CN114572347A - Tsunami early warning monitoring system - Google Patents
Tsunami early warning monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114572347A CN114572347A CN202210286986.8A CN202210286986A CN114572347A CN 114572347 A CN114572347 A CN 114572347A CN 202210286986 A CN202210286986 A CN 202210286986A CN 114572347 A CN114572347 A CN 114572347A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tsunami early warning and monitoring system which comprises a tsunami detector, an anchor system buoy and a shore station data receiving system. The tsunami detector is fixed at the sea bottom, measures the sea level height, and performs data processing, tsunami wave judgment and report; the anchoring system buoy is anchored near the tsunami detector, floats on the sea surface, receives data sent by the tsunami detector, and transmits the data to a shore station data receiving system after identification and editing processing; meanwhile, the anchoring system buoy receives a shore station instruction and forwards the instruction to the tsunami detector in real time; the shore station data receiving system is arranged on land, receives data sent by the anchoring system buoy, and decodes, classifies, stores, displays and the like the data. The method can monitor the tiny change of the sea level height, has the function of automatically identifying the tsunami waves, can improve the accuracy and timeliness of tsunami forecasting, and can realize early discovery, real-time early warning and continuous monitoring of the tsunami waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine disaster monitoring, early warning and forecasting, and particularly relates to a monitoring system for early tsunami wave discovery and early warning.
Background
Tsunami is caused by earthquakes. When an ocean bottom earthquake occurs, due to the existence of faults, the ocean bottom is sunk or raised in a large area, so that the whole water body is driven to be sunk or raised, and large-scale water body disturbance forms shock waves (tsunami waves). When tsunami waves are formed in deep sea, the characteristics are as follows: the wave height is very small (several centimeters to tens of centimeters), the wavelength is very long (several hundred kilometers), the period is from several minutes to 1-2 hours, and the propagation speed is very fast (several hundred kilometers per hour). When the tsunami wave propagates to the shallow water area near the shore, the wave velocity, the wave height and the wave length of the tsunami wave are reduced due to the change of the terrain and the shallow water depth.
In the past, tsunami forecasting is carried out by utilizing earthquake monitoring data (including data of a submarine seismograph, such as patent CN 109061720A) and water level data of a plurality of ocean monitoring stations arranged in various places along the sea and combining numerical model calculation, but the method has the limitation of the method. Firstly, the seismograph does not directly monitor the tsunami and cannot directly acquire the characteristic parameters of the tsunami wave; secondly, the coastal tidal observation station is limited by the position and is only used for measuring the near shore water level data after the tsunami occurs and verifying the calculation result of the tsunami forecast numerical model; thirdly, the numerical model of tsunami forecasting is a simulation calculation of the tsunami process by using historical earthquake and tsunami data, and when the numerical model is lack of actual measurement data to be corrected, a calculation result has a large error. Therefore, the conventional tsunami forecast has low precision and many false reports and missed reports.
There are also some earthquake and tsunami monitoring devices that can monitor the earthquake waves and the water level (sea level height) changes near shore, such as patent CN 110320560 a, which sends out tsunami warning, still based on the earthquake data and the water level changes near shore, instead of the tsunami wave data. The monitoring equipment has low measurement precision and resolution for water level, so that the change of the sea level height from several centimeters to dozens of centimeters caused by the propagation of tsunami waves in deep and open sea cannot be sensed, the monitoring equipment is only suitable for offshore monitoring, and the obtained data and the sent early warning information have no obvious effect on improving the accuracy and timeliness of tsunami forecasting.
