CN114473179B - Friction welding machine - Google Patents
Friction welding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114473179B CN114473179B CN202210236170.4A CN202210236170A CN114473179B CN 114473179 B CN114473179 B CN 114473179B CN 202210236170 A CN202210236170 A CN 202210236170A CN 114473179 B CN114473179 B CN 114473179B
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- tailstock
- sliding table
- main shaft
- integrated body
- movable sliding
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/121—Control circuits therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction welding machine, which relates to the technical field of friction welding and comprises a machine body, a main shaft system, a power system, a movable sliding table mechanism and an upsetting oil cylinder; the main shaft system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is used for installing a main shaft workpiece; the power system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the main shaft system; the movable sliding table mechanism is in sliding connection with the lathe bed and comprises a tailstock integrated body, the tailstock integrated body is used for installing a tailstock workpiece, and an axle center adjusting device is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table mechanism and can drive the tailstock integrated body to move and lock the position of the tailstock integrated body; the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed, the output end of the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table mechanism, and the upsetting oil cylinder can drive the movable sliding table mechanism to be close to or far away from the main shaft system. The friction welding machine provided by the invention can adjust the axial center position of the tailstock workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction welding, in particular to a friction welding machine.
Background
The rotor assembly, an important component of an aircraft engine, is a mechanical device that transmits mechanical energy to the gas to complete compression of the gaseous medium in the engine's thermodynamic cycle, thereby increasing the pressure of the gas. The traditional connection of the aeroengine rotor assembly is in two modes of mechanical bolt connection and electron beam welding, but the mechanical connection causes that the thickness of the compressor wheel disc is larger, the quality is higher, the integral weight of the engine is increased, the improvement of the thrust-weight ratio and the improvement of the performance of the aeroengine are not facilitated, the electron beam welding method is higher in heat input, larger in welding deformation, higher in residual stress after welding, high in welding difficulty of dissimilar materials, difficult to completely meet the manufacturing requirements of the design of the aeroengine compressor wheel disc, the improvement of the integral performance of the aeroengine is severely restricted, the welding requirements of workpieces can be met by adopting friction welding, the position of a tailstock axle center and the axle center of a clamp cannot be adjusted since the friction welding device in the prior art finishes the production and manufacture, the problem of axle center precision deviation often occurs for the workpieces with special welding requirements, and the existing friction welding machine restrains the workpieces to deviate easily due to the torque action in the welding process, so that the workpieces do not meet the welding requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction welding machine which solves the problems in the prior art and can adjust the axial center position of a tailstock workpiece.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a friction welding machine, which comprises a machine body, a main shaft system, a power system, a movable sliding table mechanism and an upsetting oil cylinder, wherein the main shaft system is arranged on the machine body; the main shaft system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is used for installing a main shaft workpiece; the power system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the main shaft system; the movable sliding table mechanism is in sliding connection with the lathe bed and comprises a tailstock integrated body, the tailstock integrated body is used for installing a tailstock workpiece, an axle center adjusting device is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table mechanism, and the axle center adjusting device can drive the tailstock integrated body to move and can lock the position of the tailstock integrated body; the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed, the output end of the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table mechanism, and the upsetting oil cylinder can drive the movable sliding table mechanism to be close to or far away from the spindle system.
Preferably, the rotary isolation mechanism further comprises a rotary isolation mechanism, the rotary isolation mechanism comprises a guide disc and a plurality of first adjusting mechanisms, the guide disc is movably arranged on the tailstock integrated body, a through hole is formed in the guide disc, a plurality of rollers are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction of the through hole, the spindle system comprises a rotary positioning body, the rotary positioning body is used for installing spindle workpieces, part of side walls of the rollers can be simultaneously contacted with the outer wall of the rotary positioning body, the first adjusting mechanisms are all used for being fixedly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the first adjusting mechanisms are distributed around the guide disc, and the radial positions of the guide disc can be adjusted through matching of the first adjusting mechanisms so that the guide disc and the tailstock workpieces are coaxial, and the positions of the guide disc can be locked.
