CN114458517B - Energy storage system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114458517B CN114458517B CN202210094360.7A CN202210094360A CN114458517B CN 114458517 B CN114458517 B CN 114458517B CN 202210094360 A CN202210094360 A CN 202210094360A CN 114458517 B CN114458517 B CN 114458517B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 263
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses an energy storage system and a control method thereof; the energy storage system comprises a water source, an energy storage tank, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly and a pressure stabilizing tank; the energy storage tank is hermetically arranged and is used for storing water extracted from a water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy; the energy storage assembly is used for extracting water from a water source to the energy storage container to store energy; the energy release assembly is connected with the energy storage tank and is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy; the pressure stabilizing tank is used for keeping preset pressure in the energy storage tank when the energy release component releases energy. The energy storage system has higher energy release efficiency, does not need to consume a large amount of fuel to ensure the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, is not influenced by terrain and environmental factors, and has strong practicability and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system and a control method of the energy storage system.
Background
The energy industry is an important foundation for developing national economy and is an important ring for guaranteeing national safety. The safety, high efficiency and low carbon are the centralized manifestation of the technical characteristics of modern energy, and are the core direction of the high point of the preemptive energy technology. In recent years, the demand of energy is increasing, the problem of energy supply is becoming a major concern, and along with the increasing degree of atmospheric and environmental pollution in recent years, the environmental protection problem closely related to the energy problem is attracting attention. In this context, energy storage technology is receiving increasing attention.
The existing energy storage technologies comprise pumping energy storage, compressed air energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage and the like, the electrochemical energy storage has the danger of easy explosion, and the abandoned battery after use is also very polluted, and the pollution is difficult to eliminate. In addition, because of the limitation of factors such as energy storage scale, service life, technical level and the like, only water pumping energy storage and compressed air energy storage can be realized in large-scale application at present. However, the energy release efficiency of the two energy storage technologies is low, and the energy release efficiency is greatly influenced by terrain and environmental factors.
It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancing understanding of the background of the present disclosure and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the disadvantage of low energy release efficiency in the prior art, and provide an energy storage system with high energy release efficiency and a control method of the energy storage system.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an energy storage system comprising:
a water source;
the energy storage tank is hermetically arranged and used for storing water extracted from the water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy;
the energy storage assembly is used for extracting water from the water source to the energy storage container to store energy;
the energy release assembly is connected with the energy storage tank and is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank for energy release;
the pressure stabilizing tank is used for keeping preset pressure in the energy storage tank when the energy release assembly releases energy.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the surge tank includes:
a tank body in which pressure-stabilizing water is stored;
the piston is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body;
the balance weight is arranged above the piston and provides pressure for the piston;
the piston and the counterweight are used for pressing the pressure-stabilizing water in the tank body to the energy storage tank when the energy release assembly releases energy so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset pressures within the piston, the counterweight, and the energy storage tank satisfy the relationship:
G＝aPA/g；
wherein G is the sum of the weight of the piston and the weight of the counterweight, P is the preset pressure in the energy storage tank, A is the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing tank, G is the gravitational acceleration, and a is the correction coefficient, and the value of the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 1.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the surge tank is connected to the water source.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, after the energy storage is completed, the volume of the regulated water in the regulated tank is greater than or equal to the volume of the compressed air in the energy storage tank.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy release assembly includes:
the energy release turbine is connected with the air outlet of the energy storage tank;
the cold source using device is connected with the air outlet of the energy release turbine;
and the first generator is connected with the driving shaft of the energy release turbine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy release assembly further includes:
the water inlet end of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the water source;
and the second generator is connected with the driving shaft of the water turbine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage assembly includes a water pump, the water pump being connected to both the water source and the energy storage tank for drawing water from the water source to the energy storage tank for energy storage.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the water pump is further coupled to the surge tank for pumping water from the water source to the surge tank.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage system further includes:
the pressure sensor is arranged in the energy storage tank and used for detecting the pressure in the energy storage tank in real time;
the control valves are arranged between the water source and the water pump, between the water pump and the energy storage tank, between the water pump and the pressure stabilizing tank, between the pressure stabilizing tank and the energy storage tank, between the energy storage tank and the water turbine, and between the energy storage tank and the energy release turbine;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and the control valves and is used for controlling the water pump and the control valves according to the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a control method of an energy storage system for controlling the pumped-hydro energy storage system as described in any one of the above, the control method comprising an energy storage phase and an energy release phase;
in the energy storage phase:
extracting water from a water source to an energy storage tank, and compressing air in the energy storage tank by the water to store energy;
pumping water to a surge tank;
during the energy release phase:
and controlling the energy release assembly to work, discharging compressed air and water in the energy storage tank to release energy, and simultaneously controlling water in the pressure stabilizing tank to flow to the energy storage tank so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the control energy release assembly is operative to release energy by discharging compressed air and water from the energy storage tank, comprising:
the compressed air in the energy storage tank is controlled to flow into an energy release turbine and a cold source using device in sequence, the energy release turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine provides a cold source for the cold source using device;
and controlling water in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into a water turbine and a water source, and enabling the water turbine to drive a second generator to generate electricity.
