CN114540697B - Superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 Composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 Composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical class [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007546 Brinell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 simultaneously Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
- C22C33/0228—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising other non-metallic compounds or more than 5% of graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al alloy 2 O 3 The composite material comprises raw materials and a lubricating forming agent which are uniformly mixed to prepare mixture particles, wherein the raw materials comprise nano aluminum oxide powder, copper-clad composite powder and copper-clad graphite powder, and the components in the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compounds; putting the mixed particles into a die, and performing compression molding on the mixed particles according to a preset pressure value to prepare an initial blank; placing the initial blank body into a sintering furnace for heat preservation according to preset heat preservation time to obtain a heat preservation blank body; cooling the heat-insulating blank to room temperature to obtain the superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material. The invention discloses superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material has the characteristics of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, good wear resistance and lubricity and high antifriction property, thereby prolonging the service life of parts of the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of iron-copper based powder metallurgy, in particular to superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material and a method for preparing the same.
Background
The powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing is a porous alloy product with lubricating oil impregnated in pores, and has the characteristics of low cost, no need of adding lubricating oil for long-time work and the like. The main materials for preparing the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing are iron base and copper base, the former is cheap and easy to rust, and the latter is better in corrosion resistance and expensive in raw material price.
The surface of the Fe-Cu-C composite material consisting of copper-clad iron and copper-clad graphite consists of a copper phase, so that the Fe-Cu-C composite material has stronger corrosion resistance, but the comprehensive properties of the Fe-Cu-C composite material, such as hardness, wear resistance, strength and the like, are still difficult to satisfy. Therefore, at present, an inexpensive and high-performance oil-retaining bearing material of powder metallurgy is still lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that a powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material with good performance and low price is lacked at present, and provides superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al for overcoming the defects of the prior art 2 O 3 Composite materials and methods for making the same.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material of the ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is prepared by uniformly mixing raw materials, and then performing compression molding, sintering and cooling on the raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise nano aluminum oxide powder, copper-clad composite powder and copper-clad graphite powder, and the components in the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron carbon compound.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material comprises 86.30-98.83% of copper-clad composite powder by mass; the mass percentage of the copper-coated graphite powder is 0.67-11.70%; the mass percentage of the nano aluminum sesquioxide powder is 0.5-2.0%.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the nano aluminum sesquioxide powder is 10-30 nm.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the granularity of the copper-clad composite powder is 1-4 mu m.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the mass ratio of copper in the copper-clad composite powder to the composition of the iron, the silicon carbide and the iron-carbon compound is 1:4 to 1:2, respectively.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material comprises 0.5-3.0% by mass of silicon carbide in the copper-clad composite powder and compound carbon in the copper-clad composite powderThe mass percent is 0.85 percent, and the balance is the total content of copper and iron.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the copper-coated graphite powder is 2-5 mu m. The mass ratio of copper to carbon in the copper-coated graphite powder is 1:1 to 1:2, the graphite content in the copper-coated graphite powder is 0.3-3.5%.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A method of making a composite material comprising:
step A, uniformly preparing a mixture particle by using a raw material and a lubricating forming agent, wherein the raw material comprises nano aluminum oxide powder, copper-clad composite powder and copper-clad graphite powder, and the components of the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and an iron-carbon compound;
b, putting the mixed particles into a mould, and carrying out compression molding on the mixed particles according to a preset pressure value to prepare an initial blank;
step C, placing the initial blank into a sintering furnace for heat preservation according to preset heat preservation time to obtain a heat preservation blank;
step D, cooling the heat-insulating blank to room temperature to obtain the superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following specific steps:
step A1, putting the nano aluminum oxide powder, the copper-clad composite powder and the copper-clad graphite powder into a mixer according to a mixture ratio, wherein the mass percent of the copper-clad composite powder is 86.30-98.83%; the mass percentage of the copper-coated graphite powder is 0.67-11.70%; the mass percent of the nano aluminum oxide powder is 0.5-2.0%;
and A2, adding a lubricating and forming agent into the raw materials, and mixing the lubricating and forming agent and the raw materials to obtain mixed material particles.
