CN114570954A - Vertical-horizontal switching mechanism for electric spindle and numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism for an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool, and relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools. According to the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism provided by the invention, the rotating part is driven by the driving part to rotate relative to the fixing part, so that the electric spindle can be switched between the vertical state and the horizontal state, the workpiece does not need to be turned over, the other surfaces of the workpiece except the bottom surface can be machined, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Vertical-horizontal switching mechanism for electric spindle and numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a vertical-horizontal switching mechanism for an electric spindle and a numerical control machine.

Background

The numerical control machine is an automatic machine equipped with a program control system which can logically process and decode a program specified by a control code or other symbolic instructions, and input the program into a numerical control device through an information carrier, and the numerical control device sends various control signals through arithmetic processing to control the action of the machine, so as to automatically machine parts according to the shape and size required by a drawing.

The numerical control machine tool comprises a machine body, a main shaft supporting frame, a first electric main shaft, a second electric main shaft, a first Z-axis driving device, a second Z-axis driving device, a first workbench, a second workbench, a swing driving device and a rotation driving device, wherein the main shaft supporting frame is arranged on the machine body, and the first electric main shaft and the second electric main shaft are arranged on the main shaft supporting frame side by side and can respectively reciprocate along the Z-axis direction under the action of the first Z-axis driving device and the second Z-axis driving device; the first workbench and the second workbench are respectively arranged below the first electric spindle and the second electric spindle and respectively rotate around the axis C while swinging around the axis A under the action of the swinging driving device and the rotating driving device; the first electric spindle and the first workbench can perform relative reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the second electric spindle and the second workbench can perform relative reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

In the process of machining a workpiece, an electric spindle of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool usually has a vertical or horizontal feed state, so that when the workpiece is machined on multiple surfaces, the workpiece (particularly a large workpiece) needs to be turned and adjusted for position for multiple times, and the machining efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism for an electric spindle and a numerical control machine tool, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a found shifter of crouching for electricity main shaft, includes the fixed part, the one end of fixed part is rotated and is connected with a rotating part, the other end and the electricity main shaft fixed connection of rotating part, the axis of rotation between rotating part and the fixed part is 45 with the contained angle of horizontal direction, the axis of electricity main shaft with contained angle between the axis of rotation is 45, the inside cavity that is equipped with of fixed part, be provided with in the cavity and be used for driving rotating part pivoted driving piece.

Furthermore, the rotating part and the fixed part are rotationally connected through a bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing.

Further, a shaft rod coaxial with the rotation axis is fixedly connected to the rotation part, and the driving part comprises a driving motor which drives the shaft rod to rotate through a transmission assembly.

Furthermore, the transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first worm and a first worm gear, the first bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the driving motor, the first worm gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the shaft rod, the first worm is rotatably connected to the fixing portion and meshed with the first worm gear, the second bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first worm, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.

Further, the lead angle of the first worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the first worm wheel meshed with the first worm.

Further, still include detecting element, detecting element is used for detecting the angle that the rotating part rotated.

Further, the detecting unit includes spiral guiding surface, sliding part, trigger part and pressure sensor, the spiral guiding surface is fixed to be set up on the rotating part, the spiral axis of spiral guiding surface with the rotation axis coincidence, the direction that the sliding part is on a parallel with the rotation axis slide set up in on the fixed part, the trigger part sets up on the sliding part, and the activity laminating of trigger part is on the spiral guiding surface, pressure sensor is fixed to be set up on the fixed part, pressure sensor's pressure input end with the sliding part butt.

Further, the spiral turn number of the spiral guide surface is one turn, and the projections of the two ends of the spiral guide surface along the spiral axis direction are overlapped.

Furthermore, the trigger part is cylindrical, the trigger part is rotatably connected with the sliding part, and the trigger part is connected with the spiral guide part in a rolling manner.

The utility model provides a digit control machine tool, its includes foretell vertical or horizontal shifter, tool magazine, electricity main shaft and tool changing device, when vertical or horizontal shifter drive electricity main shaft is in the vertical state that the axis is vertical, tool changing device is used for switching the cutter between tool magazine and the electricity main shaft.