The energy storage system is characterized in that an energy storage tank is arranged in a sealing mode, the energy storage tank is used for storing water extracted from a water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy; the energy release assembly is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy; the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with the energy storage tank, and the preset pressure in the energy storage tank is kept when the energy release component releases energy. On one hand, the pressure stabilizing tank is used for keeping the preset pressure in the energy storage tank, so that the water and the compressed air in the energy storage tank can fully release energy, and the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the water and the compressed air in the energy storage tank can release energy, so that the energy release efficiency is improved; in yet another aspect, the air is compressed by water to increase the utilization of the resource. Moreover, the energy storage system does not need to consume a large amount of fuel to ensure the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, is not influenced by terrain and environmental factors, and has strong practicability and low cost.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the disclosure and that other drawings may be derived from them without undue effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an energy storage system of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage tank in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block flow diagram of an example embodiment of a method of controlling an energy storage system of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a water source; 2. an energy storage tank;
3. a surge tank; 31. a tank body; 32. a piston; 33. a counterweight; 34. a seal ring;
41. an energy release turbine; 42. an energy release heat exchanger; 43. a first generator;
51. a water turbine; 52. a second generator;
61. a first control valve; 62. a second control valve; 63. a third control valve; 64. a fourth control valve; 65. a fifth control valve; 66. a sixth control valve; 67. a seventh control valve;
7. a water pump; 8. a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, such as in terms of the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the recited "up" component will become the "down" component. When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and do not limit the number of their objects.
The water pumping and energy storage is to pump water from a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir through a water pump 7, convert electric energy into potential energy of water and store the potential energy of the water, and drive a water turbine 51 to generate electricity by releasing the water of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir. The pumping energy storage has the advantages of large capacity, low cost, long service life and the like, but the selection of the plant address depends on the terrain condition, and has certain difficulty and limitation. The compressed air energy storage is to use electric energy for compressed air, store the electric energy in gas storage devices such as gas storage wells and abandoned mines, convert the electric energy into the internal energy of air to store the internal energy, and release the compressed air to drive a turbine to generate electricity when needed. The capacity of the compressed air energy storage is inferior to that of water pumping energy storage, and meanwhile, the compressed air energy storage has the advantages of long service life, high efficiency and the like, but similar to that of water pumping energy storage, the compressed air energy storage has larger limit on the terrain conditions, a specific terrain condition such as a mountain hole, a abandoned mine and the like is required to construct a gas storage device, and meanwhile, a large amount of fuel is required to provide a heat source for the compressed air energy storage to ensure higher power and efficiency, so that certain limitation exists.
The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an energy storage system of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, which may include a water source 1, an energy storage tank 2, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly, and a surge tank 3; the energy storage tank 2 is arranged in a sealing way, the energy storage tank 2 is used for storing water extracted from the water source 1, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank 2 to store energy; the energy storage assembly is used for extracting water from the water source to the energy storage container to store energy; the energy release assembly is connected with the energy storage tank 2 and is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank 2 for energy release; the surge tank 3 is connected to the energy storage tank 2, and the surge tank 3 is used for maintaining a preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2 when the energy release component releases energy.
According to the energy storage system disclosed by the invention, on one hand, the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2 is kept through the pressure stabilizing tank 3, so that the energy can be fully released by water and compressed air in the energy storage tank 2, and the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the water and the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 can release energy, so that the energy release efficiency is improved; in still another aspect, the water is used for compressing air, so that the utilization rate of resources is improved, the water pumping energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system are miniaturized, the problem that the water pumping energy storage system and the compressed air system depend on special terrain conditions is solved, and the system cost is reduced. Moreover, the energy storage system does not need to consume a large amount of fuel to ensure the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, is not influenced by terrain and environmental factors, and has strong practicability and low cost.
