CN114555929A - Compression ring and piston provided with compression ring - Google Patents
Compression ring and piston provided with compression ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114555929A CN114555929A CN202080071533.2A CN202080071533A CN114555929A CN 114555929 A CN114555929 A CN 114555929A CN 202080071533 A CN202080071533 A CN 202080071533A CN 114555929 A CN114555929 A CN 114555929A
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper Chemical compound [Cr][Cu][Cr] ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYRBFMPPJATHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Cr] DYRBFMPPJATHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu] IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zirconium Chemical compound [Cu].[Zr] XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F5/00—Piston rings, e.g. associated with piston crown
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a compression ring which can maintain tension even under a hot environment and has good thermal conductivity. The present invention solves the technical problem by providing a compression ring for use in attachment to a piston for an internal combustion engine, the compression ring being formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain relief rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a compression ring provided in a piston of an internal combustion engine.
Background
In a piston for an internal combustion engine, a ring groove for arranging a compression ring and an oil ring is provided on an outer wall of the piston, and the compression ring and the oil ring are arranged in this groove in this order from a combustion chamber side.
The compression ring is required to have various performances such as excellent sliding characteristics, heat resistance for maintaining spring characteristics of a compression cylinder bore (cylinder bore), good thermal conductivity for cooling a piston, and wear resistance.
As a piston ring material having thermal conductivity superior to that of conventionally widely used silicon-chromium steel among the performances required for these compression rings, a piston ring formed of a steel material containing C, Si, Mn, and Cr as essential alloy elements and containing Mo, V, and B as selective alloy elements and having a nitrided layer formed on the surface thereof has been proposed (see patent document 1).
Further, it has been proposed that a copper alloy having good scratch resistance (sizing) can be used as a base material of a compression piston ring for an internal combustion engine (see patent document 2).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2015-137734
Patent document 2: japanese Kokai publication Sho-48-62403
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
In order to reduce the piston temperature, a piston ring material having good thermal conductivity as described above has been proposed, but since the technique described in patent document 1 uses a steel material, there is room for improvement from the viewpoint of thermal conductivity. Therefore, the present inventors have studied to use copper, which is a material having higher thermal conductivity, for the compression ring.
However, although the compression ring is required to maintain a stable tension in a hot environment because the compression ring has a function of preventing gas leakage by pressing the cylinder bore, the compression ring made of copper has a large thermal sag in tension, and does not satisfy the characteristics (elasticity) required when used as a piston ring.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compression ring having excellent thermal conductivity, which can maintain tension even in a hot environment.
Means for solving the technical problem
The present inventors have made studies to solve the above-described problems, and have found that a compression ring using a copper alloy satisfying specific physical properties can solve the above-described problems, and have completed the present invention.
The compression ring is used by being attached to a piston for an internal combustion engine, and is formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain reduction rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
The Young's modulus of the compression ring is preferably 180GPa or less, and the linear expansion coefficient is preferably 15 x 10－6preferably,/K or more, is attached to and used as the second ring of the piston for an internal combustion engine. The copper alloy is preferably a Ni — Sn — Cu alloy, and more preferably contains 20 wt% or more and 22 wt% or less of Ni, 4.5 wt% or more and 5.7 wt% or less of Sn, and optionally additional components, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities.
Further, another aspect of the invention is a piston for an internal combustion engine having a ring groove to which a piston ring is attached, and being constituted by a top ring, a second ring, and an oil ring attached to the ring groove of the piston, wherein,
the second ring is formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain relief rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
Effects of the invention
The present invention can provide a compression ring that can maintain tension and has good thermal conductivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a piston in which a piston ring according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached as a second ring.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the heat deterioration test conducted in the examples.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention is a compression ring used by being attached to a piston for an internal combustion engine, which is formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain relief rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
In an internal combustion engine, when the temperature of the top surface (combustion chamber side) of a piston becomes too high, knocking (knocking) occurs, and therefore, it is required to release heat of the piston in order to improve fuel efficiency. Therefore, in order to efficiently release heat of the piston to the cylinder bore, good thermal conductivity is required for the piston ring. In the present embodiment, the copper alloy constituting the piston ring has a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more, preferably 35W/mK or more, more preferably 40W/mK or more, and still more preferably 50W/mK or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 300W/mK or less, and may be 250W/mK or less.
