CN114575921A - Drainage anchor rod, slope drainage system and slope drainage treatment method for tunnel under slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a drainage bolt, a side slope drainage system and a drainage treatment method for a tunnel under a side slope, belonging to the technical field of tunnel side slope treatment, comprising an anchor body and a drainage inner pipe; The central hole provided, the bolt body is also provided with a plurality of water permeable holes communicating with the central hole; the inner drainage pipe is supported in the bolt body through the inner pipe skeleton, and the inner drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of drainage holes connected to the central hole ; Multiple drainage bolts, drainage branch pipes corresponding to each row of drainage bolts, and drainage main pipes corresponding to both sides of the bottom of the tunnel; during construction, the lengthened drainage bolts are driven into the surrounding rock near the sliding surface at the selected position; Ordinary drainage bolts and ordinary bolts are alternately arranged. The slope treatment method provided by the invention integrates anchoring and drainage, ensuring the stability of the slope and the safety of the tunnel at the same time; the effective combination of slope drainage and anchoring can reduce construction procedures, reduce construction costs, and shorten construction period .

Description

Drainage anchor rod, slope drainage system and slope drainage treatment method for tunnel under slope

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel side slope treatment, and in particular relates to a drainage bolt, a side slope drainage system and a side slope treatment method for realizing side slope drainage through a tunnel under the side slope.

Background technique

Bias pressure tunnels are formed due to asymmetric topography or geological rock formation factors, resulting in asymmetric loads on both sides of the tunnel structure. When the tunnel entrance is located on an unstable hillside with poor terrain conditions, and the thickness of the soil layers on both sides of the top of the tunnel is seriously inconsistent, it is a bias phenomenon. Tunnels can rupture and collapse in severe cases if not handled properly. When the pressure on one side of the tunnel is too high, the stress on the tunnel structure is uneven, local stress concentration and excessive deformation may lead to shear failure of the tunnel structure.

In the scene where the tunnel passes through the slope, especially when the volume of the tunnel and the slope is close, the effective control of the slope is of great significance to the stability and safety of the tunnel.

The principle of slope prevention and control should be based on prevention and supplemented by governance. At present, there are mainly several methods for slope management:

Drainage: Set up annular intercepting ditch at the perimeter of the landslide area, and set up platform drainage ditches and drainage holes on the landslide slope to form an organic whole, minimize surface water seepage, lower the groundwater level, and reduce the impact of groundwater on the physical mechanics of rock and soil. performance impact.

Slope anchoring: use metal parts, wood parts, polymer parts or other materials to make rods and columns, and drive them into the pre-drilled holes in the surface rock mass or the rock mass around the chamber, using the special structure and tail of the head and rod body. Supporting plate (or not), or relying on the bonding effect to combine the surrounding rock with the stable rock mass to produce suspension effect, combined beam effect and reinforcement effect to achieve the purpose of support.

Mechanical balance method: such as setting up retaining walls, anti-sliding piles, brushing slopes to reduce weight, etc.

This kind of slope treatment and protection has a certain effect on ordinary tunnel slopes, but the treatment of slopes under tunnels is different from ordinary slopes. Its special features are: (1) The existence of tunnel structures changes the internal mechanics of the slope. characteristics, for different engineering conditions, it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of traditional slope control methods for structures such as anti-slide piles; (2) the existing ordinary slope control methods separate drainage and anchoring, which increases the construction cost; (3) for In this patent, there is a slope under the tunnel. The existence of the tunnel can help the slope, and the drainage and anchoring can be combined; (4) The existence of the tunnel under the slope makes the traditional anti-slide piles, anchors and retaining walls. Slope control structures may not reach the design depth; (5) For slopes with biased tunnels, the use of cut-and-cover method to build deep drainage pipelines may disturb the soil, destroy the stability of the slope, and increase the risk of construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present invention provide a drainage bolt, a side slope drainage system, and a slope drainage treatment method for a tunnel under a side slope, which integrates drainage and anchoring, and aims to reliably and effectively manage the drainage of a tunnel under a side slope. .

