CN114509294A - A subsea drilling and grab integrated sampling system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering technical equipment, and aims to provide a seabed drilling and grab bucket integrated sampling system. The method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a base, a protective frame, a rotary drilling system, a mechanical hydraulic grab bucket system, a power supply and power system, an anti-torsion system and a measurement and control system; the rotary drilling system comprises a drill stand which is vertically arranged, and a power head pressing plate is movably arranged on the same side edge of the two vertical plates and is provided with a power head rotary drilling system; a drilling lifting system is arranged between the vertical plates, and the power head pressure plate can realize displacement in the vertical direction under the driving of the drilling lifting system; the power head rotary drilling system comprises a hydraulic power head fixed on a power head pressing plate, a water faucet and a main shaft are sequentially connected below the power head rotary drilling system, a drill rod suite is vertically installed at the lower end of the main shaft, and a drill bit in the drill rod suite can penetrate through a through hole in the hole plate. The invention can perform visual sampling aiming at different seabed stratums, particularly for the region with blocky stones on the seabed surface layer, and can be used for shallow surface layer exploration of deep sea seabed geological conditions.

Description

A subsea drilling and grab integrated sampling system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of marine engineering technical equipment, in particular to an integrated sampling system for seabed drilling and grabbing.

Background technique

The deep-sea rock drilling rig is a kind of drilling equipment whose drilling system works completely on the seabed. It has a completely different working mode from the usual marine drilling rigs that rely on drilling ships or drilling platforms. The equipment is mounted on a large marine scientific research ship. Through the visual control system on the deck, the station addressing of the rig body is controlled, and the long umbilical cord is used for high-voltage power supply and optical fiber communication. core data. Compared with the offshore drilling rig, it has the advantages of low drilling cost, high efficiency, small sample disturbance, small equipment size, easy operation and strong ship adaptability.

The deep-sea rock grab sampling equipment is similar in principle to the above-mentioned deep-sea rock drilling rig, except that the sampling method is different. At present, the two types of equipment are independent of each other, and cannot achieve the goal of grabbing and drilling rock samples at the same time, and cannot meet the visual and accurate comparison and analysis of seabed rock formations and surface rocks.

Therefore, the research on the integrated sampling system of seabed drilling and grabbing is carried out to realize the drilling of seabed rocks and the grabbing of massive rocks on the seabed surface. a sampling capability. The sampling system can greatly improve the scope of seabed resource exploration and geological survey, and improve the technical level of my country's marine geological exploration equipment, which is of indispensable significance to the development of my country's marine industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated sampling system for subsea drilling and grabbing, which solves the problem that the current goal of grabbing and drilling rock samples cannot be achieved at the same time, and the visual and accurate comparison and analysis of subsea rock formations and surface rocks cannot be satisfied. .

For solving the technical problem, the solution of the present invention is:

Provide an integrated sampling system for subsea drilling and grab, including: base and protection frame, rotary drilling system, mechanical hydraulic grab system, power supply and power system, anti-twist system and measurement and control system;

The rotary drilling system includes a vertically arranged drilling frame, which is a frame structure composed of two parallel vertical plates, a top plate and an orifice plate at the bottom; a power head is movably installed on the same side edge of the two vertical plates Pressing plate, a power head rotary drilling system is installed on the power head pressing plate, and a drilling lifting system is installed between the two vertical plates, and the power head pressing plate can realize vertical displacement under the driving of the drilling lifting system ;

The power head rotary drilling system includes a hydraulic power head fixed on the power head pressure plate, the lower part of which is connected with a water tap and a main shaft in turn, a drill pipe kit is installed vertically at the lower end of the main shaft, and the drill bit in the drill pipe kit can pass through the orifice plate. through holes.

As a preferred solution, an anti-corrosion zinc block is installed inside the base and the protective frame, an anti-collision strip is installed outside, and the top of the base is connected to the umbilical cable.

As a preferred solution, the drilling hoisting system includes a pulley block arranged between the vertical plates of the drilling frame, and a chain wound around the pulley block, the two form a double-stroke mechanism; the chain is divided into an upper chain and a lower chain, and the two It is used to realize the up and down stroke of the hydraulic power head, thereby realizing the lowering and lifting of the drill bit in the drill pipe set.