In the present example embodiment, the water source 11 may be water in a reservoir of a residential quarter. The water in the reservoir can be provided by treated community domestic sewage, rainwater and the like, thereby providing a new way for recycling water resources. But also water in swimming pools.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the energy storage tank 2 is provided in a sealed manner so that a certain pressure can be maintained in the energy storage tank 2. The energy storage tank 2 is used for storing water extracted from the water source 11, and because the energy storage tank 2 is in a sealed arrangement, the air in the energy storage tank 2 can be extruded after the water in the energy storage tank 2 is increased, so that the air in the energy storage tank forms compressed air to store energy. The energy storage tank 2 is provided with two water inlets, a water outlet and an air outlet, wherein the two water inlets are a first water inlet and a second water inlet. The gas outlet is arranged at the top of the energy storage tank 2, so that the compressed air can smoothly flow out. The air outlet of the energy storage tank 2 is also used as an air inlet, a pipeline communicated to the atmosphere is connected to the air outlet, a seventh control valve 67 is arranged on the pipeline, and air can enter the energy storage tank 2 by opening the seventh control valve 67.
In addition, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage tanks 2 may be provided in two communicating with each other, and both the two energy storage tanks 2 are hermetically provided, wherein one of the energy storage tanks 2 is for storing compressed air and the other energy storage tank 2 is for storing water. In this case, the surge tank 3 is connected to the energy storage tank 2 for storing water. Of course, more energy storage tanks 2 may be provided, all falling within the scope of the present disclosure.
In the present exemplary embodiment, referring to the schematic structural diagram of the surge tank shown in fig. 2, the surge tank 3 may include a tank body 31, a piston 32, and a counterweight 33; the tank body 31 is used for storing the pressure-stabilizing water; the piston 32 is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body 31, when the energy release assembly releases energy, water in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 flows to the energy storage tank 2 to stabilize the pressure in the energy storage tank 2, at the moment, the piston 32 moves downwards along with the reduction of the water, and when the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is filled with the pressure stabilizing water, the piston 32 moves upwards along with the increase of the water; a weight 33 is provided on the piston 32, the weight 33 provides pressure to the piston 32, and the weight 33 moves with the movement of the piston 32, i.e., the weight 33 moves together with the piston 32. The surge tank 3 is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture.
The piston 32 is further provided with a sealing ring 34, the sealing ring 34 is located between the piston 32 and the tank 31, and the sealing ring 34 can seal between the tank 31 and the piston 32.
Since the surge tank 3 is used for maintaining the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 during energy release, the surge tank 3 mainly plays a role in stabilizing pressure and is used for stabilizing pressure water, the piston 32 and the counterweight 33; accordingly, the preset pressures within the piston 32, the counterweight 33 and the tank 2 satisfy the relationship:
G＝aPA/g；
wherein G is the sum of the weight of the piston 32 and the weight of the counterweight 33, and the unit is kg; p is the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2, and the unit is Pa; a is the cross section area of the inner cavity of the surge tank 3, and the unit is m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the g is gravity acceleration, and the unit is m/s 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the a is a correction coefficient considering factors such as friction, loss and the like, and the value of the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 1.
The surge tank 3 has a water inlet and a water outlet.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the energy release assembly may include an energy release turbine 41, a cold source using device (illustrated as an energy release heat exchanger 42), and a first generator 43; the energy release turbine 41 is connected to the air outlet of the energy storage tank 2, and the energy release turbine 41 is provided with a driving shaft; the first generator 43 is connected to the drive shaft of the energy release turbine 41. Compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 stably flows into the energy release turbine 41 to drive a driving shaft of the energy release turbine 41 to rotate, and the driving shaft of the energy release turbine 41 drives the first generator 43 to rotate to generate electricity. A cold source using device (such as an energy release heat exchanger 42 is exemplified) is connected to the air outlet of the energy release turbine 41; the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 does work through the energy release turbine 41, and simultaneously, the compressed air expands to do work to form low-temperature air, and the low-temperature air is taken as a cold source to enter a cold source using device (an exemplary illustration is as an energy release heat exchanger 42) for heat exchange, and the air after heat exchange is discharged to the atmosphere. In other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the cooling source using device may be a refrigerator, a district air conditioner, or the like, in addition to the energy releasing heat exchanger 42, and the exhaust port of the energy releasing turbine 41 may be directly connected to the refrigerator, the district air conditioner, or the like, so as to cool the refrigerator, the district air conditioner, or the like.
