CN114440115B

CN114440115B - Cryogenic storage tank

Info

Publication number: CN114440115B
Application number: CN202011211781.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤培峰; 刘根仓; 冯俊爽; 余永光; 代东亮; 钱季春; 张敏华; 卢迪; 王礼远; 范雨航; 赵振宇
Original assignee: Zhangjiagang CIMC Sanctum Cryogenic Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhangjiagang CIMC Sanctum Cryogenic Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-03
Filing date: 2020-11-03
Publication date: 2025-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-03
Also published as: CN114440115A

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-temperature storage tank, comprising: an outer shell, which is placed vertically and is hollow inside; a delivery pipe, which is used to deliver a first low-temperature medium; the delivery pipe extends along the axial direction of the outer shell, is fixedly penetrated through the top of the outer shell and extends into the inner part of the outer shell; a lower gallbladder body, which has a hollow inner cavity for storing the first low-temperature medium, is located inside the outer shell, is fixedly connected to the delivery pipe and communicates with the delivery pipe; an upper gallbladder body is located above the lower gallbladder body at intervals, is sleeved on the delivery pipe and is heat-conductingly connected to the delivery pipe, and the upper gallbladder body is formed with a gallbladder cavity for storing a second low-temperature medium; the boiling point temperature of the second low-temperature medium is not higher than the boiling point temperature of the first low-temperature medium. The upper gallbladder body is closer to the outer side of the outer shell than the lower gallbladder body. The heat outside the storage tank will first be transferred to the upper gallbladder body through the delivery pipe, and the low temperature of the second low-temperature medium inside it will absorb part of the heat, thereby reducing the heat transferred to the lower gallbladder body and increasing the effective storage time of the first low-temperature medium.

Description

Low-temperature storage tank

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of low-temperature liquid containers, in particular to a low-temperature storage tank.

Background

At present, the demands of the market for low-temperature containers for containing low-temperature media such as liquid hydrogen and the like are increasing, and the manufacturing and the use of the ultrahigh vacuum multi-layer heat-insulating low-temperature container are still in the research and development design stage of most enterprises.

The structural design of the miniaturized container for liquid hydrogen is particularly difficult, and how to reduce the heat leakage of the miniaturized container for maintaining the state of the liquid hydrogen is a pain point to be solved. In particular, at present, the liquid hydrogen container generally comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder positioned in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is fixedly arranged in the outer cylinder through supporting structures at two ends, and the supporting structures are generally made of metal structures, and are limited by the distance between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and are short in length, so that external heat is easily conducted into the inner cylinder through the supporting structures, and a low-temperature medium is easily evaporated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-temperature storage tank, which solves the problems that a supporting structure in a low-temperature container leaks heat, a medium is not easy to store and the like in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

The low-temperature storage tank comprises a shell, a conveying pipe, a lower container body, an upper container body and a lower container body, wherein the shell is vertically arranged and hollow, the conveying pipe is used for conveying a first low-temperature medium, the conveying pipe extends along the axis direction of the shell and fixedly penetrates through the top of the shell and stretches into the shell, the lower container body is provided with a hollow inner cavity for storing the first low-temperature medium, is positioned in the shell and fixedly connected with the conveying pipe and communicated with the conveying pipe, the upper container body is arranged above the lower container body at intervals, is sleeved on the conveying pipe and is in heat conduction connection with the conveying pipe, a container cavity for storing a second low-temperature medium is formed in the upper container body, and the boiling point temperature of the second low-temperature medium is not higher than that of the first low-temperature medium.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper liner body comprises a liner shell and a neck pipe penetrating through the liner shell, the liner cavity is formed between the liner shell and the neck pipe, and the neck pipe is detachably sleeved on the conveying pipe and fixedly connected with the conveying pipe.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the neck pipe is fixedly connected with the pipe wall of the conveying pipe, the lower end of the neck pipe is a free end, and the free end of the neck pipe can move along the axial direction of the conveying pipe when the upper container body contracts when being cooled.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the periphery of the upper end of the neck pipe is folded inwards to form a hook part, the opening of the hook part faces downwards, a clamping protrusion is arranged on the peripheral wall of the conveying pipe in a protruding mode along the circumferential direction, the clamping protrusion is folded upwards to extend to form a clamping groove with the outer wall of the conveying pipe, and the clamping groove is used for the hook part to extend in, so that the neck pipe can be hung on the conveying pipe through the hook part.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the neck pipe comprises a pipe body, an inclined pipe section and a bent pipe section, wherein the inclined pipe section and the bent pipe section are bent and extended upwards from the upper end of the pipe body in sequence, the inclined pipe section gradually deviates from the axis of the pipe body outwards in a bottom-to-top direction, the bent pipe section further extends upwards from the upper end of the inclined pipe section, and the tail end of the bent pipe section is bent towards the inner side of the inclined pipe section to form the hook part.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the wall thickness of the inclined tube section is greater than the wall thickness of the tube body.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the cryogenic tank further comprises a conductive member made of a thermally conductive material, which is sandwiched between the delivery tube and the neck tube.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the conducting piece comprises a heat conducting cylinder and a plurality of fins protruding from the periphery of the heat conducting cylinder and circumferentially spaced, the heat conducting cylinder is sleeved on the periphery of the conveying pipe, and the fins elastically abut against and support the inner wall of the neck pipe.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fin is a sheet structure extending along the axial direction of the conductive member, and an end of the fin away from the heat conductive tube is bent.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the liner shell is spherical, and the axial direction of the neck pipe is consistent with the radial direction of the liner shell.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom support is positioned at the bottom of the lower liner body, and two ends of the bottom support are respectively and correspondingly connected and fixed with the outer bottom wall of the lower liner body and the inner wall of the shell.