As a preferred solution, the pulley set includes an upper guide wheel, a sprocket and a lower guide wheel. The upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel are respectively fixed on the upper and lower ends of the drill frame through pins as fixed pulleys; the sprockets are fixed on the chain through pins. The wheel frame is used as a movable pulley. The sprocket guide rods are arranged on both sides of the sprocket frame, and the sprocket guide rods are movably installed in the vertical chute on the side of the drill frame. Stroke hydraulic stroke cylinder.

As a preferred solution, the mechanical hydraulic grab bucket system includes a grab bucket mounting frame, which is composed of a horizontally arranged support plate, two bucket body mounting plates and two oil cylinder mounting plates; two oppositely arranged grab bucket bodies pass through the bucket body. The pin shaft is movably installed between the bucket body mounting plates, a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder is installed on the upper side of the support plate, and a set of oil cylinder hanging plates is installed on each of the two oil cylinder installation plates. Hydraulic grabbing oil cylinders are respectively arranged between the bucket bodies.

As a preferred solution, a camera and a lighting lamp are installed on the grab bucket mounting frame.

As a preferred solution, the power supply and power system includes a power supply system and a hydraulic power system; wherein, the power supply system includes an underwater battery compartment, which is connected to various electrical equipment (such as reversing valves, lights, cameras, altimeters, Electronic control system, sensors, etc.); hydraulic power system includes underwater motor pump, hydraulic oil source, hydraulic valve box and hydraulic pipelines connecting each oil cylinder.

As a preferred solution, the anti-twist system includes a position and attitude sensor and an underwater propeller mounted on the base and the protective frame; there are two underwater propellers, and the axial directions of the propellers are perpendicular to each other.

As a preferred solution, the measurement and control system includes an underwater electronic cabin, a control unit, a communication unit and a measurement unit are arranged in the underwater electronic cabin, the measurement unit includes an altimeter, and the communication unit connects the camera and the mother ship through an optical fiber to realize the transmission of video data and control signals. send.

As a preferred solution, the system also includes a pressure compensation system, which is composed of a spring-type hydraulic compensator and corresponding pipe fittings.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The integrated sampling system of the present invention has the functions of visual drilling and grabbing, and the visualization function can realize autonomous drilling of seabed rock formations, and can also grab seabed massive rocks independently.

2. The present invention can carry out visual sampling for different strata of the seabed, especially the area with massive rocks on the seabed surface (such as crust area, etc.), and can be used for shallow surface exploration of deep seabed geological conditions.

3. The present invention can also be equipped with other sensors such as CTD and water collector, thereby broadening the functions of the deep-sea rock sampling system.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated sampling system for subsea drilling and grabbing.

FIG. 2 is a rear side view of the sampling system of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling hoisting system.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the drilling hoist system of FIG. 3 .

Figure 5 is an upper partial schematic view of the drilling hoist system.

Figure 6 is a partial schematic view of the middle of the drilling hoisting system.

Figure 7 is a bottom partial schematic view of the drilling hoisting system.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the drilling hoisting system.

Figure 9 is an overall schematic diagram of a mechanical hydraulic grab system.

FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the mechanical hydraulic grab system of FIG. 8 .

Reference symbols in the figure: 1 base and protective frame; 2 rotary drilling system; 2-1 upper guide wheel assembly; 2-1-1 upper guide wheel; 2-1-2 upper guide wheel pin; 2-1- 3 Upper guide wheel pin baffle; 2-2 chain joint assembly; 2-2-1 chain joint; 2-2-2 chain pull rod; 2-3 power head assembly; 2-3-1 power head pressure plate; 2- 3-2 hydraulic power head; 2-3-3 faucet; 2-3-4 main shaft; 2-4 hydraulic stroke cylinder; 2-5 chain pull rod; 2-6 sprocket; 2-6-1 sprocket frame; 2 -6-2 chain wheel; 2-6-3 chain wheel pin; 2-6-4 chain wheel guide rod; 2-7 drill frame; 2-8 chain pull rod; 2-9 lower guide wheel; 2-10 hole Orifice plate; 2-10-1 orifice guide plate; 2-10-2 orifice nylon sleeve; 3 underwater interface box; 4 underwater thruster; 5 underwater battery compartment; 6 hydraulic oil source; 7 hydraulic valve box; 8 underwater motor pump; 9 mechanical hydraulic grab system; 9-1 hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 9-2 support plate; 9-3 grab mounting bracket; 9-4 oil cylinder hanging plate; 9-5 hydraulic grab Oil cylinder; 9-6 grab bucket body; 9-7 bucket body pin; 9-8 hydraulic grab cylinder; 9-9 grab bucket body; 10 underwater electronic cabin; 11 hydraulic compensator.