Disclosure of Invention
The tsunami early warning and monitoring system can improve accuracy and timeliness of tsunami forecasting and can realize early discovery, real-time early warning and continuous monitoring of tsunami waves.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a tsunami early warning and monitoring system comprises a tsunami detector, an anchoring buoy and a shore station data receiving system, wherein the tsunami detector comprises an underwater electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a first acoustic communication machine, a first acoustic releaser, a mounting platform, a counterweight, a first mooring cable and a first buoyancy component, the underwater electronic cabin, the battery cabin, the first acoustic communication machine and the first acoustic releaser are fixed on the mounting platform, the first buoyancy component, the first mooring cable, the first acoustic releaser and the counterweight are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a quartz resonance pressure sensor, a signal processing module and an underwater control module are mounted in the underwater electronic cabin, and the underwater control module controls the battery cabin and the first acoustic communication machine; the anchor system buoy comprises a water surface buoy, a second acoustic communicator, a second mooring cable, a second buoyancy assembly, a second acoustic releaser and an anchor, the water surface buoy is connected to the upper end of the second mooring cable, the anchor is connected to the lower end of the second mooring cable, the second acoustic communicator, the second buoyancy assembly and the second acoustic releaser are connected to the second mooring cable in series, a water surface electronic cabin is arranged on the water surface buoy, a water surface control module, a first satellite communication module and a battery pack are installed in the water surface electronic cabin, and the water surface control module controls the second acoustic communicator and the battery pack; the shore station data receiving system comprises a second satellite communication module and a shore station data processing system; the instructions sent by the shore station data processing system are transmitted to the water surface control module through the second satellite communication module and the first satellite communication module, and the water surface control module forwards the instructions from the shore station data processing system to the underwater control module through the second acoustic communication machine and the first acoustic communication machine; the quartz resonance pressure sensor continuously acquires and outputs a sea bottom pressure signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module processes the sea bottom pressure signal and converts the sea bottom pressure signal into sea level height data to transmit the sea level height data to the underwater control module, the underwater control module performs tsunami detection operation by using the sea level height data acquired in real time and a plurality of sea level height data in a previous time period to judge whether tsunami waves exist or not, and when the judgment result shows that the tsunami waves exist, the amplitude and time data of the tsunami waves are sent intensively immediately; when the judgment result is that no tsunami wave exists, the sea level height value and the time data are sent at regular time; the underwater control module transmits data to the water surface control module through the first acoustic communicator and the second acoustic communicator, and the water surface control module identifies the received data, such as tsunami data, immediately stores the data and transmits the data to the data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module; if the information is sea level height information, the water surface control module stores and edits the information and sends the information to the shore station data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module at regular time; the shore station data processing system decodes, classifies and stores the received data, and when the received data is tsunami wave information, the shore station data processing system continuously sends out early warning prompt information.
The first acoustic releaser is fixed at the central position of the mounting platform, the mounting platform is provided with a central hole, and a release hook at the lower end of the first acoustic releaser penetrates through the central hole to be connected with the counterweight.
The battery compartment has two, is cylindric sealed cabin body, and horizontal symmetry sets up both sides around first acoustics releaser are fixed through bracket and snap ring on the mounting platform, through the watertight cable with the power socket of electron cabin is connected under water.
The underwater electronic cabin and the first acoustic communication machine are respectively and vertically arranged on the left side and the right side of the first acoustic releaser, a pressure port, a power socket, a communication socket and a setting socket are arranged on an upper cover of the underwater electronic cabin, a sensing input port of the quartz resonance pressure sensor is in butt joint with the pressure port, the power socket is connected with the battery cabin and the communication socket is connected with the first acoustic communication machine through watertight cables.
The mounting platform is a table-shaped platform and comprises a rectangular mounting flat plate and four supporting columns.
The counterweight is a metal plate, is positioned below the mounting platform and is hung on the release hook of the first acoustic releaser through a metal ring.
The first buoyancy assembly is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed side by side to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected through shackles.
The water surface buoy is made of a foam floating body material, a lifting frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the water surface buoy, a mooring frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water surface buoy, a water surface electronic cabin is arranged in the center of the water surface buoy, and the water surface electronic cabin is fixedly connected with an installation chassis of the lifting frame.
