CN114458241A - Optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of underground tool micro liquid station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of a downhole tool micro liquid station. The system includes an uphole control unit, a downhole control unit and a downhole micro-liquid station; the uphole control unit communicates with the downhole control unit through an optical fiber connection; the uphole control unit sends a control command to the downhole control unit through an optical fiber, and the downhole control unit uses the optical fiber. High temperature resistant component structure, autonomously processes the collected pressure data in the downhole, and actively controls the downhole micro-fluid station in situ according to the pressure data; the downhole micro-fluid station is hydraulically driven to control the action of the downhole tool, and the distance between the two is only a few meters; the downhole control unit The collected data can be sent to the uphole control unit for display and storage; when the system is unexpectedly powered off, the capacitor backup power supply will supply power to the system for a short time, and the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and shut down; when an emergency occurs, the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and shut down. The invention realizes real-time control of downhole tools and improves the safety of oil and gas production.

Description

Optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system for downhole tool micro liquid station

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of downhole production equipment, in particular to an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of a micro liquid station of downhole tools.

Background technique

my country is a country rich in offshore oil and gas resources. Under the conditions of slow growth in onshore oil and gas production and restrictions on overseas oil and gas introduction, vigorously developing offshore oil and gas is of great significance to ensure national energy security. With the rapid development of offshore oil and gas exploration and exploitation business, the risk of marine environmental pollution caused by offshore oil and gas leakage has become increasingly severe. Well blowouts, platform fire accidents and submarine pipeline leakage are the main accident sources of offshore oil and gas leakage. Downhole tools are installed in oil and gas wells. When abnormal situations such as fire alarms, pipeline ruptures, and irresistible natural disasters occur in production facilities, the downhole tools quickly stop working and shut down in an emergency, which can effectively control oil and gas leakage and prevent marine environmental pollution and other accidents. Losses further expanded to ensure production safety.

At present, the general principle of uphole control of downhole tool operation is: the downhole tool is lowered into the wellbore, the uphole hydraulic control system is used to control the pressure of the uphole liquid station, the pressure is uploaded from the well to the piston cylinder of the downhole tool through the hydraulic control line, and the downhole tool is started. , push the piston down to the desired position and compress the spring. Keep the control line pressure, the downhole tool is in normal working state, release the control line pressure, the spring force pushes the piston up, and the downhole tool closes. The downhole tool remotely controlled by the uphole hydraulic control system is connected by a long-distance control pipeline to the uphole fluid station and the downhole tool to realize pressure transmission, and the action of the downhole tool is obviously delayed, especially in the event of an emergency, the downhole tool cannot be quickly shut down to prevent oil and gas leaks, and as well depth increases, there will be longer delays in response, resulting in greater losses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system for downhole tool micro-fluid station, the invention solves the control delay problem caused by long-distance hydraulic control pipeline, emergency When it occurs, the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and shut down, significantly improving the safety of oil and gas production.

For solving the above problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

An optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system for a downhole tool micro-fluid station, the system includes an uphole control unit, a downhole control unit and a downhole micro-fluid station, the uphole control unit communicates with the downhole control unit through an optical fiber connection, and the The uphole control unit sends control instructions to the downhole control unit through the optical fiber, and the downhole control unit controls the downhole micro liquid station in situ. The downhole micro-fluid station hydraulically drives and controls down-hole tools connected by hydraulic pipelines, and the down-hole control unit also sends the collected data to the up-hole control unit for display and storage.

Optionally, the uphole control unit includes a host computer and a control box, a control button and a communication interface are arranged on the panel of the control box, and an I/O module, an uphole fiber optic transceiver, an uphole switch power supply and a communication interface are arranged in the control box. Uphole filter, the host computer is connected to the uphole fiber optic transceiver through the communication interface, and can send downhole tool action instructions to the downhole and receive downhole status information, and the I/O module is connected to the control button on the control box panel to operate the The command is sent to the host computer through the communication interface, and the uphole switching power supply supplies power to the I/O module and the uphole fiber optic transceiver after passing through the uphole filter, so as to reduce the interference of the high frequency noise in the uphole power supply to the monitoring signal of the downhole tool.