Detailed ways

In this application, the serial numbers of the components themselves, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects, and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "connection" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (connections). In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description , rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly stated and defined, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features indirectly through an intermediary touch. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

As shown in the figure, the subsea drilling and grab integrated sampling system of the present invention includes: a base and a protective frame 1, a rotary drilling system, a mechanical hydraulic grab system, a power supply and power system, an anti-twist system and a measurement and control system; in,

The base and the protective frame 1 are equipped with anti-corrosion zinc blocks inside, and an anti-collision strip is installed outside, the top of which is connected to the umbilical cable.

The rotary drilling system includes vertically arranged drilling frames 2-7, which is a frame structure composed of two parallel vertical plates, a top plate and a bottom orifice plate 2-10; it is active on the same side edge of the two vertical plates. A power head pressing plate 2-3-1 is installed, a power head rotary drilling system is installed on the power head pressing plate 2-3-1, and a drilling lifting system is installed between the two vertical plates, and the power head pressing plate can be Driven by the drilling hoisting system, the displacement in the vertical direction is realized;

The rotary drilling system of the power head is shown in Figures 3 to 8, including the hydraulic power head 2-3-2 fixed on the power head pressure plate, and the water tap 2-3-3 and the main shaft 2-3-4 are connected below it in turn. The lower end of the main shaft 2-3-4 is installed with a drill pipe set vertically, and the drill bit in the drill pipe set can pass through the through hole on the orifice plate 2-10.

The drilling hoisting system includes a pulley block set between the vertical plates of the drill frame and a chain wound on the pulley block, which form a double-range mechanism; the main function of the double-range mechanism is to control the up and down travel of the power head, so as to realize drilling Decentralization and promotion of tools. One end of the chain is connected to the chain joint 2-2-1 on the power head pressure plate 2-3-1, and the other end is connected to the chain pull rod 2-5 on the sprocket assembly 2-6 in the pulley block. The pulley block includes an upper guide pulley 2-1-1, a sprocket assembly 2-6 and a lower guide pulley 2-9. The upper guide pulley 2-1-1 and the lower guide pulley 2-9 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the drilling frame through pins. The end is used as a fixed pulley; the sprocket assembly 2-6 includes a sprocket assembly 2-6-2 as a movable pulley, which is fixed in the sprocket frame 2-6-1 through the sprocket pin 2-6-3. The two sides of 2-6-1 are provided with sprocket guide rods 2-6-4, and the sprocket guide rods 2-6-4 are movably installed in the vertical chute on the side of the drilling frame. The chain includes two parts, an upper chain (dotted line in Figure 8) and a lower chain (dotted line in Figure 8). The winding method of the upper chain in the pulley block is as follows: one end of the chain is fixed at the chain joint 2-2-1, around the upper guide wheel 2-1-1, and continues around the sprocket assembly 2-6-2, and then fixed at the chain rod 2 -5. A hydraulic stroke oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the upper guide wheel assembly 2-1, and the lower part of the hydraulic stroke oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the sprocket frame 2-6-1. The winding method of the lower chain in the pulley block is as follows: one end is fixed on the chain joint 2-2-2, surrounds the lower guide wheel 2-9, continues to surround the chain wheel assembly 2-6-2, and then is fixed on the chain pull rod 2-8, The hydraulic stroke cylinder is used to provide the initial stroke of the double stroke mechanism.

The mechanical hydraulic grab system is shown in Figures 9 and 10, including a grab mounting frame 9-3 composed of a horizontally arranged support plate, two bucket body mounting plates and two oil cylinders; two oppositely arranged grab buckets The body 9-6 is movably installed between the bucket body mounting plates through the bucket body pin shaft 9-7, a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder 9-1 is installed on the upper side of the support plate, and a set of oil cylinder cranes is installed on each of the two oil cylinder installation plates. For the hanging plate 9-4, hydraulic grabbing oil cylinders 9-5 and 9-8 are respectively arranged between the oil cylinder hanging plate 9-4 on the same side and the grab body 9-6. There are mounting holes on the grab bucket mounting bracket 9-3 for mounting cameras and lighting.