In order to increase the thermal conductivity of copper alloys, there is a method of increasing the proportion of copper in the alloy. However, a function (leak preventing function) is required in which the compression ring seals so that combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber does not leak to the crankcase. Therefore, the compression ring is required to maintain the tension for continuously compressing the cylinder bore even in a high-temperature environment, but in the compression ring made of pure copper, it is difficult to maintain sufficient elasticity in a high-temperature environment, and the compression ring does not have sufficient sealing performance in a combustion environment when mounted.
Thus, consider: in the present embodiment, by using a copper alloy in which copper is alloyed and the strain reduction rate after holding at 250 ℃ for 3 hours is 50% or less, a compression ring having good thermal conductivity and capable of maintaining the tension required as a compression ring even in a high-temperature environment can be provided.
The copper alloy used in the present embodiment has a rate of strain reduction of 50% or less, preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and still more preferably 25% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
The rate of tension reduction after 3 hours at 300 ℃ is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 45% or less, still more preferably 40% or less, and particularly preferably 30% or less.
Examples of the copper alloy that satisfies the thermal conductivity and the strain reduction ratio include: beryllium copper, titanium copper, corson copper, nickel copper, tin copper, nickel tin copper, chromium copper, zirconium copper, copper/iron alloy, bronze, phosphor bronze, brass, and the like, but is not limited thereto.
The content of copper in the copper alloy is not particularly limited as long as the above thermal conductivity and strain reduction ratio are satisfied, and generally, when the content of copper is large, the thermal conductivity tends to be high and the strain reduction ratio tends to be large. The copper content is usually 10% by weight or more, but may be 25% by weight or more, and may be 50% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight or more, and may be 75% by weight or more. The upper limit may be 99% by weight or less, may be 95% by weight or less, may be 90% by weight or less, may be 80% by weight or less, and is preferably 75% by weight or less.
The young's modulus of the copper alloy forming the compression ring of the present embodiment is preferably 180GPa or less, more preferably 170GPa or less, and still more preferably 150GPa or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be usually 50GPa or more, and may be 80GPa or more.
When the young's modulus of the copper alloy is within the above range, the copper alloy has sufficient elasticity as a compression ring.
In the case of the copper alloy forming the compression ring of the present embodiment, the linear expansion coefficient is generally 15 × 10－6More than K, preferably 16X 10－6More preferably 17X 10,/K or more－6More than K. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 30X 10－6The ratio of the total carbon content to the total carbon content is below K,can be 20 x 10－6and/K is less than or equal to.
The copper alloy forming the compression ring of the present embodiment has a 0.2% proof stress of usually 500MPa or more, preferably 800MPa or more, and more preferably 900MPa or more. The 0.2% yield strength can be measured by, for example, the tensile test method of JIS Z2241 metallic materials.
By appropriately adjusting the metal component in the copper alloy, the physical properties of the copper alloy can be adjusted. For example, the corrosion resistance and heat resistance can be improved by adding nickel to a copper alloy, the strength, ductility, and wear resistance can be improved by adding tin, the conductivity and heat resistance can be improved by adding chromium, the ductility can be improved by adding zinc, the mechanical strength can be improved by adding beryllium, and the heat resistance and wear resistance can be improved by adding a titanium component and/or a zirconium component.
As the copper alloy, a Ni-Sn-Cu alloy is cited as a preferable example. Particularly, an alloy is preferred in which the Ni content is 5 wt% or more and 25 wt% or less, the Sn content is 2 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less, and the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurities. In this case, the Ni-Sn-Cu alloy may contain one or more elements selected from Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Nb, Mg, Ag, Cr, Ti, Zr, Be, Si, P, Al, S and B as optional additive elements. When any component is contained, the content is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not inhibited, and in one example, Mn and Fe may be 0.6 mass% or less, respectively, and any component other than Mn and Fe may be 1 mass% or less in total.
In view of a low rate of tension reduction after holding at 250 ℃ for 3 hours and a preferable thermal conductivity, a piston ring using a copper alloy having an Ni content of 5 wt% or more and 25 wt% or less, an Sn content of 2 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less, and the balance Cu and a 0.2% proof stress of 800MPa or more is preferable in the practical evaluation because the piston top surface temperature can be lowered by 10 ℃ to 15 ℃.
