when a preset pressure condition is reached, the delayed powder is used for igniting the explosive, the explosive is used for providing power for the perforating gun, and the perforating gun is used for perforating an oil-gas well to be tested when the preset power condition is reached.
The ignition device is a pressurized ignition device, when the pressure applied by the ignition device reaches a preset pressure condition, the delayed powder is ignited, and after the delayed powder burns for a certain period of time (usually 6 to 10 minutes), the delayed powder burns out and ignites the explosive, so that power is provided for the perforating gun, the perforating gun is enabled to shoot out hole bullets transversely, the casing and the well wall are penetrated, and a channel is provided for fluid in the ground.
In summary, the components adopted by the oil and gas well testing equipment provided by the embodiment of the application are mature, the manufacturing cost is low, the application range is wider, the construction efficiency is improved especially for offshore oil testing operation, the components forming the oil and gas well testing equipment are high in pressure resistance and temperature resistance and high in operability and safety, the problems of complex process, complex tool structure, complicated construction steps and high equipment cost of related technologies such as APR (automatic pressure sensor) testing are solved, the controllability of the oil and gas well testing operation is improved, the operation is convenient, and the progress of oil field exploration is facilitated.
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a method of testing an oil and gas well provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the application is illustrated by taking the application of the method to the oil and gas well testing equipment shown in fig. 1 as an example, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 301, determining the sizes of a rupture disc type circulating valve, a pressure transmitting joint and an opening assembly based on oil and gas well parameters of an oil and gas well to be tested, and assembling oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters comprise a testing depth.
The oil and gas well testing equipment is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a rupture disc type circulating valve, a pressure transmitting joint, a mechanical packer, an opening assembly, a perforating assembly and other assemblies.
The constructor first needs to determine the depth of the layer to be tested in the oil and gas well to be tested, and the sizes of the rupture disc type circulating valve, the pressure transmitting joint and the opening assembly are determined according to the depth. After the preparation of the components required by the oil and gas well testing equipment is completed, constructors assemble the oil and gas well testing equipment according to the structure of the oil and gas well testing equipment shown in fig. 1, and the tightness of the equipment is checked.
And step 402, lowering the oil pipe and the oil gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil gas well to be tested, wherein the oil gas well testing equipment is connected with the bottom end of the oil pipe.
After the oil gas well testing equipment is assembled, a constructor connects the oil gas well testing equipment with an oil pipe, and lowers the oil gas well testing equipment from a sleeve to a preset position in an oil gas well to be tested, namely, lowers a perforating assembly in the oil gas well testing equipment to the depth of perforation.
Step 403, pressurizing an annular space between the oil pipe and the casing in the oil and gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforation.
When the oil gas well testing equipment reaches a preset position, a constructor opens the mechanical packer to expand the mechanical packer and block the annular space between the oil gas well testing equipment and the casing, and the annular space below the mechanical packer to the bottom of the well is in a closed state.
After setting is completed, constructors pressurize the annular space above the mechanical packer, and in the embodiment of the application, the workers directly pressurize at the wellhead, namely, the perforating is completed by directly transmitting pressure by using liquid used for washing and killing the well in the earlier-stage oil and gas well. And after the pressure value reaches the pressure value required by the perforation condition, the oil-gas well testing equipment transversely perforates the wall of the casing pipe and the well wall through the perforation assembly, so that fluid in the stratum flows into the closed annular space below the oil-gas well to be tested through the holes.
Step 404, obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil-gas well to be tested.
In the process of pressurizing the annular space, an opening assembly in the oil and gas well testing equipment enters an opening state under the action of pressure, namely, an inner hole is communicated with a pressure transmission hole, a flow channel is provided for fluid to be tested in the well, and circulation of the fluid in the well is completed. And (3) the constructor obtains the production after perforation is completed, and closes the well to measure pressure after obtaining parameters to be tested.
In summary, in the embodiment of the application, the oil-gas well testing equipment is assembled by using the relatively mature and relatively low-cost tools and components, the size of part of the components can be adjusted according to specific well conditions, the application range is relatively wide, the construction efficiency is improved, the pressure resistance and the temperature resistance of the components forming the oil-gas well testing equipment are high, the operability and the safety are relatively high, the problems of complex process, complex tool structure, complicated construction steps and high equipment cost of related technologies such as APR testing are solved, the controllability of the oil-gas well testing work is improved, the operation is convenient, and the oil field exploration process is facilitated to be accelerated.
FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart of a method for testing an oil and gas well provided in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the application is illustrated by taking the application of the method to the oil and gas well testing equipment shown in fig. 2 as an example, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 501, determining the sizes of a rupture disc type circulation valve, a pressure transmitting joint and an opening assembly based on oil and gas well parameters of an oil and gas well to be tested, and assembling oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters comprise a testing depth.
For the specific implementation of step 501, reference may be made to step 401 described above, and the description of this embodiment of the present application is omitted here.
Step 502, well dredging is conducted on an oil-gas well to be tested through an oil pipe, and a scraper is installed on the outer wall of the oil pipe.
The well dredging means dredging the well. When performing certain downhole operations (such as logging, casing, etc.), it is often necessary to first pass the well in order to ensure that the operation is successful without being blocked or stuck. The well dredging method is to lower a drilling tool into the well, and pass the drilling tool through the well hole to clear the well hole. The embodiment of the application utilizes an oil pipe to open a well of an oil-gas well to be tested. In one possible embodiment, the outer wall of the tubing is provided with a casing scraper for scraping the casing after the open well.
And 503, scraping the inner wall of the corresponding casing pipe section of the mechanical packer by using a scraper.
Scraping refers to the operation of putting a tubular column with a scraper into a well, scraping the inner wall of a sleeve, removing impurities such as cement, hard wax, salt scale and the like on the inner wall of the sleeve, and aims to smooth and unblock the inner wall of the sleeve and remove barriers for tools such as oil and gas well test equipment and the like to be smoothly put into the well.
In one possible implementation manner, in the oil and gas well testing device of the embodiment of the application, the mechanical packer is the component with the largest diameter, so that after passing through a well, a constructor needs to scrape the inner wall of the complete casing, namely scraping from a wellhead to a bottom hole, and additionally scraping the inner wall of the casing pipe section corresponding to the mechanical packer.
In step 504, in response to the preset number of scrapes, the tubing and the oil and gas well testing equipment are connected and lowered.
Illustratively, in the embodiment of the application, a constructor performs scraping operation on the inner wall of the corresponding casing pipe section of the mechanical packer at least three times. When the scraping operation is completed, the tubing is withdrawn from the well and the oil and gas well testing equipment connected to the tubing is lowered into the well.
In one possible embodiment, the rupture disc circulation valve is in a closed state when the oil and gas well testing equipment is at the surface, the pressure differential between the inside and outside of the rupture disc circulation valve is 0, the pressure between the inside and outside is balanced, and the perforating device is also in a closed state when it is lowered into the well.
Step 505, adding a liquid pad in the oil pipe every time the preset depth is lowered, wherein the liquid pad is used for balancing the pressure of the inner side and the outer side of the oil pipe.
And in the process of lowering the pipe column, a liquid pad is added into the oil pipe once every time when a constructor lowers a preset depth, so that the internal and external pressure of the oil pipe in the well is balanced, and the oil pipe is prevented from being broken due to overlarge internal and external pressure difference in the lowering process and the subsequent pressurizing process.
Illustratively, each time a constructor lowers 10 column tubing (i.e., 100 m) a pad of fluid is added until it is lowered to the design depth calculated as negative pressure. In the running process, on-site on-duty technicians need to closely observe well conditions in the annular space to judge whether the underground pipe column is lost or not.
And step 506, in response to the oil and gas well testing equipment being lowered to the preset position, calibrating the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment by using the positioning pup joint.
When the oil and gas well testing equipment is lowered to a preset position, the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment needs to be accurately calibrated. In one possible embodiment, the oil and gas well testing device is further provided with a positioning nipple, and a constructor uses the positioning nipple to position the oil and gas well testing device.
In general, the pipeline positioning in the oil-gas well adopts a magnetic positioning method, and the position of the positioning nipple is determined by utilizing rays emitted by natural radioactive substances contained in the stratum.
After the calibration work is completed, the constructor expands the mechanical packer to set the annular space between the casing and the oil and gas well testing equipment.
And 507, installing a test tree for the oil pipe and the sleeve at the wellhead of the oil-gas well to be tested.