Preferably, each first adjusting mechanism comprises a first driving device and a first adjusting wedge, the first driving device is in transmission connection with the first adjusting wedge, a plurality of first fixing wedges are arranged on the tailstock integrated body corresponding to the first adjusting wedge, the first adjusting wedge is driven to move through the first driving device, the first adjusting wedge can drive the first fixing wedges to move, so that the radial position of the guide disc is changed, and the position of the guide disc can be locked through the cooperation of each first adjusting wedge and the first fixing wedge.
Preferably, the power system comprises an air cooling system and a driving system, the air cooling system can cool the driving system, and the driving system is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a coupling.
Preferably, the spindle system further comprises a spindle box, a bearing seat, a balance hydraulic cylinder, a thrust disc, a thrust bearing, a floating bearing, a thrust bearing for standby tightening and a spindle, wherein the spindle part is located inside the spindle box and is rotationally connected with the spindle box, the spindle is provided with a first shaft shoulder, a first limiting part is arranged inside the spindle box, the thrust bearing is sleeved on the spindle and is located between the first shaft shoulder and the first limiting part, the balance hydraulic cylinder and the thrust disc are fixedly arranged inside the spindle box and are not contacted with the spindle, the thrust disc is abutted to a piston rod of the balance hydraulic cylinder, one side of the thrust disc, which is far away from the balance hydraulic cylinder, is provided with a second limiting part, the spindle is provided with a second shaft shoulder, the floating bearing is sleeved on the spindle and is located between the first shaft shoulder and the first limiting part, one side, which is far away from the moving mechanism, of the spindle is fixedly connected with the bearing seat, one end, which is far away from the moving mechanism, of the spindle can be in the spindle is capable of being extended from the first end, and is provided with a fourth limiting part, which is located between the first end, and the fourth end, which is provided with a limit nut.
Preferably, the axle center adjusting device comprises a plurality of tensioning mechanisms and a plurality of second adjusting mechanisms, the movable sliding table mechanism further comprises a movable sliding table, the tensioning mechanisms are arranged on one side of the movable sliding table far away from the tailstock integrated body, each tensioning mechanism can drive the tailstock integrated body to move towards the direction close to the movable sliding table so as to limit the movement of the tailstock integrated body, and the tailstock integrated body can be in a position-adjustable state when moving towards the direction far away from the movable sliding table; each second adjusting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table, a plurality of second adjusting mechanisms are distributed around the tailstock integrated body, and when the tailstock integrated body is in a position-adjustable state, the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be adjusted and locked through the plurality of second adjusting mechanisms.
Preferably, each second adjusting mechanism includes a second driving device and a second adjusting wedge, the second driving device is in transmission connection with the second adjusting wedge, a plurality of second fixing wedges are correspondingly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the second driving device can drive the second adjusting wedge to move, one second adjusting wedge can drive one second fixing wedge to move, so that the position of the tailstock integrated body is changed, and the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be locked by matching each second adjusting wedge with each second fixing wedge.
Preferably, the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning cylinder and a tensioning rod, the tensioning rod can sequentially penetrate through the movable sliding table and the tailstock integrated body, one end, far away from the tailstock integrated body, of the tensioning rod is in transmission connection with the tensioning cylinder, the other end of the tensioning rod is provided with a limiting end head, the tensioning cylinder can drive the tensioning rod to move in the direction away from the tailstock integrated body, and the limiting end head is matched with the movable sliding table to limit the axial movement of the tailstock integrated body.
Preferably, the upsetting oil cylinder comprises a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a locking mechanism, wherein a piston rod of the first oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table; the movable sliding table is fixedly provided with a movable sliding table connecting seat, a piston rod of the second oil cylinder can be at least partially positioned in the movable sliding table connecting seat and is in sliding connection with the movable sliding table connecting seat, and the piston rod of the first oil cylinder is parallel to the movement direction of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder; the locking mechanism can lock the movable slipway connecting seat on a piston rod of the second oil cylinder.
Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of connecting pieces, one end, far away from the movable sliding table, of the movable sliding table connecting seat is provided with a plurality of through holes uniformly along the circumferential direction of the movable sliding table connecting seat, a plurality of grooves are correspondingly formed in a piston rod of the second oil cylinder, and the movable sliding table seat can be locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder by penetrating through one through hole through one connecting piece and extending into one groove which is correspondingly arranged with the through hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the friction welding machine provided by the invention, the axis adjusting device is arranged on the movable sliding table mechanism, and the axis adjusting device can adjust the position of the tailstock integrated body for installing the tailstock workpiece, so that the axis position of the tailstock workpiece is changed. Therefore, the friction welding machine provided by the invention can adjust the axial center position of the tailstock workpiece.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a friction welder provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile sliding table mechanism provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mobile slipway mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upsetting cylinder provided by the invention;
in the figure: 100-friction welding machine; 1-a lathe bed; 2-spindle system; 3-power system; 4-moving the slipway mechanism; 5-upsetting an oil cylinder; 51-a first oil cylinder; 52-a second oil cylinder; 53-locking mechanism; 54-moving the slipway connecting seat; 6-a rotary isolation mechanism; 61-a guide disc; 62-a first adjustment mechanism; 63-a roller; 7-an axle center adjusting device; 71-a tensioning mechanism; 72-a second adjustment mechanism; 721-a second drive means; 722-a second adjusting wedge; 723-a second fixed wedge.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a friction welding machine which solves the problems existing in the prior art and can adjust the axial center position of a tailstock workpiece.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a friction welding machine 100, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a machine body 1, a main shaft system 2, a power system 3, a movable sliding table mechanism 4 and an upsetting cylinder 5; the main shaft system 2 is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed 1, and the main shaft system 2 is used for installing a main shaft workpiece; the power system 3 is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed 1, and the power system 3 is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the main shaft system 2; the movable sliding table mechanism 4 is in sliding connection with the lathe bed 1, the movable sliding table mechanism 4 comprises a tailstock integrated body, the tailstock integrated body is used for installing a tailstock workpiece, an axle center adjusting device 7 is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table mechanism 4, and the axle center adjusting device 7 can drive the tailstock integrated body to move and can lock the position of the tailstock integrated body; the upsetting oil cylinder 5 is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed 1, the output end of the upsetting oil cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table mechanism 4, and the upsetting oil cylinder 5 can drive the movable sliding table mechanism 4 to be close to or far away from the spindle system 2.
By providing the axial adjustment device 7 on the movable slide mechanism 4, the axial adjustment device 7 can adjust the position of the tailstock integrated body for mounting the tailstock workpiece, so that the axial position of the tailstock workpiece is changed, and the axial position of the tailstock workpiece is adjusted.
The friction welding machine 100 provided by the invention further comprises a rotary isolation mechanism 6, the rotary isolation mechanism 6 comprises a guide disc 61 and a plurality of first adjusting mechanisms 62, the guide disc 61 is movably arranged on the tailstock integrated body, a through hole is formed in the guide disc 61, a plurality of rollers 63 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction of the through hole, the spindle system 2 comprises a rotary positioning body, the rotary positioning body is used for mounting spindle workpieces, part of the side wall of each roller 63 can be simultaneously contacted with the outer wall of the rotary positioning body, each first adjusting mechanism 62 is fixedly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the plurality of first adjusting mechanisms 62 are distributed around the guide disc 61, and the radial position of the guide disc 61 can be adjusted through the matching of each first adjusting mechanism 62 so that the guide disc 61 is coaxial with the tailstock workpieces and the position of the guide disc 61 can be locked.