In the technical scheme, the vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism provided by the invention can realize the switching between the vertical state and the horizontal state of the electric spindle by driving the rotating part to rotate relative to the fixed part through the driving part, so that the workpiece does not need to be turned over, the processing on all surfaces of the workpiece except the bottom surface can be realized, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Since the vertical and horizontal conversion mechanism has the technical effects, the numerical control machine tool comprising the vertical and horizontal conversion mechanism also has the corresponding technical effects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an upright state of an upright-horizontal switching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of an upright state of the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lying state of the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism provided in the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism provided in the embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 5-6 are schematic structural diagrams provided by embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating gear engaged with a first gear and a second gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a clamping knife assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view, partially broken away, of a clamping blade assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of a knife holder assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of a knife holder assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a portion of a clamping knife assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of a clamping knife assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 14-15 are schematic structural diagrams provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a rotating tooth member cooperating with a first gear and a second gear according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a fixed part; 2. a rotating part; 3. a shaft lever; 4. a drive member; 4.1, driving a motor; 4.2, a transmission component; 4.21, a first bevel gear; 4.22, a second bevel gear; 4.23, a first worm; 4.24, a first worm wheel; 5. a detection unit; 5.1, a spiral guide surface; 5.2, a sliding part; 5.3, a trigger part; 5.4, a pressure sensor; 6. an electric spindle; 7. a frame; 8. a sleeve; 9. a clamping knife assembly; 9.1, a cross bar; 9.11, a sliding block; 9.2, erecting a rod; 9.3, a clamping head; 9.31, a notched ring; 9.311, an arc chute; 9.312, an elastic part; 9.4, a linkage component; 9.41, a sprocket; 9.42, a chain; 9.5, external teeth; 9.6, a first gear; 9.7, gear two; 9.8, a first arc-shaped rack; 9.9, a second arc-shaped rack; 10. rotating the toothed member; 10.1, an inner tooth group; 10.11, a first inner tooth group; 10.12, a second inner tooth group; 10.2, an external tooth group; 10.21, a first set of external teeth; 10.22, a second outer set of teeth; 10.23, a third outer set of teeth; 10.24, a fourth outer tooth set; 10.3, an annular transmission cavity; 11. a first transmission member; 11.1, a first gear; 11.2, a first gear set; 11.3, a first worm; 11.4, a first worm gear; 12. a second transmission member; 12.1, a second gear; 12.2, gear set two; 12.3, a second worm; 12.4, a second worm gear; 12.5, a third gear; 12.6, a first rack; 13. a drive assembly; 13.1, a servo motor; 13.2, a fourth gear; 13.3, a gear ring; 14. an arc-shaped sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 16, an upright-horizontal conversion mechanism for an electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fixed portion 1, one end of the fixed portion 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating portion 2, preferably, the rotating portion 2 is rotatably connected to the fixed portion 1 through a bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing, the other end of the rotating portion 2 is fixedly connected to an electric spindle 6, an included angle between a rotation axis between the rotating portion 2 and the fixed portion 1 and a horizontal direction is 45 °, an included angle between an axis of the electric spindle 6 and the rotation axis is 45 °, a cavity is disposed inside the fixed portion 1, and a driving member 4 for driving the rotating portion 2 to rotate is disposed inside the cavity. Specifically, the driving part 4 drives the rotating part 2 to rotate back and forth within the range of 360 degrees, and when the axis of the electric spindle 6 is vertical, the rotating part 2 rotates 180 degrees to enable the axis of the electric spindle 6 to be horizontal, so that the vertical and horizontal conversion of the electric spindle 6 is realized.

In the technical scheme, according to the vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism provided by the invention, the driving part 4 drives the rotating part 2 to rotate relative to the fixing part 1, so that the electric spindle 6 can be switched between a vertical state (the axis of the electric spindle 6 is vertical, the electric spindle 6 processes the upper surface of a workpiece) and a horizontal state (the axis of the electric spindle 6 is horizontal, and the electric spindle 6 processes the side surface of the workpiece), therefore, the workpiece does not need to be turned over, the processing of other surfaces of the workpiece except the bottom surface can be realized, and the processing efficiency is improved.

In a preferred embodiment, a shaft 3 coaxial with the rotation axis is fixedly connected to the rotating portion 2, the driving member 4 includes a driving motor 4.1, and the driving motor 4.1 drives the shaft 3 to rotate through a transmission assembly 4.2.

