A kind of fiber grating of passive temperature compensation and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber grating, particularly a kind of fiber grating with temperature compensation.
Background technology
Fiber grating is a kind ofly by ultraviolet light the optical fiber with light sensitive characteristic directly to be exposed and form a kind of novel optical device of refractive index cycle variation in the fiber cores district.Chirp grating promptly is a kind of fiber grating wherein.
Because variation of ambient temperature, the volume and the fiber core refractive index of optical fiber change, and then cause an important parameter centre wavelength drift of chirp grating.When the centre wavelength drift value of chirp grating was big, corresponding flashlight just can not correctly be reflected and dispersion compensation.So in system, require the centre wavelength of chirp grating to keep stable as far as possible.The centre wavelength of maintenance chirp grating is stablized several different methods, such as; A, chirp grating is placed on temperature keeps in the stable environment, thus the centre wavelength of the stable control of environment temperature chirp grating promptly by the control chirp grating.B, chirp grating are a kind of positive temperature coefficient devices, and centre wavelength was elongated when promptly temperature raise, and centre wavelength shortened when temperature reduced.Utilize the special material (as pottery etc.) of negative expansion coefficient, through suitably selecting and assembling, can offset the center wavelength variation amount of chirp grating when varying with temperature, thereby keep the centre wavelength of chirp grating stable.C, select the different different materials of expansion coefficient (as metal etc.) for use, utilize special construction, through suitably assembling, thereby the center wavelength variation amount that can offset chirp grating when varying with temperature keeps the centre wavelength of chirp grating stable.D, select for use the very little special optical fiber of temperature coefficient to make chirp grating, the center wavelength variation amount of chirp grating is little when variation of ambient temperature, and system can stand.
As mentioned above, keep the stable method of the centre wavelength of chirp grating more in theory, but most methods have shortcoming, difficulty is big.Make an isoperibol of placing chirp grating, need powerful constant-temperature circuit, poor reliability, and also volume is big.The special material of negative expansion coefficient costs an arm and a leg and the present production marketing that also is not enough to satisfy the long dimensional requirement of chirp grating.Yet do not have temperature coefficient very little at present, can satisfy the report of the special optical fiber of making the stable chirp grating of centre wavelength.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fiber grating of making reliable, volume is little, in light weight, the temperature compensation performance is good, reliability is high passive temperature compensation simple, rational in infrastructure.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of support that thermal expansivity is minimum and big adjusting lever and the fiber grating of thermal expansivity organically combines, and makes the method for the fiber grating of reliable, the temperature compensation performance is good, reliability the is high above-mentioned passive temperature compensation of manufacturing simple, rational in infrastructure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention includes at least one fiber grating, the minimum big metallic adjusted bar of metal support, a thermal expansivity of a thermal expansivity, wherein, a support section is respectively arranged about described support, fiber grating is fixed on the rack upper surface two ends, and adjusting lever is installed in the biside plate of support bottom.
In use finish normal temperature compensation function for effectively guaranteeing fiber grating, be flat on the upper surface of support after the stretched processing of above-mentioned fiber grating and by being adhesively fixed on the support two ends, the grating effective coverage of this optical fiber is between two adhesive spots.
One section of the close both ends of above-mentioned adjusting lever to the recessed scrobicular ring that is formed with in centre, in the biside plate of above-mentioned support corresponding respectively be provided with can ccontaining adjusting lever both ends the mounting hole that cavity is big, opening is little, the mounting hole of described adjusting lever by its two ends and support biside plate is installed in the support bottom and by being adhesively fixed.For further facilitating the centre wavelength of fine setting fiber grating in manufacturing process, the centre wavelength that guarantees fiber grating is near the standard wavelength, thereby improve the yield rate of making device greatly, have certain clearance between the mounting hole of above-mentioned support and the end of adjusting lever and make both form loose fit, the value in this gap is generally 0.1mm.
Be existing certain freely the stretching of the fiber grating that makes passive temperature compensation of the present invention, the amplitude of fluctuation of structure in the time of can reducing its vibration again, improve the reliability of device, the present invention also includes shell, the left end of support that fiber grating, adjusting lever wherein are installed is by at least one cover screw---and the cooperation of nut is fixed on the shell inner cavity left end, and its right-hand member pine is enclosed within the shell inner cavity right-hand member.The amplitude of fluctuation of structure when further reducing to vibrate wherein, but screw---the nut of locating support right-hand member be provided with between the right-hand member of above-mentioned support and the shell right-hand member.