Optionally, the front panel of the control box is provided with a main power knob, a system start/stop knob, a manual pressurization button, an automatic pressurization button, a pressure relief button, an emergency stop button, a pressure maintaining indicator light, and a high pressure indicator light. , Low pressure indicator light, supplementary pressure indicator light, power supply temperature high indicator light, driver high temperature indicator light, each indicator light is automatically controlled by the host computer according to the acquired downhole pressure and temperature data.

Optionally, the host computer is installed with a downhole tool control program, and the functions of the downhole tool control program include the control parameter setting of the downhole tool, the system start button, the downhole tool start button, the downhole tool shutdown button, the control mode selection, the downhole tool Display of tool pressure, downhole ambient temperature, automatic saving of temperature and pressure data.

Optionally, the action of the downhole tool can be controlled by the buttons on the host computer interface, or by the buttons on the control box panel, the system start button on the control box panel is used for power-on control of the system, and the downhole tool start button is used to start Downhole tools, the downhole tool shutdown button is used to control the shutdown of the downhole tool, and the emergency stop button is used to power off the system in an emergency and shut down the downhole tool.

Optionally, the downhole control unit includes a downhole fiber optic transceiver, a control card, a motor temperature sensor, a downhole switching power supply, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a driver, a driver temperature sensor, and a downhole filter. The downhole optical fiber transceiver is connected to the uphole optical fiber transceiver through the optical fiber, so as to realize the communication between the uphole and the downhole.

Optionally, the motor temperature sensor is arranged above the downhole switching power supply to detect the surface temperature of the downhole switching power supply, and the driver temperature sensor is arranged above the driver to detect the temperature of the driver.

Optionally, the downhole control unit further includes a capacitor backup power supply, the capacitor backup power supply includes a super capacitor, a first relay and a second relay, the first relay is a normally open contact relay, and the second relay is Normally closed contact relay, when the power is cut off unexpectedly, the super capacitor can temporarily supply power to the pressure relief solenoid valve of the downhole micro-liquid station that controls the shutdown of the downhole tool, so that the downhole tool is depressurized and closed. The second relay is powered by the downhole switching power supply. The charging terminal of the supercapacitor is connected to the downhole switching power supply through the normally open contact of the first relay, and the discharge terminal of the supercapacitor is connected to the downhole micro fluid through the normally closed contact of the second relay. The solenoid valve of the station is connected.

Optionally, the power cables and communication optical fibers of the downhole control unit need to be led out from a closed outer cavity, and the outside of the closed cavity is a high-pressure liquid. To prevent leakage, the led cables and optical fibers must be sealed.

Optionally, the downhole micro-liquid station includes a hydraulic pipeline, a fuel tank, a pump, a motor, a check valve, an overflow valve, a solenoid valve, and a pressure sensor, the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the downhole tool, and the pressure sensor obtains oil in real time. When the pressure is lower than the set pressure value, under the control of the downhole control unit, the solenoid valve is closed, the pump and motor are started, and the pressure oil in the oil tank drives the downhole tool through the check valve, and when the pressure is higher than the set pressure , the pump and the motor are stopped, the downhole tool keeps working, and the solenoid valve controls the pressure relief of the downhole tool under the control of the downhole control unit.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station of the present invention are:

1. The uphole control unit communicates with the downhole control unit through optical fiber, which can reliably and quickly send downhole tool startup and shutdown commands to the downhole, quickly control the action of the downhole tool, and solve the control delay problem caused by long-distance hydraulic control pipelines. When an emergency occurs, the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and shut down, which significantly improves the safety of oil and gas production;

2. The downhole control unit controls the pump and solenoid valve of the downhole micro-fluid station according to the received control instructions, so that the downhole tool performs corresponding actions. The downhole control unit collects the pressure and temperature data of the downhole tool through the pressure sensor, and processes the obtained data in the downhole. Data, automatically control the working pressure of downhole tools, so that the downhole tools can maintain a stable working state;

3. The downhole control unit simultaneously sends the collected pressure and temperature data to the uphole control unit through the communication interface. The uphole control unit processes and saves the downhole pressure and temperature data in real time, and displays it visually through numerical values, curves, etc., which is convenient for analyzing the performance of downhole tools. Work performance, observe the operating status;