As a further preferable technical solution of the present embodiment, the transmission assembly 4.2 includes a first bevel gear 4.21, a second bevel gear 4.22, a worm gear 4.23 and a worm gear 4.24, the first bevel gear 4.21 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor 4.1, the worm gear 4.24 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the shaft 3, the worm gear 4.23 is rotatably connected to the fixing portion 1, the worm gear 4.23 is engaged with the worm gear 4.24, further, the lead angle of the worm gear 4.23 is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the worm gear 4.24 engaged with the worm gear, the worm gear 4.24 is self-locked when the worm gear 4.23 is reversely driven by the worm gear 4.24, the second bevel gear 4.22 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the worm gear 4.23, and the second bevel gear 4.22 is engaged with the first bevel gear 4.21. Therefore, the rotating part 2 can be driven to rotate in the driving section, and the electric spindle 6 can be prevented from deviating in angle by the reaction force born by the electric spindle 6 when a workpiece is machined, so that the machining progress is improved. The transmission assembly 4.2 is arranged to enable the electric spindle 6 to stop and lock at any position during the rotation process of switching from the vertical state to the horizontal state, so that the electric spindle 6 can process a workpiece in an inclined state.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism further includes a detecting unit 5, and the detecting unit 5 is configured to detect an angle of rotation of the rotating portion 2. Therefore, when the rotating part 2 and the electric spindle 6 are driven to rotate by a specific angle through the driving part 4, the detection unit 5 independently detects the rotating angle of the rotating part 2 and the electric spindle 6 again, and when the detection angle data of the detection unit 5 is consistent with the angle data executed by the driving part 4, the fact that the electric spindle 6 actually rotates by the specific angle is indicated, so that the precision of the machining angle of the electric spindle 6 is improved.

As a preferable configuration of the present embodiment, the detection unit 5 includes a spiral guide surface 5.1, a sliding portion 5.2, a triggering portion 5.3, and a pressure sensor 5.4, the spiral guide surface 5.1 is fixedly disposed on the rotating portion 2, the number of spiral turns of the spiral guide surface 5.1 is one, projections of both ends of the spiral guide surface 5.1 in the direction along the spiral axis coincide, the spiral axis of the spiral guide surface 5.1 coincides with the rotation axis, the sliding portion 5.2 is slidably disposed on the fixing portion 1 in the direction parallel to the rotation axis, the triggering portion 5.3 is disposed on the sliding portion 5.2, the triggering portion 5.3 is movably attached to the spiral guide surface 5.1, the pressure sensor 5.4 is fixedly disposed on the fixing portion 1, and a pressure input end of pressure of the pressure sensor 5.4 abuts against the sliding portion 5.2. Specifically, the triggering part 5.3 is connected with the spiral guide surface 5.1 in a sliding manner; or the triggering part 5.3 is cylindrical, the triggering part 5.3 is rotatably connected with the sliding part 5.2, and the triggering part 5.3 is in rolling connection with the spiral guide part. The angle that the rotating part 2 was driven to the driving piece 4 rotates is different, and the spiral guiding surface 5.1 is also different to the pressure of trigger part 5.3 to can obtain the angle value that rotating part 2 rotated according to the pressure numerical value that comes from trigger part 5.3, sliding part 5.2 that pressure sensor 5.4 detected, compare this angle value with the turned angle that driving piece 4 drove rotating part 2, when the two numerical values are unanimous (or within certain precision range), namely show that electric main shaft 6 is in place, can process the work piece. The scheme solves the problem of reduced precision of the rotation angle of the electric main shaft 6 caused by the error between the driving piece 4 and the transmission component 4.2.