The power supply and power system includes a power supply system and a hydraulic power system; wherein, the power supply system includes an underwater battery compartment 5, which is connected to various electrical equipment (such as underwater thrusters, reversing valves, lights, cameras, altimeters, electrical equipment) through cables. control system, sensors, etc.); the power supply system is powered by the ship's high-voltage control cabinet through armored photoelectric composite cables, underwater interface boxes, underwater high-voltage connectors, etc. The system can use the low-voltage control and boost output working mode, and use the underwater substation for voltage conversion to provide power for the underwater electronic cabin, the underwater motor pump, the hydraulic valve, the lighting, etc. The hydraulic power system includes an underwater motor pump 8, a hydraulic oil source 6, a hydraulic valve box 7 and a hydraulic pipeline connecting each oil cylinder. Its function is to provide power for rotary drilling, drilling and lifting systems, etc. The function of cooling and filtering hydraulic oil. The hydraulic valve box 7 consists of a box body, a hydraulic valve, a valve seat and corresponding pipe fittings.

The anti-twist system includes a position and attitude sensor mounted on the base and the protective frame 1 and an underwater propeller 4; there are two underwater propellers 4, and the axial directions of the propellers are perpendicular to each other. During the deployment process of the sampling system, the on-board pose sensor is used to monitor its traveling attitude in real time. If its attitude changes greatly, start the two underwater thrusters to correct the attitude, keep the attitude stable, and reduce the influence of the current on it, so that the sampling system can land smoothly.

The measurement and control system includes an underwater electronic cabin 10. The underwater electronic cabin 10 is provided with a control unit, a communication unit and a measurement unit. The measurement unit includes an altimeter. The communication unit connects the camera and the mother ship through optical fibers to realize the transmission of video data and control signals. The high-definition video input interface is HD-SDI high-definition digital coaxial, the video signal is transmitted without loss, the video bandwidth is not less than 1.25G, the total bandwidth of the analog video channel, data control channel and network channel is not less than 1.25G, and the total bandwidth of optical fiber communication is not less than 1.25G. less than 2.5Gb/s.

The system also includes a pressure compensation system consisting of spring-type hydraulic compensators and corresponding pipe fittings. Its function is to compensate for the oil volume of the hydraulic power system, and at the same time act as a pressure compensator for components that use oil to balance deep water pressure.

More detailed implementation examples are described as follows:

The overall structure of the subsea drilling and grab integrated sampling system is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The rotary drilling system 2, the underwater interface box 3, the thruster 4, the underwater battery compartment 5, the hydraulic oil source 6, the hydraulic valve The tank 7 , the underwater motor pump 8 , the mechanical hydraulic grab system 9 , the underwater electronic cabin 10 , and the hydraulic compensator 11 are all installed on the base and the protection frame 1 .

3 to 7 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the rotary drilling system 2, including a power head rotary system and a drilling hoisting system. Among them, the upper part of the power head pressing plate 2-3-1 is equipped with a chain joint 2-2-1, and the lower part is provided with a chain pull rod 2-2-2. The slides are matched to realize the movable connection, and can move up and down under the driving of the chain. The power head 2-3-2 is installed on the power head pressure plate 2-3-1, the lower part is the faucet 2-3-3 (providing an interface for the flushing liquid), and the lower part of the faucet 2-3-3 is installed with the spindle 2-3-4, The lower end of the main shaft 2-3-4 is connected to the drill pipe kit. The rotary drilling system mainly provides positive and negative rotary torque for the drilling rig, connects and unloads the drill pipe and drilling tools, provides the interface for the flushing fluid and assists the shackle action.

The drilling and lifting system mainly includes frames 2-7, hydraulic stroke cylinders 2-4, and a double stroke mechanism composed of a pulley block and a chain. In the double stroke mechanism, the upper chain connected with the chain joint 2-2-1 is connected to the chain pull rod 2-5 after bypassing the upper guide wheel assembly 2-1 and the sprocket assembly 2-6; the power head pressing plate 2-3 -1 There is a chain pull rod 2-2-2 at the lower part, the lower chain is connected to the chain pull rod 2-2-2 and then goes around the lower guide wheel 2-9 and the sprocket assembly 2-6, and is connected to the chain pull rod 2-8. When the sprocket assembly 2-6 moves upward, the lower chain drives the power head pressure plate 2-3-1 to move downward; when the sprocket assembly 2-6 moves downward, the upper chain drives the power head pressure plate 2-3- 1 Move up, and then control the up and down stroke of the hydraulic power head 2-3 to realize the lowering and lifting of the drill bit in the drill pipe kit. Hydraulic stroke cylinders 2-4 provide the initial stroke of the double stroke mechanism.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , it is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical hydraulic grab system 9 . When the integrated sampling system of subsea drilling and grab bucket is hoisted to the seabed, the grab bucket is first opened by hydraulic grabbing cylinders 9-5 and 9-8, and then the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder 9-1 is driven to lower the grab bucket to a suitable position. position; then drive the hydraulic grabbing cylinders 9-5 and 9-8 to slowly close the grab to grab the massive rock samples on the seabed surface. After the grab is completed, use the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9-1 to slowly lift the grab bucket and recover the grab bucket to a suitable position. Cameras and lights are installed on the grab bucket, and real-time visualization operations can be performed during the grabbing process.

