CN114571358B - A spindle with airtightness detection function and a method for detecting the airtightness thereof - Google Patents
A spindle with airtightness detection function and a method for detecting the airtightness thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114571358B CN114571358B CN202210195134.8A CN202210195134A CN114571358B CN 114571358 B CN114571358 B CN 114571358B CN 202210195134 A CN202210195134 A CN 202210195134A CN 114571358 B CN114571358 B CN 114571358B
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- cutter
- piston
- spindle
- rod
- air
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B45/00—Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
- B24B45/006—Quick mount and release means for disc-like wheels, e.g. on power tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spindle with an airtight detection function and a method for detecting the airtight of the spindle. A spindle with an airtight detection function comprises a spindle body, an oil cylinder and an air cylinder are arranged on one side, away from a cutter, of the spindle body, a broaching device is arranged in a rotor shaft and comprises a broaching rod, a spindle, a broaching claw for clamping the cutter, a reset spring and a movable cushion block, wherein the broaching claw is HSKA, one end, close to the cutter, of the spindle body is fixedly provided with a plurality of sealing rings which are arranged in a stepped mode along the axial direction of the spindle, the reset springs are arranged in a plurality of mode, the rotation directions of the reset springs are alternately arranged in the positive and negative directions, and when the reset springs are in a natural state, the broaching claw clamps the cutter. The spindle with the airtight detection function and the method for detecting the airtight of the spindle disclosed by the invention realize detection of the tightness between the cutter handle and the spindle, ensure the clamping of a cutter and ensure the grinding precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machine tools, in particular to a spindle with an airtight detection function and a method for detecting the airtight of the spindle.
Background
Motorized spindles are new technologies that integrate machine tool spindles with spindle motors that are emerging in the field of numerically controlled machine tools. The electric spindle directly drives the cutter to rotate, so that an important unit for cutting and grinding a workpiece is realized.
When the traditional electric spindle is connected with the cutter handle of the cutter, a gap or an installation error possibly exists between the cutter handle and the electric spindle, so that the pull claw cannot clamp the cutter handle of the cutter, if the pull claw cannot be found in time to adjust, the cutter is easy to vibrate, ripple and taper during cutting, and the grinding precision of a workpiece is further affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a spindle with an airtight detection function and a method for detecting the airtight of the spindle, which are used for detecting the tightness between a cutter handle and the spindle, ensuring the clamping of a cutter and ensuring the grinding precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The main shaft with the airtight detection function comprises a machine body, wherein a stator, a rotor and a rotor shaft are arranged in the machine body, an oil cylinder and an air cylinder are arranged on one side, away from a cutter, of the machine body, the oil cylinder comprises a first cylinder body and a first piston, the air cylinder comprises a second cylinder body and a second piston, and when oil liquid is injected into the first cylinder body or the second piston is driven to move, the first piston can move in a telescopic mode along the axial direction of the first piston;
The rotor shaft is internally provided with a broaching device, the broaching device comprises a broaching rod, a mandrel, a pulling claw for clamping a cutter, a reset spring and a movable cushion block, wherein the pulling claw adopts HSKA pulling claws, the movable cushion block and the mandrel are fixedly connected with the broaching rod, the first piston and the broaching rod are provided with air passages which are communicated with each other, and when the first piston moves towards one side close to the cutter, the first piston can push the broaching rod to synchronously move;
the mandrel is fixedly provided with a plurality of sealing rings at one end close to the cutter, and the plurality of sealing rings are arranged in a step shape along the axial direction of the mandrel;
the number of the reset springs is multiple, the rotation directions of the reset springs are in positive and negative alternate arrangement, and when the reset springs are in a natural state, the pulling claw clamps the cutter.
Further, a piston rod is fixedly arranged on the first piston, the second piston is sleeved outside the piston rod, and an air inlet channel communicated with the air channel is formed in the piston rod.
Further, a cutter head is fixedly arranged on the broach rod, a slot for inserting the end part of the first piston is formed in the cutter head, the end part of the broach rod extends to the inside of the slot, a relief groove for inserting the end part of the broach rod is formed in the first piston, and a sealing ring is arranged between the first piston and the slot;
when the first piston is inserted into the slot, the broach rod is inserted into the abdication groove, and a gap is reserved between the end part of the broach rod and the bottom wall of the abdication groove.
