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CN114459021A - Method for co-burning oil-containing sludge in coal-fired boiler - Google Patents

Method for co-burning oil-containing sludge in coal-fired boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114459021A
CN114459021A CN202210050062.8A CN202210050062A CN114459021A CN 114459021 A CN114459021 A CN 114459021A CN 202210050062 A CN202210050062 A CN 202210050062A CN 114459021 A CN114459021 A CN 114459021A
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Prior art keywords
coal
fired boiler
oil
containing sludge
secondary air
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙宁
贺帅
佘艳
马国保
黄河
周志江
王兴琦
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Fanjing New Energy Technology Zhejiang Co ltd
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Fanjing New Energy Technology Zhejiang Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80—Shredding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a co-combustion method of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, and drying the mixture by secondary air of a coal-fired boiler; (2) crushing the dried mixture to obtain hazardous waste powder; (3) and sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration. The invention mixes and burns the oil-containing sludge, the vinasse and the coal powder, reduces NO in the burning processX、SO2And the discharge of heavy metals; meanwhile, the heat in the secondary air is utilized to dry the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, so that the amount of drying is reducedThe use of an external heat source reduces the energy consumption of the system.

Description

Method for co-burning oil-containing sludge in coal-fired boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a method for co-burning oily sludge in a coal-fired boiler.
Background
The oily sludge is solid waste rich in mineral oil, belongs to HW08 waste in national hazardous waste records, and usually contains a certain amount of crude oil, heavy metal ions, inorganic salt compounds and the like. The oily sludge generally contains benzene series, phenols and other substances, along with malodor and toxicity, if the oily sludge is directly contacted with the natural environment, the oily sludge can poison, acidify or alkalize the land, change the soil and soil texture structure, hinder the growth of plant roots and cause great pollution to water and vegetation, and simultaneously means the waste of petroleum resources.
The prior technology for treating the oily sludge mainly comprises resource recovery, harmless treatment, comprehensive utilization technology and the like. The resource recovery treatment technology comprises a solvent extraction method, a water washing method, a microemulsion washing method, a demulsification method and the like. The harmless treatment technology of the oil sludge comprises the technologies of immobilization treatment, biological treatment, incineration and the like. Comprehensive utilization techniques include pyrolysis, brick-making paving, and other uses. The treatment technology of the oil sludge is various, and each method has respective advantages and disadvantages and application range. With the increasingly strict and perfect environmental protection regulations, the oil field oil-containing sludge treatment technology draws high attention, and the oil-containing sludge treatment technology with harmlessness, recycling and comprehensive utilization becomes a necessary trend for the development of the oil sludge treatment technology.
The oily sludge is mixed into the fire coal to be used as fuel, so that the oily sludge can be harmlessly treated and recycled, the cost of the fire coal is reduced, and the method is an economical and feasible oily sludge treatment method. However, when the oily sludge and the coal are mixed and burned, the oily sludge generally needs to be dried by external energy before burning due to the large water content of the oily sludge, and then is burned after being crushed, so that the energy consumption is large; meanwhile, the oily sludge contains a large amount of N, S, P, C, O and heavy metals and other elements, a large amount of harmful flue gas can be generated in the combustion process, and NO in the flue gas is increased during coal burningX、SO2And heavy metal emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that when oil-containing sludge is mixed into fire coal to be used as fuel in a coal-fired boiler in the prior art, external energy is required to be used for drying, the energy consumption is improved, and NO in flue gas is increased during the coal-fired processX、SO2And heavy metal discharge amount, and provides a method for co-combustion of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler, which mixes and co-combusts the oil-containing sludge, vinasse and coal powder to reduce NO in the combustion processX、SO2And discharge of heavy metals; meanwhile, the heat in the secondary air is utilized to dry the oily sludge and the vinasse, so that the use of an additional heat source required by drying is reduced, and the energy consumption of a system is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for co-burning oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, and drying the mixture by secondary air of a coal-fired boiler;
(2) crushing the dried mixture to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration.