When constructors ensure that the oil and gas well testing equipment reaches a preset position and the mechanical packer is accurately clamped, a testing tree is installed at a wellhead of the oil and gas well to be tested, the wellhead is set, the wellhead is connected with equipment such as a lubricator and a blowout preventer, the upper part of the testing tree is connected with the equipment such as the lubricator, the lower part of the testing tree is connected with an oil pipe, and the flowing head is usually provided with a rotary nipple for rotating a lower pipe column such as a packer and the like, so that the oil pipe in the well and the oil and gas well testing equipment are controlled.
Step 508, pressurizing the annular space between the tubing and casing until the perforating assembly completes perforation.
In one possible embodiment, the constructor pressurizes the annular space between the tubing and casing until the perforation assembly completes the perforation. The pressurizing process may refer to step 403, and the embodiments of the present application are not described herein.
Step 509, obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil-gas well to be tested.
For a specific implementation of step 509, reference may be made to step 409, which is not described herein.
And 510, pressurizing the annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve until the rupture disc type circulating valve is opened, and performing well flushing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested.
After the test is completed, constructors need to reversely press from the annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve, and hold open the rupture disc type circulating valve, so that the fluid to be tested in the well completes fluid circulation.
In one possible implementation mode, in order to prevent dirt attached to the inner wall (inner wall of a casing) of an oil and gas well to be tested from polluting the environment, affecting operation safety and the like, constructors need to clean the inside and the outside of the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment before starting the oil pipe and the oil and gas well testing equipment, namely cleaning operation is performed, and the well killing is to enable the pressure of a night column in a shaft to be equal to or greater than the formation pressure so as to obtain enough safe time to finish operations such as well head disassembly, oil pipe starting and oil and gas well testing equipment, well head recovery and the like, and operation safety is guaranteed.
In response to the completion of the well cleanup and well killing operations, the oil and gas well testing equipment is removed from the well to be tested, step 511.
And after the cleaning and well killing operation is finished, the constructor takes the oil and gas well testing equipment out of the oil well to be tested, and restores the wellhead to finish the oil and gas well testing operation.
In the embodiment of the application, the step of carrying out the pressure-controlled perforation test by using the oil gas well test equipment is simpler and easier to operate, the test can be completed by one-time well descending operation, the efficiency of the oil gas well test is improved, and constructors only need to adjust the sizes of part of components in the oil gas well test equipment based on specific well conditions, so that the application range and the utilization rate of the oil gas well test equipment are improved, and the implementation cost of the oil gas well test work is further reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the application, but rather, the application is to be construed as limited to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An oil gas well test equipment, its characterized in that, be close to well head one end and link to each other with oil pipe in the oil gas well test equipment, oil gas well test equipment includes:
A rupture disc-type circulation valve for providing a flow path for a fluid to be tested in an open state;
the pressure transmission joint is used for transmitting the axial pressure of the oil-gas well testing equipment, and one end, close to a wellhead, of the pressure transmission joint is connected with one end, close to a well bottom, of the pressure gauge support barrel;
the mechanical packer is used for separating an annular space between the oil gas well testing equipment and a corresponding sleeve of the oil gas well to be tested, and is positioned between the pressure transmitting joint and the opening assembly;
The opening assembly is used for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested in an opening state; the hole opening assembly comprises a pressure transmission pipe, a hole opening assembly and a hole opening assembly, wherein the pressure transmission pipe is used for transmitting axial pressure in the oil and gas well testing equipment; the oil and gas well testing device comprises an outer cylinder, a first sealing ring, a sliding sleeve, a pin assembly, a second sealing ring, a lower joint, a shock absorber, a sliding sleeve sealing ring and an oil and gas well testing device, wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a pressure transmission hole used for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested, the first sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the upper joint and the outer cylinder, the sliding sleeve is provided with an inner hole used for providing a flow channel for the fluid to be tested, the pin assembly is used for fixedly connecting the sliding sleeve and the outer cylinder, the second sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the lower joint and the outer cylinder, the lower joint is used for fixedly connecting the shock absorber, the shock absorber is arranged between the opening assembly and the perforation assembly, the shock absorber is used for reducing the vibration intensity of the oil and gas well testing device, the sliding sleeve sealing ring is used for sealing the gap between the sliding sleeve and the pressure transmission pipe, the pin assembly is cut off when the pressure value transmitted by the pressure transmission pipe reaches a pressure value corresponding to the breaking condition of the pin assembly, the sliding sleeve moves upwards under the pressure action, the sliding sleeve is blocked by the upper joint when the upper end reaches the bulge surface of the upper joint, and the upper joint is blocked by the upper joint, and the pressure transmission hole corresponds to the inner hole and flows into the inner hole of the oil and the oil well testing device, and then flows into the inner hole through the well;
The perforating assembly is used for perforating the oil-gas well to be tested;
The locating nipple joint, be close to shaft bottom one end with be close to well head one end in the rupture disc type circulating valve and pass through first connecting pipe connection, wherein, every transfer preset degree of depth add the liquid pad in the oil pipe, the liquid pad is used for balancing the pressure of the inside and outside both sides of oil pipe, the one end that the bumper shock absorber is close to the shaft bottom with the perforation subassembly is close to the one end of wellhead and passes through the second connecting pipe connection.
