CN114439471A - Experimental device and method for migration and laying of propping agent - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for migration and laying of propping agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN114439471A CN114439471A CN202011129497.9A CN202011129497A CN114439471A CN 114439471 A CN114439471 A CN 114439471A CN 202011129497 A CN202011129497 A CN 202011129497A CN 114439471 A CN114439471 A CN 114439471A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and research of oil and gas fields, and relates to a proppant migration and laying experimental device and method. The device comprises a simulated fracture device, a fracturing fluid tank, a sand adding device, a sand-liquid separating device, a filtrate liquid collecting tank and a simulated shaft. The device adopts the PE microporous filter plate with uniformly distributed micropores as the filtration plate, can simulate the uniform filtration of the wall surface of the crack while considering the roughness of the wall surface of the crack, realizes the uniform sand addition of large sand amount, enables the experimental simulation condition to be closer to the real fractured crack, enables the flow field in the simulated crack to be closer to the flow field in the real fractured crack, and reduces the experimental error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and research of oil and gas fields, and relates to a proppant migration and laying experimental device and method.
Background
The hydraulic fracturing is an important reservoir transformation method for increasing the yield of a conventional oil reservoir and exploiting shale oil gas and compact oil gas, and the laying form of the proppant in the fracture determines the length and height of an effective fracture in the hydraulic fracturing process and is an important factor for determining the final yield increase effect. Therefore, the migration and laying rule of the proppant in the hydraulic fracturing process is known, the influence of different construction parameters on the migration rule of the proppant is determined, and the method has important significance for optimizing the hydraulic fracturing construction parameters and improving the hydraulic fracturing effect.
At present, the size of a related visual proppant migration simulation device is larger and larger, and the wall roughness and the filtration loss of a fracture are considered, so that the size and the shape of the fracture simulated by the device are closer to those of an actual fractured fracture. However, when the related device simulates formation filtration, filtration holes with different numbers and different distribution conditions are formed on one side of the simulated crack, uniform filtration on the wall surface of the whole crack is simplified into filtration concentrated on the filtration holes, the aggregation of a flow field can be formed near the filtration holes, holes formed on the crack can form abrupt change of roughness, and the uniform filtration difference with the actual crack is large. In addition, with the increasing of the size of equipment, the amount of the propping agent used in the experiment is also increasing, the propping agent added in a conventional liquid mixing tank is easy to cause the sedimentation of the propping agent which is not uniformly mixed, so that the sand ratio is not constant in the experiment process, the propping agent added in a pipeline before a pump of related equipment is easy to inject air, and the flow field in a crack is easy to change violently due to the existence of the air, so that the experiment is more error. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the equipment based on the existing device in terms of uniform wall surface filtration and rapid and constant sand ratio sand addition.
Chinese utility model patent CN208672481U discloses a consider sanding device of fracturing fluid filtration, and the device includes fracturing blender jar, force (forcing) pump, visual sanding device includes metal crate, simulation pit shaft, organic glass board, be equipped with the perforation on the simulation pit shaft, be equipped with a plurality of micropore on the organic glass board, the both sides at metal crate are installed to the organic glass board, the simulation pit shaft is installed in metal crate's one end and perforation and is located metal crate, fracturing blender jar, force (forcing) pump, simulation pit shaft loop through the pipeline intercommunication.
The Chinese invention patent CN108680339B discloses a visual crack device for simulating crack closure and filtration loss, which comprises a visual crack simulation flat plate, a fracturing liquid pump, a fracturing liquid tank and a sand-mixing liquid tank, wherein the visual crack simulation flat plate, the fracturing liquid pump and the fracturing liquid tank are connected into a circulation loop through a fracturing main pipeline; one end of the shaft is connected with the fracturing main pipeline, the other end of the shaft is positioned in the fracturing crack, and perforation holes are distributed on the surface of the shaft.
The invention patent CN104594871B discloses a device for simulating shale complex fracture sanding, which comprises a fracturing fluid preparation tank, a fluid injection pump, a simulation shaft, a plurality of regulating valves, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a complex artificial fracture. The artificial crack is composed of a main crack and a plurality of secondary cracks around the main crack, different crack forms can be simulated, the artificial crack is made of transparent organic glass, and the width and the complexity can be set manually.