The invention mixes the oily sludge into the coal dust for incineration, and can achieve the aim of harmless treatment of the oily sludge; meanwhile, in order to control the emission of flue gas, the invention also mixes vinasse and oily sludge together with coal dust for mixed combustion. Preparation of distillers' grainsThe blending can play a certain role in sulfur fixation and can improve CO and H2、CH4The amount of reducing gas generated is equal to the amount of NO generatedXReduction of (3) to reduce SO2And NOXDischarging; meanwhile, the vinasse is rich in various mineral components capable of trapping heavy metals, so that a chemical adsorption site can be provided for the heavy metals, volatilization of the heavy metals and leaching concentration of the heavy metals are reduced, and enrichment and stabilization of the heavy metals in ash can be realized. Therefore, the invention realizes the harmless and resource treatment of the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse by mixing and burning the oil-containing sludge, the vinasse and the coal powder, improves the utilization rate of the coal-fired boiler and obtains more economic benefits.
Meanwhile, the invention firstly utilizes the heat in the secondary air to dry the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, and then the secondary air enters the coal-fired boiler; the secondary air has higher temperature and higher air speed, can quickly bring out oily sludge and higher content of water in the vinasse, reduces the use of additional heat sources required by the drying of the oily sludge and the vinasse, and reduces the energy consumption of the system; volatile organic compounds and moisture generated in the drying process can enter the coal-fired boiler again along with the air supply unit through the secondary air supply pipeline for incineration, so that secondary pollution is avoided.
Preferably, the secondary air temperature of the coal-fired boiler is 200-250 ℃.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the mixture of the oily sludge and the lees to the air volume of the secondary air in the step (1) is 1t: 20000-21000 Nm3. The temperature of the secondary air and the feeding proportion of the secondary air and the waste are controlled within the range, so that the temperature of the secondary air entering the boiler after drying can meet the combustion requirement, meanwhile, the moisture in the oily sludge and the vinasse can be effectively brought out, and the waste is dried.
Preferably, the volume ratio of primary air to secondary air of the coal-fired boiler is 50: 50-60: 40. By adopting the air distribution mode, the coal-fired boiler has good combustion stability and combustion efficiency, and slag bonding is reduced.
Preferably, the water content of the oily sludge is 30-35 wt%, and the water content of the vinasse is 60-70 wt%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the oily sludge to the vinasse in the step (1) is 35-40: 15.
Preferably, in the step (2), the dried mixture is pulverized to 10-40 mesh.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the dangerous waste powder material to the pulverized coal in the step (3) is 20: 80-30: 70.
Because the water content of the vinasse is high, the vinasse is not easy to dry, if the adding amount of the vinasse is too much, the water content of the dried hazardous waste powder is high, and the combustion efficiency is reduced; and the addition of too little vinasse can cause NO in smokeX、SO2And the discharge amount of heavy metals cannot be effectively controlled; and the addition of the vinasse and the oily sludge can reduce the melting point of ash, so that the slag is easy to form in the combustion process; therefore, the mixing amount of the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse has great influence on the combustion condition and the discharge of pollutants, and the invention controls the mixing ratio of the oil-containing sludge, the vinasse and the coal powder to ensure that the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse can be effectively dried under the action of secondary air, improve the combustion efficiency and simultaneously reduce NO in the combustion processX、SO2And the discharge of heavy metal reduces the slag bonding phenomenon.
Preferably, the central temperature of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is 900-1000 ℃ during incineration in the step (3).
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the oily sludge, the vinasse and the coal powder are mixed and burnt, so that the harmless and resource treatment of the oily sludge and the vinasse is realized, the current situation that the coal-fired boiler singly treats hazardous waste is changed, the utilization rate of the coal-fired boiler is improved, and more economic benefits are obtained;
(2) the heat in the secondary air is firstly utilized to dry the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, and then the secondary air enters the coal-fired boiler, so that the use of an additional heat source required by drying the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse is reduced, and the energy consumption of a system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the co-firing system used in the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a closed hazardous waste pit 1, a drying device 2, a crushing device 3, a crushing device 4, a primary fan 5, a secondary fan 6, an air preheater 7, a primary air supply pipeline 8, a secondary air supply pipeline 9, a first branch 901, a second branch 902, a closed coal dust bin 10, a coal-fired boiler 11, a first feeding device 12, a mixer 13, a second feeding device 14, a gas collecting hood 15 and a gas collecting pipeline 16.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
In the present invention, all the equipment and materials are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The raw material coal used in the examples of the present invention was nakedful coal.
As shown in fig. 1, the co-combustion system used in the embodiments of the present invention includes a pulverized coal feeding unit, a hazardous waste feeding unit, an air supply unit, and a coal-fired boiler 11, which employs a 200t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler.