4. In addition, in the event of an unexpected power failure, the capacitor backup power supply can supply power for a short period of time, so that the downhole tools can be quickly relieved of pressure, which further improves the safety of oil and gas production.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the control principle diagram of the optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is an internal diagram of an uphole control box of an optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of a downhole tool micro-fluid station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front panel diagram of the uphole control box of the optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-fluid station provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a rear panel diagram of an uphole control box of an optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system for a downhole tool micro-fluid station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is an installation layout diagram of the downhole control unit of the optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-fluid station provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the hydraulic principle diagram of the downhole micro liquid station provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a working principle diagram of an underground backup power supply provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides an in-situ control system for a downhole micro-fluid station in an optical fiber communication mode for driving downhole tools in a high temperature environment. Specifically, FIG. 1 is a high-temperature-resistant in-situ optical fiber communication for the downhole micro-fluid station provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The control principle diagram of the control system, as shown in FIG. 1 , the in-situ control system of the downhole micro-fluid station includes an up-hole control unit 1 , a down-hole control unit 2 and a down-hole micro-fluid station 3 . The uphole control unit 1 includes a control box 100 and a host computer 101. As shown in FIG. 2, the control box 100 is provided with an uphole fiber optic transceiver 102, an IO module 103, a branch terminal 105, a switch 106, and an uphole switching power supply. 107 , uphole filter 108 , circuit breaker 109 .

The downhole control unit 2 obtains the oil circuit pressure of the downhole micro-liquid station 3 through the pressure sensor 303, and controls the pump 304, the motor 305, and the solenoid valve 302 of the micro-liquid station 3 in real time on the downhole site, so that the downhole tools driven by the micro-liquid station 3 are realized. 4 automatically remains on. The downhole control unit 2 and the downhole micro-fluid station 3 are arranged in the closed cylindrical cavity, and the high pressure downhole liquid is outside the closed cylindrical cavity. The uphole control unit 1 and the downhole control unit 2 are connected and communicated through an optical fiber 104. The optical fiber communication has the characteristics of strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high communication rate, wide transmission frequency bandwidth, and large communication capacity, and can obtain a large amount of operating status data of the downhole equipment in real time. , in the event of an emergency, the operation instructions on the well can be instantly transmitted to the downhole, so that the downhole tool 4 can be quickly depressurized and closed, so as to ensure the safety of the oil well.

As shown in FIG. 3, the front panel of the control box 100 is provided with a main power knob 114, a system start/stop knob 115, a manual pressurization button 116, an automatic pressurization button 117, a pressure relief button 118, an emergency stop button 119, Holding pressure indicator 120, high pressure indicator 121, low pressure indicator 122, supplementary pressure indicator 123, power supply temperature high indicator 124, driver temperature high indicator 125, each indicator is determined by the host computer 101 according to the downhole pressure obtained , temperature data automatic control.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the rear panel of the control box 100 is provided with an RJ45 interface 110 , an optical fiber interface 111 , a control box power supply aviation plug 112 and an underground power supply aviation plug 113 . The host computer 101 is connected to the switch 106 through the RJ45 interface 110, and the switch 106 is connected to the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102 and the I/O module 103 arranged inside the control box. The uphole optical fiber transceiver 102 is connected to the downhole optical fiber transceiver 213 through the optical fiber interface 111 and the optical fiber 104 . The I/O module 103 is connected to the control button on the panel of the control box, and the panel operation command is sent to the upper computer 101 through the communication port of the I/O module 103 through the switch 106, and the upper computer 101 will receive the panel operation command or the upper computer. The control program operation command of 101 is sent to the downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 through the switch 106, the uphole fiber optic transceiver 102 and the fiber 104, so as to operate the downhole tool 4, and simultaneously receives the pressure sensor 303, the motor temperature sensor 201 and the driver temperature sensor 209. data to monitor the operation status of downhole equipment.