The position of the guide disc 61 on the tailstock integrated body can be adjusted through each first adjusting mechanism 62, the rotary positioning body on the main shaft for installing a main shaft workpiece can partially extend into the guide disc 61 and be in contact with the roller 63, meanwhile, the position of the guide disc 61 can be locked through the first adjusting mechanisms 62, the guide disc 61 plays a limiting role, the workpiece can be prevented from shifting in the welding process, the workpiece dislocation and axis deflection caused by the action of welding force and torque are prevented, and good radial jump precision of the workpiece after welding is ensured.
The rotary positioning body is arranged on the main shaft, the main shaft workpiece can be clamped by the main shaft elastic chuck arranged in the rotary positioning body, the rotary positioning body and the main shaft workpiece synchronously rotate along with the main shaft during welding, the tailstock integrated body can be used for clamping the tailstock workpiece, a plurality of pressure plates are arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the guide plate 61 can be arranged on the tailstock integrated body through the pressure plates, the pressure plates can limit the axial movement of the guide plate 61, during friction welding, the main shaft workpiece and the tailstock workpiece are firstly adjusted to be coaxial, the guide plate 61 is adjusted to be coaxial with the rotary positioning body through the first adjusting mechanism 62, the guide plate 61 is sleeved on the rotary positioning body during welding, the rotary positioning body drives the rollers 63 to rotate together, each roller 63 is provided with a rotary shaft and can independently rotate, the main shaft workpiece and the tailstock workpiece are guaranteed to be always coaxial, and meanwhile relative friction movement between other components can be avoided, and accordingly the guide and rotary isolation functions are achieved.
Each first adjusting mechanism 62 comprises a first driving device and a first adjusting wedge, the first driving device is in transmission connection with the first adjusting wedge, a plurality of first fixing wedges are arranged on the tailstock integrated body corresponding to the first adjusting wedge, the first adjusting wedge is driven to move through the first driving device, the first fixing wedges can be driven to move through the first adjusting wedge, so that the radial position of the guide disc 61 is changed, and the position of the guide disc 61 can be locked through the cooperation of each first adjusting wedge and the first fixing wedge.
The sliding surface of each first adjusting wedge block is attached to the sliding surface of one first fixed wedge block correspondingly arranged, the sliding surface of each first adjusting wedge block forms an angle with the moving direction of the first adjusting wedge block, and the first driving device can drive the first adjusting wedge blocks to move, so that the position of the guide disc 61 is changed.
The power system 3 comprises an air cooling system and a driving system, the air cooling system can cool the driving system, the driving system is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a coupler, and the driving system can drive the main shaft to rotate and provide an axial force for the main shaft.
The main shaft system 2 also comprises a main shaft box, a bearing seat, a balance hydraulic cylinder, a thrust disc, a thrust bearing, a floating bearing, a standby thrust bearing and a main shaft, wherein the main shaft part is positioned in the main shaft box and is rotationally connected with the main shaft box, the main shaft is provided with a first shaft shoulder, a first limiting part is arranged in the main shaft box, the thrust bearing is sleeved on the main shaft and is positioned between the first shaft shoulder and the first limiting part, the balance hydraulic cylinder and the thrust disc are fixedly arranged in the main shaft box and are not contacted with the main shaft, interference is not generated when the main shaft rotates, the thrust disc is abutted on a piston rod of the balance hydraulic cylinder, one side of the thrust disc, which is far away from the balance hydraulic cylinder, is provided with a second limiting part, the main shaft is provided with a second shaft shoulder, the floating bearing is sleeved on the main shaft and is positioned between the first shaft shoulder and the first limiting part, the side that the headstock kept away from and remove slip table mechanism 4 is connected with bearing frame bolt, the one end that the slip table mechanism 4 was kept away from to the main shaft can stretch out from the bearing frame, the one end threaded connection that the slip table mechanism 4 was kept away from to the main shaft has a nut, the lateral wall of nut forms third spacing portion, the bearing frame has fourth spacing portion, prepare and tightly locate on the main shaft with thrust bearing cover and lie in between third spacing portion and the fourth spacing portion, prepare and install with the transition fit between thrust bearing outer lane and the bearing frame, inner circle and main shaft transition fit install, wherein thrust bearing is close to removal slip table mechanism 4 with floating bearing's tip one side, prepare with thrust bearing's big end one side and be close to removal slip table mechanism 4, thrust bearing, floating bearing and prepare with thrust bearing and all be the thrust aligning roller bearing of preference.