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is to provide a drainage bolt, comprising:

The bolt body has a central hole arranged along the axial direction, and the bolt body is further provided with a plurality of water permeable holes communicating with the central hole; and

The inner drainage pipe is supported in the anchor rod body through the inner pipe skeleton, and the inner drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of drainage holes communicating with the central hole.

In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the outer wall of the inner drainage pipe is covered with a fiber mesh for filtering.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the inner port of the inner drainage pipe is provided with a bottom cover, and the outer end of the inner drainage pipe extends out of the bolt body and has a radially expanded connection Pipe section.

In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the bolt body includes an anchor head, an outer bolt pipe and an bolt connector connected in sequence, and the inner end of the inner drainage pipe abuts against the anchor On the inner end surface of the head, the outer end of the inner drainage pipe radially expands and is threadedly connected with the bolt connecting piece.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a waterproof rubber ring is arranged in the bolt connecting piece, and connecting holes are also arranged around the bolt connecting piece.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the anchor rod body further includes a waterproof rubber plug, and the waterproof rubber plug is sleeved on an end of the anchor rod outer tube that is connected to the anchor rod connecting piece.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the waterproof rubber plug has a conical structure.

In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, annular concave grooves and annular convex grooves are alternately provided on the anchor rod body along the axial direction, and the annular concave grooves and annular convex grooves are both provided with the Permeable holes.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a slope drainage system for passing through the slope tunnel, including:

a plurality of the drainage bolts, the drainage bolts are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the tunnel, and the drainage bolts in each row are arranged in a radial direction of the tunnel;

Corresponding to the drainage branch pipes of each row of the drainage bolts, the drainage branch pipes have an arched structure and are arranged in the tunnel according to the shape, and the drainage inner pipes of each of the drainage bolts are connected to the drainage branch pipes; and

Corresponding to the drainage main pipes on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel, both ends of each of the drainage branch pipes are connected to the drainage main pipe in parallel.

In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a slope drainage treatment method for a tunnel under a side slope, based on a side slope drainage system for a tunnel under a side slope, the method includes:

Use numerical simulation technology to determine the potential sliding surface of the slope after tunnel penetration;

According to the distance between the sliding surface and the anchor point of the bolt, determine the length and arrangement position of the extended drainage bolt and the ordinary drainage bolt;

After the primary lining layer of the tunnel is hardened, drive the extended drainage bolt into the surrounding rock near the sliding surface at the selected position; at the same time, the ordinary drainage bolt and the ordinary bolt are alternately arranged;

Fix the extended drainage bolt, ordinary drainage bolt and ordinary bolt on the primary lining layer;

Fill the extended drainage bolt and ordinary drainage bolt with water until water flows out;

Fill the permeable aggregate in the extended drainage bolt and ordinary drainage bolt and seal and compact;

Install drainage branch pipes, and fix the drainage branch pipes on the primary lining layer at certain intervals;

A plurality of protective brackets are evenly distributed along the circumference of each drainage branch pipe to form protection for the drainage branch pipe;

Lay the main drainage pipes on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel, and connect the drainage branch pipes to the main drainage pipes;

Laying geotextiles and secondary lining of tunnels.

Compared with the prior art, the side slope treatment method provided by the invention for realizing side slope drainage by using the tunnel under the side slope has the beneficial effect of: utilizing the drainage anchor rod to have the functions of its own anchor rod and drainage, and to the special structure of the under-penetration tunnel. The slope tunnel itself is anchored with the waterproof structure to drain the slope, reduce the internal diving level of the slope, and achieve the purpose of controlling the slope. It also ensures the safety of the tunnel; the effective combination of slope drainage and anchoring also reduces the construction process, reduces the construction cost, is efficient and convenient, shortens the construction period, and has strong integrity.