The external power supply is connected to the branch terminal 105 through the control box power aviation plug 112, circuit breaker 109, uphole switching power supply 107, and uphole filter 108 in turn. The branch terminal 105 is connected to other devices in the control box and provides working power. In addition, the external power supply supplies power to the downhole equipment through the control box power supply aviation plug 112, the circuit breaker 109, the uphole filter 108, the underground power supply aviation plug 113, the power cord 126 and the underground switching power supply 202 in sequence.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the downhole control unit 2 includes a motor temperature sensor 201, a downhole switching power supply 202, a first relay 203, a second relay 204, a third relay 205, a fourth relay 206, a control card 207, a driver 208, The driver temperature sensor 209 , the downhole filter 210 , the branch terminal 211 , the downhole fiber optic transceiver 212 , the super capacitor 213 , the mounting plate 214 and the mounting plate 216 , and the oil pipeline passes through the middle oil pipeline installation hole 215 . The motor temperature sensor 201, the downhole switching power supply 202, the first relay 203, the second relay 204, the third relay 205, the fourth relay 206, the control card 207, the driver 208, and the driver temperature sensor 209 are sequentially arranged on the installation board from top to bottom 214 on the mounting surface 217 ; the downhole filter 210 , the branch terminal 211 , the downhole fiber optic transceiver 212 , and the capacitor 213 are sequentially arranged on the mounting surface 218 of the mounting plate 214 from top to bottom. The motor temperature sensor 201 is arranged above the downhole switching power supply 202 to detect the surface temperature of the downhole switching power supply 202 , and the driver temperature sensor 209 is arranged above the driver 208 to detect the temperature of the driver 208 . The downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 is connected to the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102 through the optical fiber 104, so as to realize the communication between the uphole and the downhole.

The uphole external power supply is connected to the downhole switching power supply 202 through the power line 126, and the downhole switching power supply 202 is connected to the motor temperature sensor 201, the driver temperature sensor 209, the pressure sensor 303, and the control card 207 through the downhole filter 210 to provide working power for it. The other components of the downhole control unit 2 are powered by the downhole switching power supply 202 through the branch terminal 211 . The downhole filter 210 can reduce the interference to the sensor and the control card caused by the high-frequency noise of the motor 208, the solenoid valve 301 and other loads during operation, and improve the accuracy of collecting temperature and pressure data and the reliability of the control system. The switching power supply 202 is close to the mounting surface 217 of the mounting platform 214 to facilitate heat dissipation by conduction.

The control card 207 includes a microcontroller MCU, a timer, a serial port UART, a general-purpose IO, a digital-to-analog conversion ADC, and the like. The general IO digital output channel DO1 of the control card 207 is connected to the third relay 205 to control the solenoid valve 302 of the micro liquid station 3; the digital-to-analog conversion channel ADC_Ch1 of the control card 207 is connected to the motor temperature sensor 201, ADC_Ch2 is connected to the driver temperature sensor 209, and ADC_Ch3 is connected to the pressure The sensor 303; the timer channel TIM of the control card 207 is connected to the speed regulation control signal terminal of the driver 208, and the DO2 of the general IO is connected to the enable signal terminal of the driver 208 to realize the motion control of the motor. The timer channel TIM can automatically control the speed of the pump 304 and the motor 305, and set different rotational speeds of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to the different stages of pressurization to ensure the smoothness of the pressurization process; the DO2 of the general IO enables the control of the motor 305 , control the start and stop of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to the pressure data obtained by the pressure sensor 303; when the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is lower than the set pressure, the MCU sends out the start command of the pump 304 and the motor 305, and the contact of the fourth relay 206 is closed, The pump 304 and the motor 305 are enabled to start and automatically pressurize; when the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is higher than the set pressure, the MCU sends the pump 304 and the motor 305 stop command, the contact of the fourth relay 206 is disconnected, and the pump 304 and the motor 305 enable It can be closed, the pressurization is stopped, and the downhole tool 4 remains on. The control card 207 is connected to the downhole fiber optic transceiver 212 through the UART serial port of the MCU to realize the transmission of data and control commands.

The circuit board of the control card 207 is made of high-temperature resistant polyimide material, and other supporting components on the circuit board, such as memory, clock, power supply and passive devices, are all devices that support high working temperature, and can be used under high temperature. Works reliably.