Based on the main shaft with the airtight detection function, the method for detecting the airtight performance of the main shaft broach comprises the following steps:
S1, manufacturing and adapting a mandrel according to HSKA pull claw specifications, wherein the outer diameter of the mandrel is smaller than the inner diameter of the pull claw, one end of the mandrel is provided with a big head end, a sealing ring is embedded into the big head end of the mandrel, and the outer diameters of a plurality of sealing rings are gradually reduced along the axial direction of the mandrel;
A connecting groove is formed in the end part of the rotor shaft, and the aperture of the connecting groove is gradually reduced along the axial direction;
S2, installing an oil cylinder, an air cylinder and a machine body together, starting the oil cylinder to push a pulling cutter bar, pushing out the big end of a mandrel, then inserting the end part of a cutter into a connecting groove, driving the oil cylinder reversely, and restoring the pulling cutter bar to the original position under the action of a reset spring, wherein the big end of the mandrel can drive a pulling claw to expand outwards at the moment so that the cutter is limited between the inner wall of the connecting groove and the end part of the pulling claw;
S3, connecting a pipe joint, a pressure switch and an alarm on the air passage, wherein the pressure switch is electrically connected with the alarm;
And S4, in the broaching state, introducing 0.5Mpa of air pressure into the air passage, and if the pressure value detected by the internal pressure switch is smaller than 0.3Mpa within 10 minutes, alarming by the alarm, so that the air tightness of the joint of the main shaft and the tool can be judged to be unqualified.
Further, the end part of the cutter is extended with an inserting part which is inserted into the big end of the mandrel, and the sealing ring is stepped to seal the assembly seam between the inserting part and the mandrel.
Further, a chamfer is arranged at the opening of the connecting groove of the rotor shaft.
Further, an inclined plane is arranged on the contact surface of the big end of the mandrel and the pull claw.
Further, in step S4, after the air tightness is qualified, a vacuum pump is connected to the air channel, then the vacuum pump is started, the vacuum pump is started to suck the tool, and the vacuum pump and the sucker are matched to suck the tool.
The main shaft with the airtight detection function and the method for detecting the airtight of the main shaft have the beneficial effects that:
1. When the first piston is driven to move towards one side close to the cutter, the first piston can push the cutter pulling rod to synchronously move, the cutter pulling rod drives the movable cushion block on the cutter pulling rod and the mandrel to synchronously move, the end face of the mandrel stretches out of the rotor shaft to push the cutter to loose the cutter or change the cutter, the cutter and the pull claw are connected in a cutter loosening state, the thrust of the first piston to the cutter pulling rod is relieved, the cutter pulling rod is restored to the original position under the action of the reset spring, the mandrel is driven to restore, the clamping of the cutter is further driven, the cutter pulling is completed, gas is injected into the air passage after the cutter pulling, and whether the contact between the mandrel and the cutter is tight or not is judged by observing the pressure value change of the gas, so that whether the cutter pulling claw clamps the cutter or not is judged.
2. Through injecting gas into the air flue, through the change of the interior gas pressure of pressure switch real-time supervision air flue, realize the short-term test to the gas tightness, convenient operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a spindle broach with air tightness detection according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a state of connection of a spindle and a tool with an airtight detection function according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the loose cutter state of the spindle with the airtight detection function disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 5;
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 6;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a spindle airtight detection state with an airtight detection function according to the present disclosure;
Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line E-E in fig. 8.