For realizing another object of the present invention, the manufacture method of fiber grating of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, support and adjusting lever that the Design and Machining size is suitable;
B, with fiber grating stretch a bit of after, be bonded in the rack upper surface two ends by ultraviolet glue;
C, the fiber grating that is bonded on the support after will stretching carry out burin-in process, and the centre wavelength of guaranteeing fiber grating is near the standard wavelength;
D, the adjusting lever two ends are installed in the mounting hole of support biside plate;
E, utilize in the gap between adjusting lever and the support mounting hole press or extrapolation support and the centre wavelength of finely tuning fiber grating to the standard wavelength;
F, ultraviolet glue is coated in the gap location of support and adjusting lever, the curing by ultraviolet glue is fixed on the support two ends with adjusting lever.
The present invention is owing to adopting the minimum support structure combining of big adjusting lever of thermal expansivity and thermal expansivity to make the method for the fiber grating of passive temperature compensation, both can fully guarantee to obtain easily the material of making device, and the device volume of its manufacturings reliable, making good reproducibility simple, rational in infrastructure, manufacturing little in light weight, cost is low; Can guarantee effectively that again the temperature compensation of device under passive condition of making is stable and reliable for performance, can satisfy the functional requirement of system fully, promptly can finish correct power reflection and chromatic dispersion compensating function.And support one end is packed in the housing, the other end is placed in structure in the housing by setscrew nut, make existing certain freely the stretching of fiber grating of passive temperature compensation of the present invention, can reduce the amplitude of fluctuation of its structure again in when vibration, further improve the reliability of device.
Description of drawings
Describe basic composition of the present invention and principle of work in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is that structure of the present invention is formed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of aluminium adjusting lever of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of invar support of the present invention;
Embodiment
As Fig. 1~shown in Figure 3, the present invention includes at least one fiber grating 1, the support 2 that one thermal expansivity is minimum, the adjusting lever 3 that one thermal expansivity is big, wherein in the present embodiment, fiber grating 1 refers specifically to chirp grating, be subjected to the influence of variation of ambient temperature, the common influence that expand with heat and contract with cold and the fiber core refractive index of this chirp grating change makes the centre wavelength of chirp grating change, its rate of change is about 10pm/ ℃, and what play a major role in this process is the influence of the refractive index of chirp grating, select for use the invar material that obtains easily with processing and fabricating to make support 2 simultaneously, the thermal expansivity of this invar support 2 is about 1.5*10
-6/ ℃, because of its thermal expansivity less relatively, thereby can not consider its deformation influence in temperature changing process in the total system, we select for use to obtain easily with the aluminum profile extrusion of processing and fabricating and make adjusting lever 3 accordingly, and the thermal expansivity of this aluminium adjusting lever 3 is about 2.3*10
-5/ ℃, wherein fiber grating 1 is fixed on support 2 upper surface two ends, and the upper surface of support 2 is the high right low stepped appearance distribution in a left side simultaneously.For avoiding fiber grating 1 directly to contact with support 2 upper surfaces, the sticky bit place of the corresponding fiber grating 1 of above-mentioned invar support 2 upper surfaces is provided with the convex 23 that raises up slightly respectively simultaneously, and the both ends of fiber grating 1 are bonded on this convex 23 by ultraviolet glue.Aluminium adjusting lever 3 is installed in the support 2 bottom biside plates.Wherein aluminium adjusting lever 3 is varied with the syndeton of invar support 2, in the present embodiment, one section of the close both ends of above-mentioned adjusting lever to the recessed scrobicular ring 31 that is formed with in centre, in the biside plate of above-mentioned invar support 2 corresponding respectively be provided with can ccontaining adjusting lever 3 both ends the mounting hole that cavity is big, opening is little 24, the cooperating of the mounting hole 24 of described aluminium adjusting lever 3 by its two ends and invar support 2 biside plates be installed in support 2 bottoms and by being adhesively fixed.For further facilitating the centre wavelength of fine-tuning fiber grating 1 in manufacturing process, the centre wavelength that guarantees fiber grating 1 is near the standard wavelength, thereby improve the yield rate of element manufacturing greatly, having certain clearance between the mounting hole 24 of above-mentioned invar support 2 and the both ends of adjusting lever 3 makes both form loose fit before bonding, the centre wavelength that can regulate fiber grating 1 by the interior pressure or the invar support 2 of extrapolating when making aluminium adjusting lever 3 device invar support 2 mounting holes 24 in, the value in this gap is generally 0.1mm.Wherein for making existing certain freely the stretching of fiber grating of passive temperature compensation of the present invention, the amplitude of fluctuation of structure in the time of can reducing its vibration again, improve the reliability of device, the present invention also includes shell 4, the left end of invar support 2 that fiber grating 1, aluminium adjusting lever 3 wherein are installed is by at least one cover screw---and the cooperation of nut 21 is fixed on shell 4 inner chamber left ends, in the present embodiment, screw---the cooperation of nut 21 is fixed in the shell 4 left end of invar support 2 by two covers, and its right-hand member pine is enclosed within shell 4 inner chamber right-hand members.Wherein be the amplitude of fluctuation of structure when further reducing its vibration, improve the reliability of device, be provided with the screw that to locate invar support 2 right-hand members---nut between the right-hand member of above-mentioned invar support 2 and shell 4 right-hand members.
