CN114577731A - A test tube composition detection device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test tube component detection device and a test tube component detection method. According to the scheme, the sample signal values are obtained by utilizing the ultra-strong penetrating power of laser, the signal values of laser penetrating blood in different position states are obtained by utilizing the rotating device, the processor is matched with the signal threshold value range conditions under each blood quality classification of the preset signal threshold value group through the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value in different position states, the quality condition of a target sample is analyzed according to the matching result, the bar code pasting on the surface of the sample test tube is fully considered, the signal values in different position states are obtained by utilizing the rotating device based on the bar code pasting state, the blood quality condition is comprehensively judged by utilizing the signal values in different position states, and the blood quality identification accuracy is high.

Description

A test tube composition detection device and method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a test tube component detection device and method.

Background technique

The medical clinical inspection process includes three stages: before analysis, during analysis, and after analysis. The error before analysis accounts for about 70% of the total laboratory error. Therefore, ensuring that the sample quality is qualified is the premise of accurate and reliable inspection results.

At present, the laboratory mainly checks whether the sample uses the correct blood collection tube, whether the sample volume is too much or too little, whether the proportion of serum or plasma is too much, and whether the sample is centrifuged when receiving the sample at the front desk or before manual testing. , Whether the sample is hemolytic, icteric, fatty, clot or fibrous, etc., the quality of the sample is evaluated manually, which is a large workload for the staff, and the manual detection efficiency is low and the error rate is high. To this end, some laboratories have introduced an assembly line system connected with a sample preprocessing system to automatically realize operations such as sample identification, centrifugation, and cap opening, reducing manual intervention to a certain extent. Among them, the identification of sample quality is now In the prior art, the method of camera photo identification is usually adopted, and the sample quality is analyzed by comparing the captured sample photo with the preset standard sample photo. There are certain individual or batch differences, thus greatly affecting the identification of blood quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a test tube component detection device and method.

The present invention realizes through the following technical solutions:

A test tube composition detection device, characterized in that it includes a rotating device, a laser beam transmitter, a laser beam receiver and a processor, wherein the laser beam transmitter is arranged opposite to the laser beam receiver, and the laser beam receiver is arranged opposite to the laser beam receiver. Including photodiodes and signal amplifiers;

The rotating device is used to carry the sample test tube and rotate the sample test tube;

the laser beam transmitter is used for emitting a laser beam that transmits the blood sample;

the laser beam receiver is used for receiving a laser beam penetrating the blood sample, and generating a signal value according to the received laser light;

The processor is configured to analyze and judge the blood quality classification according to the signal value.

Further, it is characterized in that, the rotating device is arranged between the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver, so as to place the carried sample test tube between the laser emission area of the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver. The laser beam receiver is rotated between the laser receiving areas.

Further, it is characterized in that the processor includes a database system and an analysis system;

The database system is used to store signal threshold groups of blood of different quality grades;

The analysis system is used to analyze blood quality grades.

Further, the construction method of the database system includes:

Set the number and type of blood quality grading;

According to the blood quality grading situation, N samples of known blood quality grading are preselected, and a signal value group of the N samples of known blood quality grading is obtained, where N is a natural number not less than the number of blood quality grading, and The N samples of known blood quality grades should cover each set blood quality grade;

According to the acquired signal value groups of N samples with known blood quality gradings, signal threshold value groups under different blood quality grading states are set.

Further, a barcode is pasted on the sample test tube, and a gap is left between the barcode and the sample test tube, and the signal value group includes a first signal value, a second signal value and a third signal value, and the N have been The method for obtaining the signal value group of the sample with known blood quality grading includes:

The rotating device drives the sample test tube pasted with the barcode to rotate;

Obtain the first signal value when the laser beam emits the transmitted blood sample from the barcode on one side and shoots out from the barcode on the other side;

Obtain the second signal value when the laser beam transmits the blood sample from one side of the barcode and exits from the slit;

Obtain the third signal value when the laser beam is emitted from the slit to transmit the blood sample and emitted from the barcode on the other side.

Further, the first signal value is smaller than the second signal value, and the second signal value is smaller than the third signal value.