The invention also provides a numerical control machine tool which comprises the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism, a tool magazine, the electric spindle 6 and a tool changing device, wherein when the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism drives the electric spindle 6 to be in a vertical state with a vertical axis, the tool changing device is used for switching tools between the tool magazine and the electric spindle 6. Referring to fig. 5-16, the tool changing device includes a frame 7, a knife clamping assembly 9, a rotating toothed member 10, a first transmission member 11, a second transmission member 12, and a driving assembly 13, wherein the frame 7 is horizontally and rotatably provided with a sleeve 8, the knife clamping assembly 9 includes a cross bar 9.1 and an upright bar 9.2 that are vertically arranged, two ends of the cross bar 9.1 are respectively provided with a clamping head 9.3 capable of clamping a knife, the upright bar 9.2 is vertically and slidably arranged on the sleeve 8, specifically, the upright bar 9.2 is columnar, a straight chute parallel to an axial direction of the upright bar 9.2 is formed in a side surface of an outer periphery of the upright bar 9.2, a straight slip ridge parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve 8 is formed in a side surface of an inner periphery of the sleeve 8, and the straight slip ridge is slidably connected in the straight chute, so as to achieve a sliding connection between the upright bar 9.2 and the sleeve 8, but the upright bar 9.2 cannot rotate relative to the sleeve 8. The rotary toothed member 10 comprises an annular transmission cavity 10.3, a plurality of internal tooth groups 10.1 are arranged on the inner annular wall of the annular transmission cavity 10.3 at intervals, a plurality of external tooth groups 10.2 are arranged on the outer annular wall of the annular transmission cavity 10.3 at intervals, each internal tooth group 10.1 and each external tooth group 10.2 are arranged in a staggered mode in the circumferential direction, the power input end of a first transmission member 11 is a first gear 11.1, the first gear 11.1 is located in the annular transmission cavity 10.3 and is meshed with the internal tooth groups 10.1 and the external tooth groups 10.2 intermittently, the power output end of the first transmission member 11 drives the sleeve 8 to rotate, the power input end of a second transmission member 12.1 is a second gear 12.1, the second gear 12.1 is located in the annular transmission cavity 10.3 and is meshed with the internal tooth groups 10.1 and the external tooth groups 10.2 intermittently, the power output end of the second transmission member 12 drives the vertical rod 9.2 to move vertically, and a driving assembly 13 is used for driving the rotary toothed member 10 to rotate in a reciprocating mode.

In the technical scheme, the tool changing device of the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention only needs to drive the rotary toothed element 10 to rotate along the first direction through the driving component 13, drive the sleeve 8 and the clamping tool component 9 to rotate through the first transmission component 11, and drive the clamping tool component 9 to vertically move through the second transmission component 12; the meshing opportunity of internal tooth group 10.1, external tooth group 10.2 and first gear 11.1, second gear 12.1 is adjusted, can make two holding head 9.3 simultaneously from tool magazine, the last centre gripping cutter of electricity main shaft and take off the cutter downwards, rotatory 180 exchange cutter positions, again simultaneously upwards cartridge the tool magazine with the cutter, on the electricity main shaft, then rotatory the breaking away from the cutter simultaneously, realize the cutter switching between electricity main shaft and the tool magazine, tool changing efficiency is high, tool changing precision is high. When the tool is changed for the next time, the driving assembly 13 drives the rotary tooth member 10 to rotate for the same stroke along the direction opposite to the first direction, so that the tool clamping assembly 9 acts reversely, and the tool can be changed again.

As a preferable technical solution of this embodiment, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the internal tooth set 10.1 is provided with one set, the external tooth set 10.2 is provided with four sets, which are respectively a first external tooth set 10.21, a second external tooth set 10.22, a third external tooth set 10.23 and a fourth external tooth set 10.24, the number of teeth of the third external tooth set 10.23 is twice the number of teeth of the first external tooth set 10.21, the number of teeth of the fourth external tooth set 10.24 is equal to the number of teeth of the first external tooth set 10.21, the number of teeth of the second external tooth set 10.22 is equal to the number of teeth of the internal tooth set 10.1, when tool is changed, the length direction of the crossbar 9.1 of the clamping tool assembly 9 is perpendicular to a connection line between the tool magazine and the electric spindle, and the vertical foot is a midpoint of the connection line, and during the rotation of the rotary toothed member 10 in the first direction, the process sequentially includes: (1) the first external tooth group 10.21 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, and the first transmission piece 11 drives the sleeve 8 and the cutter clamping assembly 9 to rotate 90 degrees along the second direction so that the two clamping heads 9.3 respectively clamp the tool magazine and the cutter on the electric spindle; (2) the second outer tooth group 10.22 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, and the second transmission piece 12 drives the cutter clamping assembly 9 to move downwards so that the cutters clamped by the two clamping heads 9.3 are separated from the tool magazine and the electric spindle; (3) the third external tooth group 10.23 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, and the first transmission piece 11 drives the sleeve 8 and the clamping knife assembly 9 to rotate 180 degrees along the second direction so as to enable the two clamping heads 9.3 and the clamped knife to exchange positions; (4) the internal gear set 10.1 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, and the second transmission piece 12 drives the cutter clamping assembly 9 to move upwards so that the cutters clamped by the two clamping heads 9.3 are inserted into the tool magazine and the electric spindle; (5) the fourth external tooth group 10.24 is engaged with the first gear 11.1, and the first transmission member 11 drives the sleeve 8 and the knife clamping assembly 9 to rotate 90 degrees along the second direction so as to separate the two clamping heads 9.3 from the tools inserted on the tool magazine and the electric spindle respectively.