Further, an alloy containing 20 to 22 wt% of Ni, 4.5 to 5.7 wt% of Sn, and optional additives, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, has a small stress relaxation rate over time, and is more preferable. Specifically, the following specifications are satisfied: UNS No. C72950 Ni-Sn-Cu alloy.
A piston to which the compression ring of the present embodiment is attached will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a piston to which piston rings are attached.
In the piston 2, a first groove 3, a second groove 4, and a third groove 5 are formed from the combustion chamber side. A top ring 13 as a compression ring is attached to the first groove 3, a second ring 14 as a compression ring is attached to the second groove 4, and a combined oil ring 15 is attached to the third groove 5.
The top ring 13, the second ring 14, and the combined oil ring 15 may have a sliding surface sliding in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1 at the right end thereof, and may be coated with a coating film. In one embodiment, a sliding surface of the top ring 13 with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, that is, an outer peripheral surface of the top ring 13 has a DLC coating, and a sliding surface of the oil ring 15 with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, that is, an outer peripheral surface of the oil ring 15 has a PVD coating.
At least one of the top ring 13 and the second ring 14 may be a compression ring formed of the copper alloy explained above. In general, the top ring 13 is exposed to a more severe environment, and therefore, the second ring 14 is preferably a compression ring made of a copper alloy, but is not limited thereto. When the second ring 14 is a compression ring made of a copper alloy, the outer peripheral surface of the second ring 14 may have a chromium plating film, a PVD film, a DLC film, or the like.
In the present embodiment, the tension of the piston ring used for the top ring or the second ring after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours is preferably 2N or more, more preferably 2.5N or more, and still more preferably 3N or more. The tension after holding at 300 ℃ for 3 hours is preferably 1.5N or more, more preferably 2N or more, and still more preferably 2.5N or more.
The tension of the piston ring can be measured by a method in accordance with JIS B8032-2 (ISO 6621-2).
The combined oil ring 15 includes: a pair of upper and lower segments (Segment)151 and 152 whose outer peripheral surfaces slide on the inner wall of the cylinder, and an extension Spacer (Expander Spacer)153 disposed between the segments. The combined oil ring 15 is a three-piece oil ring, but is not limited thereto, and may be a two-piece oil ring.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
< examples 1 to 4, comparative examples 1 to 2 >
Piston rings made of the materials shown in table 1 below were prepared as examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and physical properties were measured. The thermal relaxation rate was measured by first measuring the tension at room temperature, then measuring the tension after holding at 250 ℃ or 300 ℃ for 3 hours, and the relaxation rate of the tension due to heat was calculated from the respective results. The data for the heat fade rate are shown in figure 2. The tension was measured by a method in accordance with JIS B8032-2 (ISO 6621-2). Specifically, a piston ring (
Width 1.0mm, thickness 2.3mm), tensile force measurement was performed by a method in accordance with JIS B8032-2 (ISO 6621-2). Further, the 0.2% yield strength was measured by a method in accordance with JIS Z2241 metallic material tensile test method.
[ Table 1]
Test of heat dissipation of ring
The piston rings of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were evaluated in an actual machine under the following conditions.
An engine: direct injection of three cylinders, exhaust volume 660cc and port injection.
Top ring: PVD (physical vapor deposition) coated steel material.
Oil ring: the three-piece type, upper and lower section is steel, and the extension spacer is the SUS material.
A second ring: piston rings of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2.
The torque of the engine was set to 35N · m to 45N · m and the piston crown temperature was measured. As a result, by using the piston rings of examples 1 to 4 using the copper alloy as the second ring, the piston crown surface temperature was lowered by 10 to 15 ℃.
On the other hand, the piston ring of comparative example 2 using copper was not evaluated because it was not sufficiently elastic and did not function as a piston ring, although it could be molded.
< examples 5 to 9 >
As examples 5 to 9, stress relaxation tests were conducted on the copper alloys shown in Table 2 below.
The stress relaxation test was performed as follows: the stress relaxation rate at 200 ℃ for 250 hours was measured for the copper alloys of examples 5 to 9 by the method according to JCBA T309-2004. The results are shown in Table 2.