According to the technical scheme, the low-temperature storage tank provided by the invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

The conveying pipe stretches into the shell and is fixedly connected with the top of the shell, and the conveying pipe is used as a supporting structure for bearing the weight of the lower liner body and the upper liner body. The first low-temperature medium to be stored is mainly stored by the lower container body, and the second low-temperature medium is sealed by the upper container body. Wherein the boiling point temperature of the second cryogenic medium is not higher than the boiling point temperature of the first cryogenic medium. And the upper liner body is closer to the outer side of the shell than the lower liner body. Based on the principle of heat conduction, heat outside the storage tank can be firstly conducted to the upper container body through the conveying pipe, and the heat conducted to the lower container body is reduced by the low-temperature absorption part of the heat of the second low-temperature medium in the upper container body, so that the evaporation of the first low-temperature medium is reduced, and the effective storage time of the first low-temperature medium is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a cryogenic tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper liner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower liner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at B of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a conductive member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

1-shell, 10-cylinder, 11-top end socket, 12-bottom end socket,

2-Conveying pipe, 21-clamping protrusion,

3-A lower liner body,

4-Upper liner body, 41-liner shell, 43-neck pipe, 431-pipe body, 432-inclined pipe section, 433-bent pipe section, 45-hook part,

5-Conducting piece, 51-heat conduction cylinder, 52-fin,

6-Bottom support.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It will be understood that the invention is capable of various modifications in various embodiments, all without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and illustrations herein are intended to be by way of illustration only and not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The embodiment provides a low-temperature storage tank, which is mainly used for storing low-temperature media such as liquid hydrogen and the like.

The low-temperature storage tank is a vertical storage tank and comprises a conveying pipe extending into the tank, an upper liner body and a lower liner body which are arranged in the tank. Wherein, the upper liner body and the lower liner body are supported by the conveying pipe and are arranged at intervals up and down. The lower container body is communicated with the conveying pipe to store a first low-temperature medium (liquid hydrogen), the upper container body is sleeved on the conveying pipe and is in heat conduction connection with the conveying pipe, and the upper container body is formed with a container cavity for storing a second low-temperature medium. The boiling point temperature of the second cryogenic medium is not higher than the boiling point temperature of the first cryogenic medium. Therefore, the heat outside the storage tank can be firstly conducted to the upper liner body through the conveying pipe, and the heat of the low-temperature absorption part of the second low-temperature medium in the upper liner body reduces the heat leakage caused by the fact that the conveying pipe is used as a supporting structure, reduces the evaporation of the first low-temperature medium, and improves the effective storage time of the first low-temperature medium.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a specific structure of a cryogenic tank according to this embodiment, which mainly includes a housing 1, a conveying pipe 2 penetrating through the housing 1, and a lower liner 3 and an upper liner 4 that are disposed in the housing 1.

The shell 1 is placed vertically, the inside of the shell is hollow, and vacuum can be pumped out to form an ultrahigh vacuum low-temperature container. The shell 1 comprises a cylinder 10, and a top seal head 11 and a bottom seal head 12 which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder 10.

The conveying pipe 2 extends along the axial direction of the shell 1, fixedly penetrates through the top sealing head 11 of the shell 1 and stretches into the shell 1.