When the main shaft reaches a preset rotating speed, the power supply is stopped, one end of the main shaft system 2, which is close to the movable sliding table mechanism 4, is provided with an inertia wheel, under the action of the inertia wheel, the main shaft is still in a high-speed rotating state, a tailstock workpiece clamped on the tailstock integrated body is driven by the upsetting oil cylinder 5 to be close to a main shaft workpiece clamped on the main shaft, the workpiece butt joint is completed under the action of the top oil cylinder, the main shaft stops rotating gradually under the action of friction resistance between the two workpieces, in the welding process of stopping rotating the main shaft from the contact of the two workpieces, axial heavy load force always acts on the axial direction of the main shaft, the axial force is borne by a thrust bearing and a floating bearing together, the thrust bearing and the floating bearing are distributed for the coordination of balanced axial force so as to prevent the overlarge burning loss of any bearing, the thrust bearing and the floating bearing are arranged in the middle of the main shaft box, wherein the thrust bearing is fixedly arranged, the floating bearing adopts floating installation, the thrust bearing which is fixedly installed directly acts on the main shaft box, the floating bearing which is in floating installation is installed on the thrust disc, the axial force which is borne by the floating bearing is indirectly acted on the main shaft box body through the balance hydraulic cylinder, the balance hydraulic cylinder acts to balance the axial force borne by the thrust bearing and the floating bearing, the specific principle is that the pressurizing cavity of the balance hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the pressurizing cavity of the axial force pressurizing cylinder, the area of the pressurizing cavity of the balance hydraulic cylinder is half of the area of the loading cavity of the axial force pressurizing cylinder, thus the balance hydraulic cylinder provides half of the axial bearing force of the axial force, namely, the floating bearing bears half of the axial force under the action of the balance hydraulic cylinder, the other half of the axial force is borne by the thrust bearing, and the balance stress technology of the heavy load thrust aligning roller bearing and the balance hydraulic cylinder is adopted, the problem of the bearing of the large bearing capacity main shaft system 2 is solved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.
The balance hydraulic cylinder pressurizing cavity is communicated with the main shaft axial pressurizing hydraulic cylinder pressurizing cavity, the piston area of the balance hydraulic cylinder pressurizing cavity is half of the area of the main shaft axial pressurizing hydraulic cylinder pressurizing cavity, and the balance hydraulic cylinder has only an oil inlet cavity and has no oil return cavity.
The axle center adjusting device 7 comprises a plurality of tensioning mechanisms 71 and a plurality of second adjusting mechanisms 72, the movable slipway mechanism 4 further comprises a movable slipway, the tensioning mechanisms 71 are arranged on one side of the movable slipway away from the tailstock integrated body, each tensioning mechanism 71 can drive the tailstock integrated body to move towards the direction close to the movable slipway so as to limit the movement of the tailstock integrated body, and the tailstock integrated body can be in a position-adjustable state when moving towards the direction away from the movable slipway; each second adjustment mechanism 72 is used for being fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table, a plurality of second adjustment mechanisms 72 are distributed around the tailstock integrated body, and when the tailstock integrated body is in a position-adjustable state, the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be adjusted and locked through the plurality of second adjustment mechanisms 72.
Each second adjusting mechanism 72 comprises a second driving device 721 and a second adjusting wedge block 722, the second driving device 721 is in transmission connection with the second adjusting wedge blocks 722, a plurality of second fixing wedge blocks 723 are correspondingly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the second driving device 721 can drive the second adjusting wedge blocks 722 to move, one second adjusting wedge block 722 can drive one second fixing wedge block 723 to move, so that the position of the tailstock integrated body is changed, and the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be locked through the cooperation of each second adjusting wedge block 722 and each second fixing wedge block 723.