The coal powder feeding unit comprises a closed coal powder bin 10 and a first feeding device 12 connected with a discharge hole of the closed coal powder bin. The dangerous waste feeding unit comprises a closed dangerous waste pit 1, a drying device 2, a crushing device 3, a crushing device 4 and a second feeding device 14 which are sequentially connected, and the second feeding device is connected with the coal-fired boiler. The air supply unit comprises an air preheater 7 and a primary fan 5 and a secondary fan 6 which are respectively connected with the air preheater. The primary air fan and the secondary air fan are respectively connected with the air preheater and the coal-fired boiler in sequence through a primary air supply pipeline 8 and a secondary air supply pipeline 9.
A mixer 13 is arranged on a primary air supply pipeline between the air preheater and the coal-fired boiler, and the mixer is connected with a first feeding device 12. The secondary air supply pipeline between the air preheater and the coal-fired boiler comprises a first branch 901 and a second branch 902, the first branch is directly connected with the air preheater and the coal-fired boiler, and the second branch is sequentially connected with the air preheater, the drying device and the coal-fired boiler.
The crushing device and the crushing device are respectively provided with a gas collecting hood 15, and the gas collecting hood, the closed pulverized coal bunker and the closed hazardous waste pit are connected with the coal-fired boiler through a gas collecting pipeline 16.
When the system operates, pulverized coal in the closed pulverized coal bunker enters the mixer through the first feeding device, is mixed with primary air which is output by the primary fan and is heated by the air preheater in the mixer, and is conveyed into the coal-fired boiler by the primary air; the oily sludge and the vinasse are mixed in a closed hazardous waste pit, then enter a drying device, are dried by secondary air which is output by a secondary fan and heated by an air preheater, and then are crushed into powder by a crushing device and a crushing device, and then are conveyed into a coal-fired boiler by a second feeding device to be mixed with coal powder for burning, so that the volume reduction, weight reduction and resource recycling of hazardous waste are realized. Volatile organic compounds and moisture generated in the drying process in the drying device enter the coal-fired boiler again along with the air supply unit through the secondary air supply pipeline to be incinerated; the gas in the closed pulverized coal bunker, the closed hazardous waste pit and the gas collected by the crushing device and the gas collecting hood on the crushing device are collected through the gas collecting pipeline and are sent into the coal-fired boiler together for combustion, so that the pollution of volatile organic compounds to the environment and the operation space in the treatment process is avoided.
Example 1:
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge and vinasse in a mass ratio of 38:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, wherein the mass of the mixture fed into the drying device is 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
The results of analyzing the physicochemical properties of the oil-containing sludge and the lees are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1: and analyzing the physicochemical property of the oil-containing sludge.
Figure BDA0003473523080000041
Figure BDA0003473523080000051
Table 2: and analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the vinasse.
Figure BDA0003473523080000052
Example 2:
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (with the water content of 30.5%) and vinasse (with the water content of 63.51%) in a mass ratio of 35:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, and feeding the mixture into the drying device with the mass of 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 200 ℃, and the ratio of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 25:75, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Example 3:
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (water content 31.8%) and vinasse (water content 60.33%) in a mass ratio of 40:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, wherein the mass of the mixture fed into the drying device is 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3H, secondary air temperature of 2The proportion of primary air and secondary air is 60:40(v: v) at 50 ℃;
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 20:80, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 1 (without vinasse fired):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) the oily sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) which is the same as that in the example 1 is directly fed into a drying device, and the mixture is dried by secondary air provided by a secondary air fan, wherein the mass of the mixture fed into the drying device is 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried oily sludge to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 2 (too much vinasse in bulk):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the oily sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) and the vinasse (with the water content of 69.75%) which are in a mass ratio of 15:38 and are the same as those in the example 1 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, and drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary air fan, wherein the mass of the mixture fed into the drying device is 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 3 (co-firing with straw instead of distillers' grains):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) and straws in a mass ratio of 38:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, enabling the mixture to enter a drying device, drying the mixture through secondary air provided by a secondary air fan, and enabling the mass of the mixture entering the drying device to be 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 4 (co-firing with bagasse instead of distillers' grains):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) and bagasse in a mass ratio of 38:15 in a closed type hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, wherein the mass of the mixture fed into the drying device is 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 5 (increase of blending ratio of hazardous waste powder):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) and vinasse (with the water content of 69.75%) in a mass ratio of 38:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, and feeding the mixture into the drying device with the mass of 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 210 ℃, and the proportion of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 40:60, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
Comparative example 6 (lowering secondary air temperature):
the blending combustion method using the system comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing oil-containing sludge (with the water content of 34.6%) and vinasse (with the water content of 69.75%) in a mass ratio of 38:15 in a closed hazardous waste pit, feeding the mixture into a drying device, drying the mixture by secondary air provided by a secondary fan, and feeding the mixture into the drying device with the mass of 4 t/h; secondary air quantity 83527Nm under BMCR (maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler) working condition3The temperature of secondary air is 180 ℃, and the ratio of primary air to secondary air is 50:50(v: v);
(2) crushing and crushing the dried mixture to 10 meshes to obtain dangerous waste powder;
(3) and (3) sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder to the coal powder is 30:70, and the central temperature of a hearth is 900 ℃ during incineration.
