CN114559679A - Preparation method of composite plate spring - Google Patents
Preparation method of composite plate spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114559679A CN114559679A CN202210087755.4A CN202210087755A CN114559679A CN 114559679 A CN114559679 A CN 114559679A CN 202210087755 A CN202210087755 A CN 202210087755A CN 114559679 A CN114559679 A CN 114559679A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/545—Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite plate spring, which comprises the following steps: s1, cutting the prepreg; s2, paving and pasting the prepreg, and performing in a lower mold of the pre-formed body by adopting paving and pasting equipment; s3, pre-compacting, and performing in a preform mold; s4, precuring, transferring the prepared plate spring pre-forming body to a finished product mold which is heated to the precuring temperature in advance, and carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining according to the time and pressure required by the process; s5, curing, namely transferring the pre-cured plate spring and the finished product die thereof to a curing procedure press which is preheated to the curing temperature of the prepreg; s6, cooling, and transferring the solidified plate spring and the finished product die thereof to a cooling press; and S7, demolding. The manufacturing process of the composite plate spring is decomposed, so that the production period of a single composite plate spring is shortened; in addition, the temperature values matched with the process requirements are set on the heating equipment on all the presses, so that repeated temperature rise and fall operations of the equipment are avoided, and invalid heat loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a composite material plate spring.
Background
At present, most domestic commercial vehicles adopt steel plate springs which are of elastic beam structures formed by combining a plurality of metal spring pieces. In the running process of the automobile, the plate spring is elastically deformed, so that the buffer effect is achieved. Steel leaf springs have the disadvantages of heavy weight, low cost, etc. Under the call of energy conservation and emission reduction, the design, development and manufacture of the light high-strength composite plate spring become a necessary trend in the automobile industry.
In the preparation method of the composite plate spring in the related technology, most of the methods are that firstly, a whole prepreg is cut into prepreg sheets with standard sizes by a manual work or a cloth cutting machine, the prepreg sheets are numbered in sequence, then the prepreg sheets are paved and pasted in a mould layer by layer, the mould is closed after paving and pasting is completed, temperature rising, heat preservation and temperature reduction curves and pressure are set according to the process requirements, and finally, demoulding can be carried out after the temperature is reduced to the required temperature. A large number of working procedures are completed on one die and one press, and the plate spring is low in production efficiency and poor in quality stability.
In order to overcome the problems, the method for quickly forming the composite plate spring is particularly provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite plate spring aiming at the defects of the prior art, which decomposes the manufacturing process of the composite plate spring and reduces the production period of a single composite plate spring; in addition, the temperature values matched with the process requirements are set on the heating equipment on all the presses, so that repeated temperature rise and fall operations of the equipment are avoided, and invalid heat loss is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for manufacturing a composite plate spring comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the prepreg, namely cutting the prepreg with the standard width into a prepreg tape with the specified width by adopting a cutting device;
s2, laying and pasting prepreg, namely, putting the prepreg tape cut in the S1 mode into laying and pasting equipment, laying and pasting the prepreg in a lower mold of a preformed body by adopting the laying and pasting equipment, and obtaining the number of laying and pasting layers and the initial and final positions of laying and pasting of each layer of prepreg according to laying design and matching with the curvature of a final plate spring product;
s3, pre-compacting, wherein the pre-compacting process of the prepreg is carried out in a pre-forming mold, and the pre-forming mold is divided into a pre-forming upper mold and a pre-forming lower mold, wherein the pre-forming upper mold is fixed on a pre-compacting process press upper plate, the pre-forming lower mold is fixed on a pre-compacting process press lower plate, the pre-forming upper mold descends, and a thick prepreg which is laid in S2 is pre-compacted to form a plate spring pre-forming body;