Further, the blood quality classification includes normal, mild abnormality and severe abnormality, and the signal threshold group includes a first normal signal threshold, a second normal signal threshold, a third normal signal threshold, and a first mild signal threshold. , the second mild signal threshold, the third mild signal threshold, the first severe signal threshold, the second severe signal threshold and the third severe signal threshold, the method for obtaining the signal threshold group includes:

The number of known samples of normal blood is set to n ₁ , the number of known samples of mild abnormal quality is set to n ₂ , and the number of known samples of severe abnormal quality is set to n ₃ , where n ₁ +n ₂ + n ₃ =N, and n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ are all natural numbers not less than 1;

Obtain and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of n ₁ known samples of normal blood according to the aforementioned method, and set the first signal of n ₁ known samples of normal blood The average value of the values is the first normal signal threshold, and the average value of the second signal values of n ₁ known samples of normal blood is set as the second normal signal threshold, and the second normal signal threshold of n ₁ known samples of normal blood is set. The average value of the three signal values is the third normal signal threshold;

Acquire and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of n ₂ known samples with mild abnormal quality respectively according to the aforementioned method, and set n ₂ known samples with mild abnormal quality The average value of the first signal values is the first light signal threshold, and the average value of the second signal values of n ₂ known samples with mild abnormality is set as the second light signal threshold, and n ₂ are set The average value of the third signal values of the known samples with mild quality abnormality is the third mild signal threshold;

Acquire and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of n ₃ known samples with severe abnormal quality respectively according to the aforementioned method, and set the first signal value of n ₃ known samples with severe abnormal quality The average value of a signal value is the first severe signal threshold, the average value of the second signal values of n ₃ known samples with severe abnormal quality is set as the second severe signal threshold, and the n ₃ known samples with severe abnormal quality are set as the second severe signal threshold. The average value of the third signal values of the known samples is the third severe signal threshold.

Further, set the first normal signal threshold, the second normal signal threshold, the third normal signal threshold, the first mild signal threshold, the second mild signal threshold, the third mild signal threshold, and the first severe signal The threshold, the second severe signal threshold and the third severe signal threshold are respectively N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , M ₁ , M ₂ , M ₃ , H ₁ , H ₂ and H ₃ , where 600≤N ₁ ≤ 700, 1500≤N ₂ ≤1800, 2500≤N ₃ ≤6000, 500≤M ₁ ≤650, 800≤M ₂ ≤1300, 1200≤M ₃ ≤5500, 500≤H ₁ ≤600, 650≤H ₂ ≤750 , 700≤H ₃ ≤1200.

Further, the method for analyzing the blood quality classification by the analysis system includes:

Set the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample as P1, P2 and P3 respectively;

When 600≤P ₁ ≤700, and 1500≤P ₂ ≤1800, and 2500≤P ₃ ≤6000, the target sample is a normal sample;

When 500≤P ₁ ≤650, and 800≤P ₂ ≤1300, and 1200≤P ₃ ≤5500, the target sample is a sample with mild abnormal quality;

When 500≤P ₁ ≤600, and 650≤P ₂ ≤750, and 700≤P ₃ ≤1200, the target sample is a sample with severe abnormal quality.

A test tube component detection method, specifically comprising:

placing the sample tube loaded with the target sample in the rotating device;

The rotating device drives the sample test tube to rotate;

the laser beam transmitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample;

the laser beam receiver receives a laser beam penetrating the blood sample, and generates a first signal value, a second signal value and a third signal value according to the received laser light;

the laser beam receiver feeds back the generated first signal value, second signal value and third signal value to the processor;

The processor matches the received first signal value, second signal value and third signal value of the target sample with signal threshold range conditions under each blood quality classification of the signal threshold group;

The processor analyzes the quality of the target sample according to the matching result.

Combined with the structural features of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a test tube composition detection device and method. The test tube composition detection device includes a rotating device, a laser beam transmitter, a laser beam receiver and a processor, so The laser beam transmitter is arranged opposite to the laser beam receiver, the rotating device is used to carry the sample test tube and rotate the sample test tube, the laser beam transmitter is used to emit a laser beam that transmits the blood sample, the laser beam The receiver is used for receiving the laser beam penetrating the blood sample, and generating a signal value according to the received laser light, and the processor is used for analyzing and determining the blood quality classification according to the signal value. The scheme uses the super penetrating power of the laser to obtain the signal value of the sample, and uses the rotating device to obtain the signal value of the laser penetrating the blood in different positions. and the third signal value are matched with the signal threshold range conditions under each blood quality classification of the preset signal threshold group, and the quality of the target sample is analyzed according to the matching result. For this scheme, the barcode on the surface of the sample test tube is considered, and Based on the bar code pasting state, the rotating device is used to obtain the signal values of the laser from one side of the bar code to the other side of the bar code, from one side of the bar code to the gap, and from the gap to the other side of the bar code. The signal values in different positions are used to comprehensively determine the blood quality, and the blood quality recognition accuracy is high, which effectively solves the problem in the prior art, which may be caused by individual or batch differences in the pasting position of the barcode attached to the sample test tube. The problem of quality identification accuracy.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only described in the present invention. For some of the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test tube component detection device according to the present invention.