Although the above patent uses screens of different pore sizes as the fracture wall surfaces to achieve the purpose of uniform fluid loss, the pores in the wall surfaces thus formed are greatly different from those in the actual fracture wall surfaces, and it is difficult to consider the roughness of the wall surfaces; the above patents disclose devices for line mixing before sand pumps, but fail to consider the problem of venting air between proppants, preventing air pumping.
Therefore, a new device is still needed to be searched for, so as to solve the problems of flow field aggregation near the filtration pores, roughness mutation and incapability of realizing rapid and uniform gas injection and sand adding caused by simplifying the uniform filtration loss of the whole fracture wall surface into the filtration loss of a part of limited filtration pores.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a propping agent migration and laying experimental device and method, which can simulate the uniform filtration of the wall surface of a crack while considering the roughness of the wall surface of the crack, realize the uniform sand addition of large sand amount, enable the experimental simulation conditions to be closer to the real fractured crack, enable the flow field in the simulated crack to be closer to the flow field in the real fractured crack, reduce the experimental error and effectively overcome the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a crack simulating device which comprises a crack front panel, a fluid loss plate, a crack rear panel and a sealing strip, wherein the crack front panel is provided with a front opening; the upper part and the lower part of the crack front panel are respectively connected with the fluid loss plate through sealing strips, a cavity formed between the crack front panel and the fluid loss plate is a simulated crack, and left and right unsealed openings of the cavity formed between the crack front panel and the fluid loss plate are respectively a fracturing fluid inlet and a fracturing fluid outlet; the fluid loss plate is connected with the crack rear panel through a sealing strip; the fluid loss plate is a PE microporous filter plate.
Preferably, the crack simulation device further comprises three fixing rods and fixing bolts which are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle part; the side surface of the fixed rod in the middle part is provided with a screw hole.
Preferably, one side of the PE microporous filter plate is a rough surface capable of simulating an actual crack; a layer of porous permeable sponge is attached to the other side of the bag; the PE microporous filter plate is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the crack front panel, the sealing strip, the PE microporous filter plate, the sealing piece and the crack rear panel are fixed through screws.
The crack fluid loss plate is a PE micropore filter plate, the material is widely applied to the aspects of water purification, solid-liquid separation and the like in the pharmaceutical and food industries, micropores in the plate are uniformly distributed, the strength is high, the service life is long, the processes of driving, sawing, filing, planing, ironing, welding, carving and the like can be carried out, filter plates with different micropores can be customized according to actual needs, the processes of driving, filing, planing, grinding, carving and the like can be carried out on the surface of a PE micropore plate according to the rough condition of the surface of an actual crack, a rough surface consistent with the rough degree of the actual crack and the shape of a wall surface is formed, and compared with the traditional open-pore sand-sticking process, the crack fluid loss plate has the characteristics of uniform fluid loss, simplicity in realization and easiness in replacement.
One side of the fluid loss plate is a rough surface simulating an actual crack, and the other side of the fluid loss plate is attached with a layer of porous permeable sponge, so that the influence of a flow field formed when a fluid discharge hole of a panel discharges fluid after the crack on the uniform fluid loss of the fluid loss plate is reduced, and the fluid loss uniformity of the fluid loss plate is further ensured. A cavity is formed between the fluid loss plate and the crack rear panel, fluid which is lost is drained through the fluid drainage hole of the crack rear panel after entering the cavity for buffering after penetrating through the fluid loss plate and the permeable sponge, and the influence of a flow field formed when the fluid drainage hole of the crack rear panel drains fluid on the uniform fluid loss of the fluid loss plate is reduced to the greatest extent.
Preferably, the crack front panel and the crack rear panel are made of transparent organic glass, and a plurality of liquid discharge holes are formed in the crack rear panel. But not limited to, 30 drain holes are arranged on the rear panel of the crack, wherein the number of the drain holes is 5-6.