The delivery pipe 2 is exposed to one end of the housing 1 for connection with an external storage tank, and the inner end thereof is communicated with the lower container body 3 for delivering a first cryogenic medium to be stored, such as liquid hydrogen or the like, into the lower container body 3.

The conveying pipe 2 is fixed by welding with the top sealing head 11 and keeps a vertical state, and is a main supporting structure for supporting the lower liner body 3 and the upper liner body 4.

The lower liner body 3 is a hollow spherical shell. The lower container body 3 is positioned at the lower end of the inner part of the shell 1, and the top of the lower container body 3 is welded and fixed with the conveying pipe 2 and communicated with the conveying pipe 2 so as to receive and store a first low-temperature medium.

The upper liner body 4 is arranged above the lower liner body 3 at intervals, sleeved on the conveying pipe 2 and connected with the conveying pipe 2 in a heat conduction way, and the upper liner body 4 is provided with a liner cavity for storing a second low-temperature medium such as liquid helium and is mainly used for absorbing external heat.

The purpose of setting up the upper container body 4 is that external heat is conducted to the lower container body 3 department of bottom through conveyer pipe 2, can let the temperature of the first low temperature medium of the spherical container of lower container body 3 increase, influences the storage of first low temperature medium in the container, so let the low temperature of the second low temperature medium of upper container body 4 absorb the temperature that external temperature conducted to lower container body 3 to promote the storage time of first low temperature medium.

And the boiling point temperature of the second low temperature medium is not higher than the boiling point temperature of the first low temperature medium.

In this example, the first cryogenic medium to be preserved is liquid hydrogen (abbreviated as LH ₂ in english) with a boiling temperature of-253 ℃. Preferably, the second cryogenic medium is liquid helium (LHe for short) having a boiling point temperature of-269 ℃ below zero, which is lower than liquid hydrogen. Thus, based on the principle of heat conduction, heat from the outside of the tank body can be transferred from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object along with the conveying pipe 2, that is, liquid helium with a lower temperature can absorb part of the heat, thereby reducing the heat transferred to liquid hydrogen, and enabling the liquid hydrogen to be kept at a low temperature for a long time.

In this embodiment, the casing 1 of the tank is made of stainless steel, specifically S30508. The upper liner body 4 and the lower liner body 3 are made of the same stainless steel material and are made of 316L material.

The upper liner body 4 includes a liner shell 41 and a neck tube 43 penetrating the liner shell 41.

The liner shell 41 is spherical, and the axial direction of the neck tube 43 is consistent with the radial direction of the liner shell 41. That is, bladder 41 and neck 43 are coaxial. A bladder cavity is formed between the bladder shell 41 and the neck tube 43, and the cross section of the bladder cavity comprises two hemispheres which are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction.

The neck tube 43 is detachably sleeved on the conveying pipe 2 and fixedly connected with the conveying pipe so as to be convenient for installation and maintenance.

Specifically, the upper end of the neck tube 43 is fixedly connected with the wall of the conveying pipe 2, and the lower end of the neck tube 43 penetrates out of the conveying pipe 2 to be a free end.

The free end of the neck 43 is axially movable along the delivery tube 2 when the upper shell 4 is contracted upon cooling.

In the use process, the conveying pipe 2 and the lower liner body 3 are both in a fixed state, and the neck pipe 43 can slide up and down axially relative to the fixed conveying pipe 2, namely, the upper liner body 4 connected with the neck pipe can be allowed to effectively shrink along the axial direction in a low-temperature state and can release stress at a low temperature.

Referring to fig. 2, the upper end periphery of the neck tube 43 is folded toward the inside of the neck tube 43 to form a hook 45 for hanging and fixing on the conveying tube 2.

The hook portion 45 has an annular structure, and the opening of the hook portion 45 faces downward, and the cross section of the opening is rectangular.

Referring to fig. 3, a locking protrusion 21 is disposed on the peripheral wall of the upper end of the conveying pipe 2, and the locking protrusion 21 is also in a ring structure. The clamping projection 21 is upwards bent and extends to form a clamping groove with an upward opening with the outer wall of the conveying pipe 2.

The catch groove is provided for the hooking portion 45 to extend in, so that the neck tube 43 can be hung on the conveying pipe 2 through the hooking portion 45.

Referring further to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.

The neck tube 43 includes a tube body 431, an inclined tube section 432 and a bent tube section 433, which are bent and extended upward from an upper end edge of the tube body 431 in order.

The inclined tube section 432 is gradually deviated radially outwardly from the axis of the tube body 431 in the downward-upward direction, and is shown as being expanded in such a manner that the inner diameter dimension of the inclined tube section 432 is larger than the diameter inner diameter dimension of the tube body 431 and gradually increases in the upward direction.