During the slope treatment construction, according to the depth and position of the potential sliding surface passing through the slope, design and lengthen the drainage bolt, and set up ordinary drainage bolts and ordinary bolts in other positions. The combination of the anchor rod and the ordinary anchor rod can realize the slope drainage of different depths, and can also use the strength of the ordinary anchor rod to improve the reliability of the anchoring of the drainage system, thereby improving the effectiveness of the drainage treatment of the tunnel under the slope. stability and stability.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drainage bolt provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an outer tube of an anchor rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the structure of an anchor rod connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional structure of the bolt connecting piece provided by Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure along the line A-A in Fig. 1;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner drainage pipe used in an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a layout diagram of a drainage bolt provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Description of reference numbers:

1. Anchoring head; 2. Outer pipe of bolt; 21. Annular concave pattern; 22. Annular convex pattern; 23. Water-permeable hole; 3. Waterproof rubber plug; 4. Bolt connecting piece; 41. Connecting hole; 42. Waterproof Rubber pad; 43. Waterproof rubber ring; 5. Drainage inner pipe; 51. Connecting pipe section; 52. Conical transition section; 53. Drainage hole; 6. Inner pipe frame; 61. Support rod; 62. Ring; 7. Permeable aggregate; 8. Drainage branch pipe; 9. Protection bracket; 91. Arc bracket; 92. Connecting plate; 93. Connecting rod; 10. Drainage main pipe.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 together, and now the drainage bolt provided by the present invention will be described. The drainage bolt includes: a bolt body and a drainage inner pipe 5; the bolt body has a central hole arranged along the axial direction, and the bolt body is also provided with a plurality of permeable holes 23 communicating with the central hole; the drainage inner pipe 5 is supported in the bolt body through the inner pipe frame 6, and the inner drainage pipe 5 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 53 which communicate with the central hole.

Compared with the prior art, the drainage bolt provided in this embodiment uses the drainage bolt to have the functions of its own bolt and drainage, and combines the self-anchoring and waterproof structure of the specially-structured down-slope tunnel to drain the slope. , reduce the internal diving level of the slope, achieve the purpose of controlling the slope, realize the integration of the tunnel and the slope drainage, ensure the stability of the slope, and at the same time ensure the safety of the tunnel and reduce the risk of construction; The effective combination of slope drainage and anchoring also reduces the construction process, reduces the construction cost, is efficient and convenient, shortens the construction period, and has strong integrity.

Water is an important factor affecting the stability of the slope. Some studies have found that when the rate of decline of the water level inside the slope lags behind that of the outside, the seepage directed to the outside of the slope is an important reason for the instability of the slope. In addition, the anti-sliding force provided by the rock and soil below the water table gradually decreases with the increase of the water table of the foundation pit. Therefore, the comprehensive prevention and control of the anti-skid slope management plan from the aspects of drainage and support can improve the stability of such slope management. This example proposes a better way to treat this kind of slope by changing the conditions for the slope body to slide down, improving the properties of the sliding surface, especially changing the water content of the slope.

Among them, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the permeable holes 23 on the bolt body are evenly arranged, and the drainage holes 53 on the inner drainage pipe 5 are arranged evenly. These two kinds of holes can be circular, elongated or polygonal. . The water in the surrounding rock enters the inner drainage pipe 5 through the permeable hole 23 and the drainage hole 53 , and is then discharged from the drainage main pipe 10 along the drainage branch pipe 8 from the inner drainage pipe 5 .

In some embodiments, in order to prevent the sand and gravel in the rock formation from entering the drainage hole 53 into the drainage inner pipe 5, and the drainage will block the drainage pipe for a long time. The fiber mesh has the effect of filtering. This embodiment is not shown in the figures.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the inner tube frame 6 includes a ring 62 and a plurality of support rods 61 radially connected to the ring 62 , and a plurality of inner tube frames are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the bolt body. 6. To support the inner drainage pipe 5 and improve the strength of the anchor rod, the inner drainage pipe 5 passes through the ring 62 and the inner end abuts the anchoring head 1 .