The invention further provides a proppant migration and laying experimental device which comprises the simulated crack device, a fracturing fluid tank, a sand adding device, a sand-liquid separating device, a filtrate collecting tank and a simulated shaft; the simulated shaft is connected with the crack simulating device; the fracturing fluid tank is connected with the simulation shaft through a pipeline, and a screw pump is arranged on the pipeline; the sand adding device is arranged between the screw pump and the fracturing fluid tank, the bottom end of the sand adding device is communicated with the fracturing fluid tank, and the liquid level of the sand adding device and the liquid level of the fracturing fluid tank are always level; the top end of the other side of the crack simulating device is connected with a sand-liquid separating device, and the sand-liquid separating device is connected with a fracturing fluid tank; the simulated crack device discharges the filtrate into a filtrate collection tank through a filtrate collection pipeline.
Preferably, the sand adding device comprises a sand adding motor and a screw, and is provided with a proppant adding port. In order to realize evenly adding sand fast, design the sand device that adds fast on the pipeline between pump and fracturing fluid reservoir, through the intercommunication principle, the liquid level that adds in the sand device is level with the liquid level of fracturing fluid reservoir mutually, guarantee to add the injection pipeline after the proppant soaks liquid, avoid air injection, reduce the influence of injected air to flow field in the crack, increase through the screw rod device and add sand efficiency, guarantee to add the proppant of sand device fast and can get into the pipeline in real time, the crack is gone into to the pump, accomplish evenly adding sand fast.
Preferably, the simulated wellbore is provided with a plurality of perforations.
Preferably, a liquid injection pump and a liquid suction pump are arranged on the filtrate collection pipeline, and a liquid injection valve and a liquid suction valve are respectively arranged on pipelines connecting the two pumps and the crack simulation device; and the fluid loss collecting pipeline is also provided with a plurality of fluid loss control valves. In order to realize adjustable filtration loss and convenient cleaning, a pumping and injecting two pumps are arranged on a filtration fluid collecting pipeline, and in order to increase the filtration loss, a liquid discharging pump can be used for discharging liquid and increasing the pressure difference on two sides of a filtration plate; in order to facilitate the cleaning of the crack, particularly the cleaning after the experiment of the fracturing fluid with fibers and the cleaning of the fracturing fluid residues and the proppant powder in the pore space in the fluid loss filter, the fluid can be injected into the crack through the fluid loss filter, so that the effect of reducing the attachment of the fibers on the fluid loss filter and the pore space and cleaning the pore space of the fluid loss filter is achieved.
Preferably, electromagnetic flow meters are arranged on pipelines between the screw pump and the simulated shaft connecting pipeline, between the liquid suction pump and the filtrate collection tank, and between the sand-liquid separation device and the simulated crack device.
Preferably, a fracturing blender is installed in the fracturing fluid tank.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out proppant transport and placement by using the device, which comprises the following steps:
before the experiment begins, the whole crack needs to be filled with water, air in the crack and in a sealed cavity between a PE microporous plate and a crack rear panel is discharged, and then a fracturing fluid is prepared in a fracturing fluid tank;
the sand adding motor, the screw pump and the liquid suction pump are started, the screw pump is adjusted to reach the experimental discharge capacity, the liquid suction pump is adjusted to reach the experimental filtration loss, the propping agent is added through the propping agent inlet, the liquid level in the sand adding device is always flush with the liquid level in the fracturing liquid tank, so that air can not enter an experimental pipeline in the sand adding process, and the crack can be ensured to enter in real time when a large amount of propping agent is added through the stirring of the screw; on one side of the PE microporous plate in the crack, due to the existence of uniform micropores and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the crack caused by a liquid suction pump, liquid is filtered and lost into the porous permeable sponge and is discharged through a liquid discharge hole of the crack rear panel through double buffering of the porous permeable sponge and the sealed cavity; filtering the fracturing fluid at the outlet of the crack through a sand-liquid separation device, wherein the fracturing fluid can flow back into a fracturing fluid tank for recycling;
the experimental facilities clearance closes the imbibition pump, opens the liquid injection pump, through reverse notes liquid in flowing back hole to the PE micropore board to discharge the fracturing fluid residue in the micropore, impurity such as thin proppant granule.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the PE microporous filter plate with uniformly distributed micropores is used as a filtration plate, uniform filtration can be well realized, the material is widely applied to the aspects of water purification, solid-liquid separation and the like in the pharmaceutical and food industries, the micropores in the plate are uniformly distributed, the strength is high, the service life is long, the processing can be carried out by the technologies of driving, sawing, filing, planing, ironing, welding, carving and the like, the pore size of the microporous plate can be customized according to the requirement, and the processing treatment of driving, filing, planing, grinding, carving and the like can be carried out through the PE microporous plate according to the actual crack wall surface, so that a rough surface consistent with the roughness degree and the wall surface shape of the actual crack is formed, the problems of flow field concentration and roughness mutation caused by conventional open pore filtration are avoided, and the experimental error is reduced.