The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A process for preparing a composite material, wherein the lubricant-forming agentThe lubricant forming agent comprises zinc stearate, and the weight of the lubricant forming agent accounts for 1% of that of the mixture particles.
Has the advantages that: in the composite material, the surface of the material consists of a copper phase and a nano-alumina phase, the nano-alumina is an effective dispersed particle strengthening phase of a copper-based material, simultaneously, copper and carbon are beneficial alloy elements of an iron-based material, and silicon carbide and iron can react to generate Fe at high temperature x SiC y A metallic compound phase, thereby strongly hardening the iron-based material, while graphite is an effective solid lubricating phase. Therefore, the composite material prepared by adopting iron, copper, carbon (graphite), silicon carbide, iron carbon compound and aluminum oxide can be written as Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The lubricating oil has the characteristics of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, good wear resistance and lubricity, low price and high antifriction property, thereby prolonging the service life of parts of the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al provided by the present invention 2 O 3 General flow diagram of the method of making the composite material.
Detailed Description
The invention provides superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 In order to make the objects, technical schemes and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The implementation provides an ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is prepared by uniformly mixing raw materials, press-forming, sintering and cooling, wherein the raw materials comprise nano aluminum sesquioxide powder (Al) 2 O 3 Powder), copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder), the components of the composite powder in the copper-clad composite powder are copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compound.
Aluminum oxide (Al) 2 O 3 ) The copper-based composite material is a compound with high hardness, is hardly dissolved in water or a nonpolar organic solvent, has a melting point of 2050 ℃, and is an effective dispersed particle strengthening phase of a copper-based material. Meanwhile, the Mohs hardness of the silicon carbide SiC is 9.5 grade, the silicon carbide SiC has good wear resistance, a melting point of 2700 ℃, a high heat conductivity coefficient, a small thermal expansion coefficient and stable chemical properties, and the silicon carbide and the iron can react at high temperature to generate Fe x SiC y A metal compound phase, thereby strengthening the iron-based material. The superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al obtained in the example 2 O 3 The composite material is prepared by nano alumina powder (Al) 2 O 3 Powder), copper claddingPowder combination (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder) is mixed, pressed, formed, sintered and cooled to obtain the composite material, and simultaneously, the copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) is copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron carbon compounds. The components are mixed to obtain the prepared Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material. Thus, the ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al of the present example 2 O 3 The composite material has the characteristics of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, good wear resistance and lubricity and high antifriction property, thereby prolonging the service life of parts of the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing material.
Further, the copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) in the raw materials is preferably selected according to the mass percentage Chemical combination of ) Powder) 86.30-98.83%, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder) 0.67-11.70%, nano aluminium sesquioxide powder (Al) 2 O 3 Powder) is 0.5 to 2.0 percent. For example, in 1kg of raw material, copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination of ) Powder) of 98.83kg, copper coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder) of 0.67kg and nano-alumina of 0.5kg.
Further, in order to enhance the structural properties of the lubricant phase and the strengthening phase in the texture structure, the ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al of the present example 2 O 3 In the composite material, nano aluminium sesquioxide powder (Al) is adopted 2 O 3 Powder) with the granularity of 10-30 nm, copper-clad composite powder with the granularity of 1-4 mu m, copper-clad graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder) has a particle size of 2 to 5 μm.
In addition, in copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination of ) Powder), the copper-coated object comprises a composition of iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compound, the ratio of copper to the composition can influence the reaction in the subsequent compression molding process, and in order to further rationalize the lubricating phase and the strengthening phase, the mass ratio of copper to the composition of iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compound, namely Cu: (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination of ) In the following, 1:4 to 1:2, the preferred mass ratio is equal to 0.18.
In addition, the ratio of the compositions, i.e., the copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compound, is also extremely important to the effect of the final composite material, and in this example, the mass percentage of silicon carbide used is 0.5 to 3.0%, while the mass percentage of carbon compound in the copper-clad composite powder is 0.85%, and the total of the first two mass percentages is copper-clad composite powder (cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder), the balance being the combined content of copper and iron.