Among them, 1-rotating device, 2-sample test tube, 3-barcode, 4-slot.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement situation, etc. When the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.

As shown in FIG. 1, a test tube composition detection device includes a rotating device 1, a laser beam transmitter, a laser beam receiver and a processor, the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver are arranged opposite to the laser beam receiver, and the laser beam The beam receiver includes a photodiode and a signal amplifier;

The rotating device 1 is arranged between the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver for placing the carried sample test tube 2 in the laser emission area of the laser beam transmitter and the laser beam receiver. 360° rotation is performed between the laser receiving areas; it should be noted that the diagram shown in FIG. 1 is only a schematic diagram, and does not represent the actual structural characteristics of the rotating device, as long as the mechanism device with the rotating function falls within the protection scope of the present invention;

The laser beam transmitter is used to emit a laser beam that transmits the blood sample; it should be noted that the laser beam transmitter can be a laser beam transmitter formed by multiple laser emitting devices, or can be a single laser beam passing through an optical path splitting device The laser beam emitters formed by dispersing into multiple laser beams all fall into the protection scope of the present invention;

The laser beam receiver is used to receive the laser beam penetrating the blood sample, and generate a signal value according to the received laser light; it should be noted that the signal value can be a current value, a voltage value, a wavelength value, etc. into the protection scope of the present invention.

The processor is configured to analyze and judge the blood quality classification according to the signal value.

In one embodiment, the processor includes a database system for storing signal threshold sets of blood of different quality grades, and an analysis system for analyzing the blood quality grades, wherein the database The system construction method, including:

The blood quality classification quantity and classification type are set. In this embodiment, the blood quality classification includes 3 classifications, which are normal, mildly abnormal, and severely abnormal. Blood samples for mild lipidemia and severe lipidemia;

According to the blood quality grading situation, 12 samples of known blood quality grading are pre-selected, wherein these 12 samples of known blood quality grading cover the blood quality of 3 different gradings set. In this embodiment, Among the 12 samples with known blood quality grades, there are 3 normal samples, 4 samples with mild lipemia, and 5 samples with severe lipemia. The sample tube 2 that loads the samples has barcode 3 pasted, and the barcode is used for For storing sample information, such as test item information, patient information, etc., there is a gap 4 between the barcode 3 and the sample test tube 2, as shown in FIG. A set of signal values for a blood quality graded sample, wherein the set of signal values includes a first signal value, a second signal value, and a third signal value:

S1: the rotating device 1 drives the sample test tube 2 pasted with the barcode 3 to rotate 360°;

S2: The laser beam transmitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample. During the rotation of the sample test tube driven by the rotating device, the laser beam receiver receives the transmitted blood sample from the barcode on one side and shoots out from the barcode on the other side. A laser beam that penetrates the blood sample and is converted into a digital signal value as a first signal value;

S3: The laser beam transmitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample. During the rotation of the sample test tube driven by the rotating device, the laser beam receiver receives the penetrating blood sample transmitted from the bar code on one side and emitted from the slit 4. The laser beam of the blood sample is converted into a digital signal value as the second signal value;

S4: The laser beam transmitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample. During the rotation of the sample test tube driven by the rotating device, the laser beam receiver receives the transmitted blood sample from the slit and shoots out from the barcode on the other side. The laser beam of the blood sample is converted into a digital signal value as a third signal value;

Wherein, through experimental research, the first signal value is smaller than the second signal value, and the second signal value is smaller than the third signal value.