(2) The non-rough side of the fluid loss plate is attached with the porous permeable sponge and the cavity between the fluid loss plate and the crack rear panel, so that a concentrated flow field caused by the fluid discharge holes of the crack rear panel is buffered, and the interference of the fluid loss plate on the uniform fluid loss is avoided to the greatest extent.
(3) Add the sand device through the design on the pipeline between pump and fracturing fluid reservoir and add the sand, utilize the intercommunication principle, liquid level in the quick sand device of adding is flat mutually with the liquid level of fracturing fluid reservoir, does not guarantee that there is not air injection in the experimentation, reduces the influence of injected air flow field in to the crack, adds sand efficiency through the screw rod device increase, ensures to add the proppant that adds the sand device fast and can get into the pipeline in real time, is gone into the crack by the pump, accomplishes quick evenly to add the sand.
(4) Through set up the liquid pump on fluid loss collection pipeline, reverse injection liquid in to the crack through the flowing back hole of panel behind the crack, can reach the effect of wasing the interior residue of fluid loss board hole and wasing the coarse wall face side retentate of crack, guarantee that the even fluid loss of fluid loss board is effective for a long time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a simulated fracture device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a simulated fracture apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fluid loss plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a proppant transport and placement experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a sand adding motor, 2-a propping agent inlet, 3-a rapid sand adding device, 4-a screw, 5-a fracturing liquid tank, 6-a fracturing liquid stirrer, 7-a screw pump, 8-an electromagnetic flow meter, 9-a simulated shaft, 10-a perforation, 11-a simulated fracture device, 12-a filtration loss control valve, 13-a liquid injection valve, 14-a liquid injection pump, 15-a liquid suction valve, 16-a liquid suction pump, 17-an electromagnetic flow meter, 18-a filtration loss liquid collecting tank, 19-an electromagnetic flow meter, 20-a sand-liquid separating device, 101-a fracture front panel, 102-a PE microporous filter plate, 103-a porous permeable sponge, 104-a fracture rear panel, 105-a gasket, 106-a fastening screw and 107-a liquid discharge hole, 108-seal, 201-fastening screw hole, 401-fixing bar, 402-middle fixing bar, 403-fixing bolt.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the crack simulation device comprises a crack front panel 101, a PE microporous filter plate 102, a porous permeable sponge 103, and a crack rear panel 104, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the crack front panel 101 are respectively connected with the PE microporous filter plate 102 through a sealing member 108, a cavity formed between the crack front panel 101 and the PE microporous filter plate 102 is a simulated crack, and left and right openings, which are not sealed, of the cavity formed between the crack front panel 101 and the PE microporous filter plate 102 are respectively a fracturing fluid inlet and a fracturing fluid outlet; the porous permeable sponge 103 is adhered to the PE microporous filter plate 102, the periphery of the PE microporous filter plate 102 is connected with the crack rear panel 104 through the sealing element 108, and the inner side of the sealing element presses the permeable sponge, so that the porous permeable sponge 103 is mechanically adhered to the PE microporous filter plate 102; the crack rear panel 104 is provided with a plurality of liquid discharge holes; the porous permeable sponge 103 and the crack rear panel 104 form a cavity with sealed periphery, and liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge hole 107.
As shown in fig. 2, the two ends of the crack simulation device further include a fixing rod 401, a middle fixing rod 402 and a fixing bolt 403;
the side surface of the middle fixed rod 402 is provided with a screw hole, and is connected with the simulation shaft 9 through a bolt, and the middle part of the middle fixed rod is sealed by a sealing element; the other side is connected to the exit well bore in the same way.