As a preferable technical solution of this embodiment, referring to fig. 8 to 13, the clamping head 9.3 includes a notch ring 9.31 and a driving unit, the notch ring 9.31 is rotatably disposed at one end of the cross bar 9.1, two sides of the notch ring 9.31 are respectively provided with an elastic portion 9.312, and the driving unit is configured to drive the notch ring 9.31 to rotate back and forth, so that the notch of the notch ring 9.31 can face at least two working positions.

Specifically, an arc-shaped sliding groove 9.311 is arranged on the end face of the notch ring 9.31, a sliding block 9.11 matched with the arc-shaped sliding groove 9.311 is arranged on the end portion of the cross bar 9.1, and the sliding block 9.11 is arranged in the arc-shaped sliding groove 9.311 in a sliding manner, so that the notch ring 9.31 rotates relative to the cross bar 9.1. The elastic parts 9.312 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the notch ring 9.31 for the purposes of: the interval of two elastic parts 9.312 is less than the diameter of cutter stalk portion, and when the cutter was located by the centre gripping to breach ring 9.31 in through the breach, elastic part 9.312 took place compression deformation to make the cutter stalk portion can pass through the breach smoothly, when the cutter stalk portion entered into breach ring 9.31 inside completely, elastic part 9.312 recovered deformation, thereby with the cutter spacing in breach ring 9.31, the cutter was promptly by the centre gripping. The elastic portion 9.312 is preferably of a rubber structure that can be elastically deformed. After the shank of the tool is clamped by the notch ring 9.31, the notch ring 9.31 restricts the axial movement of the tool relative to the tool, and if the notch ring 9.31 is to be separated from the tool, the tool still has to exit the notch ring 9.31 from the notch.

In the above technical solution, the driving unit can drive the notch ring 9.31 to rotate back and forth, so that the notch of the notch ring 9.31 can face at least two working positions, and the notch ring 9.31 can have the functions of clamping and loosening the knife in the process that the cross bar 9.1 rotates only in one direction.

In operation, in the step (1) of the tool changing process of the previous embodiment, the notch of the notch ring 9.31 faces the tool shank, the notch ring 9.31 of one of the clamping heads 9.3 clamps the tool on the electric spindle, and the notch ring 9.31 of the other clamping head 9.3 clamps the tool on the tool magazine; in the step (2) of the tool changing process, the tool cannot axially move relative to the notch rings 9.31, so that the tool is separated from the electric spindle and the tool magazine, and in the step (3) of the tool changing process, the positions of the two notch rings 9.31 and the upper tool are exchanged; in the step (4) of the tool changing process, two tools are respectively inserted onto the electric spindle and the tool magazine, so that the tool switching between the electric spindle and the tool magazine is realized, the tools are changed for the electric spindle, and the corresponding notch ring 9.31 can be driven to rotate 180 degrees by the driving unit at any time period in the process of clamping the tools by the notch ring 9.31, namely, the notch direction of the notch ring 9.31 is changed by 180 degrees; in the step (5) of the tool changing process, the tool clamping assembly 9 continues to rotate along the second direction and reset to the initial position, and the tool is separated from the notch ring 9.31.

As a preferable technical solution of this embodiment, it is referred to that the outer peripheral side surface of the notched ring 9.31 is provided with external teeth 9.5, the end of the crossbar 9.1 is rotatably provided with a gear one 9.6, the gear one 9.6 is engaged with the external teeth 9.5, the gear one 9.6 is driven by the driving unit, so that the driving unit drives the gear one 9.6 to rotate, and the gear one 9.6 rotates the notched ring 9.31 by engaging with the external teeth 9.5, thereby adjusting the notch orientation of the notched ring 9.31. Preferably, the driving unit comprises a motor, a rotating shaft of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first gear 9.6, and the motor drives the first gear 9.6 to rotate.