s4, precuring, wherein the prepreg precuring process is carried out in a finished product mold, the finished product mold comprises a finished product upper mold and a finished product lower mold, the finished product upper mold is fixed on an upper plate of a precuring process press, the finished product lower mold is fixed on a lower plate of the precuring process press, the plate spring preformed body prepared in the S3 is transferred to the finished product mold which is preheated to the precuring temperature, and the plate spring is subjected to heat preservation and pressure preservation according to the time and pressure required by the process, so that the plate spring is precured;
s5, curing, wherein the prepreg curing process is carried out in a finished product mold, a heating system is arranged in the finished product mold, the heating system is started in the transfer process to keep the temperature of the finished product mold unchanged, the pre-cured plate spring and the finished product mold are transferred to a curing process press which is heated to the prepreg curing temperature in advance, the finished product upper mold is fixed on an upper plate of the curing process press, the finished product lower mold is fixed on a lower plate of the curing process press, the heat preservation and pressure maintenance are carried out according to the time and pressure required by the process, and the plate spring is cured;
s6, cooling, transferring the solidified plate spring and a finished product die thereof to a cooling press together, wherein the finished product upper die is fixed on an upper plate of the cooling press, the finished product lower die is fixed on a lower plate of the cooling press, and cooling systems are arranged in the upper plate of the cooling press and the lower plate of the cooling press, so that the finished product die and a plate spring product can be rapidly cooled;
and S7, demolding, and demolding the plate spring cooled to the specified temperature according to the process requirement.
In the scheme, the slitting equipment is provided with a plurality of cutters with adjustable intervals, and when the standard-width prepreg is cut to the specified width, the theoretical length of each prepreg tape for manufacturing the plate spring along the fiber direction is ensured.
In the above scheme, shop pastes equipment includes take-up pulley, band-feeding wheel, heating device, cutting device, compression roller, both ends have the adsorption efficiency about the heating device, heat the preimpregnation material area to suitable temperature after, can adsorb smoothly and peel off from type paper and plastic film on the preimpregnation material area, then cutting device cuts every preimpregnation material area into the shop that suitable number of piles takes, lays layer in proper order every shop through the compression roller area according to theoretical design at last.
In the scheme, the interior of the preforming body mold is of a multi-cavity structure, and a plurality of sets of preforming bodies made of the composite material plate springs can be prepared simultaneously.
In the scheme, a plurality of sets of finished product molds are correspondingly arranged, so that the continuous production of the plate spring product is ensured.
In the above scheme, in the transfer process of steps S5 and S6, a locking device is used to ensure that the finished upper mold and the finished lower mold are in a locked state.
In the scheme, the cooling system in the cooling press comprises a cooling liquid circulation structure, the upper plate of the cooling press applies pressure to the finished product mold, and cooling liquid can quickly circulate in the finished product mold, so that the finished product mold and the plate spring product are quickly cooled under pressure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the prepreg paving procedure of the method is directly carried out in a lower mould of the preformed body, and the upper mould of the preformed body is directly pressed down after paving, so that the prepreg pre-compaction procedure can be completed; the pre-curing and the curing processes are carried out in a finished product mold, wherein in the pre-curing process, a pre-curing process press is adopted, the finished product mold is heated to a pre-curing temperature in advance, and the plate spring preformed body is transferred from the preformed body mold to the finished product mold only by heat preservation and pressure maintaining; in the curing process, a curing process press is adopted, the temperature is raised to the curing temperature in advance, and the pre-cured plate spring and the finished product mold thereof are transferred to the curing process press together for heat preservation and pressure maintaining. The process decomposes the manufacturing process of the composite material plate spring, and reduces the production period of a single composite material plate spring; in addition, the temperature values matched with the process requirements are set on the heating equipment on all the presses, so that repeated temperature rise and fall operations of the equipment are avoided, and invalid heat loss is reduced.
2. The interior of the preforming body mould is of a multi-cavity structure, a plurality of sets of preforming bodies made of the composite plate spring can be prepared at the same time, a plurality of sets of finished product moulds are correspondingly designed, continuous production of plate spring products is guaranteed, and production efficiency is improved.