In the present example embodiment, the energy release assembly may further include a water turbine 51 and a second generator 52. The water inlet end of the water turbine 51 is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank 2, and the water turbine 51 is provided with a driving shaft; the second generator 52 is connected to the drive shaft of the water turbine 51. The water in the energy storage tank 2 flows into the water turbine 51 to drive the driving shaft of the water turbine 51 to rotate, and the driving shaft of the water turbine 51 drives the second generator 52 to rotate to generate electricity. The water outlet of the water turbine 51 is connected to the water source 1, so that water flowing out of the water turbine 51 directly flows to the water source 1, and water in the water source 1 can be reused, thereby avoiding wasting water resources.
In this example embodiment, the pumped-hydro energy storage system may further include a pressure sensor 8, where the pressure sensor 8 is disposed within the energy storage tank 2 for detecting the pressure of the air within the energy storage tank 2 in real time.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the energy storage assembly comprises a water pump 7, and the water pump 7 is connected with the water source 1 and the energy storage tank 2, and is used for extracting water from the water source 1 to the energy storage tank for energy storage. Specifically, a pipe is connected between the first water inlet of the energy storage tank 2 and the water source 1, a water pump 7 is provided on the pipe, and water of the water source 1 is extracted to the energy storage tank 2 by the water pump 7. A first control valve 61 is provided in the pipe between the water pump 7 and the water source 1, and a second control valve 62 is provided in the pipe between the water pump 7 and the tank 2.
The water outlet end of the water pump 7 is also connected to the water inlet of the surge tank 3 through a pipe, and a third control valve 63 is arranged on the pipe between the water pump 7 and the surge tank 3. The water from the water source 1 can be pumped to the surge tank 3 by the water pump 7.
In addition, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage tank 2 and the surge tank 3 may be connected to the water source 1 through pipes, respectively, and water pumps 7 are provided on the pipes each connected to the water source 1, respectively, that is, two water pumps 7 are provided, one water pump 7 for pumping water of the water source 1 to the energy storage tank 2 and the other water pump 7 for pumping water of the water source 1 to the surge tank 3; the two water pumps 7 can operate simultaneously without the need to store water in the energy storage tank 2 and then in the surge tank 3, or to store water in the surge tank 3 and then in the energy storage tank 2.
The water outlet of the surge tank 3 is also connected to the second water inlet of the energy storage tank 2 via a pipe, and a fourth control valve 64 is provided on the pipe between the surge tank 3 and the energy storage tank 2.
The gas outlet of the energy storage tank 2 is connected to the energy release turbine 41 through a pipeline, and a fifth control valve 65 is arranged on the pipeline between the energy storage tank 2 and the energy release turbine 41. The energy release turbine 41 is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft of the energy release turbine 41 is connected with the first generator 43, and the energy release turbine 41 can drive the first generator 43 to rotate to generate electricity so as to realize energy release.
The water outlet of the tank 2 is connected to the turbine 51 by a pipe, and a sixth control valve 66 is provided in the pipe between the tank 2 and the turbine 51. The water turbine 51 is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft of the water turbine 51 is connected with a second generator 52, and the water turbine 51 can drive the second generator 52 to rotate to generate electricity so as to realize energy release.
The energy storage system may further comprise a power supply assembly, which is electrically connected to the water pump 7, and the power supply assembly may be a mains supply, solar energy or wind generating set. When the utility power is used, energy can be stored in the low electricity consumption mode, and energy can be released in the high electricity consumption mode, so that peak shifting and valley filling of the power are realized, and the voltage consumption is reduced. The solar energy or wind generating set can accumulate and use a few small amount of energy sources, so that the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
In the present exemplary embodiment, a water level sensor (not shown) may be provided in the surge tank 3, and the volume of water in the surge tank 3 is detected by the water level sensor (not shown).
In this example embodiment, the energy storage system may further include a controller; the input end of the controller is electrically connected to the output end of the water level sensor and/or the output end of the pressure sensor 8, and a plurality of output ends of the controller are electrically connected to the first control valve 61, the second control valve 62, the third control valve 63, the fourth control valve 64, the fifth control valve 65, the sixth control valve 66, the seventh control valve 67 and the water pump in a one-to-one correspondence. The controller is used for controlling the water pump 7 and the plurality of control valves according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 8 and the water level value detected by the water level sensor.