According to the obtained signal value groups of 12 samples with known blood quality grading, the following methods S5 to S8 are used to set the signal threshold value group in each blood quality grading state, and the signal threshold value group includes the first normal signal threshold value , Second Normal Signal Threshold, Third Normal Signal Threshold, First Light Signal Threshold, Second Light Signal Threshold, Third Light Signal Threshold, First Severe Signal Threshold, Second Severe Signal Threshold, and Third Severe Signal Threshold Signal Threshold:

S5: The number of known samples of normal blood is 3, the number of known samples of mild lipidemia is 4, and the number of known samples of severe lipidemia is 5;

S6: Acquire and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value, and the third signal value of the three known samples of normal blood according to the methods of S1 to S4, respectively, and calculate the known value of the three normal blood samples. The average value of the first signal values of the samples is the first normal signal threshold value N ₁ , the average value of the second signal values of the three known samples of normal blood is the second normal signal threshold value N ₂ , and the 3 The average value of the third signal values of the known samples of normal blood is the third normal signal threshold N ₃ ;

S7: Acquire and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value, and the third signal value of the four known samples with mildly abnormal quality respectively according to the methods of S1 to S4, The average value of the first signal values of the known samples of blood is the first mild signal threshold M ₁ , and the average value of the second signal values of the 4 known samples of mild lipidemia is the second mild signal threshold value M ₂ , the average value of the third signal values of the 4 known samples of mild lipidemia is the third mild signal threshold value M ₃ ;

S8: Acquire and calculate the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the five known samples of severe lipidemia according to the methods of S1 to S4, respectively, The average value of the first signal values of the known samples is the first severe signal threshold H ₁ , the average value of the second signal values of the five known samples of severe lipidemia is the second severe signal threshold H ₂ , and the The average value of the third signal values of the five known samples of severe lipidemia is the third severe signal threshold H ₃ ;

In an embodiment, 600≤N ₁ ≤700, 1500≤N ₂ ≤1800, 2500≤N ₃ ≤6000, 500≤M ₁ ≤650, 800≤M ₂ ≤1300, 1200≤M ₃ ≤5500, 500≤ H ₁ ≤ 600, 650 ≤ H ₂ ≤ 750, 700 ≤ H ₃ ≤ 1200.

In one embodiment, the method for analyzing blood quality grading by the analysis system includes:

Set the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample as P1, P2 and P3 respectively;

When 600≤P ₁ ≤700, and 1500≤P ₂ ≤1800, and 2500≤P ₃ ≤6000, the target sample is a normal sample;

When 500≤P ₁ ≤650, and 800≤P ₂ ≤1300, and 1200≤P ₃ ≤5500, the target sample is a sample with mild lipidemia;

When 500≦P ₁ ≦600, and 650≦P ₂ ≦750, and 700≦P ₃ ≦1200, the target sample is a sample with severe lipidemia.

The following are the analysis results of 9 target samples, wherein, as described in the previous embodiment, the first signal value is the penetration of the laser beam receiver when the transmitted blood sample is transmitted from one side bar code and emitted from the other side bar code. The laser beam of the blood sample is converted into a digital signal value, and the second signal value is the laser beam that penetrates the blood sample when the laser beam receiver receives the laser beam that transmits the blood sample from one side barcode and shoots out from the slit 4 The third signal value is a signal value that penetrates the blood sample when the laser beam receiver receives the transmitted blood sample from the slit and emits from the barcode on the other side and converts it into a digital signal value. Signal value:

A test tube component detection method involved in the present invention specifically includes:

Place the sample test tube 2 loaded with the target sample in the rotating device 1;

The rotating device drives the sample test tube to rotate 360°;

the laser beam transmitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample;

the laser beam receiver receives a laser beam penetrating the blood sample, and generates a first signal value, a second signal value and a third signal value according to the received laser light;

the laser beam receiver feeds back the generated first signal value, second signal value and third signal value to the processor;

The processor matches the received first signal value, second signal value and third signal value of the target sample with the signal threshold range conditions under each blood quality classification of the signal threshold group, the processor Analyze the quality of the target sample according to the matching result, that is, the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample satisfy the first normal signal threshold N ₁ , the second normal signal threshold N ₂ , the third normal signal threshold N 2 , and the third normal signal value simultaneously. A normal blood sample is determined only when the signal value range _of the signal threshold N3 is within the range of the signal value of the signal threshold N3, and the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample satisfy the first light signal threshold M ₁ and the second light signal respectively. A blood sample with mild lipemia is determined only when the signal value ranges of the threshold M ₂ and the third mild signal threshold M ₃ are within the range of the threshold value M 2 and the third mild signal threshold value M 3 , and the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample satisfy the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value respectively. A blood sample with severe lipidemia is determined only when the signal value ranges of the severe signal threshold H ₁ , the second severe signal threshold H ₂ , and the third severe signal threshold H ₃ are.