The second buoyancy assembly is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed side by side to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected through shackles.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: aiming at the characteristic that tsunami waves in deep and far ocean are quickly diffused to the periphery after being formed at a source area, but have small wave height, the pressure sensor which takes a quartz resonator as a sensitive element can sense the tiny variation of the height of a water body, and measured sea level height data is directly input into an underwater control module embedded with a tsunami wave detection algorithm, so that the tsunami waves can be automatically identified, and information such as the amplitude, the period and the like of the tsunami waves can be directly obtained. In conclusion, the tsunami wave forecasting method directly depends on tsunami wave data, does not need post-processing, is directly used as an input parameter for calculation of tsunami forecasting, can improve forecasting accuracy, shorten forecasting time, improve accuracy and timeliness of tsunami forecasting, and can realize early discovery, real-time early warning and continuous monitoring of tsunami waves. The invention not only can be suitable for deep sea monitoring, but also can be suitable for near-shore monitoring, and can monitor tsunami waves earlier than near-shore monitoring, thereby being more convenient for realizing early discovery and early warning of tsunami waves and providing longer emergency response time for disaster defense.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the tsunami detector of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the anchoring buoy of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a tsunami detector; 2. anchoring the buoy; 3. a shore station data receiving system; 4. balancing weight; 5. an underwater electronic cabin; 6. a first acoustic releaser; 7. a first buoyancy assembly; 8. a first mooring line; 9. a first acoustic communicator; 10. a battery compartment; 11. mounting a platform; 12. a water surface buoy; 13. lifting the hanger; 14. a water surface electronic cabin; 15. a mooring frame; 16. a second acoustic communicator; 17. a second mooring line; 18. a second buoyancy assembly; 19. a second acoustic releaser; 20. and (6) an anchor.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a tsunami warning and monitoring system includes a tsunami detector 1, an anchor buoy 2, and a shore station data receiving system 3.
The tsunami detector 1 comprises an underwater electronic cabin 5, a battery cabin 10, a first acoustic communicator 9, a first acoustic releaser 6, an installation platform 11, a counterweight 4, a first mooring cable 8 and a first buoyancy component 7, wherein the underwater electronic cabin 5, the battery cabin 10, the first acoustic communicator 9 and the first acoustic releaser 6 are fixed on the installation platform 11, the first buoyancy component 7, the first mooring cable 8, the first acoustic releaser 6 and the counterweight 4 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a quartz resonance pressure sensor, a signal processing module and an underwater control module are installed in the underwater electronic cabin 5, and the underwater control module controls the battery cabin 10 to supply power; .
The anchor system buoy includes surface of water buoy 12, second acoustic communicator 16, second mooring line 17, second buoyancy subassembly 18, second acoustic releaser 19 and anchor 20, surface of water buoy 12 is connected the upper end of second mooring line 17, anchor 20 is connected the lower extreme of second mooring line 17, second acoustic communicator 16 second buoyancy subassembly 18 with second acoustic releaser 19 concatenates on second mooring line 17 be provided with surface of water electronics cabin 14 on surface of water buoy 12 install surface of water control module, first satellite communication module and battery pack in the surface of water electronics cabin 14, surface of water control module control the battery pack power supply.
The shore station data receiving system 3 comprises a second satellite communication module and a shore station data processing system.
The instructions sent by the shore station data processing system are transmitted to the water surface control module through the second satellite communication module and the first satellite communication module, and the water surface control module forwards the instructions from the shore station data processing system to the underwater control module through the second acoustic communication machine 16 and the first acoustic communication machine 9; the quartz resonance pressure sensor continuously acquires and outputs a sea bottom pressure signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module processes the sea bottom pressure signal and converts the sea bottom pressure signal into sea level height data to transmit the sea level height data to the underwater control module, the underwater control module performs tsunami detection operation by using the sea level height data acquired in real time and a plurality of sea level height data in a previous time period to judge whether tsunami waves exist or not, and when the judgment result shows that the tsunami waves exist, the amplitude and time data of the tsunami waves are sent intensively immediately; when the judgment result is that no tsunami wave exists, the sea level height value and the time data are sent at regular time; the data sent by the underwater control module is transmitted to the water surface control module through the first acoustic communicator 9 and the second acoustic communicator 16, and the water surface control module identifies the received data, such as tsunami data, immediately stores the data and sends the data to the data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module; if the information is sea level height information, the water surface control module stores and edits the information and sends the information to the shore station data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module at regular time; the shore station data processing system decodes, classifies and stores the received data, and when the received data is tsunami wave information, the shore station data processing system continuously sends out early warning prompt information.
The sea floor tsunami detector 1, the sea surface anchoring buoy 2 and the shore station data receiving system 3 are relatively independent, the tsunami detector 1 and the anchoring buoy 2 transmit data or instructions in an underwater acoustic communication mode, and the anchoring buoy 2 and the shore station data receiving system 3 transmit data or instructions in a satellite communication mode.
The tsunami detector is fixed at the sea bottom, measures the sea level height, and performs data processing, tsunami wave judgment and report. A tsunami wave detection algorithm is embedded in the underwater control module, so that the underwater control module has the function of automatically identifying tsunami waves and can directly obtain information such as the amplitude, the period and the like of the tsunami waves. For the tsunami wave detection algorithm, please refer to patent document CN105136126B, which discloses a method for detecting tsunami waves by using deep sea bottom pressure data.