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 , the inner port of the inner drainage pipe 5 is provided with a bottom cover, and the outer end of the inner drainage pipe 5 extends out of the bolt body and has a radially expanded connecting pipe section 51 . The bottom cover of the inner port of the inner drainage pipe 5 can also be directly sealed and blocked by the end face of the anchoring end of the bolt body, which can prevent the entry of sand and gravel from the inner end of the inner drainage pipe 5, and ensure that the water enters the drainage through the fiber mesh from the drainage hole 53. Tube 5. At the same time, the outer end of the inner drainage pipe 5 protrudes from the bolt body, which is convenient for guiding and discharging the drainage, and it is also convenient for the inner drainage pipe 5 to be connected to the drainage system.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 6 , a conical transition section 52 may be provided at the outer end of the inner drainage pipe 5 to connect the radially expanded connecting pipe section 51 , and the connecting pipe section 51 is a circular pipe for easy access to the drainage system.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the bolt body includes an anchor head 1 , an outer bolt pipe 2 and a bolt connector 4 connected in sequence, and the inner end of the inner drainage pipe 5 abuts against the anchor head On the inner end face of 1 , the outer end of the inner drainage pipe 5 is radially expanded and connected with the bolt connecting piece 4 in a threaded connection. The anchoring head 1 can be a drill bit, which is convenient for the bolt to be driven into the surrounding rock; the outer tube 2 of the bolt and the inner wall of the anchor hole are fastened together, so that the bolt can be fixed reliably; The inner wall is fixed, and at the same time, the bolt connecting piece 4 also plays a role of sealing, so as to realize the blocking of the anchor hole, and finally the outer end of the inner drainage pipe 5 is exposed.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the bolt connecting member 4 is provided with a waterproof rubber ring 43 , and the surrounding of the bolt connecting member 4 is further provided with connecting holes 41 . A waterproof rubber ring is arranged between the bolt connecting piece 4 and the drainage inner pipe 5, which plays a sealing role between the bolt outer pipe 2 and the drainage inner pipe 5; on the inner wall of the tunnel. Regarding the setting of the waterproof rubber ring, an annular groove is generally arranged on the outer wall of the inner drainage pipe, and the waterproof rubber ring is partially embedded in the annular groove. The annular groove can realize the positioning of the waterproof rubber ring, and no example is given in the figure.

As another implementation of waterproofing of the bolt body, as shown in Figure 1, the bolt connector and the bolt outer tube are separated structures, that is, the bolt connector and the bolt outer tube are not fixedly connected, but The bolt connection is screwed to the inner drainage pipe. When the drainage bolt is anchored, the outer pipe of the bolt can be driven into the anchor hole first, then the inner drainage pipe can be inserted into the inner pipe skeleton, and then the waterproof rubber plug can be inserted into the outer end of the outer pipe of the bolt, and at the anchor hole The anchor hole is blocked, and then the anchor rod connecting piece is put on, and it is rotated inward until the anchor rod connecting piece squeezes the waterproof rubber plug and is connected with the tunnel wall.

It should be noted that the waterproof rubber plug has a certain length reserved to the outside, so that the bolt connecting piece can be pressed to form an elastic seal.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 , a waterproof rubber pad 42 can also be arranged between the bolt connector 4 and the tunnel wall to improve the sealing effect; the waterproof rubber ring 43 can also be fitted on the bolt connector 4 to the waterproof rubber plug In the slot on one side, after the bolt connecting piece 4 is installed in place, the waterproof rubber ring 43 is in extrusion contact with the waterproof rubber plug 3 to achieve a better sealing effect. The bolt connection is shown in Figure 4. It should be noted that the waterproof rubber pad and the waterproof rubber ring may not be attributed to the bolt connector, or in other words, the bolt connection component includes the bolt connector, waterproof rubber pad, and waterproof rubber ring. Therefore, the question about the ownership of components does not constitute a Restrictions on this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 , on the basis of the above embodiment, the bolt body provided in this embodiment further includes a waterproof rubber plug 3 , which is sleeved on one end of the bolt outer tube 2 and the bolt connecting member 4 . The setting of the waterproof rubber plug 3 is the sealing connection between the anchor rod body and the anchor hole.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 , the waterproof rubber plug 3 has a conical structure, so as to achieve the effect of pressing and sealing tightly.