In addition, since high purity graphite is expensive, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder), in addition to copper and graphite, also contains carbon C in general. Thus, in this example, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder), the mass ratio of copper to carbon is 1:1 to 1:2, the preferred ratio is 1.22:2.33, it is noted that carbon here refers to copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder) of all carbon molecules, including normal carbon and graphitic carbon. Meanwhile, graphite carbon is necessary, so when the purity of graphite is not high, graphite accounts for copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder) 0.3-3.5% of the total mass. It should be noted that in this embodiment, only the copper-coated graphite powder (cu @ c) with low graphite purity is used Graphite Powder) as an example, if high-purity copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) is adopted, specific parameters are explained Graphite Powder), the specific parameters can be adjusted.
Accordingly, another technical solution of the present invention is an ultra-fine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al as described above 2 O 3 A method of making a composite material, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
step A, mixing raw materials and uniformly preparing mixture particles by using a lubricating forming agent, wherein the raw materials comprise nano aluminum sesquioxide powder (Al) 2 O 3 Powder), copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder), the components in the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compound;
b, putting the mixed particles into a mould, and carrying out compression molding on the mixed particles according to a preset pressure value to prepare an initial blank;
step C, placing the initial blank into a sintering furnace for heat preservation according to preset heat preservation time to obtain a heat preservation blank;
step D, cooling the heat-insulating blank to room temperature to obtain superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material.
Specifically, the raw material, i.e., the above ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al is prepared 2 O 3 Nano aluminium (Al) trioxide powder in composite material 2 O 3 Powder), copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder), the components in the copper-clad composite powder include copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron-carbon compounds. In order to ensure the effect of compression after mixing, the raw materials and the lubricating and forming agent are uniformly mixed to prepare mixture particles before compression. The lubricant-forming agent is a agent having a lubricating and forming function, and may be a mixture of a lubricant and a forming agent. In this example, zinc stearate was used as the lubricant forming agent, and the zinc stearate was used as a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a mold release agent, and the like. The mass ratio of the lubricant forming agent added in the raw materials in the mixed material particles is 1%.
Mixing the raw materials, namely nano aluminum sesquioxide powder (Al) according to a mixture ratio 2 O 3 Powder), copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination of ) Powder), copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder) is put into a mixer, and the mixer is V-shaped and can feed at two sides in order to facilitate the addition of a lubricating forming agent. Wherein, the copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) is 86.30 to 98.83 percent; the copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder) is 0.67 to 11.70 percent; the nano aluminum sesquioxide powder (Al) 2 O 3 Powder) is 0.5 to 2.0 percent by mass.
And simultaneously adding a lubricating forming agent into the raw materials, and mixing the lubricating forming agent with the raw materials by a mixer to obtain mixture particles. The mixing time is preferably 2 to 3 hours.
And then placing the mixed particles into a preset die, and carrying out compression molding on the mixed particles under a preset pressure value to support an initial blank. In this embodiment, the preset pressure value is between 500MPa and 600 MPa.
And then, preserving the heat of the initial blank obtained by pressing, stably forming a stable structure, and taking the blank obtained at the stage as a heat preservation blank. The temperature range adopted in the heat preservation stage is 1050-1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h.
Finally, cooling the heat-insulating blank to room temperature to obtain the superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al mentioned above 2 O 3 A composite material.