The anchoring system buoy is anchored near the tsunami detector, floats on the sea surface, receives data sent by the tsunami detector, and transmits the data to the shore station data receiving system after being edited; the anchoring buoy can also receive a shore station instruction and forwards the instruction to the tsunami detector in real time.
The shore station data receiving system is arranged on land, receives the data sent by the anchoring system buoy, and decodes, classifies, stores, displays and the like the data.
The more detailed description is as follows:
the tsunami detector 1 is a monitoring platform fixed on the seabed, and consists of an underwater electronic cabin 5, a first acoustic communication machine 9, a battery cabin 10, a first acoustic releaser 6, a mounting platform 11, a counterweight 4, a first mooring cable 8 and a first buoyancy assembly 7.
The underwater electronic cabin 5 is a cylindrical sealed cabin body, the bottom of the cabin body is provided with a mounting hole, and the cabin body is fixed on the mounting platform 11 by bolts and is in an upright state; the pressure sensor, the signal processing module, the underwater control module and the like are arranged in the device; the upper cover of the underwater electronic cabin 5 is provided with a pressure port, a power socket, a communication socket and a setting socket, wherein the sensing input port of the pressure sensor is in butt joint with the pressure port, the power socket and the communication socket are respectively connected with the battery cabin 10 and the first acoustic communication machine 9 through watertight cables, and the setting socket is used for connecting a computer to perform testing and parameter setting. The pressure sensor measures the pressure of the sea bottom; the signal processing module processes the output signal of the pressure sensor and converts the output signal into sea level height data; and the underwater control module reads and stores the sea level height data according to the preset time interval, and performs tsunami wave detection operation by using the sea level height data.
The first acoustic communicator 9 is fixed on the mounting platform 11 by bolts, is in an upright state, and is connected with the communication socket of the underwater electronic cabin 5 through a watertight cable.
The battery cabins 10 are two cylindrical sealed cabin bodies, are horizontally and symmetrically arranged, are fixed on the mounting platform 11 through brackets and clamping rings, and are connected with the power supply sockets of the underwater electronic cabin 5 through watertight cables. The electric energy is more sufficient, is convenient for monitor under water for a long time.
The first acoustic releaser 6 is fixed at the central position of the mounting platform 11, a hole is formed in the central position of the mounting platform 11, and a release hook at the lower end of the first acoustic releaser 6 penetrates through the central hole of the mounting platform 11 to be connected with the counterweight 4. The upper end of the first acoustic releaser 6 is connected with the first mooring line 8 by a shackle. The first acoustic releaser 6 is used for recovering the tsunami detector, and after the first acoustic releaser 6 receives a release instruction, a release hook thereof is opened, and the counterweight 4 is separated from the first acoustic releaser 6.
The mounting platform 11 is a table-shaped platform, and includes a rectangular mounting plate and four support columns.
The counterweight 4 is a metal plate, is positioned below the mounting platform 11, and is hung on the release hook of the first acoustic releaser 5 through a metal ring.
The first mooring cable 8 is a chemical fiber cable, one end of the first mooring cable is connected with the first acoustic releaser 6, and the other end of the first mooring cable is connected with the first buoyancy component 7.
The first buoyancy assembly 6 is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed in parallel through bolts to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected through shackles. The first buoyancy member 6 provides buoyancy for recovery of the tsunami detector. After the first acoustic releaser 6 receives the release instruction, the release hook is opened, the counterweight 4 is separated from the first acoustic releaser 6, at the moment, the buoyancy of the tsunami detector is greater than the gravity, and the tsunami detector starts to float upwards until the sea surface is reached.
The surface anchoring buoy 2 is comprised of a surface buoy 12, a second acoustic communicator 16, a second mooring line 17, a second buoyancy module 18, a second acoustic release 19 and an anchor 20.
The surface buoy 12 is made of a foam float material and has a large buoyancy reserve. The surface buoy 12 is provided with a lifting frame 13, a mooring frame 15 and a surface electronic cabin 14. The lifting frame 13 and the mooring frame 15 are respectively provided with an installation chassis, the two installation chassis clamp the water surface buoy 12 in the middle, and the water surface buoy 12, the lifting frame 13 and the mooring frame 15 are connected into a whole through 4 long screws. The mooring bracket 15 is connected to a second mooring line 17. The water surface electronic cabin 14 is positioned in the center of the water surface buoy and is fixed with the chassis of the lifting frame 13, and the water surface buoy floats on the sea surface.