The fluid loss plate shown in FIG. 3 consists of a PE microporous filter plate 102 and a porous water-permeable sponge 103; the PE microporous filter plate 102 is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the crack front panel, the sealing strip, the PE microporous filter plate, the sealing piece and the crack rear panel are fixed through screws.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, the proppant transport and placement experimental device comprises the simulated fracture device 11, the fracturing fluid tank 5, the sand adding device 3, the sand-fluid separation device 20, the filtrate fluid collecting tank 18 and the simulated well bore 9 described in the above embodiment 1; the simulated shaft 9 is connected with a simulated fracture device 11; the fracturing fluid tank 5 is connected with a simulated shaft 9 through a pipeline, and a screw pump 7 is arranged on the pipeline; the sand adding device 3 is arranged between the screw pump 7 and the fracturing fluid tank 5, the bottom end of the sand adding device is communicated with the fracturing fluid tank 5, and the liquid levels of the sand adding device 3 and the fracturing fluid tank 5 are always level; the top end of the other side of the simulated crack device 11 is connected with a sand-liquid separation device 20, and the sand-liquid separation device 20 is connected with a fracturing fluid tank 5; the simulated fracture device 11 discharges fluid through a fluid loss collection line into a fluid loss collection tank 18.
The sand adding device 3 comprises a sand adding motor 1, a screw rod 4 and a propping agent adding port 2. After the proppant in the proppant inlet 2 is added into the rapid sand adding device 3, the proppant submerges into the liquid level, air between the proppants is discharged, and the proppant is conveyed into a pipeline through the screw 4. The simulated wellbore 9 is provided with a number of perforations 10.
A liquid injection pump 14 and a liquid suction pump 16 are arranged on the filtrate collection pipeline, and a liquid injection valve 13 and a liquid suction valve 15 are respectively arranged on pipelines connecting the two pumps and the crack simulation device; and a plurality of fluid loss control valves 12 are also arranged on the fluid loss collecting pipeline. An electromagnetic flowmeter 8 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the screw pump 7 and the simulated shaft 9, an electromagnetic flowmeter 17 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid suction pump 16 and the filtrate collecting tank 18, and an electromagnetic flowmeter 19 is arranged on a pipeline between the sand-liquid separating device 20 and the simulated crack device 11. A fracturing stirrer 6 is arranged in the fracturing fluid tank 5.
Example 3
A method of proppant transport placement using the apparatus of example 2, the method comprising the steps of:
preparation of the experiment: firstly, in order to avoid the air existing in experimental equipment from generating great influence on a flow field in a crack during an experiment, the whole crack needs to be filled with water before the experiment starts, air in the crack and in a sealed cavity between the PE microporous plate 102 and the crack rear panel 104 is discharged, and then fracturing fluid is configured in the fracturing fluid tank 5.
The experiment was started: the sand adding motor 1 is started, the screw pump 7 and the liquid suction pump 16 are started, the adjusting screw pump 7 achieves the experimental discharge capacity, the adjusting liquid suction pump 16 achieves the experimental filtration loss, the propping agent is added through the propping agent inlet 2, the liquid level in the sand adding device 3 is always parallel and level with the liquid level in the fracturing liquid tank 5, the sand adding process is guaranteed not to have air to enter an experimental pipeline, and the stirring through the screw rod 4 can guarantee that a large amount of propping agent can enter cracks in real time. On one side of the PE microporous filter plate in the crack, due to the existence of uniform micropores and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the crack caused by the liquid suction pump 16, liquid is filtered into the porous permeable sponge 103 and is discharged through the liquid discharge hole 107 of the crack rear panel through the double buffering of the porous permeable sponge 103 and the sealed cavity. The fracturing fluid at the outlet of the crack is filtered by the sand-liquid separation device 20, and the fracturing fluid can flow back into the fracturing fluid tank 5 for recycling.
Cleaning experimental equipment: in the experiment using the fracturing fluid added with fibers, due to the existence of rough wall surfaces and filtration loss, the fibers can form lumps on the wall surfaces of cracks, and the cleaning is difficult, at the moment, the reverse injection is needed to be carried out into the PE microporous filter plate 102 through the liquid discharge hole by the injection pump 14 so as to discharge fracturing fluid residues, fine propping agent particles, and fibers and fiber lumps remained on the rough side.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A crack simulation device is characterized by comprising a crack front panel, a fluid loss plate, a crack rear panel and a sealing strip; the upper part and the lower part of the crack front panel are respectively connected with the fluid loss plate through sealing strips, a cavity formed between the crack front panel and the fluid loss plate is a simulated crack, and left and right unsealed openings of the cavity formed between the crack front panel and the fluid loss plate are respectively a fracturing fluid inlet and a fracturing fluid outlet; the fluid loss plate is connected with the crack rear panel through a sealing strip; the fluid loss plate is a PE microporous filter plate.