Further, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a control method of an energy storage system, and refer to a schematic block diagram of a control method flow of an energy storage system shown in fig. 3. The control method is used for controlling the pumped storage system of any one of the above, and the control method can comprise an energy storage stage and an energy release stage;
in the energy storage phase:
step S10, extracting water from a water source 1 to an energy storage tank 2, and compressing air in the energy storage tank 2 by the water to store energy;
step S20, extracting water to the surge tank 3;
during the energy release phase:
step S30, controlling the energy release assembly to work, discharging the compressed air and water in the energy storage tank 2 to release energy, and simultaneously,
controlling the water in the surge tank 3 to flow to the energy storage tank 2 so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2.
The above-described control method is exemplarily described below.
In the energy storage stage, the controller controls the first control valve 61 and the second control valve 62 to be opened, and the water pump 7 is started; the energy storage part of the energy storage system starts to work: the water stored in the water source 1 (reservoir) at normal temperature and normal pressure is pumped to the energy storage tank 2 through the water pump 7, and as the energy storage tank 2 is a sealed tank body 31, the water flowing into the energy storage tank 2 compresses the air in the energy storage tank 2 to form compressed air; after the pressure sensor 8 detects that the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 reaches the preset pressure, the controller controls the second control valve 62 to be closed, the third control valve 63 to be opened, water in the water source 1 (reservoir) is pumped to the pressure stabilizing tank 3 through the water pump 7, and when the water level sensor detects that the water amount in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is greater than or equal to the volume of compressed air in the energy storage tank 2, the controller controls the third control valve 63 and the second control valve 62 to be closed, so that the energy storage work is completed.
It should be noted that, the water can be pumped to the surge tank 3 through the water pump 7, and then pumped to the energy storage tank 2 through the water pump 7; in the case where two water pumps 7 are provided, two water pumps 7 may be turned on simultaneously, and water is pumped to the surge tank 3 and the energy storage tank 2 simultaneously.
In the energy release stage: the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 is controlled to sequentially flow into the energy release turbine 41 and the cold source using device (an exemplary illustration is an energy release heat exchanger 42), the energy release turbine 41 drives the first generator 43 to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine 41 provides a cold source for the cold source using device (an exemplary illustration is an energy release heat exchanger 42); the water in the energy storage tank 2 is controlled to sequentially flow into the water turbine 51 and the water source 1, and the water turbine 51 drives the second generator 52 to generate electricity.
Specifically, the controller controls the fourth control valve 64 and the fifth control valve 65 to be opened, and the energy release portion of the energy storage system starts to operate: air stored in the energy storage tank 2 and compressed to a preset pressure by water is released and enters the energy release turbine 41 to do work; meanwhile, since the weight of the piston 32 of the surge tank 3 and the weight of the counterweight 33 are equal to the preset pressure in the surge tank 3, the pressure in the compressed air in the surge tank 2 is reduced after the compressed air in the surge tank 2 flows out, the stabilized water stored in the surge tank 3 enters the surge tank 2 under the pressure of the piston 32 and the counterweight 33, and the inflow of the stabilized water is substantially equal to the outflow of the compressed air, so that the water pressure and the air pressure in the surge tank 2 can be stably released through the surge tank 3. And when the water releases energy, the stabilized water in the stabilized tank 3 basically flows into the energy storage tank 2, and the water can also release energy, namely the stabilized water in the stabilized tank 3 can release energy after the stabilization effect is finished, so that the energy release efficiency is improved.
The low-temperature air after the energy release turbine 41 performs work is used as a cold source to enter a cold source using device (an exemplary illustration is as an energy release heat exchanger 42) for heat exchange, the air after the heat exchange is discharged to the atmosphere, and an output shaft of the energy release turbine 41 is connected with the first generator 43 and is used for driving the first generator 43 to generate electricity.
After the compressed air stored in the energy storage tank 2 is emptied, the controller controls the fourth control valve 64 and the fifth control valve 65 to be closed, and controls the sixth control valve 66 to be opened, water with preset pressure stored in the energy storage tank 2 enters the energy release water turbine 51 to apply work, the water after the work is discharged into the water source 1 (reservoir) to realize water circulation, and the output shaft of the energy release water turbine 51 is connected with the second generator 52 to drive the second generator 52 to generate power, so that the circulation is completed and the energy release is realized.
If the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is not arranged, the energy release is at most the difference between the air pressure of the high-pressure air in the energy storage tank 2 and the atmospheric pressure, namely, the energy release is completed when the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 is reduced to the atmospheric pressure; in the application, the pressure of the energy storage tank 2 is always kept greater than the atmospheric pressure through the pressure stabilizing tank 3, so that high-pressure air and water can completely flow out to release energy; and the water in the surge tank 3 can release energy.