This example provides two prepared ultra-fine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 Examples of composite materials are as follows:
the first embodiment:
superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material adopts Al with the granularity of 30nm 2 O 3 Powder, copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) with granularity of 1-4 mu m Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) with particle size of 2-5 μm Graphite Powder), according to the mass ratio: al (Al) 2 O 3 0.50% of powder and copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) 98.83 percent, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder): 0.67 percent of the formula, namely putting the mixture powder into a V-shaped mixer, and adding a lubricating forming agent, wherein the lubricating forming agent is zinc stearate, and the adding amount is 1 percent of the weight of the mixture. Mix for 2 hours to obtain uniform blend particles. Putting the mixture particles into a die, pressing and molding under the pressure of 500-600 MPa to prepare an initial blank, then putting the prepared initial blank into an atmosphere sintering furnace, preserving the heat at 1150 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
And preparing a standard oil-retaining bearing detection sample. The radial crushing strength of the detection standard sample is 500MPa, the apparent hardness HB is 120, and the density is 6.08g/cm 3 . The radial crushing strength was examined according to GB/T6804-2008 "determination of radial crushing strength of sintered metal bushings". The hardness was tested according to ISO6506-1-2014 part 1 Brinell hardness test for metallic materials test method. Density according to GB5163-1985 & lt & gt Permeability sintered MetalMaterial-determination of density.
The second embodiment:
superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material adopts Al with the granularity of 30nm 2 O 3 Powder, copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) with granularity of 1-4 mu m Chemical combination of ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) with particle size of 2-5 μm Graphite Powder), according to the mass ratio: al (aluminum) 2 O 3 1.0% of powder and copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination of ) Powder) 95.0%, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @C) Graphite Powder): 4.0 percent of the total weight of the ingredients, namely, preparing the ingredients, namely putting the ingredient powder into a V-shaped mixer, and adding a lubricating forming agent, wherein the lubricating forming agent is zinc stearate, and the adding amount is 1 percent of the weight of the ingredients. Mix for 2 hours to obtain uniform blend particles. Putting the mixture particles into a die, pressing and molding under the pressure of 500-600 MPa to prepare an initial blank, then putting the prepared initial blank into an atmosphere sintering furnace, preserving the heat at 1150 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
And preparing a standard oil-retaining bearing detection sample. The radial crushing strength of the detection standard sample is 475MPa, the apparent hardness HB is 123, and the density is 6.01g/cm 3 . The radial crushing strength was examined according to GB/T6804-2008 "determination of radial crushing strength of sintered metal bushings". Hardness was tested according to ISO6506-1-2014 Brinell hardness test for metallic materials part 1 test method. The density was examined according to GB5163-1985 determination of the density of permeable sintered metal materials.
The third embodiment:
superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material adopts Al with the granularity of 10nm 2 O 3 Powder, copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) with granularity of 1-4 mu m Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) with particle size of 2-5 μm Graphite Powder), according to the mass ratio: al (aluminum) 2 O 3 1.5% of powder and copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) 90.5%, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder): 8.0 percent of the formula, namely putting the mixture powder into a V-shaped mixer, and adding a lubricating forming agent, wherein the lubricating forming agent is zinc stearate, and the adding amount is 1 percent of the weight of the mixture. Mixing ofAfter 3 hours, uniform mixture particles were obtained. Putting the mixture particles into a die, pressing and molding under the pressure of 500-600 MPa to prepare an initial blank, then putting the prepared initial blank into an atmosphere sintering furnace, preserving the heat at 1050 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
And preparing a standard oil-retaining bearing detection sample. The radial crushing strength of the detection standard sample is 450MPa, the apparent hardness HB is 126, and the density is 5.98g/cm 3 . The radial crushing strength is tested according to GB/T6804-2008 'determination of radial crushing strength of sintered metal bushings'. The hardness was tested according to ISO6506-1-2014 part 1 Brinell hardness test for metallic materials test method. The density was examined in accordance with GB5163-1985 determination of the Density of permeable sintered Metal materials.
Fourth embodiment:
superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material adopts Al with the particle size of 10nm 2 O 3 Powder, copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) with granularity of 1-4 mu m Chemical combination ) Powder) and copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) with particle size of 2-5 μm Graphite Powder), by mass: al (Al) 2 O 3 2.0% of powder and copper-clad composite powder (Cu @ (Fe/SiC/FeC) Chemical combination ) Powder) 86.30%, copper-coated graphite powder (Cu @ C) Graphite Powder): 11.70 percent of the total weight of the ingredients, namely, preparing the ingredients, namely putting the ingredient powder into a V-shaped mixer, and adding a lubricating forming agent, wherein the lubricating forming agent is zinc stearate, and the adding amount is 1 percent of the weight of the ingredients. Mix for 3 hours to obtain uniform blend particles. Putting the mixture particles into a die, pressing and molding under the pressure of 500-600 MPa to prepare an initial blank, then putting the prepared initial blank into an atmosphere sintering furnace, preserving the heat at 1050 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a finished product.