As an improved implementation of waterproofing of the bolt body, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the bolt body is alternately provided with annular concave grooves 21 and annular convex grooves 22 in the axial direction. The annular concave grooves 21 and annular convex grooves 22 are provided with permeable holes 23 . The annular concave grooves 21 and the annular convex grooves 22 are provided to increase the water interception area, improve the gripping force of the bolt body, and improve the reliability of anchoring.

In order to further improve the gripping force of the bolt, as shown in FIG. 2 , the annular groove 21 is provided with a plurality of raised friction ribs along the circumferential direction. The cross-sections of the annular concave grooves 21 and the annular convex grooves 22 are arc structures.

Regarding the shape of the water permeable hole 23, optionally, circular holes are provided on the annular concave grooves 21, and oblong holes are provided on the annular convex grooves 22, and the cooperation of different hole types can improve water permeability.

In the drainage bolt provided in this embodiment, the outer pipe 2 of the bolt is anodized to enhance the anti-corrosion performance. The inner drainage pipe 5 is made of PVC material, and the outer side is affixed with a man-made fiber mesh and supported by an inner pipe frame 6. The man-made fiber mesh plays the role of diverting water and preventing the aggregate from sliding down, and the inner pipe frame 6 supports the drainage inner pipe 5. The role.

In the foregoing embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a slope drainage system for passing through a slope tunnel, including: a plurality of drainage bolts, a drainage branch pipe 8 corresponding to each row of drainage bolts, a corresponding Drainage mains 10 on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel.

The drainage bolts are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the tunnel, and the drainage bolts of each row are arranged in a radial direction of the tunnel. The inner drainage pipe 5 of each drainage bolt is connected to the drainage branch pipe 8; corresponding to the drainage main pipes 10 on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel, both ends of each drainage branch pipe 8 are connected to the drainage main pipe 10 in parallel.

The water collected through the permeable hole 23 of the outer pipe 2 of the anchor rod enters the inner drainage pipe 5, and enters the drainage main pipe 10 through the drainage branch pipe 8 for discharge.

As an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , a plurality of protective brackets 9 are evenly distributed along the circumference of each drainage branch pipe 8 to protect the drainage branch pipe 8. These protective brackets 9 can be made of plastic material. It is not easy to rust and has elasticity for easy bending. The drain branch pipe 8 and the drain main pipe 10 can also be made of PVC material, which is not easy to rust and is durable.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for controlling the side slope of a tunnel under a side slope. Based on a side slope drainage system of a tunnel under a side slope, the method mainly includes the design of the length and placement position of the drainage bolt; installation; laying drainage system; laying the overall waterproof geotextile four steps.

As shown in Figure 7, the detailed process flow is as follows:

Step 1, the design of the length of the drainage bolt and the placement position is carried out in the tunnel design stage, and the purpose is to determine the layout position of the ordinary drainage bolt and the extended drainage bolt.

Specifically, the finite element model of the tunnel and the slope is first established, and numerical simulation technology is used to determine the potential sliding surface of the slope after the tunnel is penetrated; Layout location.

Step 2, the installation of the drainage bolt is performed simultaneously with the installation of the bolt after the primary lining of the tunnel is completed.