The device comprises a machine body 1, a stator 11, a rotor 12, a rotor 121, a connecting groove 13, a rotor shaft 2, a connecting seat 3, an oil cylinder 31, a first cylinder body 311, a first sealing cavity 312, a through hole 32, a first piston 321, a yielding groove 4, an air cylinder 41, a second cylinder body 411, a guide hole 42, a second piston 5, a broaching device 51, a broaching rod 511, an air passage 52, a core shaft 53, a pulling claw 54, a return spring 55, a movable cushion block 6, a knife striking disc 61, a slot 7, a sealing ring 71, a sealing ring 81, a guide belt 82, a sealing gasket 9, a piston rod 91, an air inlet channel 10 and a knife.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a spindle with airtight detection function includes a machine body 1, wherein a connecting seat 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the machine body 1 far away from a cutter, and the connecting seat 2 and the machine body 1 are connected together through bolts. The connecting seat 2 is kept away from the one end of organism 1 and has been set firmly hydro-cylinder 3 and cylinder 4, and hydro-cylinder 3 and cylinder 4 are coaxial, and hydro-cylinder 3 is located between cylinder 4 and the connecting seat 2, and hydro-cylinder 3 and cylinder 4 fixed connection, organism 1, connecting seat 2, hydro-cylinder 3, cylinder 4 constitute wholly.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the inside of the machine body 1 is provided with a stator 11, a rotor 12 and a rotor shaft 13, wherein the inside of the rotor shaft 13 is provided with a broaching device 5, and the broaching device 5 comprises a broaching bar 51, a mandrel 52, a pulling claw 53 for clamping a tool, a return spring 54 and a movable cushion block 55.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a connecting groove 121 is formed in an end of the rotor shaft 13, which is far from the connecting seat 2, in a radial direction thereof, and a bore diameter of the connecting groove 121 is gradually reduced in an axial direction, and a chamfer is formed at a larger open end of the connecting groove 121 of the rotor shaft 13. The broach rod 51 and the rotor shaft 13 are coaxially disposed, and one end of the broach rod 51 penetrates the rotor shaft 13 and extends into the connection seat 2.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, one end of the mandrel 52 is sleeved on the end of the broach rod 51, and the mandrel 52 and the broach rod 51 are connected together by threads. The end of the mandrel 52 remote from the broach rod 51 extends in a delayed radial direction with a large head end, and an inclined plane transition is arranged between the large head end and the mandrel 52. Two sealing rings 71 are arranged in the large end of the mandrel 52, the two sealing rings 71 are arranged in a step shape along the axial direction of the mandrel 52, the outer diameter of the sealing ring 71 close to one side of the cutter 10 is larger than that of the other sealing ring 71, and the inner diameters of the two sealing rings 71 are equal.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pull claw 53 is HSKA, the pull claw 53 is sleeved outside the mandrel 52, when the big end of the mandrel 52 contacts with the pull claw 53, the big end of the mandrel 52 can drive the pull claw 53 to expand outwards, and the inclined plane is tangent to the outer wall of the pull claw 53.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, one end of the pull claw 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotor shaft 13, and the other end is a free end. A space for inserting the end of the cutter 10 is formed between the free end of the pull claw 53 and the inner wall of the smaller opening end of the connecting groove 121 of the rotor shaft 13, and when the cutter 10 is inserted into the space, the pull claw 53 and the mandrel 52 are matched to clamp and fix the cutter 10.
Referring to fig. 2, there are two return springs 54, and the two return springs 54 are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the drag link 51, and the directions of rotation of the two return springs 54 are opposite. The return spring 54 is a compression spring, the return spring 54 is sleeved at the middle part of the broach rod 51, and a space for deformation of the return spring 54 is formed in the inner wall of the rotor shaft 13.
Referring to fig. 2, three movable spacers 55 are provided, and three movable spacers 55 are disposed in the space, wherein one movable spacer 55 is disposed between two return springs 54, and the other two movable spacers 55 are disposed at two ends of the space in the length direction, and the three movable spacers 55 are fixedly connected with the broach rod 51, such that when the broach rod 51 moves along the axial direction thereof toward a side close to the tool 10, the broach rod 51 can drive the movable spacers 55 to squeeze the return springs 54.
Referring to fig. 2, the oil cylinder 3 is an oil cylinder, and includes a first cylinder body 31 and a first piston 32, wherein a first sealing cavity 311 having an opening at one side is formed in the first cylinder body 31, the aperture of the opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sealing cavity 311, and the first sealing cavity 311 is communicated with the connecting seat 2 through the opening. The first cylinder 31 is provided with a filling hole, and the filling hole is arranged at one side close to the bottom wall of the first sealing cavity 311.
