CN114427824A - Method for measuring axial displacement of magnetic bearing rotor - Google Patents
Method for measuring axial displacement of magnetic bearing rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114427824A CN114427824A CN202111542690.XA CN202111542690A CN114427824A CN 114427824 A CN114427824 A CN 114427824A CN 202111542690 A CN202111542690 A CN 202111542690A CN 114427824 A CN114427824 A CN 114427824A
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- axial displacement
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0444—Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
- F16C32/0446—Determination of the actual position of the moving member, e.g. details of sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the detection device of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor can be integrated on the axial magnetic suspension bearing more compactly by fixing the differential induction detection device at the gap part between the electromagnet of the axial magnetic bearing and the rotor, thereby reducing the occupation of the axial space of the magnetic bearing system. The method provided by the invention carries out displacement measurement by detecting the change of induced electromotive force, but not detecting inductance, eddy current and the like, so that the method has the advantage of strong environmental interference resistance; the influence of common mode factors such as temperature rise, humidity and the like is reduced through a differential design mode on a circuit, so that the method provided by the invention has strong environmental stability, and the precision of measuring the axial displacement of the rotor is ensured while the arrangement of a differential induction detection device is realized in a relatively small space. In addition, the processing technology requirement of the detection surface of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of axial displacement measurement of rotary mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a method for measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor.
Background
Magnetic bearings (magnetic bearings) use the force of a magnetic field to enable a rotor to suspend and rotate at a high speed. Because of no mechanical contact, the magnetic bearing rotor can reach very high running speed, has the advantages of small mechanical wear, low energy consumption, small noise, long service life, no lubrication, no oil pollution and the like, and is particularly suitable for special environments such as high speed, vacuum, ultra-clean and the like. The magnetic bearing can be widely applied to the fields of machining, turbine machinery, aerospace, vacuum technology, rotor dynamic characteristic identification and test and the like, and is known as a novel bearing with great prospect. The axial displacement detection of the magnetic bearing rotor is the key point for determining the suspension position of the magnetic suspension motor rotor and determining the control force direction of the magnetic bearing.
The axial displacement measurement of the magnetic bearing rotor is usually realized by adopting axial displacement sensors arranged on a shaft end or a specific shaft section, the structural arrangement of the sensors usually occupies extra axial structural space, and several types of commonly used displacement sensors are sensitive to the environment, for example, an eddy current sensor is greatly interfered by temperature and an electromagnetic field, an inductance sensor is greatly interfered by a magnetic field, a photoelectric sensor is greatly interfered by dust, oil and grease and the like, the interference factors not only can limit the application range of the sensor to a great extent, but also can increase the magnetic isolation, shielding and other measures to reduce the influence of the environment on the measurement stability, thereby further increasing the occupied space of the sensor structure.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor, which is insensitive to environmental changes, so as to enhance environmental stability during the actual use of the magnetic bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement measuring method, which is used for rapidly degrading radioactive waste resin generated in the nuclear production and scientific research process, shortening the reaction time, improving the treatment efficiency of the waste resin, improving the cycle efficiency and the hydrogen peroxide utilization rate of a catalyst and reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement measurement method, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a differential induction detection device outside the rotor magnetic conduction section;
s2, introducing sine alternating current into an exciting coil of the differential induction detection device;
and S3, extracting differential voltage signals, and converting the differential voltage signals into the axial relative displacement of the rotor.
Further, the differential induction detection device comprises a coil framework, a first differential induction coil, an excitation coil and a second differential induction coil;
the first differential induction coil, the excitation coil and the second differential induction coil are wound on the coil framework from top to bottom in sequence.
Further, the bobbin is made of a non-magnetic material.
Furthermore, the first differential induction coil, the excitation coil and the second differential induction coil are in a non-contact state with the electromagnet of the magnetic bearing and the rotor.
Further, the coil framework is fixedly arranged on the magnetic bearing electromagnet, and the coil framework is not in contact with the rotor;
the differential induction detection device is fixed at a gap part between the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet and the rotor.
Further, the first differential induction coil is located above the rotor magnetizer step surface, and the second differential induction coil is located below the rotor magnetizer step surface.
Further, the first differential induction coil and the second differential induction coil are wound on the coil framework according to the same number of turns.
Further, when a sinusoidal alternating current is introduced into an exciting coil of the differential induction detection device, the magnitude of induced electromotive force generated in the first differential induction coil is different from the magnitude of induced electromotive force generated in the second differential induction coil.
Further, the differential induction detection device is realized by a PCB integrated with a spiral reticle.