It can be summarized as four steps: positioning, burying, filling and fixing. Positioning is to calibrate the installation position of the drainage bolt according to the designed position. The buried pipe is to drive the specially treated drainage bolt into the surrounding rock. Filling is to fill the driven drainage bolt into the permeable aggregate 7 and seal and compact it. Fixing is to fix the drainage bolt filled with aggregate on the initial support layer, that is, the primary lining layer, so as to stabilize the drainage bolt. The fixed end is provided with a waterproof rubber plug 3 and an anchor rod connecting piece 4 .

The specific method is as follows: after the primary lining layer of the tunnel is hardened, drive the extended drainage bolt into the surrounding rock near the sliding surface at the selected position; at the same time, the ordinary drainage bolt and the ordinary bolt are alternately arranged;

Fix the extended drainage bolt, ordinary drainage bolt and ordinary bolt on the primary lining layer;

Fill the extended drainage bolt and ordinary drainage bolt with water until water flows out;

The permeable aggregate 7 is filled in the extended drainage bolt and the ordinary drainage bolt, and it is sealed and compacted.

Among them, the permeable aggregate 7 is made of single-graded coarse sand, mixed with a small amount of polymer water-absorbing material to make permeable mortar. After the assembly is completed, it is only necessary to inject water into the inner drainage pipe 5 to realize its later filling and water collection functions. Compared with the traditional grouting process, it does not require high pressure grouting, which simplifies the construction process.

Step 3, install the drainage branch pipe 8 and the drainage main pipe 10 .

The steps of laying the drainage branch pipes 8 are carried out after the installation of the drainage bolts. The drainage branch pipes 8 at all levels are installed on the outer ends of the drainage bolts, and the drainage main pipes 10 are laid at the same time. One drainage main pipe 10 is arranged on each side of the tunnel. The drainage branch pipes 8 of all levels are connected to the drainage main pipe 10 in parallel. The drainage branch pipes 8 are fixed on the primary lining layer with pipe clamps at regular intervals. Once this step is complete, the drainage system is built.

Specifically, a plurality of protective brackets 9 are evenly distributed along the circumference of each drainage branch pipe 8 to form protection for the drainage branch pipe 8 and prevent pipeline deformation caused by secondary lining. The protection bracket 9 is fixed on the primary lining layer. The protection bracket 9 includes parallel arc brackets 91 and connecting rods 93 connecting the arc brackets 91 to improve the strength of the support. The arc brackets 91 are connected together to improve the integrity. The two ends of the arc-shaped bracket 91 can also be provided with connecting plates 92, and the arc-shaped bracket 91 is then fixed to the primary lining layer through the connecting plates 92. Wherein, a heat shrinkable gasket is arranged on the protection bracket 9 to offset the displacement change caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction.

Step 4: Laying geotextiles and secondary lining of the tunnel.

The overall geotextile laying is one step in the tunnel waterproofing step. In this method, the geotextile waterproof layer is laid outside the drainage system, and the water seepage under the slope and the slope drainage are isolated from the main structure of the tunnel, so as to realize the slope drainage anchorage integration. The geotextile is undulating and laid along the protection bracket 9 and the primary lining layer, so that the protection bracket 9 can protect the inner drainage pipe 5 .

In the slope drainage treatment method provided by the present invention, during the slope treatment construction, the drainage anchor rod is designed and lengthened according to the depth and position of the potential sliding surface passing through the slope, and ordinary drainage anchor rods and ordinary anchor rods can be set in other positions. , In this way, the combination of lengthened drainage bolts, ordinary drainage bolts and ordinary bolts can realize slope drainage of different depths, and can also use the strength of ordinary bolts to improve the reliability of the anchoring of the drainage system, thereby improving the drainage system. Effectiveness and stability of slope drainage governance for tunnels through side slopes.