The sliding surface of each second adjusting wedge 722 is attached to the sliding surface of one second fixing wedge 723 correspondingly arranged, the sliding surface of each second adjusting wedge 722 is in an angle with the motion direction of the second adjusting wedge 722, the second driving device 721 can drive the second adjusting wedge 722 to move so as to change the position of the tailstock integrated body, the second adjusting mechanisms 72 are preferably four, and are respectively arranged at the left lower part, the right lower part, the left upper part and the right upper part of the tailstock integrated body, the tailstock integrated body can be moved along all directions in the radial direction through adjusting the second adjusting mechanisms 72 at the left lower part and/or the right lower part, the second driving device 721 can be electrically connected with a control system, the feeding amount of the second driving device 721 is controlled through parameters set by the control system, thereby realizing accurate adjustment of the position of the tailstock integrated body, high adjustment precision can ensure the rear precision of workpieces, the second adjusting mechanisms 72 arranged at the left upper part and the right upper part of the tailstock integrated body are used for being matched with the second adjusting mechanisms 72 arranged at the left lower part and the right lower part of the tailstock integrated body, and the left upper part of the tailstock integrated body can be driven by the second cylinder integrated body 721.
The tensioning mechanism 71 comprises a tensioning cylinder and a tensioning rod, the tensioning rod can sequentially penetrate through the movable sliding table and the tailstock integrated body, one end, away from the tailstock integrated body, of the tensioning rod is in transmission connection with the tensioning cylinder, the other end of the tensioning rod is provided with a limiting end head, the tensioning cylinder can drive the tensioning rod to move in the direction away from the tailstock integrated body, the axial movement of the tailstock integrated body is limited by the cooperation of the limiting end head and the movable sliding table, a tensioning wedge is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the tensioning cylinder, a through hole is formed in the tensioning rod, the tensioning wedge can extend into the through hole, the inner wall, away from one side of the tailstock integrated body, of the through hole can be attached to a sliding surface of the tensioning wedge, and the tensioning wedge can act on the tensioning rod along with the movement of the piston rod through the driving of the tensioning cylinder, so that the tensioning wedge can move in the direction away from the tailstock integrated body.
The upsetting oil cylinder 5 comprises a first oil cylinder 51, a second oil cylinder 52 and a locking mechanism 53, wherein a piston rod of the first oil cylinder 51 is fixedly connected with the movable slipway; the movable sliding table is fixedly provided with a movable sliding table connecting seat 54, a piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 can be at least partially positioned in the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 and is in sliding connection with the movable sliding table connecting seat 54, and the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 51 is parallel to the movement direction of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52; the locking mechanism 53 can lock the movable slide table connecting seat 54 to the piston rod of the second cylinder 52.
The upsetting process is completed through two oil cylinders, the first oil cylinder 51 is only used for pushing the movable sliding table to advance or retreat in an idle mode, the first oil cylinder 51 can be an oil cylinder with a long stroke and less oil supply, when the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 51 advances to a certain distance between a main shaft workpiece and a tailstock workpiece, the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 is locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 through the locking mechanism 53, the second oil cylinder 52 pushes the movable sliding table to advance through the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 to complete upsetting, and the second oil cylinder 52 can be an oil cylinder with a short stroke and large oil supply.
The locking mechanism 53 includes a plurality of connecting pieces, and a plurality of through holes are evenly formed in the end, away from the movable sliding table, of the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 along the circumferential direction of the movable sliding table connecting seat 54, a plurality of grooves are correspondingly formed in the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52, and the movable sliding table seat can be locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 by penetrating through one through hole and extending into one groove corresponding to the through hole through one connecting piece.