3. The cutting equipment is provided with the plurality of cutters with adjustable intervals, so that the cutting process of the prepreg can be completed at one time, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of making a composite leaf spring of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cutting process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the paving process of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pre-compaction process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pre-cure process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the curing process of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cooling process of the present invention.
In the figure: 11. prepreg preparation; 12. pre-impregnated tape; 20. paving and pasting equipment; 21. a belt retracting wheel; 22. a feed roller; 23. a heating device; 24. a cutting device; 25. a compression roller; 31. a pre-forming body is put into a mould; 32. preforming body lower mould; 41. pre-compacting the upper plate of the press; 42. a lower plate of a press in a pre-compaction process; 50. a plate spring preform; 61. putting the finished product on a die; 62. a finished product lower die; 63. a heating system; 64. a locking device; 71. pre-curing process press upper plate; 72. a press lower plate in a pre-curing process; 81. curing process press upper plate; 82. curing process press upper plate; 91. cooling the upper plate of the press; 92. cooling the lower plate of the press; 93. a cooling system.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a composite leaf spring according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
and S1, cutting the prepreg, and cutting the prepreg 11 with the standard width into a prepreg tape 12 with the specified width by adopting a cutting device. As shown in fig. 2, the slitting equipment is provided with a plurality of cutters with adjustable intervals, so that each prepreg tape 12 can reach the theoretical length for manufacturing the plate spring along the fiber direction while cutting the standard-width prepreg to a specified width. After cutting, the excess materials are wound on one side of the cut flat surface for standby, and the other side of the cut flat surface conveys the cut prepreg tape 12 to the next process through pulling force.
And S2, laying and pasting prepreg, namely, loading the prepreg tape 12 cut in the step S1 into a laying device 20, laying and pasting the prepreg in a lower mold 32 of the preformed body by the laying device 20, wherein the number of laying layers and the initial and final positions of laying and pasting each layer of prepreg are obtained according to laying design and are matched with the curvature of the final plate spring product. As shown in fig. 3, the paving and pasting device 20 includes a take-up pulley 21, a belt conveying pulley 22, a heating device 23, a cutting device 24, and a pressing roller 25, wherein the upper and lower ends of the heating device 23 have an adsorption function, so that release paper and plastic films on the prepreg tape 12 can be smoothly adsorbed and peeled off after the prepreg tape 12 is heated to a suitable temperature, then the cutting device 24 cuts each prepreg tape 12 into a suitable number of layers of paving tapes, and finally, the pressing roller 25 is controlled by the take-up pulley 21 to sequentially lay up each paving tape according to a theoretical design.
S3, pre-compacting, where the pre-prepreg pre-compacting process is performed in a preform mold, and as shown in fig. 4, the preform mold is divided into a preform upper mold 31 and a preform lower mold 32, where the preform upper mold 31 is fixed to the pre-compacting process press upper plate 41, the preform lower mold 32 is fixed to the pre-compacting process press lower plate 42, and the preform upper mold 31 moves downward; and prepressing the laid prepreg thick blank of the step S2 to form the plate spring pre-forming body 50.
Optimally, the interior of the preform mold is a multi-cavity structure, and a plurality of sets of composite plate spring preforms 50 can be prepared simultaneously.
S4, pre-curing, wherein the pre-curing process of the prepreg is performed in a finished product mold, as shown in fig. 5, the finished product mold is divided into a finished product upper mold 61 and a finished product lower mold 62, wherein the finished product upper mold 61 is fixed on the pre-curing process press upper plate 71, and the finished product lower mold 62 is fixed on the pre-curing process press lower plate 72; and (5) transferring the plate spring pre-forming body 50 prepared in the step S3 to a finished product mold which is heated to the pre-curing temperature in advance, and carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintenance according to the time and pressure required by the process, so that the plate spring is pre-cured.
Preferably, the finished product mold is provided with a plurality of sets corresponding to the number of mold cavities in the preform mold, so that continuous production of the plate spring product is ensured.