Referring to fig. 2, the first piston 32, the draw bar 51, and the spindle 52 are provided with air passages 511 that are in communication with each other. The cross section of the first piston 32 is T-shaped, a pressure cavity is formed between the end face of the first piston 32 and the bottom wall of the first sealing cavity 311, the filling hole is communicated with the inside and the outside of the pressure cavity, pressure oil is filled into the pressure cavity through the filling hole, and the first piston 32 can be pushed to move towards one side close to the cutter 10 under the action of oil pressure. One end of the first piston 32 penetrates through the opening of the first sealing cavity 311 and extends into the connecting seat 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a cutter disc 6 is disposed between the first piston 32 and the cutter bar 51, and the cutter disc 6 is sleeved outside the cutter bar 51 and fixedly connected to the cutter bar 51. The cross section of the cutter head 6 is trapezoidal, the lower bottom surface of the cutter head 6 faces the first piston 32, a slot 61 for inserting the end part of the first piston 32 is formed in the middle of the cutter head 6, the end part of the cutter rod 51 extends to the inside of the slot 61, a yielding groove 321 for inserting the end part of the cutter rod 51 is formed in the first piston 32, when the end surface of the first piston 32 contacts with the bottom wall of the slot 61, an air channel 511 of the first piston 32 is communicated with the air channel 511 of the cutter rod 51, the cutter rod 51 is inserted into the yielding groove 321, and at the moment, a gap is reserved between the end part of the cutter rod 51 and the bottom wall of the yielding groove 321, so that the cutter head 6 can be conveniently propped up by the first piston 32.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the sealing ring 7 is fixed on the first piston 32, and when the first piston 32 is inserted into the slot 61, the sealing ring 7 can seal a splice joint between the first piston 32 and the cutter striking plate 6, so that gas in the detection air passage 511 is not easy to leak from the splice joint, and the tightness is improved.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, the cylinder 4 is a cylinder, the cylinder handle includes a second cylinder 41 and a second piston 42, the second cylinder 41 and the first cylinder 31 have the same structure, which will not be described in detail herein, a through hole 312 communicating with the opening of the second cylinder 41 is provided in the bottom wall of the first sealing cavity 311, and the second cylinder 41 and the first cylinder 31 are communicated through the through hole 312. The second piston 42 has the same structure as the first piston 32, and will not be described again herein, and when the air cylinder is not filled with air, the end face of the second piston 42 is flush with the bottom face of the first sealing cavity 311, so that the pressure oil filled into the first cylinder 31 is not easy to enter the second cylinder 41.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the second piston 42 and the first piston 32 are coaxially arranged, when the broaching state is performed, no pressure oil exists in the oil cylinder, the second piston 42 abuts against the first piston 32, gas is injected into the air cylinder at this time, and the second piston 42 can push the first piston 32 to move axially, so that the first piston 32 and the broaching disc 6 are tightly propped.
With reference to fig. 6 and 7, a guide belt 81 and two sealing washers 82 are disposed between the second piston 42 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 41, and the two sealing washers 82 are disposed on two sides of the guide belt 81, so that liquid in the first cylinder 31 is not easy to enter the second cylinder 41, and tightness of the first cylinder 31 and the second cylinder 41 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a piston rod 9 is fixedly disposed on a side of the first piston 32 facing the second piston 42, a through hole for the piston rod 9 to pass through is formed in the second piston 42, a guide hole 411 is formed in the bottom wall of the second cylinder 41, the piston rod 9 penetrates through the second piston 42 and then is inserted into the guide hole 411, and the second piston 42 is slidably connected with the piston rod 9. Before the air tightness detection, air is injected into the air cylinder, the air pushes the second piston 42 to push the first piston 32 to move towards the beater disc 6, and the piston rod 9 can realize the movement guiding function of the second piston 42.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the piston rod 9 is provided with an air inlet channel 91 which is communicated with the air channel 511, the second cylinder 41 is provided with a gas inlet which is communicated with the air inlet channel 91, when the end of the first piston 32 is inserted into the beater disc 6, gas is introduced from the gas inlet, and sequentially passes through the air inlet channel 91 and the air channel 511 and then enters between the mandrel 52 and the cutter 10, whether the contact between the mandrel 52 and the cutter 10 is tight or not is judged by observing the change of the pressure value of the gas, so that whether the cutter 10 is clamped by the pull claw 53 is judged, and when the cutter 10 is clamped by the pull claw 53, the pressure value of the gas is stable and unchanged.