The locking mechanism 53 includes a plurality of connecting pieces, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the end, far away from the movable sliding table, of the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 along the circumferential direction of the movable sliding table connecting seat 54, a plurality of grooves are correspondingly formed in the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52, the movable sliding table connecting seat 54 can be locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 by penetrating through one through hole and extending into one groove corresponding to the through hole through one connecting piece, the connecting piece is preferably a fixing pin, and after upsetting is completed, the connecting piece is taken down, and the first oil cylinder 51 and the second oil cylinder 52 are reset.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A friction welder, characterized by: comprising the following steps:
a bed body;
the main shaft system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is used for installing a main shaft workpiece;
the power system is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is in transmission connection with a main shaft of the main shaft system;
the movable sliding table mechanism is in sliding connection with the lathe bed and comprises a tailstock integrated body, the tailstock integrated body is used for installing a tailstock workpiece, an axle center adjusting device is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table mechanism, and the axle center adjusting device can drive the tailstock integrated body to move and can lock the position of the tailstock integrated body;
the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed, the output end of the upsetting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table mechanism, and the upsetting oil cylinder can drive the movable sliding table mechanism to be close to or far away from the main shaft system;
the rotary isolation mechanism comprises a guide disc and a plurality of first adjusting mechanisms, wherein the guide disc is used for being movably arranged on the tailstock integrated body, a through hole is formed in the guide disc, a plurality of rollers are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the through hole along the circumferential direction of the through hole, the spindle system comprises a rotary positioning body, the rotary positioning body is used for installing a spindle workpiece, part of side walls of the rollers can be simultaneously contacted with the outer wall of the rotary positioning body, the first adjusting mechanisms are all used for being fixedly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the first adjusting mechanisms surround the guide disc, and the radial positions of the guide disc can be adjusted through the matching of the first adjusting mechanisms so that the guide disc and the tailstock workpiece are coaxial, and the positions of the guide disc can be locked.
2. The friction welder as defined in claim 1 wherein: each first adjusting mechanism comprises a first driving device and a first adjusting wedge block, the first driving device is in transmission connection with the first adjusting wedge blocks, a plurality of first fixing wedge blocks are arranged on the tailstock integrated body corresponding to the first adjusting wedge blocks, the first adjusting wedge blocks are driven to move through the first driving devices, the first adjusting wedge blocks can drive the first fixing wedge blocks to move, so that the radial positions of the guide plates are changed, and the positions of the guide plates can be locked through the cooperation of the first adjusting wedge blocks and the first fixing wedge blocks.
3. The friction welder as defined in claim 1 wherein: the power system comprises an air cooling system and a driving system, wherein the air cooling system can cool the driving system, and the driving system is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a coupling.
4. The friction welder as defined in claim 1 wherein: the main shaft system still includes headstock, bearing frame, balanced pneumatic cylinder, thrust disk, thrust bearing, floating bearing, prepare for tight thrust bearing and the main shaft, the main shaft part is located headstock is inside and with the headstock rotates to be connected, the main shaft has first shoulder, headstock inside is equipped with first spacing portion, thrust bearing cover is located on the main shaft and be located between first shoulder and the first spacing portion, balanced pneumatic cylinder with the thrust disk all fixed set up in headstock is inside and all do not contact with the main shaft, the thrust disk butt in on the piston rod of balanced pneumatic cylinder, the thrust disk is kept away from one side of balanced pneumatic cylinder has second spacing portion, the main shaft has the second shoulder, floating bearing cover is located on the main shaft and be located between first shoulder and the first spacing portion, the headstock keep away from one side of moving sliding table mechanism with bearing frame fixed connection, the main shaft keeps away from one end of moving mechanism can follow in the sliding table the bearing frame is kept away from one end can be followed the sliding table is kept away from in the first spacing portion, and is located between the first spacing portion has the four spacing nut is located for the top of the moving nut.
5. The friction welder as defined in claim 1 wherein: the axle center adjusting device comprises a plurality of tensioning mechanisms and a plurality of second adjusting mechanisms, the movable sliding table mechanism further comprises a movable sliding table, the tensioning mechanisms are arranged on one side, far away from the tailstock integrated body, of the movable sliding table, each tensioning mechanism can drive the tailstock integrated body to move towards the direction close to the movable sliding table so as to limit the movement of the tailstock integrated body, and the tailstock integrated body can be in a position-adjustable state when moving towards the direction far away from the movable sliding table; each second adjusting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding table, a plurality of second adjusting mechanisms are distributed around the tailstock integrated body, and when the tailstock integrated body is in a position-adjustable state, the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be adjusted and locked through the plurality of second adjusting mechanisms.