In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the two clamping heads 9.3 share one driving unit, the driving unit includes a linkage assembly 9.4, the linkage assembly 9.4 is used for enabling the gears one 9.6 of the two clamping heads 9.3 to synchronously rotate in the same direction, preferably, the linkage assembly 9.4 includes a chain 9.42 and two chain wheels 9.41, the two chain wheels 9.41 are respectively coaxially and fixedly connected with the gear one 9.6, and the chain 9.42 is in transmission sleeve connection with the two chain wheels 9.41. Therefore, only one of the gears 9.6 is driven to rotate, and the two gears 9.6 can synchronously rotate in the same direction.

As a preferable technical solution of this embodiment, the clamping head 9.3 further includes a second gear 9.7, a first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and a second arc-shaped rack 9.9, the second gear 9.7 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first gear 9.6 of any clamping head 9.3, the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 are fixedly disposed on a fixed base (such as the rack 7), and in the process of rotation of the cross bar 9.1, the second gear 9.7 can be respectively engaged with the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9, so that the gap orientation of the gap ring 9.31 is switched between the two working positions. Further, when the cross rod 9.1 rises to the highest position, the second gear 9.7 can be meshed and matched with the first arc-shaped rack 9.8; when the cross rod 9.1 descends to the lowest position, the second gear 9.7 can be meshed and matched with the second arc-shaped rack 9.9.

In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 corresponds to a partial structure of an inner gear ring, the teeth of the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 are on the inner arc side surface thereof, the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 corresponds to a partial structure of an outer gear ring, the teeth of the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 are on the outer arc side surface thereof, the arc centers of the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 coincide with the rotation center of the cross bar 9.1, the angle between the projections of the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 on the horizontal plane is α, and α is greater than 90 ° < α < 180 °. The effect of this embodiment is that an active driving source (a motor or a hydraulic rod, etc.) is abandoned, but the two notch rings 9.31 are passively rotated to adjust the notch orientation by using the intermittent meshing cooperation between the second gear 9.7 and the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 respectively in the rotation process of the knife clamping assembly 9. The specific working principle is as follows: firstly, the cutter clamping assembly 9 at the initial position is located at the highest position, the notched ring 9.31 and the cutter handle are located at the same height, and the second gear 9.7 and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 are located at the same height; in the step (1) of the tool changing process, the notch of the notch ring 9.31 faces the handle part of the tool, the notch ring 9.31 of one clamping head 9.3 clamps the tool on the electric spindle, and the notch ring 9.31 of the other clamping head 9.3 clamps the tool on the tool magazine; in the step (2) of the tool changing process, the tool cannot axially move relative to the notch ring 9.31, so that the tool is separated from the electric spindle and the tool magazine, and the second gear 9.7 and the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 are located at the same height; in the step (3) of the tool changing process, the two notched rings 9.31 and the upper tool are exchanged, during the period, the two notched rings 9.7 are transiently meshed when passing through the second arc-shaped rack 9.9, and the second arc-shaped rack 9.9 is fixed, so that the second gear 9.7 rotates, on one hand, the second gear 9.7 drives the first gear 9.6 coaxial with the second gear to rotate, the first gear 9.6 drives the corresponding notched ring 9.31 to rotate 180 degrees, the notch orientation of the notched ring 9.31 is changed by 180 degrees, on the other hand, the second gear 9.7 drives the other gear 9.6 to rotate through the linkage assembly 9.4, the first gear 9.6 drives the corresponding notched ring 9.31 to rotate 180 degrees, the notch orientation of the notched ring 9.31 is changed by 180 degrees, and therefore the notches of the two notched rings 9.31 are adjusted by 180 degrees; in the step (4) of the tool changing process, the tool clamping assembly 9 drives two tools to be respectively inserted upwards onto the electric spindle and the tool magazine, so that the tool switching between the electric spindle and the tool magazine is realized, and the tools are replaced for the electric spindle; in the step (5) of the tool changing process, the tool clamping assembly 9 continues to rotate in the second direction and reset to the initial position, the tool is disengaged from the notch ring 9.31, the second gear 9.7 is temporarily engaged with the first gear 9.8 when passing through the first arc-shaped rack 9.8, and the first arc-shaped rack 9.8 is fixed, so that the second gear 9.7 reversely rotates (relative to the direction of rotation of the second gear 9.7 when passing through the second arc-shaped rack 9.9), on one hand, the second gear 9.7 drives the first gear 9.6 coaxial with the second gear to reversely rotate, the first gear 9.6 drives the corresponding notch ring 9.31 to reversely rotate 180 degrees, the direction of the notch ring 9.31 is changed by 180 degrees, on the other hand, the second gear 9.7 drives the other gear 9.6 to reversely rotate through the linkage assembly 9.4, the first gear 9.6 drives the corresponding notch ring 9.31 to reversely rotate 180 degrees, the direction of the notch ring 9.31 is changed by 180 degrees, and thus realizing that the notches of the two notch rings 9.31 are both reset by 180 degrees, thereby enabling the notched ring 9.31 to be smoothly disengaged from the tool without changing the rotational direction of the clamping knife assembly 9.