The treatment method provided by the present invention utilizes the drainage bolt to have the functions of its own bolt and drainage, and combines the self-anchoring and waterproof structure of the specially-structured down-slope tunnel to drain the slope and reduce the internal diving level of the slope. To achieve the purpose of slope control, the integration of tunnel and slope drainage is realized, the stability of the slope is ensured, and the safety of tunnel construction and tunnel operation is ensured; the effective combination of slope drainage and anchoring also It reduces the construction process, reduces the construction cost, is efficient and convenient, and shortens the construction period.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. a drainage bolt, is characterized in that, comprises: an anchor rod body having a central hole arranged along the axial direction, and a plurality of water permeable holes (23) communicating with the central hole are further provided on the anchor rod body; and The inner drainage pipe (5) is supported in the bolt body through the inner pipe frame (6), and the inner drainage pipe (5) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (53) communicating with the central hole. 2 . The drainage bolt according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the outer wall of the inner drainage pipe ( 5 ) is covered with a fiber mesh for filtering. 3 . 3. The drainage bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner port of the inner drainage pipe (5) is provided with a bottom cover, and the outer end of the inner drainage pipe (5) protrudes out of the bolt body outside, and has a radially expanded connecting pipe section (51). 4. The drainage bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bolt body comprises an anchor head (1), an outer bolt pipe (2) and a bolt connector (4) connected in sequence, and the bolt body The inner end of the inner drainage pipe (5) abuts against the inner end surface of the anchoring head (1), and the outer end of the inner drainage pipe (5) is radially expanded and threaded with the bolt connecting piece (4). connect. 5. The drainage bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that, a waterproof rubber ring is provided in the bolt connecting piece (4), and connecting holes ( 41). 6. The drainage bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that, the bolt body further comprises a waterproof rubber plug (3), and the waterproof rubber plug (3) is sleeved on the bolt outer pipe (2) One end connected with the anchor rod connecting piece (4). 7 . The drainage bolt according to claim 6 , wherein the waterproof rubber plug ( 3 ) has a conical structure. 8 . 8. The drainage bolt according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, annular concave grooves (21) and annular convex grooves (22) are alternately provided on the bolt body along the axial direction, so The water permeable holes (23) are both provided on the annular concave pattern (21) and the annular convex pattern (22). 9. A side slope drainage system under a side slope tunnel is characterized in that, comprising: A plurality of drainage bolts according to any one of claims 1-8, the drainage bolts are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the tunnel, and the drainage bolts in each row are arranged in a radial direction of the tunnel. ; Corresponding to the drainage branch pipes (8) of each row of the drainage bolts, the drainage branch pipes (8) have an arched structure and are arranged in the tunnel according to the shape, and the drainage inner pipes (5) of each of the drainage bolts are connected to on the drain branch (8); and Corresponding to the drainage main pipes (10) on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel, both ends of each of the drainage branch pipes (8) are connected in parallel with the drainage main pipes (10). 10. a side slope control method utilizing the under-passing side slope tunnel to realize the side slope drainage, it is characterized in that, based on the side slope drainage system of the under-passing side slope tunnel as claimed in claim 9, the method comprises: Use numerical simulation technology to determine the potential sliding surface of the slope after tunnel penetration; According to the distance between the sliding surface and the anchor point of the bolt, determine the length and arrangement position of the extended drainage bolt and the ordinary drainage bolt; After the primary lining layer of the tunnel is hardened, drive the extended drainage bolt into the surrounding rock near the sliding surface at the selected position; at the same time, the ordinary drainage bolt and the ordinary bolt are alternately arranged; Fix the extended drainage bolt, ordinary drainage bolt and ordinary bolt on the primary lining layer; Fill the extended drainage bolt and ordinary drainage bolt with water until water flows out; Fill in the permeable aggregate (7) in the extended drainage bolt and ordinary drainage bolt and seal and compact; Install the drainage branch pipes (8), and fix the drainage branch pipes (8) on the primary lining layer at regular intervals; A plurality of protective brackets (9) are evenly distributed along the circumference of each drainage branch pipe (8) to protect the drainage branch pipe (8); Lay main drainage pipes (10) on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel, and connect the drainage branch pipes (8) with the main drainage pipes (10); Laying geotextiles and secondary lining of tunnels.

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