6. The friction welder as defined in claim 5 wherein: each second adjusting mechanism comprises a second driving device and a second adjusting wedge block, the second driving device is in transmission connection with the second adjusting wedge blocks, a plurality of second fixing wedge blocks are correspondingly arranged on the tailstock integrated body, the second driving device can drive the second adjusting wedge blocks to move, one second adjusting wedge block can drive one second fixing wedge block to move, so that the position of the tailstock integrated body is changed, and the radial position of the tailstock integrated body can be locked by matching each second adjusting wedge block with each second fixing wedge block.
7. The friction welder as defined in claim 5 wherein: the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning oil cylinder and a tensioning rod, the tensioning rod can sequentially penetrate through the movable sliding table and the tailstock integrated body, one end, far away from the tailstock integrated body, of the tensioning rod is in transmission connection with the tensioning oil cylinder, the other end of the tensioning rod is provided with a limiting end head, the tensioning oil cylinder can drive the tensioning rod to move in the direction far away from the tailstock integrated body, and the limiting end head is matched with the movable sliding table to limit the axial movement of the tailstock integrated body.
8. The friction welder as defined in claim 5 wherein: the upsetting oil cylinder comprises a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder and a locking mechanism, and a piston rod of the first oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable sliding table; the movable sliding table is fixedly provided with a movable sliding table connecting seat, a piston rod of the second oil cylinder can be at least partially positioned in the movable sliding table connecting seat and is in sliding connection with the movable sliding table connecting seat, and the piston rod of the first oil cylinder is parallel to the movement direction of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder; the locking mechanism can lock the movable slipway connecting seat on a piston rod of the second oil cylinder.
9. The friction welder as defined in claim 8 wherein: the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of connecting pieces, one end, far away from the movable sliding table, of the movable sliding table connecting seat is provided with a plurality of through holes uniformly along the circumferential direction of the movable sliding table connecting seat, a plurality of grooves are correspondingly formed in a piston rod of the second oil cylinder, and the movable sliding table seat can be locked on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder by penetrating through one through hole through one connecting piece and extending into one groove which is correspondingly arranged with the through hole.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210236170.4A CN114473179B (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Friction welding machine |
| PCT/CN2022/129116 WO2023168961A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-11-02 | Friction welding machine |
| NL2034283A NL2034283B1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-03-08 | Friction welding machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210236170.4A CN114473179B (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Friction welding machine |
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| CN114473179A CN114473179A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114473179B true CN114473179B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210236170.4A Active CN114473179B (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Friction welding machine |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114473179B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL2034283B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023168961A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114453723B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-11-19 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Upsetting cylinder and friction welding machine |
| CN114473179B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-02-09 | 中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司 | Friction welding machine |
| CN117655692B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-07-19 | 江苏亚力亚气动液压成套设备有限公司 | Centering positioning device for assembling and disassembling hydraulic cylinder |
| CN118875558B (en) * | 2024-08-28 | 2025-01-10 | 中核华誉工程有限责任公司 | A dissimilar welding method for duplex steel and alloy steel |
| CN119525378B (en) * | 2025-01-22 | 2025-05-02 | 山西中工重型锻压有限公司 | A fully automatic ring shaping machine and shaping method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL2034283A (en) | 2023-09-13 |
| NL2034283B1 (en) | 2023-11-27 |
| CN114473179A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| WO2023168961A1 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
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Address after: 150028 No. 2077 Innovation Road, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Applicant after: China National Machinery Engineering Corporation Harbin Welding Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150028 No. 2077 Innovation Road, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Applicant before: HARBIN WELDING INSTITUTE Ltd. |
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