[ Table 2]
According to examples 5 to 9: the copper alloy of example 5 having the largest Ni content maintained the stress relaxation rate at a low level of 3% after 250 hours. In examples 6 and 7 in which the amount of Ni was the largest, the stress relaxation rates after 250 hours were 7% and 6%, respectively, and in example 9 in which the amount of Ni was small, the stress relaxation rate after 250 hours was 16%.
The measurement of the stress relaxation rate is a basic test method for measuring the heat resistance of a material in the form of a strip, and a more practical test for showing the heat resistance of a piston ring is the above-mentioned tension reduction rate measurement test.
It should be noted that the present invention is described in detail with reference to specific examples, but it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, the present application is an application based on japanese patent application (japanese patent application 2019-190101) of 10, 17, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Description of the reference numerals
1: the inner wall of the cylinder; 2: a piston; 3: a first groove; 4: a second groove; 5: a third groove; 13: a top ring; 14: a second ring; 15: a combination oil ring; 151: slicing the slices; 152: slicing down; 153: the spacer is expanded.
Claims (7)
1. A compression ring for use in attachment to a piston for an internal combustion engine,
the compression ring is formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain reduction rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
2. The compression ring of claim 1,
the Young's modulus of the compression ring is 180GPa or less.
3. The compression ring of claim 1 or 2,
the linear expansion coefficient of the compression ring is 15 multiplied by 10－6More than K.
4. The compression ring of any one of claims 1-3,
the compression ring is attached to and used as a second ring of a piston for an internal combustion engine.
5. The compression ring of any one of claims 1-4,
the copper alloy is a Ni-Sn-Cu alloy.
6. The compression ring of claim 5,
the Ni-Sn-Cu alloy contains 20 to 22 wt% of Ni and 4.5 to 5.7 wt% of Sn, and contains optional additives, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities.
7. A piston for an internal combustion engine having a ring groove to which a piston ring is attached and being constituted by a top ring, a second ring and an oil ring which are attached to the ring groove of the piston, wherein,
the second ring is formed of a copper alloy having a thermal conductivity of 30W/mK or more and a strain reduction rate of 50% or less after being held at 250 ℃ for 3 hours.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019190101 | 2019-10-17 | ||
| JP2019-190101 | 2019-10-17 | ||
| PCT/JP2020/037979 WO2021075326A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2020-10-07 | Compression ring and piston equipped with compression ring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114555929A true CN114555929A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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ID=75537452
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080071533.2A Pending CN114555929A (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2020-10-07 | Compression ring and piston provided with compression ring |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2021075326A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114555929A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021075326A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0821073A1 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-01-28 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid GmbH | Cast iron alloy for the production of piston rings for combustion engines |
| JP2001049405A (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-20 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Wear resistant piston ring made of iron base alloy excellent in high temperature wear resistance and thermal conductivity |
| CN1323375A (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2001-11-21 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Reciprocating piston engine |
| CN102257299A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2011-11-23 | 联邦摩高布尔沙伊德公司 | Nitratable steel piston rings and steel cylindrical sleeves, and casting method for the production thereof |
| US20180195611A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Materion Corporation | Piston compression rings of copper alloys |
| WO2018128775A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Materion Corporation | Piston compression rings of copper-nickel-tin alloys |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5676146B2 (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2015-02-25 | 株式会社リケン | Pressure ring and manufacturing method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-10-07 CN CN202080071533.2A patent/CN114555929A/en active Pending
- 2020-10-07 JP JP2021513492A patent/JPWO2021075326A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-07 WO PCT/JP2020/037979 patent/WO2021075326A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0821073A1 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-01-28 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid GmbH | Cast iron alloy for the production of piston rings for combustion engines |
| CN1323375A (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2001-11-21 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Reciprocating piston engine |
| JP2001049405A (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-20 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Wear resistant piston ring made of iron base alloy excellent in high temperature wear resistance and thermal conductivity |
| CN102257299A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2011-11-23 | 联邦摩高布尔沙伊德公司 | Nitratable steel piston rings and steel cylindrical sleeves, and casting method for the production thereof |
| US20180195611A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Materion Corporation | Piston compression rings of copper alloys |
| WO2018128775A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Materion Corporation | Piston compression rings of copper-nickel-tin alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2021075326A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
| WO2021075326A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
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