The upper computer 101 is provided with a software control system for the downhole tool 4, and the functions of the software control system include the control parameter setting of the downhole tool 4, the system start/stop button, the downhole tool 4 start button, the downhole tool 4 stop button, Manual and automatic control mode selection, pressure of downhole tool 4, display of downhole ambient temperature, and automatic storage of temperature and pressure data. The control parameter setting includes the setting of the pressure holding range of the downhole tool 4, and this parameter is stored in the control card 207 of the downhole control unit 2. Under the control of the control card 207, when the pressure holding range is higher than the downhole tool 4, the downhole tool 4 automatically stops pressurizing , when the pressure is lower than the holding pressure range, the downhole tool 4 is automatically pressurized. The downhole tool 4 start button is used to start the downhole tool 4. After pressing the downhole tool start button on the operation interface of the upper computer 101 software control system, the upper computer 101 sends the start instruction to the downhole through the uphole fiber optic transceiver 102, and the downhole The fiber optic transceiver 212 receives and transmits to the downhole control card 207 , controls the fourth relay 206 , the driver 208 , the pump 304 and the motor 305 to start the downhole tool 4 . The downhole tool 4 shutdown button is used to control the downhole tool 4 to shut down. After pressing the downhole tool shutdown button, the host computer 101 transmits the shutdown command to the downhole control card 207 through the optical fiber transceiver 102 to control the third relay 205 and the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 , so that the downhole tool 4 is closed. The display modes of the pressure of the downhole tool 4 and the downhole ambient temperature include numerical display, curve graphic display and indicator light display. The software control system of the host computer 101 automatically controls the start and stop of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to the pressure data obtained by the pressure sensor 303, so that the downhole tool 4 is kept in an open state; The pump 304 and the motor 305 can be controlled to start the pump 304 and the motor 305 by selecting a manual mode on the interface of the host computer, so as to increase the pressure of the downhole tool 4 . The host computer 101 is connected to the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102 through the RJ45 communication interface 110 and the switch 106, and can send the operation instructions of the software control system of the host computer 101 to the downhole, and receive the status information of the downhole equipment.

The downhole tool 4 can be controlled by operating buttons of the software control system of the upper computer 101 , or can be operated on the front panel of the control box 100 . The system start/stop knob 115 is used for system start and stop control. When it is in the start position, the control system starts to work. At this time, the upper computer 101 receives the downhole temperature and pressure data, and displays two kinds of graphics and numerical values on the software control system interface. The automatic operation button 117 is used to start the downhole tool 4. After pressing the automatic operation button 117, the start command of the downhole tool 4 is transmitted to the upper computer 101 through the I/O module 103, and the upper computer 101 passes the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102. It is sent to the downhole, received by the downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 and transmitted to the downhole control card 207. The control card 207 judges whether to start the downhole tool 4 according to the downhole pressure data. When the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is lower than the set pressure, the fourth relay 206 coil Power on, the contacts are turned on, the driver 208 is enabled, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are started, and the downhole tool 4 is turned on; after the pressure relief button 118 is pressed, the downhole tool 4 shutdown command is transmitted to the upper computer 101 through the I/O module 103 , the host computer 101 communicates with the downhole control card 207 through the uphole fiber optic transceiver 102, and controls the relay 205 and the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 to turn off the downhole tool 4; the emergency stop button 119 is used to power off the system in an emergency and shut down the downhole tool 4. When the automatic operation fails to open the downhole tool 4 normally, the manual operation button 116 can be used to control the opening of the downhole tool 4 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the downhole micro-fluid station 3 includes a hydraulic pipeline 301 , a solenoid valve 302 , a pressure sensor 303 , a pump 304 , a motor 305 , a fuel tank 306 , a relief valve 307 , and a one-way valve 308 . The hydraulic pipeline 301 is connected to the downhole tool 4 to provide working pressure for the downhole tool 4; the solenoid valve 302 controls the pressure relief of the downhole tool 4 under the control of the downhole control unit 2; the pressure sensor 303 obtains the oil circuit pressure of the downhole tool 4, and the downhole The control unit 2 automatically controls the pressurization process after processing.