The water surface electronic cabin 14 is internally provided with a water surface control module, a first satellite communication module and a battery pack. The side wall of the water surface electronic cabin 14 is provided with a setting port and a communication port, the communication port is connected with the second acoustic communication machine 16 through a watertight cable, and the setting port is connected with a computer through the watertight cable.
The second acoustic communicator 16 is mounted in a mounting bracket which is connected in series in a second mooring line 17 and is located within a depth range of 10-20 meters below water. The second acoustic communicator 16 is connected to the communication port of the surface electronics bay 12 by a watertight cable.
The second mooring line 17 is composed of a plurality of sections of lines, the uppermost section and the lowermost section are metal anchor chains, the middle sections are chemical fiber lines, and the sections are connected by shackles.
A second buoyancy module 18 is connected in series in the second mooring line 17 above a second acoustic release 19. The second buoyancy module 18 provides buoyancy for the retrieval of the second acoustic releaser 19. The second buoyancy assembly 18 is composed of a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed in parallel to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected by using shackles.
The second acoustic releaser 19 is connected to the second buoyancy module 18 at its upper end and to the anchor 20 at its lower end, the second acoustic releaser 19 is used for retrieving the anchored buoy, and when the second acoustic releaser 19 receives a release command, its release hook is opened and the anchor 20 is disconnected from the anchored buoy.
The first and second acoustic releasers have the same structure and comprise an underwater machine and a deck unit, wherein the underwater machine is shown in the attached drawing, the deck unit is placed on a ship, the release action of the underwater machine is controlled by the deck unit, an acoustic instruction is sent during recovery, and the underwater machine executes the release action after receiving the instruction.
The anchor 20 is a metal weight.
The shore station data receiving system comprises a second satellite communication module and a shore station data processing system.
When the tsunami early warning and monitoring system is applied, the tsunami early warning and monitoring system is arranged in a deep sea area which is far off the shore and has tsunami risk, and the distance between the tsunami detector 1 and the water surface buoy 12 of the anchor system buoy 2 is within the underwater acoustic communication distance range. The sea bottom pressure signal is continuously acquired and output by a quartz resonance pressure sensor fixed on the tsunami detector 1. The quartz resonance pressure sensor can sense the tiny seabed pressure change, and has high measurement precision and measurement resolution. The method includes that a frequency signal output by a quartz resonance pressure sensor is processed by a signal processing module, converted into a sea level height value and transmitted to an underwater control module, the underwater control module performs tsunami detection operation by means of sea level height data acquired in real time and a plurality of sea level height data in a previous time period, and whether tsunami waves exist or not is judged, and a specific method refers to a method for detecting tsunami waves by means of deep sea pressure data in patent document CN 105136126B. When the judgment result shows that tsunami waves exist, amplitude and time data of the tsunami waves are sent to the first acoustic communication machine 9 at once, the first acoustic communication machine 9 converts the data into acoustic signals and transmits the acoustic signals to the second acoustic communication machine 16, the second acoustic communication machine 16 converts the received acoustic signals into data and sends the data to the water surface control module, and the water surface control module identifies the received data, if the data are tsunami wave information, the data are immediately stored and sent to the shore station data receiving system 3 through the first satellite communication module; for example, the sea level information is stored, edited and sent to the shore station data receiving system 3 by the water surface control module through the satellite communication module of the anchoring buoy 2 at regular time.
The acoustic communicators are used in pairs or in a one-to-two and two-to-one manner, and are respectively arranged in equipment at the sea bottom and the sea surface. And transmitting data acquired at the sea bottom to the sea surface equipment or transmitting instructions of the sea surface to the sea surface equipment through the acoustic communicator.