Basic functional principle of the present invention is: when variation of ambient temperature, the common influence that expand with heat and contract with cold and the fiber core refractive index of chirp grating (chirp grating is the fiber grating 1 of indication in the present embodiment) change makes the centre wavelength of chirp grating change, this moment is because the deformation of invar support 2 itself is very little, can ignore and not consider, the deformation of aluminium adjusting lever 3 is bigger, the deformation of aluminium adjusting lever 3 causes that deformation takes place invar support 2, and then thereby the distance between two adhesive spots on the change invar support 2 changes the length of chirp grating, and the variation of the length of chirp grating cause the centre wavelength of chirp grating take place with because of the opposite variation of the variation of the caused centre wavelength of temperature variation, when the invar support 2 of selecting suitable dimension for use and 3 combinations of aluminium adjusting lever, both are mutually offsetted by caused variable quantity, and then the centre wavelength that guarantees chirp grating is relatively stable, realize passive temperature compensation, make chirp grating can finish correct power reflection and chromatic dispersion compensating function.
For realizing another object of the present invention, optical fiber manufacturing method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, according to the rate of temperature change of selected chirp grating, invar support 2 that the Design and Machining size is suitable and aluminium adjusting lever 3; It wherein mainly is the size that length (effective length of chirp grating is generally about 10cm in the fiber grating) according to fiber grating 1 (chirp grating) is selected suitable adjusting lever 3 (adjusting lever 3 adopts the aluminium adjusting levers in the present embodiment), the total length of aluminium adjusting lever 3 is 120mm in the present embodiment method, and the size of selecting suitable support 2 (adopting the invar support in the present embodiment), in the present embodiment, distance between the biside plate of invar support 2 is 110mm, the low bit length of the right section of invar support 2 is 50mm, distance between two convexes 23 is 120mm, convex 23 length own are 10mm, convex 23 thickness own are 0.63mm, choose the size that can choose package casing 4 after the size of invar support 2 and aluminium adjusting lever 3 accordingly like this, in the present embodiment, the length of shell 4 is 158mm, respectively is provided with the long erecting bed of a 8mm simultaneously outside shell 4 two ends.
B, with fiber grating 1 stretch a bit of after, in this implementation method, the length that fiber grating 1 is stretched is about 0.8nm, the fiber grating 1 after will stretching again is bonded in support 3 upper surface two ends.
C, the fiber grating 1 that is bonded on the support 2 after will stretching carry out burin-in process, and the centre wavelength of guaranteeing fiber grating 1 under the normal temperature is near the standard wavelength;
D, aluminium adjusting lever 3 two ends are installed in the mounting hole 24 of support 2 biside plates;
E, utilize in the gap between aluminium adjusting lever 3 and invar support 2 mounting holes 24 press or the centre wavelength of extrapolation invar support 2 and fine setting fiber grating 1 to the standard wavelength;
F, ultraviolet glue is coated in the gap location of invar support 2 and aluminium adjusting lever 3, the curing by ultraviolet glue is fixed on support 2 two ends with aluminium adjusting lever 3.
For the fiber grating that further makes passive temperature compensation of the present invention both can effectively guarantee it certain freely stretching arranged, the amplitude of fluctuation in the time of can reducing its vibration again, the reliability of raising device, manufacture method of the present invention is further comprising the steps of:
G, the left end of invar support 2---cooperation of nut 21 (wherein this implementation method is the to utilize two cover screws---cooperation of nut that will be equipped with fiber grating 1, aluminium adjusting lever 3 by at least one cover set screw) invar support 2 left ends are fixed on shell 4 inner chamber left ends; Then
H, invar support 2 right-hand members are placed in shell 4 inner chamber right-hand members, and set screw---the cooperation of nut 22 is positioned at shell 4 inner chamber right-hand members with invar support 2 right-hand members by a cover.Like this by increase by location screw a---nut 22 at unsettled structure end, both guaranteed passive temperature compensation of the present invention fiber grating freely stretch the amplitude of fluctuation when effectively reducing its vibration again, the reliability of raising device.