In still another embodiment provided by the present invention, referring to fig. 14 to 16, two groups of the internal tooth group 10.1 are provided, which are respectively a first internal tooth group 10.11 and a second internal tooth group 10.12, and three groups of the external tooth group 10.2 are provided, which are respectively a first external tooth group 10.21, a second external tooth group 10.22 and a third external tooth group 10.23, the number of teeth of the third external tooth group 10.23 is twice the number of teeth of the first external tooth group 10.21, the number of teeth of the second external tooth group 10.22 is equal to the number of teeth of the first internal tooth group 10.11, when changing a tool, the length direction of the cross bar 9.1 of the clamping tool assembly 9 is perpendicular to a connecting line between the tool magazine and the electric spindle, and the vertical foot is a midpoint of the connecting line, and during the rotation of the rotary tooth member 10 along the first direction, sequentially includes: firstly, a first external tooth group 10.21 is meshed with a first gear 11.1, and a first transmission piece 11 drives a sleeve 8 and a cutter clamping assembly 9 to rotate 90 degrees along a second direction so that two clamping heads 9.3 respectively clamp a tool magazine and a cutter on an electric spindle; the second external tooth group 10.22 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, and the second transmission piece 12 drives the cutter clamping assembly 9 to move downwards so that the cutters clamped by the two clamping heads 9.3 are separated from the tool magazine and the electric spindle; the third external tooth group 10.23 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, and the first transmission piece 11 drives the sleeve 8 and the cutter clamping assembly 9 to rotate 180 degrees along the second direction so as to enable the two clamping heads 9.3 and the clamped cutter to exchange positions; the first internal tooth group 10.11 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, and the second transmission piece 12 drives the cutter clamping assembly 9 to move upwards so that the cutters clamped by the two clamping heads 9.3 are inserted into the tool magazine and the electric spindle; the second internal tooth group 10.12 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, the first transmission piece 11 drives the sleeve 8 and the cutter clamping assembly 9 to rotate 90 degrees along the direction opposite to the second direction so that the two clamping heads 9.3 are separated from the cutters which are inserted on the tool magazine and the electric spindle respectively.