The application is based on the principle that when the cutter 10 is not installed, the end part of the first piston 32 is inserted into the cutter head 6, and at this time, the air passage 511 of the first piston 32 is communicated with the air passage 511 of the broaching rod 51. When the cutter 10 is installed or replaced, pressure oil is injected into the oil cylinder, the pressure oil pushes the first piston 32 to move towards the side close to the cutter 10, the first piston 32 can push the cutter pulling rod 51 to synchronously move, the cutter pulling rod 51 drives the movable cushion block 55 and the mandrel 52 on the cutter pulling rod 51 to synchronously move, so that the end face of the mandrel 52 extends out of the rotor shaft 13, and at the moment, the reset spring 54 is in a compressed state, thereby facilitating cutter loosening or cutter changing work and achieving a cutter loosening state (see fig. 6);
The cutter 10 and the pull claw 53 are connected in the cutter loosening state, the pressure oil in the oil cylinder is discharged, the cutter pulling rod 51 is restored to the original position under the action of the reset spring 54, the mandrel 52 is driven to restore to the original position, the cutter 10 is clamped, the cutter is in the cutter pulling state (see fig. 2) at the moment, and meanwhile, the end part of the first piston 32 is far away from the cutter striking plate 6.
In the broaching state, air is introduced into the air cylinder, the air pushes the second piston 42 to move, the second piston 42 pushes the first piston 32 to synchronously move, so that the end part of the first piston 32 is reinserted into the tool chuck 6, the first piston 32 is communicated with the broaching rod 51 to achieve an airtight detection state (combining fig. 8 and 9), then air is introduced from the air inlet, sequentially passes through the air inlet channel 91 and the air channel 511 and then enters between the mandrel 52 and the tool 10, whether the contact between the mandrel 52 and the tool 10 is tight or not is judged by observing the change of the pressure value of the air, and therefore whether the pulling claw 53 clamps the tool 10 or not is judged, and when the pulling claw 53 clamps the tool 10, the pressure value of the air is stable and unchanged.
Example 2
Based on the spindle having the airtight detection function in embodiment 1, the method for detecting the airtight property in the state of the spindle broach includes the steps of:
S1, according to a spindle 52 manufactured and matched with HSKA pull claws 53 in specification, embedding sealing rings into the large end of the spindle 52, wherein the inner diameters of the sealing rings are equal to the inner diameter of the spindle 52, and the outer diameters of the sealing rings are gradually reduced along the axial direction of the spindle 52;
S2, installing the oil cylinder 3, the air cylinder 4 and the machine body 1 together, starting the oil cylinder 3 to push the pulling rod 51, pushing out the big end of the mandrel 52, then inserting the end part of the cutter 10 into the connecting groove 121, driving the oil cylinder 3 reversely, and restoring the pulling rod 51 to the original position under the action of the reset spring 54, wherein the big end of the mandrel 52 can drive the pulling claw 53 to expand outwards, so that the cutter 10 is limited between the inner wall of the connecting groove 121 and the end part of the pulling claw 53;
s3, connecting a pipe joint, a pressure switch and an alarm on the air flue 511, wherein the pressure switch is electrically connected with the alarm;
S4, in the broaching state, air pressure of 0.5Mpa is introduced into the air passage 511, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure switch is smaller than 0.3Mpa within 10 minutes, the alarm alarms, so that the air tightness of the joint of the main shaft and the tool 10 can be judged to be unqualified;
When the air tightness is qualified, the cutter is replaced by a sucker, then a vacuum pump is connected to the air passage 511, then the vacuum pump is started, the vacuum pump is started to vacuum, and the cutter or other workpieces are moved under the action of the vacuum pump and the sucker.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The main shaft with the airtight detection function comprises a machine body (1), wherein a stator (11), a rotor (12) and a rotor shaft (13) are arranged in the machine body (1), and the main shaft is characterized in that an oil cylinder (3) and an air cylinder (4) are arranged on one side, far away from a cutter, of the machine body (1), the oil cylinder (3) comprises a first cylinder body (31) and a first piston (32), the air cylinder (4) comprises a second cylinder body (41) and a second piston (42), and when oil liquid is injected into the first cylinder body (31) or the second piston (42) is driven to move, the first piston (32) can move in a telescopic mode along the axial direction of the first piston;
The rotor shaft (13) is internally provided with a broach device (5), the broach device (5) comprises a broach rod (51), a mandrel (52), a pulling claw (53) for clamping a cutter (10), a return spring (54) and a movable cushion block (55), the pulling claw (53) adopts HSKA to pull the claw (53), the first piston (32) and the broach rod (51) are provided with air passages (511) which are communicated with each other, and when the first piston (32) moves towards one side close to the cutter, the first piston (32) can push the broach rod (51) to synchronously move;
One end of the mandrel (52) close to the cutter is fixedly provided with a plurality of sealing rings (71), and the plurality of sealing rings (71) are arranged in a step shape along the axial direction of the mandrel (52);