In the test tube component detection device and method of the present invention, the sample test tube is rotated by the rotating device, so that the laser beam transmitter can penetrate the blood sample from multiple positions, and the laser beam receiver can detect the laser beam received in different positions. Converting into different digital signal values, including the laser beam receiver receiving a first laser beam penetrating the blood sample and converting into a digital signal when the blood sample is transmitted from the barcode on one side and emitted from the barcode on the other side Signal value, the laser beam receiver receives the second signal value of the laser beam that penetrates the blood sample when it is emitted from one side of the barcode and transmits the blood sample and exits from the slit 4 and is converted into a digital signal, the laser beam receives The receiver receives the laser beam that penetrates the blood sample when it transmits the blood sample from the slit and exits from the barcode on the other side and converts it into a third signal value of a digital signal, and converts the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value. The three signal values are fed back to the processor, and the processor compares the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value with the first normal signal threshold N1, the second normal signal threshold N2, the third normal signal threshold N3, the first normal signal threshold N1, the first normal signal threshold The signal value ranges of the severe signal threshold M1, the second mild signal threshold M2, the third mild signal threshold M3, the first severe signal threshold H1, the second severe signal threshold H2, and the third severe signal threshold H3 are matched and judged, The blood quality result is determined only when the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value all fall within each of the three signal threshold ranges of a certain level. This solution, on the one hand, solves the problem in the prior art because There may be some individual or batch differences in the sticking position of the barcode attached to the sample test tube, which may affect the recognition accuracy of blood quality, because in this scheme, there are three position states for the acquisition of the target sample signal, which fully considers the sticking of the barcode. , which is not affected by barcode pasting. On the other hand, by comprehensively judging the three signal values obtained from the three position states, it is necessary to meet the three signal threshold range conditions of the corresponding level of blood quality at the same time to determine that the target sample falls into the corresponding level. Therefore, the method has high recognition accuracy and low error rate for blood quality.

The applicant declares that the above-described embodiments merely express the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions describe only the principles of the present invention. On the premise of the invention, various changes and improvements can also be made, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all embodiments adopting structures and methods similar to those of the present invention to achieve the purpose of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A test tube component detection device is characterized by comprising a rotating device, a laser beam transmitter, a laser beam receiver and a processor, wherein the laser beam transmitter is arranged opposite to the laser beam receiver, and the laser beam receiver comprises a photodiode and a signal amplifier;

the rotating device is used for bearing the sample test tube and rotating the sample test tube;

the laser beam emitter is used for emitting a laser beam which is transmitted through the blood sample;

the laser beam receiver is used for receiving the laser beam penetrating the blood sample and generating a signal value according to the received laser;

the processor is used for analyzing and judging the blood quality grading according to the signal value.

2. A cuvette composition detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation means is provided between the laser beam emitter and the laser beam receiver for rotating the loaded sample cuvette between a laser emitting area of the laser beam emitter and a laser receiving area of the laser beam receiver.

3. A cuvette composition detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor comprises a database system for storing sets of signal thresholds for different quality grades of blood and an analysis system; the analysis system is used for analyzing blood quality grading.

4. A cuvette composition detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the database system construction method comprises:

setting the grading number and the grading type of the blood quality;

according to the blood quality grading situation, N samples with known blood quality grading are selected in advance, and signal value groups of the N samples with known blood quality grading are obtained, wherein N is a natural number not less than the blood quality grading quantity, and the N samples with known blood quality grading cover each set blood quality grading;

and setting signal threshold values under different blood quality grading states according to the acquired signal value sets of the N samples with known blood quality grading.

5. The test tube component detecting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a bar code is attached to the sample test tube, a gap is left between the bar code and the sample test tube, the signal value group includes a first signal value, a second signal value, and a third signal value, and the method for acquiring the signal value group of the N samples with known blood quality classifications includes:

the rotating device drives the sample test tube adhered with the bar code to rotate;

acquiring a first signal value when a laser beam is emitted from a bar code on one side and penetrates a blood sample and is emitted from a bar code on the other side;

acquiring a second signal value when the laser beam is emitted from the bar code on one side and penetrates through the blood sample and is emitted from the gap;

and acquiring a third signal value when the laser beam is emitted from the slit to transmit the blood sample and is emitted from the bar code on the other side.