S5, curing, wherein the prepreg curing process is carried out in a finished product mold, a heating system 63 is arranged in the finished product mold, and the temperature of the finished product mold can be basically kept unchanged by starting the heating system 63 in the transferring process; as shown in fig. 6, the pre-cured leaf spring and its finished product mold are transferred to a curing process press that is pre-heated to the prepreg curing temperature, wherein the finished product upper mold 61 is fixed to a curing process press upper plate 81 through a matching interface, the finished product lower mold 62 is fixed to a curing process press lower plate 82 through a matching interface, and the leaf spring is cured by keeping the temperature and pressure according to the time and pressure required by the process. During the transfer process, a locking device 64 (such as a bolt) is used to ensure that the finished upper mold 61 and the finished lower mold 62 are in a locked state.
And S6, cooling, and transferring the cured plate spring and the finished product mold thereof to a cooling press together, wherein the finished product upper mold 61 is fixed on the cooling press upper plate 91 through a matching interface, the finished product lower mold 62 is fixed on the cooling press lower plate 92 through a matching interface, and cooling systems 93 are arranged inside the cooling press upper plate 91 and the cooling press lower plate 92, so that the finished product mold and the plate spring product can be rapidly cooled. During the transfer process, a locking device 64 (such as a bolt) is used to ensure that the finished upper mold 61 and the finished lower mold 62 are in a locked state.
Further preferably, the cooling system 93 in the cooling press comprises a cooling liquid circulation structure, the upper plate 91 of the cooling press applies pressure to the finished product mold, and the cooling liquid can quickly circulate in the finished product mold, so that the finished product mold and the plate spring product are quickly cooled under pressure.
And S7, demolding, and demolding the plate spring cooled to the specified temperature according to the process requirement.
The prepreg paving procedure of the method is directly carried out in a lower mould of the preformed body, and the upper mould of the preformed body is directly pressed down after paving, so that the prepreg pre-compaction procedure can be completed; the pre-curing and the curing processes are carried out in a finished product mold, wherein in the pre-curing process, a pre-curing process press is adopted, the finished product mold is heated to a pre-curing temperature in advance, and the plate spring preformed body is transferred from the preformed body mold to the finished product mold only by heat preservation and pressure maintaining; in the curing process, a curing process press is adopted, the temperature is raised to the curing temperature in advance, and the pre-cured plate spring and the finished product mold thereof are transferred to the curing process press together for heat preservation and pressure maintaining. The process decomposes the manufacturing process of the composite material plate spring, and reduces the production period of a single composite material plate spring; in addition, the temperature values matched with the process requirements are set on the heating equipment on all the presses, so that repeated temperature rise and fall operations of the equipment are avoided, and invalid heat loss is reduced.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for manufacturing a composite plate spring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cutting the prepreg, namely cutting the prepreg with the standard width into a prepreg tape with the specified width by adopting a cutting device;
s2, laying and pasting prepreg, namely, putting the prepreg tape cut in the S1 mode into laying and pasting equipment, laying and pasting the prepreg in a lower mold of a preformed body by adopting the laying and pasting equipment, and obtaining the number of laying and pasting layers and the initial and final positions of laying and pasting of each layer of prepreg according to laying design and matching with the curvature of a final plate spring product;
s3, pre-compacting, wherein the pre-compacting process of the prepreg is carried out in a pre-forming mold, and the pre-forming mold is divided into a pre-forming upper mold and a pre-forming lower mold, wherein the pre-forming upper mold is fixed on a pre-compacting process press upper plate, the pre-forming lower mold is fixed on a pre-compacting process press lower plate, the pre-forming upper mold descends, and a thick prepreg which is laid in S2 is pre-compacted to form a plate spring pre-forming body;
s4, precuring, wherein the prepreg precuring process is carried out in a finished product mold, the finished product mold comprises a finished product upper mold and a finished product lower mold, the finished product upper mold is fixed on an upper plate of a precuring process press, the finished product lower mold is fixed on a lower plate of the precuring process press, the plate spring preformed body prepared in the S3 is transferred to the finished product mold which is preheated to the precuring temperature, and the plate spring is subjected to heat preservation and pressure preservation according to the time and pressure required by the process, so that the plate spring is precured;
s5, curing, wherein a prepreg curing process is carried out in a finished product mold, a heating system is arranged in the finished product mold, the temperature of the finished product mold can be kept unchanged by starting the heating system in the transfer process, the pre-cured plate spring and the finished product mold are transferred to a curing process press which is pre-heated to the prepreg curing temperature, the finished product upper mold is fixed on an upper plate of the curing process press, the finished product lower mold is fixed on a lower plate of the curing process press, and the plate spring is cured by carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining according to the time and pressure required by the process;
s6, cooling, transferring the solidified plate spring and a finished product die thereof to a cooling press together, wherein the finished product upper die is fixed on an upper plate of the cooling press, the finished product lower die is fixed on a lower plate of the cooling press, and cooling systems are arranged in the upper plate of the cooling press and the lower plate of the cooling press, so that the finished product die and a plate spring product can be rapidly cooled;
and S7, demolding, and demolding the plate spring cooled to the specified temperature according to the process requirement.