As a preferable solution of this embodiment, the clamping head 9.3 includes a notched ring 9.31 fixedly disposed at an end of the cross bar 9.1, and both sides of the notch of the notched ring 9.31 are provided with elastic parts 9.312.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the first transmission piece 11 comprises a first gear 11.1, a first gear set 11.2, a first worm 11.3 and a first worm wheel 11.4, the first gear 11.1 drives the first worm 11.3 to rotate through the first gear set 11.2, the first worm wheel 11.4 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sleeve 8, the first worm 11.3 is meshed with the first worm wheel 11.4, and the first worm wheel 11.4 is matched with the first worm 11.3 to have self-locking performance. During the rotation of the rotary toothed element 10 in the first direction, when the external tooth group 10.2 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, the first gear 11.1 drives the first worm 11.3 to rotate through the first gear group 11.2, the first worm 11.3 drives the first worm wheel 11.4 to rotate, and the first worm wheel 11.4 drives the sleeve 8 to rotate, so that the knife clamping assembly 9 rotates in the second direction; when the internal gear set 10.1 is meshed with the first gear 11.1, the first gear 11.1 drives the first worm 11.3 to rotate through the first gear set 11.2, the first worm 11.3 drives the first worm wheel 11.4 to rotate, and the first worm wheel 11.4 drives the sleeve 8 to rotate, so that the knife clamping assembly 9 rotates in the direction opposite to the second direction.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second transmission member 12 includes a second gear 12.1, a second worm 12.3, a second worm wheel 12.4, a third gear 12.5 and a first rack 12.6, wherein the second worm 12.3 is driven by the second gear 12.1 through a gear set two 12.2, the second worm wheel 12.4 is rotationally connected to the frame 7, the second worm wheel 12.4 is engaged with the second worm 12.3, the second worm wheel 12.4 and the second worm 12.3 cooperate to have a self-locking performance, the third gear 12.5 and the second worm 12.3 are coaxially and fixedly connected, the first rack 12.6 is rotationally connected to the vertical rod 9.2, and the first rack 12.6 is engaged with the third gear 12.5. In the process that the rotary toothed element 10 rotates in the first direction, when the external gear set 10.2 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, the second gear 12.1 drives the second worm 12.3 to rotate through the second gear set 12.2, the second worm 12.3 drives the second worm wheel 12.4 to rotate, the second worm wheel 12.4 drives the third gear 12.5 to rotate, and the third gear 12.5 drives the first rack 12.6 to move downwards, so that the knife clamping assembly 9 moves downwards; when the internal gear set 10.1 is meshed with the second gear 12.1, the second gear 12.1 drives the second worm 12.3 to rotate through the second gear set 12.2, the second worm 12.3 drives the second worm wheel 12.4 to rotate, the second worm wheel 12.4 drives the third gear 12.5 to rotate, and the third gear 12.5 drives the first rack 12.6 to move upwards, so that the knife clamping assembly 9 moves upwards.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the rotary toothed element 10 is provided with an annular sliding groove, the rack 7 is fixedly provided with an arc sleeve 14, the arc sleeve 14 is provided with an annular sliding edge, and the annular sliding edge is annularly and slidably arranged in the annular sliding groove. Further, the driving assembly 13 includes a servo motor 13.1, the servo motor 13.1 is fixedly installed on the frame 7, a fourth gear 13.2 is fixedly connected coaxially to a rotating shaft of the servo motor 13.1, a gear ring 13.3 is arranged on an outer peripheral side surface or an inner peripheral side surface of the rotary toothed member 10, the fourth gear 13.2 is meshed with the gear ring 13.3, the servo motor 13.1 drives the fourth gear 13.2 to rotate, and the fourth gear 13.2 is meshed with the gear ring 13.3 to enable the rotary toothed member 10 to rotate.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a found shifter of crouching for electricity main shaft which characterized in that, includes the fixed part, the one end of fixed part is rotated and is connected with a rotating part, the other end and the electricity main shaft fixed connection of rotating part, the axis of rotation between rotating part and the fixed part is 45 with the contained angle of horizontal direction, the axis of electricity main shaft with contained angle between the axis of rotation is 45, the inside cavity that is equipped with of fixed part, be provided with in the cavity and be used for driving rotating part pivoted driving piece.

2. The mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating part and the fixed part are connected to each other by a bidirectional angular contact thrust ball bearing.

3. An upright-lying conversion mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a shaft coaxial with the rotation axis is fixedly connected to the rotating part, and the driving member comprises a driving motor which drives the shaft to rotate through a transmission assembly.

4. The mechanism for conversion between lying and standing according to claim 3, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first worm gear and a first worm gear, the first bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor, the first worm gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the shaft rod, the first worm gear is rotatably connected to the fixed portion, the first worm gear is meshed with the first worm gear, the second bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first worm gear, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.

5. The mechanism for conversion between lying and standing according to claim 4, wherein the lead angle of the first worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the first worm wheel engaged with the first worm.

6. The mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a detection unit for detecting an angle by which the rotating portion is rotated.

7. The mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the detection unit includes a spiral guide surface fixedly provided on the rotating portion, a sliding portion having a spiral axis coinciding with the rotation axis, a trigger portion slidably provided on the fixed portion in a direction parallel to the rotation axis, and a pressure sensor fixedly provided on the fixed portion, wherein the trigger portion is movably attached to the spiral guide surface, and wherein a pressure input end of a pressure of the pressure sensor abuts against the sliding portion.

8. The vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the spiral guide surface has one spiral turn, and projections of both ends of the spiral guide surface in a direction along the spiral axis coincide.

9. The mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the trigger part is cylindrical, and is rotatably connected to the sliding part and is rotatably connected to the spiral guide part.

10. A numerical control machine tool comprises a tool magazine, an electric spindle, a vertical and horizontal switching mechanism and a tool changing device, and is characterized in that,

when the vertical-horizontal switching mechanism drives the electric spindle to be in a vertical state with the axis vertical, the tool changing device is used for switching tools between the tool magazine and the electric spindle;

the vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism is the vertical-horizontal conversion mechanism in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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