The downhole control unit 2 and the downhole micro-liquid station 3 are arranged in the closed cylindrical cavity, and the high pressure downhole liquid is outside the closed cylindrical cavity. The power line 126, the optical fiber 104 and the hydraulic pipeline 301 of the downhole control unit 2 need to be led out from the closed cylindrical cavity. Line 301 must be sealed. The processing method is as follows: two hydraulic pipe joints are arranged on the upper end face of the closed cylindrical cavity, the power line 126 and the optical fiber 104 in the cylindrical cavity are passed through one of the hydraulic pipe joints, and then connected by the hydraulic hard pipe line outside the cylindrical cavity. The hydraulic pipe joint of the external power line 126 and the optical fiber 104; the hydraulic line 301 is connected to the hydraulic pipe joint of the downhole tool 4 through another hydraulic pipe joint.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the capacitor backup power supply 200 includes a super capacitor 213 , a first relay 203 and a second relay 204 , wherein the first relay 203 is a normally open contact relay, and the second relay 204 is a normally closed contact relay. In the event of an unexpected power failure, the supercapacitor 213 can briefly supply power to the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 that controls the downhole tool 4 to close, so that the downhole tool 4 is depressurized and closed. The power supply time is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor. The first relay 203 and the second relay 204 are powered by the downhole switching power supply 202. The charging terminal of the supercapacitor 213 is connected to the downhole switching power supply 202 through the normally open contact of the first relay 203, and the discharging terminal of the supercapacitor 213 is connected to the downhole switching power supply 202 through the normally open contact of the first relay 203. The normally closed contact of the second relay 204 is connected to the solenoid valve 302 . During normal power supply, the coil of the first relay 203 remains powered on, the normally open contact of the first relay 203 is closed, and the supercapacitor 213 is quickly fully charged and maintains this state. At the same time, the coil of the second relay 204 remains powered on, the normally closed contact of the second relay 204 is disconnected, the supercapacitor 213 is connected to the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 through the normally closed contact of the second relay 204, and the supercapacitor 213 does not leak Pressure solenoid valve 302 is powered. When the normal power supply is interrupted, the coils of the first relay 203 and the second relay 204 are de-energized, the normally open contact of the first relay 203 is disconnected, the normally closed contact of the second relay 204 is closed, and the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 is controlled by a super capacitor. 213 is powered, the solenoid valve 302 is opened, the oil circuit is depressurized, and the downhole tool 4 is automatically reset and closed.

The working process of the downhole micro liquid station 3 is as follows: the pressure sensor 303 acquires the pressure of the oil circuit in real time, when the pressure is lower than the set pressure value, under the control of the downhole control unit 2, the solenoid valve 302 is closed, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are started, The pressure oil in the oil tank 306 drives the downhole tool 4 through the one-way valve 308. When the pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pump 304 and the motor 305 stop, and the downhole tool 4 keeps working. Press the pressure relief button 118 at the end of the work, or press the emergency stop button 119 in an emergency, the solenoid valve 302 can be quickly opened, and the downhole tool 4 is depressurized and reset.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station of the present invention are:

1. The uphole control unit communicates with the downhole control unit through optical fiber, which can reliably and quickly send downhole tool startup and shutdown commands to the downhole, quickly control the action of the downhole tool, and solve the control delay problem caused by long-distance hydraulic control pipelines. When an emergency occurs, the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and shut down, which significantly improves the safety of oil and gas production;

2. The downhole control unit controls the pump and solenoid valve of the downhole micro-fluid station according to the received control instructions, so that the downhole tool performs corresponding actions. The downhole control unit collects the pressure and temperature data of the downhole tool through the pressure sensor, and processes the obtained data in the downhole. Data, automatically control the working pressure of downhole tools, so that the downhole tools can maintain a stable working state;

3. The downhole control unit simultaneously sends the collected pressure and temperature data to the uphole control unit through the communication interface. The uphole control unit processes and saves the downhole pressure and temperature data in real time, and displays it visually through numerical values, curves, etc., which is convenient for analyzing the performance of downhole tools. Work performance, observe the operating status;

4. In addition, in the event of an unexpected power failure, the capacitor backup power supply can supply power for a short period of time, so that the downhole tools can be quickly relieved of pressure, which further improves the safety of oil and gas production.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily, provided that there is no conflict.