The rotary direction of the plurality of reset springs (54) is in positive and negative alternate arrangement, when the reset springs (54) are in a natural reset state, the pull claw (53) clamps the cutter (10), a piston rod (9) is fixedly arranged on the first piston (32), the second piston (42) is sleeved outside the piston rod (9), an air inlet channel (91) communicated with the air channel (511) is arranged on the piston rod (9), a cutter head (6) is fixedly arranged on the pull cutter rod (51), a slot (61) for inserting the end part of the first piston (32) is arranged on the cutter head (6), the end part of the pull cutter rod (51) extends into the slot (61), a yielding groove (321) for inserting the end part of the pull cutter rod (51) is arranged on the first piston (32), a sealing ring (7) is arranged between the first piston (32) and the slot (61), and a pipe joint, a pressure switch and an alarm are connected on the air channel (511);
when the first piston (32) is inserted into the slot (61), the broach rod (51) is inserted into the abdication slot (321), and a gap is reserved between the end part of the broach rod (51) and the bottom wall of the abdication slot (321);
When the first piston (32) is driven by pressure oil to move towards one side close to the cutter, the end part of the first piston is inserted into a slot of the cutter head, and the first piston pushes the cutter pulling rod to move towards one side close to the cutter to push the pull claw to open so as to grasp or loosen the cutter;
When the first piston is driven by the second piston to move towards one side close to the cutter, the end part of the first piston is inserted into a slot of the cutter head, an air inlet channel is communicated with an air channel, 0.5Mpa of air is introduced from an air inlet, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure switch in 10min is less than 0.3Mpa, an alarm alarms.
2. The method for detecting the air tightness of the spindle broach according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, manufacturing and adapting a mandrel (52) according to HSKA pull claw (53) specifications, setting one end of the mandrel (52) as a big head end, embedding sealing rings (71) into the big head end of the mandrel (52), and gradually reducing the outer diameters of the plurality of sealing rings (71) along the axial direction of the mandrel (52);
a connecting groove (121) is formed at the end part of the rotor shaft (13), and the aperture of the connecting groove (121) is gradually reduced along the axial direction;
S2, installing the oil cylinder (3), the air cylinder (4) and the machine body (1) together, starting the oil cylinder (3) to push the broach rod (51), pushing out the big end of the mandrel (52), then inserting the end part of the cutter into the connecting groove (121), driving the oil cylinder (3) reversely, and restoring the broach rod (51) to the original position under the action of the reset spring (54), wherein the big end part of the mandrel (52) can drive the broach claw (53) to expand outwards so that the cutter is limited between the inner wall of the connecting groove (121) and the end part of the broach claw (53);
S3, installing a connecting pipe joint, a pressure switch and an alarm on the air passage (511), wherein the pressure switch is electrically connected with the alarm;
And S4, in the broaching state, air pressure of 0.5Mpa is introduced into the air passage (511), and if the pressure value detected by the pressure switch is smaller than 0.3Mpa within 10 minutes, the alarm gives an alarm to remind, so that the air tightness of the joint of the main shaft and the tool can be judged to be unqualified.
3. A method for detecting tightness in a spindle broach according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the tool (10) is extended with a spigot which is inserted inside the large end of the spindle (52), the stepped sealing ring (71) sealing the fitting gap between the spigot and the spindle (52).
4. Method for detecting tightness in a spindle broach according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotor shaft (13) is provided with a chamfer at the opening of the connecting slot (121).
5. A method for detecting air tightness in a spindle broach according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface of the large end of the spindle (52) and the pulling claw (53) is provided with a bevel.
6. A method for detecting tightness in a spindle broach according to claim 2, characterized in that in step S4, after the tightness is qualified, the tool is replaced with a suction cup, then a vacuum pump is connected to the air channel (511), and then the vacuum pump is started, and the vacuum pump is started to suck the tool through the cooperation of the vacuum pump and the suction cup.
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| CN202210195134.8A CN114571358B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | A spindle with airtightness detection function and a method for detecting the airtightness thereof |
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| CN202210195134.8A CN114571358B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | A spindle with airtightness detection function and a method for detecting the airtightness thereof |
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| CN112809082A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-18 | 因那智能装备(大连)有限公司 | Processing main shaft |
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| CN216781448U (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-21 | 因那智能装备(大连)有限公司 | Main shaft with airtight detection function |
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