The flue gas and ash components after incineration in the above examples and comparative examples were analyzed, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3: and testing results of smoke components.
Figure BDA0003473523080000081
Table 4: and (5) testing the ash component.
Figure BDA0003473523080000082
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, in the embodiments 1 to 3, the method disclosed by the invention is adopted to mix and burn the oil-containing sludge, the vinasse and the coal powder, so that the reduction of hazardous wastes can be effectively realized, and the content of each pollutant in the burned smoke meets the standard of GB 18484-2001.
In comparative example 1, only oily sludge and coal powder are mixed for burning, vinasse is not mixed for burning, and NO in smoke gasXAnd SO2The content is obviously improved, and the discharge amount of heavy metal is also increased; in the comparative example 2, the blending combustion proportion of the vinasse is increased, because the water content of the vinasse is large, the secondary air cannot effectively dry the hazardous waste mixture, the moisture content of the hazardous waste powder entering the boiler is high, the burnout of the fuel is influenced, the thermal ignition loss rate of ash slag is increased, and the standard requirement is not met; in the comparative example 6, the temperature of the secondary air is reduced, the dewatering effect of hazardous waste is also influenced, the thermal ignition reduction rate of ash slag is increased, and the reduction and harmless treatment of waste are incomplete.
Comparative examples 3 and 4, in which straw and bagasse were used instead of distillers' grains and oily sludge were co-fired with coal dust, although NO in flue gas could also be reducedX、SO2And the content of pollutants is equal, but the slag bonding phenomenon can occur in the boiler, and the safety and the economical efficiency of the system operation are influenced. In the comparative example 5, the blending combustion ratio of the dangerous waste coal powder and the coal powder is improved, the content of pollutants in the flue gas is improved, and the standard requirement is not met; and the combustion efficiency is reduced, and the reduction and the harmlessness of the waste are not thorough.

Claims (9)

1. A blending combustion method of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the oil-containing sludge and the vinasse, and drying the mixture by secondary air of a coal-fired boiler;
(2) crushing the dried mixture to obtain hazardous waste powder;
(3) and sending the hazardous waste powder and the coal powder into a coal-fired boiler together for incineration.
2. The method for co-combustion of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the secondary air temperature of the coal-fired boiler is 200 to 250 ℃.
3. The blending combustion method of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mass of the mixture of oil-containing sludge and distiller's grains to the air volume of secondary air in the step (1) is 1t: 20000-21000 Nm3。
4. The method for co-combustion of oily sludge in a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the volume ratio of primary air and secondary air of the coal-fired boiler is 50: 50-60: 40.
5. The method for co-combustion of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler according to claim 2, wherein the water content of the oil-containing sludge is 30-35 wt%, and the water content of the vinasse is 60-70 wt%.
6. The blending combustion method of the oil-containing sludge in the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the mass ratio of the oil-containing sludge to the vinasse in the step (1) is 35-40: 15.
7. The method for co-firing the oil-containing sludge in the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the dried mixture is pulverized to 10 to 40 mesh in the step (2).
8. The blending combustion method of the oil-containing sludge in the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hazardous waste powder material to the pulverized coal in the step (3) is 20: 80-30: 70.
9. The method for co-combustion of oil-containing sludge in a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the central temperature of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is 900-1000 ℃ during the combustion in the step (3).
CN202210050062.8A 2021-09-14 2022-01-17 Method for co-burning oil-containing sludge in coal-fired boiler Pending CN114459021A (en)

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