6. A cuvette composition detection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first signal value is smaller than the second signal value, and the second signal value is smaller than the third signal value.

7. The test tube component detection device according to claim 6, wherein the blood quality classification includes normal, mild quality abnormality and severe quality abnormality, the signal threshold set includes a first normal signal threshold, a second normal signal threshold, a third normal signal threshold, a first mild signal threshold, a second mild signal threshold, a third mild signal threshold, a first severe signal threshold, a second severe signal threshold and a third severe signal threshold, and the method for acquiring the signal threshold set includes:

set the known number of samples of normal blood to n₁The known number of samples of mild qualitative abnormality is set to n₂Setting the known number of samples with severe quality abnormality as n₃Wherein n is₁+n₂+n₃N is equal to N, and N₁、n₂And n₃All are natural numbers not less than 1;

respectively acquiring and calculating n according to the method₁The mean value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of a known sample of normal blood is set to n₁Setting n as the first normal signal threshold value as the average value of the first signal values of the known samples of normal blood₁The average value of the second signal values of the known samples of the normal blood is a second normal signal threshold value, and n is set₁The average of the third signal values of the known samples of normal blood is the third normal signal threshold;

respectively obtaining and calculating n according to the method₂Average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the known sample with mild quality abnormality, and n is set₂The average value of the first signal values of the known samples with the slight quality abnormality is a first slight signal threshold value, and n is set₂The average value of the second signal values of the known samples with the slight quality abnormality is a second lightness signal threshold value, and n is set₂Of mild qualitative abnormalityThe average of the third signal values of the known samples is the third mild signal threshold;

respectively obtaining and calculating n according to the method₃Setting n as the average value of the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the known samples with serious quality abnormality₃The average value of the first signal values of the known samples with the serious quality abnormity is a first serious signal threshold value, and n is set₃The average value of the second signal values of the known samples with the serious quality abnormity is a second gravity signal threshold value, and n is set₃The average of the third signal values of the known samples of severe quality anomalies is the third chrominance signal threshold.

8. The cuvette composition detection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the first normal signal threshold, the second normal signal threshold, the third normal signal threshold, the first light signal threshold, the second light signal threshold, the third light signal threshold, the first heavy signal threshold, the second heavy signal threshold, and the third heavy signal threshold are set to be N, respectively₁、N₂、N₃、M₁、M₂、M₃、H₁、H₂And H₃Wherein, N is more than or equal to 600₁≤700，1500≤N₂≤1800，2500≤N₃≤6000，500≤M₁≤650，800≤M₂≤1300，1200≤M₃≤5500，500≤H₁≤600，650≤H₂≤750，700≤H₃≤1200。

9. The cuvette composition testing device according to claim 8, wherein the method of analyzing the blood quality grading by the analyzing system comprises:

setting the first signal value, the second signal value and the third signal value of the target sample to be P1, P2 and P3 respectively;

when 600 is less than or equal to P₁Not more than 700 and not more than 1500₂P is not less than 1800 and not more than 2500₃When the sample is not more than 6000, the target sample is a normal sample;

when P is more than or equal to 500₁650 or less and 800 or lessP₂Not more than 1300 percent and not more than 1200 and not more than P₃5500 or less, the target sample is a sample with slight quality abnormality;

when P is more than or equal to 500₁Not more than 600, and not more than 650 and not more than P₂Not more than 750, and not less than 700P₃1200 or less, the target sample is a sample with severe quality abnormality.

10. A test tube component detection method using the test tube component detection apparatus according to claim 9, comprising:

placing a sample tube loaded with a target sample in the rotating device;

the rotating device drives the sample test tube to rotate;

the laser beam emitter emits a laser beam that transmits the blood sample;

the laser beam receiver receives a laser beam penetrating the blood sample and generates a first signal value, a second signal value and a third signal value according to the received laser;

the laser beam receiver feeding back the generated first, second and third signal values to a processor;

the processor matching the received first, second and third signal values of the target sample to signal threshold range conditions at each blood quality classification of the set of signal thresholds;

and the processor analyzes the quality condition of the target sample according to the matching result.

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