Meanwhile, the wall thickness of the inclined pipe section 432 is larger than that of the pipe body 431, so that the stress area is increased, and the inclined pipe has the advantages that the structural strength of the inclined pipe can be ensured, and the stretch-breaking caused by overlarge bearing stress of the connecting part is avoided.

The cross-sectional shape of one axial side portion of the inclined tube section 432 is in a shuttle shape, the wall thickness value at the middle portion is maximum, the wall thickness from the middle portion to the two ends is gradually reduced, and the design of the shuttle-shaped structure can improve the stress state of the structure.

The bent pipe section 433 extends further upward vertically from the upper end of the inclined pipe section 432, and the tip end of the bent pipe section 433 is bent toward the inside of the inclined pipe section 432 to form a hooking portion 45. The inside diameter dimension of the bent tube section 433 remains unchanged.

Preferably, the wall thickness of the bent tube section 433 is greater than the thickness of the tube body 431. Also, the wall thickness of the bent tube section 433 may be equal to or less than the wall thickness of the inclined tube section 432.

Further, referring to fig. 5 and 6 together, the cryogenic tank further comprises a conductive member 5.

The conductive member 5 is made of a heat conductive material, and is interposed between the delivery pipe 2 and the neck pipe 43, and is intended to sequentially transfer heat via the delivery pipe 2 from the neck pipe 43 and the liner shell 41 to the second low-temperature medium inside the liner shell 41, and to absorb most of the heat by the second low-temperature medium.

The conductive member 5 includes a heat conductive tube 51 and a plurality of fins 52 protruding from the outer periphery of the heat conductive tube 51.

The heat-conducting tube 51 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the conveying pipe 2, a plurality of fins 52 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the heat-conducting tube 51, and the fins 52 elastically abut against and support the inner wall of the neck pipe 43.

In the present embodiment, the fins 52 are sheet-like structures extending in the axial direction of the conductor 5. The lateral spacing between adjacent fins 52 is approximately equal. The end of the fin 52, which is far from the heat conduction tube 51, is bent to abut against the inner wall of the neck tube 43.

In the present embodiment, the conductive member 5 is entirely made of a heat conductive material. The heat conducting material can be a metal material such as copper, aluminum alloy and the like, or a nonmetallic material prepared by compounding other materials.

In the present embodiment, the heat conductive tube 51 is brazed integrally with the fins 52 to form the conductive member 5.

The conducting piece 5 is integrally sleeved on the conveying pipe 2 and is fixed by brazing, the elastic fins 52 are pressed into the neck pipe 43 of the upper liner body 4, the conducting piece 5 can effectively transfer heat by utilizing the characteristic that the heat conductivity of copper is improved by approximately 1000 times compared with that of stainless steel at low temperature, and the second low-temperature medium absorbing piece in the upper liner body 4 can transfer external heat from the conveying pipe 2, so that the heat conduction quantity at the joint of the conveying pipe 2 and the lower liner body 3 is reduced, and the storage time of the first low-temperature medium in the lower liner body 3 is prolonged.

Referring back to fig. 1, the cryogenic tank provided in this embodiment further comprises a bottom support 6.

The number of bottom supports 6 is plural.

The plurality of bottom supports 6 are located at the bottom of the lower bladder 3 (near the bottom head 12) and are circumferentially spaced along the outer periphery of the lower bladder 3. The bottom support piece 6 is horizontal, and two ends of the bottom support piece are respectively connected and fixed with the outer wall of the bottom of the lower liner body 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 10 of the shell 1, so that the bottom of the lower liner body 3 is fixed on the shell 1, and the lower liner body 3 is ensured to be in a stable state.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to further understand the components of the cryogenic tank provided in this embodiment, the process of installing the components will be described in detail below.

The low-temperature storage tank mainly comprises a shell 1, a conveying pipe 2, an upper liner body 4, a lower liner body 3 and a conducting piece 5. Firstly, the conducting piece 5 is sleeved and welded and fixed at the upper end of the conveying pipe 2, meanwhile, the lower liner body 3 is welded at the lower end of the conveying pipe 2, the lower liner body 3 is communicated with the conveying pipe 2, and the three are installed together to form a combined body. The combination body is penetrated out from the neck tube 43 of the upper liner body 4 from bottom to top, so that the hook part 45 on the neck tube 43 is correspondingly hung on the clamping protrusion 21 on the conveying pipe 2, and the connection and the fixation between the upper liner body 4 and the conveying pipe 2 are realized. Finally, the conveying pipe 2 extends out of the top sealing head 11 of the shell 1 and is welded and fixed.