2. The crack simulating assembly of claim 1 wherein the PE microporous filter plate has a rough surface on one side to simulate actual cracks; a layer of porous permeable sponge is attached to the other side of the bag; the PE microporous filter plate is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the crack front panel, the sealing strip, the PE microporous filter plate, the sealing piece and the crack rear panel are fixed through screws;
preferably, the crack simulation device further comprises three fixing rods and fixing bolts which are respectively positioned at two ends and the middle part; the side surface of the fixed rod in the middle part is provided with a screw hole.
3. The crack simulating device of claim 1 wherein the front and back crack plates are transparent plexiglass and the back crack plate has liquid draining holes.
4. A proppant transport and placement experimental device, which is characterized by comprising the simulated fracture device, a fracturing fluid tank, a sand adding device, a sand-fluid separating device, a filtrate collecting tank and a simulated well shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the simulated shaft is connected with the crack simulating device; the fracturing fluid tank is connected with the simulation shaft through a pipeline, and a screw pump is arranged on the pipeline; the sand adding device is arranged between the screw pump and the fracturing fluid tank, the bottom end of the sand adding device is communicated with the fracturing fluid tank, and the liquid level of the sand adding device and the liquid level of the fracturing fluid tank are always level; the top end of the other side of the crack simulating device is connected with a sand-liquid separating device, and the sand-liquid separating device is connected with a fracturing fluid tank; the simulated crack device discharges the filtrate into a filtrate collection tank through a filtrate collection pipeline.
5. The experimental device for proppant transport and paving as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sand adding device comprises a sand adding motor and a screw, and is provided with a proppant adding port.
6. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport and placement as set forth in claim 4, wherein the simulated wellbore is provided with a plurality of perforations.
7. The experimental device for proppant transport and placement according to claim 4, wherein a fluid infusion pump and a fluid suction pump are arranged on the fluid loss collection pipeline, and a fluid infusion valve and a fluid suction valve are respectively arranged on the pipelines connecting the two pumps and the simulated fracture device; and the fluid loss collecting pipeline is also provided with a plurality of fluid loss control valves.
8. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport and placement as set forth in claim 4, wherein an electromagnetic flowmeter is disposed on the pipeline connecting the screw pump and the simulated wellbore, the pipeline between the suction pump and the filtrate collection tank, and the pipeline between the sand-liquid separation device and the simulated fracture device.
9. The experimental device for proppant transport and placement as set forth in claim 4, wherein a fracturing blender is installed in the fracturing fluid tank.
10. A method for proppant transport placement using the device of any of claims 4-9, comprising the steps of:
before the experiment begins, the whole crack needs to be filled with water, air in the crack and in a sealed cavity between a PE microporous plate and a crack rear panel is discharged, and then a fracturing fluid is prepared in a fracturing fluid tank;
the sand adding motor, the screw pump and the liquid suction pump are started, the screw pump is adjusted to reach the experimental discharge capacity, the liquid suction pump is adjusted to reach the experimental filtration loss, the propping agent is added through the propping agent inlet, the liquid level in the sand adding device is always flush with the liquid level in the fracturing liquid tank, so that air can not enter an experimental pipeline in the sand adding process, and the crack can be ensured to enter in real time when a large amount of propping agent is added through the stirring of the screw; on one side of the PE microporous plate in the crack, due to the existence of uniform micropores and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the crack caused by a liquid suction pump, liquid is filtered and lost into the porous permeable sponge and is discharged through a liquid discharge hole of the crack rear panel through double buffering of the porous permeable sponge and the sealed cavity; filtering the fracturing fluid at the outlet of the crack through a sand-liquid separation device, wherein the fracturing fluid can flow back into a fracturing fluid tank for recycling;
the experimental facilities clearance closes the imbibition pump, opens the liquid injection pump, through reverse notes liquid in flowing back hole to the PE micropore board to discharge the fracturing fluid residue in the micropore, impurity such as thin proppant granule.
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