Finally, it should be noted that the above enumerations are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many modifications are possible. All deformations that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from the disclosed content of the present invention shall be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A seafloor drilling and grab bucket integrated sampling system, comprising: the system comprises a base, a protective frame, a rotary drilling system, a mechanical hydraulic grab bucket system, a power supply and power system, an anti-torsion system and a measurement and control system;

the rotary drilling system comprises a drill stand which is vertically arranged and is of a frame structure consisting of two parallel vertical plates, a top plate and a bottom orifice plate; a power head pressing plate is movably arranged on the same side edge of the two vertical plates, a power head rotary drilling system is arranged on the power head pressing plate, a drilling lifting system is arranged between the two vertical plates, and the power head pressing plate can realize displacement in the vertical direction under the driving of the drilling lifting system;

the power head rotary drilling system comprises a hydraulic power head fixed on a power head pressing plate, a faucet and a main shaft are sequentially connected below the hydraulic power head, a drill rod suite is vertically installed at the lower end of the main shaft, and a drill bit in the drill rod suite can penetrate through a through hole in the hole plate.

2. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the base and the protective frame are internally provided with an anti-corrosion zinc block, externally provided with an anti-collision strip, and the top end of the anti-collision strip is connected with an umbilical cable.

3. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the drilling hoist system comprises a pulley block disposed between risers of the drilling rig, and a chain wound around the pulley block, both of which constitute a double-stroke mechanism; the chain divide into upper portion chain and lower part chain, and both cooperations are used for realizing the upper and lower stroke of hydraulic power head, and then realize transferring and promoting of drill bit in the drilling rod external member.

4. The integrated sampling system of claim 3, wherein the pulley block comprises an upper guide wheel, a chain wheel and a lower guide wheel, and the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel are respectively fixed at the upper end part and the lower end part of the drill frame through pin shafts to serve as fixed pulleys; the chain wheel is fixed in a chain wheel frame through a pin shaft to serve as a movable pulley, chain wheel guide rods are arranged on two sides of the chain wheel frame, and the chain wheel guide rods are movably arranged in vertical sliding grooves in the side edges of the drill frame; and a hydraulic stroke oil cylinder for providing the initial stroke of the double-stroke mechanism is arranged in the drill frame.

5. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the mechanical hydraulic grab system comprises a grab mounting bracket consisting of a horizontally arranged support plate, two grab body mounting plates and two cylinder mounting plates; two grab bucket bodies which are arranged oppositely are movably arranged between the bucket body mounting plates through a bucket body pin shaft, hydraulic telescopic oil cylinders are arranged on the upper sides of the supporting plates, a group of oil cylinder hanging plates are respectively arranged on the two oil cylinder mounting plates, and hydraulic grabbing oil cylinders are respectively arranged between the oil cylinder hanging plates on the same side and the grab bucket body.

6. The integrated sampling system of claim 5, wherein the grapple mount has a camera and a light mounted thereon.

7. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the power supply and drive system comprises a power supply system and a hydraulic power system; the power supply system comprises an underwater battery cabin which is connected to each electric device through a cable; the hydraulic power system comprises an underwater motor pump, a hydraulic oil source, a hydraulic valve box and hydraulic pipelines connected with the oil cylinders.

8. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the anti-twist system comprises a pose sensor and an underwater thruster mounted on a base and a protective frame; the underwater propellers are two in number, and the axial directions of the propellers of the underwater propellers are perpendicular to each other.

9. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, wherein the measurement and control system comprises an underwater electronic cabin, a control unit, a communication unit and a measurement unit are arranged in the underwater electronic cabin, the measurement unit comprises an altimeter, and the communication unit is connected with the camera and the mother ship through optical fibers to realize transmission of video data and control signals.

10. The integrated sampling system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure compensation system comprised of a spring-loaded hydraulic compensator and corresponding tubing.

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