2. The method for manufacturing the composite plate spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slitting device is provided with a plurality of cutters with adjustable intervals, and each prepreg tape is ensured to reach the theoretical length for manufacturing the plate spring along the fiber direction while standard-width prepregs are cut by a specified width.
3. The method for preparing the composite plate spring according to claim 1, wherein the paving and pasting equipment comprises a take-up pulley, a belt conveying wheel, a heating device, a cutting device and a pressing roller, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the heating device have adsorption functions, release paper and a plastic film on the prepreg tape can be smoothly adsorbed and peeled after the prepreg tape is heated to a proper temperature, then each prepreg tape is cut into the appropriate number of layers of paving tapes by the cutting device, and finally each paving tape is sequentially paved according to a theoretical design through the pressing roller.
4. The method of manufacturing a composite leaf spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preform mold is internally multi-cavity structured to simultaneously produce multiple sets of composite leaf spring preforms.
5. The method for manufacturing a composite leaf spring according to claim 4, wherein the finished mold is correspondingly provided with a plurality of sets, so that continuous production of leaf spring products is ensured.
6. The method for manufacturing a composite leaf spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the locking means is used to secure the upper mold and the lower mold in the locked state during the transfer in steps S5 and S6.
7. The method for manufacturing a composite plate spring according to claim 1, wherein a cooling system in the cooling press comprises a cooling liquid circulating structure, the cooling press upper plate applies pressure to the finished mold, and cooling liquid can rapidly circulate in the finished mold, so that pressure rapid cooling of the finished mold and the plate spring product is realized.
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| CN202210087755.4A CN114559679B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Preparation method of composite plate spring |
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| US5759325A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-06-02 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Method for controlling thickness during lay-up and fabrication of press-cured composite articles |
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| CN108928012A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-04 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | A kind of process of efficient forming composite leaf spring |
| CN110901026A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-24 | 上海蒂姆新材料科技有限公司 | Method for improving mould pressing production takt of prepreg |
| CN113306172A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-27 | 天津中德应用技术大学 | High-beat compression molding system and method for carbon fiber reinforced composite material |
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2022
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| US5759325A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-06-02 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Method for controlling thickness during lay-up and fabrication of press-cured composite articles |
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| CN107187078A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 江苏兆鋆新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of quick die press technology for forming of carbon fiber prepreg |
| CN108928012A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-04 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | A kind of process of efficient forming composite leaf spring |
| CN110901026A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-24 | 上海蒂姆新材料科技有限公司 | Method for improving mould pressing production takt of prepreg |
| CN113306172A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-27 | 天津中德应用技术大学 | High-beat compression molding system and method for carbon fiber reinforced composite material |
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| 陈秀华 等: "结构复合材料", 上海交通大学出版社, pages: 307 - 308 * |
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