Claims (10)

1. an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of a downhole tool miniature liquid station, characterized in that the system comprises an uphole control unit, a downhole control unit and a downhole miniature liquid station, and the uphole control unit and the downhole control unit pass through Optical fiber connection communication, the uphole control unit sends control instructions to the downhole control unit through the optical fiber, the downhole control unit controls the downhole micro-liquid station in situ, and the downhole control unit can autonomously process the collected downhole pressure data, according to the acquired pressure The data in-situ actively controls the downhole micro liquid station, the downhole micro liquid station hydraulically drives and controls downhole tools connected by hydraulic pipelines, and the downhole control unit also sends the collected data to the uphole control unit for display and storage. 2 . The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 1 , wherein the uphole control unit comprises a host computer and a control box, and a control box is provided on the panel of the control box. 3 . button and communication interface, the control box is provided with an I/O module, an uphole optical fiber transceiver, an uphole switching power supply and an uphole filter, the upper computer is connected to the uphole optical fiber transceiver through the communication interface, and can send downhole tool action instructions downhole, And receive the downhole status information, the I/O module is connected to the control button on the control box panel, and sends the operation command to the upper computer through the communication interface, the uphole switching power supply is sent to the I/O module and the uphole after passing through the uphole filter. The fiber optic transceiver is used to supply power to reduce the interference of high-frequency noise in the uphole power supply to the monitoring signal of the downhole tool. 3. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 2, wherein the front panel of the control box is provided with a main power knob, a system start/stop knob, a manual pressurization Button, automatic pressurization button, pressure relief button, emergency stop button, pressure holding indicator light, pressure high indicator light, low pressure indicator light, supplementary pressure indicator light, power supply temperature high indicator light, drive temperature high indicator light, each indicator light It is automatically controlled by the host computer according to the acquired downhole pressure and temperature data. 4. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 2, wherein the host computer is installed with a downhole tool control program, and the function of the downhole tool control program includes the downhole tool Control parameter settings, system start button, downhole tool start button, downhole tool close button, control mode selection, downhole tool pressure, display of downhole ambient temperature, automatic storage of temperature and pressure data. 5. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 4, wherein the action of the downhole tool can be controlled by the buttons on the interface of the host computer, or by the buttons on the control box panel , The system start button on the control box panel is used for power-on control of the system, the downhole tool start button is used to turn on the downhole tool, the downhole tool close button is used to control the downhole tool shut down, and the emergency stop button is used to power off the system in an emergency. And shut down the downhole tool. 6. The optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 1, wherein the downhole control unit comprises a downhole optical fiber transceiver, a control card, a motor temperature sensor, a downhole switching power supply, The first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, the driver, the driver temperature sensor and the downhole filter can all work reliably at high temperatures. Communication with downhole. 7. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-fluid station according to claim 6, wherein the motor temperature sensor is arranged above the downhole switching power supply for detecting the surface temperature of the downhole switching power supply, The driver temperature sensor is arranged above the driver for detecting the temperature of the driver. 8. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-fluid station according to claim 6, wherein the downhole control unit further comprises a capacitor backup power supply, and the capacitor backup power supply comprises a super capacitor, a first A relay and a second relay, the first relay is a normally open contact relay, the second relay is a normally closed contact relay, and in the event of an accidental power failure, the supercapacitor can be a downhole miniature relay that controls the shutdown of the downhole tool. The pressure relief solenoid valve of the liquid station is powered for a short time, so that the downhole tool is depressurized and closed. The first relay and the second relay are provided with working power by the downhole switching power supply, and the charging terminal of the super capacitor is connected to the normally open contact of the first relay. The underground switch power supply is connected, and the discharge terminal of the super capacitor is connected with the solenoid valve of the underground micro liquid station through the normally closed contact of the second relay. 9. The optical fiber communication high temperature in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro liquid station according to claim 6, wherein the power cable and the communication optical fiber of the downhole control unit need to be drawn out from the closed outer cavity, The outside of the airtight cavity is a high-pressure liquid. In order to prevent leakage, the cables and optical fibers drawn out must be sealed. 10. The optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-fluid station according to claim 1, wherein the downhole micro-fluid station comprises a hydraulic pipeline, a fuel tank, a pump, a motor, a one-way valve, an overflow Valve, solenoid valve, pressure sensor, the hydraulic pipeline is connected with the downhole tool, the pressure sensor obtains the pressure of the oil circuit in real time, when the pressure is lower than the set pressure value, under the control of the downhole control unit, the solenoid valve is closed, and the pump and the motor starts, the pressure oil in the oil tank drives the downhole tool through the check valve, when the pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pump and motor stop, the downhole tool keeps working, the solenoid valve controls the downhole under the control of the downhole control unit Depressurization of the tool.

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