The shore station receiving system decodes, sorts, stores, displays, etc. the data. When the received data is tsunami wave information, the shore station receiving system continuously sends out early warning prompt information such as sound, images and the like, and displays tsunami wave waveform information.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A tsunami early warning and monitoring system is characterized by comprising a tsunami detector, an anchor system buoy and a shore station data receiving system,
the tsunami detector comprises an underwater electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a first acoustic communication machine, a first acoustic releaser, an installation platform, a counterweight, a first mooring cable and a first buoyancy component, wherein the underwater electronic cabin, the battery cabin, the first acoustic communication machine and the first acoustic releaser are fixed on the installation platform, the first buoyancy component, the first mooring cable, the first acoustic releaser and the counterweight are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a quartz resonance pressure sensor, a signal processing module and an underwater control module are installed in the underwater electronic cabin, and the underwater control module controls the battery cabin to supply power;
the anchor system buoy comprises a water surface buoy, a second acoustic communicator, a second mooring cable, a second buoyancy assembly, a second acoustic releaser and an anchor, the water surface buoy is connected to the upper end of the second mooring cable, the anchor is connected to the lower end of the second mooring cable, the second acoustic communicator, the second buoyancy assembly and the second acoustic releaser are connected to the second mooring cable in series, a water surface electronic cabin is arranged on the water surface buoy, a water surface control module, a first satellite communication module and a battery pack are installed in the water surface electronic cabin, and the water surface control module controls the battery pack to supply power;
the shore station data receiving system comprises a second satellite communication module and a shore station data processing system;
the instructions sent by the shore station data processing system are transmitted to the water surface control module through the second satellite communication module and the first satellite communication module, and the water surface control module transmits the instructions from the shore station data processing system to the underwater control module in real time through the second acoustic communication machine and the first acoustic communication machine;
the quartz resonance pressure sensor continuously acquires and outputs a sea bottom pressure signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module processes the sea bottom pressure signal and converts the sea bottom pressure signal into sea level height data to transmit the sea level height data to the underwater control module, the underwater control module performs tsunami detection operation by using the sea level height data acquired in real time and a plurality of sea level height data in a previous time period to judge whether tsunami waves exist or not, and when the judgment result shows that the tsunami waves exist, the amplitude and time data of the tsunami waves are sent intensively immediately; when the judgment result is that no tsunami wave exists, the sea level height value and the time data are sent at regular time; the underwater control module transmits data to the water surface control module through the first acoustic communicator and the second acoustic communicator, and the water surface control module identifies the received data, such as tsunami data, immediately stores the data and transmits the data to the data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module; if the information is sea level height information, the water surface control module stores and edits the information and sends the information to the shore station data processing system through the first satellite communication module and the second satellite communication module at regular time; the shore station data processing system decodes, classifies and stores the received data, and when the received data is tsunami wave information, the shore station data processing system continuously sends out early warning prompt information.
2. The tsunami warning and monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first acoustic releaser is fixed at a central position of the mounting platform, the mounting platform is provided with a central hole, and a release hook at the lower end of the first acoustic releaser passes through the central hole to be connected with the counterweight.
3. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein two battery compartments are cylindrical sealed compartments, are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the first acoustic releaser, are fixed on the mounting platform through a bracket and a snap ring, and are connected with power supply sockets of the underwater electronic compartment through watertight cables.
4. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the underwater electronic cabin and the first acoustic communicator are vertically disposed at the left and right sides of the first acoustic releaser, a pressure port, a power socket, a communication socket and a setting socket are disposed on an upper cover of the underwater electronic cabin, an induction input port of the quartz resonance pressure sensor is in butt joint with the pressure port, and the power socket and the battery cabin as well as the communication socket and the first acoustic communicator are connected by watertight cables.
5. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the mounting platform is a table-type platform comprising a rectangular mounting plate and four support columns.
6. The tsunami warning and monitoring system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the counterweight is a metal plate, is located below the mounting platform, and is hung on the release hook of the first acoustic releaser through a metal ring.
7. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the first buoyancy module comprises a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed side by side to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected by a shackle.
8. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the water surface buoy is made of a foam floating body material, a lifting frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the water surface buoy, a mooring frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water surface buoy, a water surface electronic cabin is arranged in the center of the water surface buoy, and the water surface electronic cabin is fixedly connected with a mounting chassis of the lifting frame.
9. The tsunami warning and monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the second buoyancy module comprises a plurality of pressure-resistant floating balls, every two pressure-resistant floating balls are connected and fixed side by side to form a group, and two adjacent groups of pressure-resistant floating balls are connected by a shackle.
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| CN202210286986.8A CN114572347A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Tsunami early warning monitoring system |
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