Finally, the controller may control opening of the seventh control valve 67 to allow air to enter the tank 2 in preparation for the next energy storage.
In the case that a plurality of water turbines 51 connected in series are provided, water stored in the energy storage tank 2 with a preset pressure sequentially enters the plurality of water turbines 51 to perform work, so that energy release efficiency is improved.
The control valve is normally closed, and is controlled to be opened when the operation is required, and the open control valve is not described as being closed.
It should be noted that although the various steps of the control method of the energy storage system of the present disclosure are depicted in a particular order in the figures, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that particular order or that all of the illustrated steps be performed in order to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step to perform, and/or one step decomposed into multiple steps to perform, etc.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An energy storage system, comprising:
a water source;
the energy storage tank is hermetically arranged and used for storing water extracted from the water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy;
the energy storage assembly is used for extracting water from the water source to the energy storage tank to store energy;
the energy release assembly is connected with the energy storage tank and is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank for energy release;
the energy storage assembly comprises an energy storage tank, an energy storage assembly, a pressure stabilizing tank, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the energy storage tank is used for storing compressed air in the energy storage tank; the surge tank includes:
a tank body in which pressure-stabilizing water is stored;
the piston is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body;
the balance weight is arranged above the piston and provides pressure for the piston;
the piston and the counterweight are used for pressing the pressure-stabilizing water in the tank body to the energy storage tank when the energy release assembly releases energy so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
2. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined pressures within the piston, the counterweight, and the energy storage tank satisfy the relationship:
G=aPA/g；
wherein G is the sum of the weight of the piston and the weight of the counterweight, P is the preset pressure in the energy storage tank, A is the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing tank, G is the gravitational acceleration, and a is the correction coefficient, and the value of the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 1.
3. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the surge tank is connected to the water source.
4. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy release assembly comprises:
the energy release turbine is connected with the air outlet of the energy storage tank;
the cold source using device is connected with the air outlet of the energy release turbine;
and the first generator is connected with the driving shaft of the energy release turbine.
5. The energy storage system of claim 4, wherein said energy release assembly further comprises:
the water inlet end of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the water source;
and the second generator is connected with the driving shaft of the water turbine.
6. The energy storage system of claim 5, wherein the energy storage assembly comprises a water pump, the water pump being connected to both the water source and the energy storage tank for drawing water from the water source to the energy storage tank for energy storage.
7. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein said water pump is further coupled to said surge tank for drawing water from said water source to said surge tank.
8. The energy storage system of claim 6, further comprising:
the pressure sensor is arranged in the energy storage tank and used for detecting the pressure in the energy storage tank in real time;
the control valves are arranged between the water source and the water pump, between the water pump and the energy storage tank, between the water pump and the pressure stabilizing tank, between the pressure stabilizing tank and the energy storage tank, between the energy storage tank and the water turbine, and between the energy storage tank and the energy release turbine;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and the control valves and is used for controlling the water pump and the control valves according to the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors.
9. A control method of an energy storage system for controlling the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control method comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage;
in the energy storage phase:
extracting water from a water source to an energy storage tank, and compressing air in the energy storage tank by the water to store energy;
pumping water to a surge tank;
during the energy release phase:
the energy release assembly is controlled to work, compressed air and water in the energy storage tank are discharged to release energy, meanwhile, water in the pressure stabilizing tank is controlled to flow to the energy storage tank so as to keep preset pressure in the energy storage tank, and after energy storage is completed, the volume of the pressure stabilizing water in the pressure stabilizing tank is larger than or equal to the volume of the compressed air in the energy storage tank.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein controlling the energy release assembly to operate to release energy from the compressed air and water within the energy storage tank comprises:
the compressed air in the energy storage tank is controlled to flow into an energy release turbine and a cold source using device in sequence, the energy release turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine provides a cold source for the cold source using device;
and controlling water in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into a water turbine and a water source, and enabling the water turbine to drive a second generator to generate electricity.
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| WO2024178347A1 (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-08-29 | Innovator Energy Llc | Fluid displacement energy storage systems and processes to enable pressure equilibrized subsea tank |
| CN117365813A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-09 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic compressed air energy storage system of urban heat supply pipeline system |
| CN117346577B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-07-18 | 百穰新能源科技(深圳)有限公司 | Water storage and heat release system and pressure stabilizing device and pressure stabilizing method thereof |
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