The low-temperature storage tank that this embodiment provided is a liquid hydrogen container structure, and its structural design is simple, and economic nature is high, and the practicality is strong. The device provides an excellent choice for the liquid hydrogen ultrahigh vacuum low-temperature container.

In summary, the low-temperature storage tank provided by the invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

The conveying pipe 2 stretches into the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the top of the shell 1, and is used as a supporting structure for bearing the weight of the lower liner body 3 and the upper liner body 4. The first low-temperature medium to be stored is mainly stored by the lower container body 3, and the second low-temperature medium is sealed by the upper container body 4. Wherein the boiling point temperature of the second cryogenic medium is not higher than the boiling point temperature of the first cryogenic medium. The upper liner 4 is located closer to the outside of the housing 1 than the lower liner 3. Based on the principle of heat conduction, heat outside the storage tank can be firstly conducted to the upper container body 4 through the conveying pipe 2, and the heat conducted to the lower container body 3 is reduced by the low-temperature absorption part of heat of the second low-temperature medium in the upper container body, so that the evaporation of the first low-temperature medium is reduced, and the effective storage time of the first low-temperature medium is prolonged.

While the invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cryogenic tank, comprising:

A housing which is placed vertically and has a hollow interior;

The conveying pipe is used for conveying a first low-temperature medium, extends along the axial direction of the shell, fixedly penetrates through the top of the shell and stretches into the shell;

The lower container body is provided with a hollow inner cavity for storing the first low-temperature medium, is positioned inside the shell, is fixedly connected with the conveying pipe and is communicated with the conveying pipe;

The upper liner body is arranged above the lower liner body at intervals, sleeved on the conveying pipe and in heat conduction connection with the conveying pipe, and is formed with a liner cavity for storing a second low-temperature medium, wherein the boiling point temperature of the second low-temperature medium is not higher than that of the first low-temperature medium;

the upper liner body comprises a liner shell and a neck pipe penetrating through the liner shell, wherein the liner cavity is formed between the liner shell and the neck pipe;

the upper end of the neck pipe is fixedly connected with the pipe wall of the conveying pipe, the lower end of the neck pipe is a free end, and the free end of the neck pipe can move along the axial direction of the conveying pipe when the upper liner body contracts when in cold.

2. The cryogenic tank of claim 1, wherein:

the periphery of the upper end of the neck pipe is folded inwards of the neck pipe to form a hook part, and the opening of the hook part faces downwards;

a clamping protrusion is arranged on the peripheral wall of the conveying pipe in a protruding mode along the circumferential direction, and the clamping protrusion is bent upwards and extends to form a clamping groove with the outer wall of the conveying pipe; the clamping groove is used for the hook part to extend in, so that the neck pipe can be hung on the conveying pipe through the hook part.

3. The cryogenic tank of claim 2, wherein:

The neck pipe comprises a pipe body, an inclined pipe section and a bent pipe section, wherein the inclined pipe section and the bent pipe section are bent and extended upwards from the upper end of the pipe body in sequence;

the bent pipe section extends further upwards from the upper end of the inclined pipe section, and the tail end of the bent pipe section is bent towards the inner side of the inclined pipe section to form the hook part.

4. A cryogenic tank according to claim 3, characterized in that:

The wall thickness of the inclined pipe section is larger than that of the pipe body.

5. The cryogenic tank of claim 1, wherein:

the cryogenic storage tank further comprises a conducting piece, wherein the conducting piece is made of a heat conducting material and is clamped between the conveying pipe and the neck pipe.

6. The cryogenic tank of claim 5, wherein:

the conducting piece comprises a heat conducting tube and a plurality of fins protruding from the periphery of the heat conducting tube and circumferentially spaced, the heat conducting tube is sleeved on the periphery of the conveying tube, and the fins elastically abut against and support the inner wall of the neck tube.

7. The cryogenic tank of claim 6, wherein:

The fins are of sheet-shaped structures extending along the axial direction of the conducting piece, and one end part of each fin, far away from the heat conducting barrel, is bent.

8. The cryogenic tank of claim 1, wherein:

the liner shell is spherical, and the axial direction of the neck pipe is consistent with the radial direction of the liner shell.

9. The cryogenic tank of claim 1, wherein:

further comprising a bottom support;

The bottom support piece is located the bottom department of lower courage body, the both ends of bottom support piece respectively with the bottom outer wall of lower courage body with the inner wall of shell corresponds fixedly.