And preparing a standard oil-retaining bearing detection sample. The radial crushing strength of the detection standard sample is 430MPa, the apparent hardness HB is 130, and the density is 5.89g/cm 3 . The radial crushing strength was examined according to GB/T6804-2008 "determination of radial crushing strength of sintered metal bushings". Hardness was tested according to ISO6506-1-2014 Brinell hardness test for metallic materials part 1 test method. Density is determined according to GB5163-1985 & lt & ltPermeability sintered Metal Material & gt & lt & gtAnd performing examination.
Claims (7)
1. Superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 Composite material, characterized in that the ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 The composite material is obtained by uniformly mixing raw materials, and then performing compression molding, sintering and cooling, wherein the raw materials comprise nano aluminum oxide powder, copper-clad composite powder and copper-clad graphite powder, the components in the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and iron carbon compound, the mass percent of the copper-clad graphite powder is 0.67-11.70%, and the mass percent of the copper-clad composite powder is 86.30-98.83%; the mass percentage of the nano aluminum oxide powder is 0.5-2.0%, and the mass ratio of copper in the copper-clad composite powder to the composition of the iron, the silicon carbide and the iron-carbon compound is 1:4 to 1:2, the mass percent of the silicon carbide in the copper-clad composite powder is 0.5-3.0%, the mass percent of the combined carbon in the copper-clad composite powder is 0.85%, and the balance is the total content of copper and iron components.
2. The ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al alloy of claim 1 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the particle size of the nano aluminum sesquioxide powder is 10-30 nm.
3. The ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al of claim 1 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the granularity of the copper-clad composite powder is 1-4 mu m.
4. The ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al alloy of claim 1 2 O 3 The composite material is characterized in that the granularity of the copper-coated graphite powder is 2-5 mu m, and the mass ratio of copper to carbon in the copper-coated graphite powder is 1:1 to 1:2, the graphite content in the copper-coated graphite powder is 0.3-3.5%.
5. An ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al alloy as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, uniformly preparing a mixture particle from a raw material and a lubricating forming agent, wherein the raw material comprises nano aluminum oxide powder, copper-clad composite powder and copper-clad graphite powder, the components of the copper-clad composite powder comprise copper, iron, silicon carbide and an iron-carbon compound, and the mass percentage of the copper-clad graphite powder is 0.67-11.70%;
b, putting the mixed particles into a die, and performing compression molding on the mixed particles according to a preset pressure value to prepare an initial blank body, wherein the pressure value is 500-600 MPa;
step C, placing the initial blank body into a sintering furnace for heat preservation according to preset heat preservation time to obtain a heat preservation blank body, wherein the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, and the heat preservation temperature is 1050-1150 ℃;
step D, cooling the heat-insulating blank to room temperature to obtain the superfine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al 2 O 3 A composite material.
6. The ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al of claim 5 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized in that the step A specifically comprises the following steps:
adding a lubricating and forming agent into the raw materials, and mixing the lubricating and forming agent and the raw materials to obtain mixed material particles.
7. The ultrafine Fe-Cu-SiC-C-Al of claim 5 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized in that the lubricating and forming agent comprises zinc stearate, and the weight of the lubricating and forming agent accounts for 1% of the weight of the mixture particles.
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| CN112553534A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-03-26 | 大连大学 | Preparation method of copper-iron-based friction material |
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| US3963449A (en) * | 1973-05-04 | 1976-06-15 | Ishizuka Garasu Kabushiki Kaisha | Sintered metallic composite material |
| US4923829A (en) * | 1986-09-05 | 1990-05-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Composite ceramics and method of making the same |
| CN109014233A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-18 | 惠州市新宏泰科技有限公司 | Salic ultra-fine iron-based powder of one kind and preparation method thereof |
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