2. The oil and gas well testing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plug is arranged at one end of the oil and gas well testing equipment close to the bottom of the well, and the plug is used for sealing the oil and gas well testing equipment.
3. An oil and gas well testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the perforating assembly comprises an ignition device and a perforating gun, the ignition device containing therein a time-lapse charge for igniting the time-lapse charge upon reaching a preset pressure condition, and an explosive charge for powering the perforating gun for perforating the oil and gas well to be tested upon reaching a preset power condition.
4. A method of testing an oil and gas well, the method being based on the oil and gas well testing apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising:
determining the sizes of a rupture disc type circulating valve, a pressure transmitting joint and an opening assembly based on oil and gas well parameters of an oil and gas well to be tested, and assembling oil and gas well testing equipment, wherein the oil and gas well parameters comprise a testing depth, and the oil and gas well testing equipment consists of the rupture disc type circulating valve, the pressure transmitting joint, a mechanical packer, the opening assembly and the opening assembly;
Lowering an oil pipe and the oil gas well testing equipment to a preset position in the oil gas well to be tested, wherein the oil gas well testing equipment is connected with the bottom end of the oil pipe;
pressurizing an annular space between the oil pipe and a casing in the oil-gas well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space makes the perforating assembly complete perforation;
And obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating parameters to be tested of the oil-gas well to be tested.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to lowering tubing and the well testing equipment to a predetermined location in the well to be tested, the method comprises:
The oil pipe is utilized to open the well of the oil-gas well to be tested, and a scraper is arranged on the outer wall of the oil pipe;
and scraping the inner wall of the mechanical packer corresponding to the casing pipe section by using the scraper.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein lowering the tubing and the well testing equipment to a predetermined location in the well to be tested comprises:
responding to the preset scraping times, connecting the oil pipe with the oil gas well testing equipment and starting to be lowered;
And responding to the condition that the oil and gas well testing equipment is lowered to the preset position, and calibrating the position of the oil and gas well testing equipment by utilizing the positioning pup joint.
7. The method of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein pressurizing the annular space between the tubing and the casing in the hydrocarbon well to be tested until the pressure in the annular space causes the perforating assembly to complete perforation, comprises:
Installing a test tree for the oil pipe and the sleeve at a wellhead of the oil-gas well to be tested;
Pressurizing an annular space between the tubing and the casing until the perforating assembly completes perforation.
8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein after the obtaining the fluid to be tested and calculating the parameters to be tested of the oil and gas well to be tested, the method comprises:
Pressurizing an annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve until the rupture disc type circulating valve is opened, and performing well flushing and well killing operations on the oil and gas well to be tested;
and responding to the end of the well flushing and well killing operation, and taking out the oil and gas well testing equipment from the oil and gas well to be tested.
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| CN113550722A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and construction method thereof |
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| US5297629A (en) * | 1992-01-23 | 1994-03-29 | Halliburton Company | Drill stem testing with tubing conveyed perforation |
| CN108071387A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method capable of detecting sealing performance of packer in real time during lower-return layer crossing-isolation test |
| CN109915130B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2022-02-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil testing device and method |
| CN111119801A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil testing tubular column, perforating tubular column and continuous oil testing method |
| CN210714630U (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-06-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Two-layer layered perforating-testing operation pipe column for one-trip pipe column |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105545282A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Layered continuous oil testing system and using method thereof |
| CN113550722A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Perforation, test and flowback integrated multifunctional pipe column and construction method thereof |
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