Further, if the rotor is not magnetic conductive, a thin magnetic conductive ring is assembled on the rotor, and then the method is used for measuring the axial displacement of the rotor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for measuring the axial displacement of the magnetic bearing rotor can realize good anti-interference capability by fixing the differential induction detection device at the gap part between the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet and the rotor, and simultaneously integrate the detection device of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor compactly on the axial magnetic suspension bearing, thereby greatly reducing the occupation of the axial space of the magnetic bearing system. The method provided by the invention carries out displacement measurement by detecting the change of induced electromotive force, but not detecting inductance, eddy current and the like, so that the method has the advantage of strong environmental interference resistance; the influence of common mode factors such as temperature rise, humidity and the like is reduced through a differential design mode on a circuit, so that the method provided by the invention has strong environmental stability, and the precision of measuring the axial displacement of the rotor is ensured while the arrangement of a differential induction detection device is realized in a relatively small space. In addition, because the differential induction detection device of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor has axial structural symmetry and has the function of circumferential homogenization, the homogenization of the detected quantity on the axial section is formed, and the processing technology requirement of the detection surface of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement measurement method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the differential induction detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention applied to an electromagnet of an axial magnetic bearing.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a differential induction detecting device applied to an electromagnet of an axial magnetic bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of a differential induction detection device applied to an electromagnet of an axial magnetic bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a bobbin in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-coil skeleton; 2-a first differential induction coil; 3-exciting the coil; 4-a second differential induction coil; 5-axial magnetic bearing electromagnet (stator); 6-axial magnetic bearing rotor thrust disk; 7-mandrel (rotor); 8-rotor magnetizer step surface
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a method for measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, installing a differential induction detection device outside the rotor magnetic conduction section;
in this embodiment, first, an excitation coil 3, a first differential induction coil 2, and a second differential induction coil 4 are wound around the rotor outside the rotor magnetic conductive section. Fig. 2 to 4 are schematic structural views of the differential induction detection device according to the present embodiment applied to an axial magnetic bearing electromagnet 5 (i.e., a stator); the differential induction detection device comprises the first differential induction coil 2, an excitation coil 3, a second differential induction coil 4 and a coil framework 1.
The first differential induction coil 2, the excitation coil 3 and the second differential induction coil 4 can be wound on the coil frame 1 made of non-magnetic materials manually or mechanically.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first differential induction coil 2, the exciting coil 3, and the second differential induction coil 4 are in a non-contact state with a certain air gap distance kept between the magnetic bearing electromagnet 5 and the rotor 7 (i.e., the core shaft). The coil framework 1 is fixedly arranged on the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet 5, and the coil framework 1 is not in contact with the rotor 7. The first differential induction coil 2 is located above the rotor magnetizer step surface 8, and the second differential induction coil 4 is located below the rotor magnetizer step surface 8.
The differential induction detecting device is fixed at the gap between the electromagnet 5 of the axial magnetic bearing and the rotor 7, thus greatly reducing the occupation of the axial space of the magnetic bearing system. Furthermore, since there is no need to pass a large current through the first differential induction coil 2, the exciting coil 3, and the second differential induction coil 4, the first differential induction coil 2, the exciting coil 3, and the second differential induction coil 4 may be wound with a thin enameled wire having a wire diameter of, for example, 0.1mm, and the bobbin 1 may be optimized as necessary.
Optionally, the coil bobbin 1 may be fixedly mounted on the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet 5 in a clamping or bonding manner.
Optionally, the differential induction detection device including the coil bobbin 1, the first differential induction coil 2, the excitation coil 3, and the second differential induction coil 4 may be implemented by a PCB board integrated with a spiral reticle, so as to improve the uniformity of the differential induction detection device in practical application.
S2, introducing sine alternating current into the exciting coil;
in the present embodiment, when a sinusoidal alternating current is supplied to the excitation coil 3, an alternating magnetic field is generated around the excitation coil 3, and at this time, induced electromotive forces are generated in the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4. Because the magnetic force lines outside the exciting coil 3 pass through the magnetic conductive rotor 7, the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet 5 and the non-magnetic conductive air gap space to form a closed loop, for the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4 which are at different spatial positions, the magnetic fluxes surrounded by the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4 are different, so that the induced electromotive forces at different axial positions are different, and the difference between the axial relative positions of the first differential induction coil 2 and the rotor and the axial relative positions of the second differential induction coil 4 and the rotor is the main reason for the difference.
In this embodiment, since the first differential induction coil 2 is located on the rotor magnetizer step surface 8, there is a leakage magnetic flux phenomenon, so that the magnetic flux line at the position of the first differential induction coil 2 is sparse than the magnetic flux line at the position of the second differential induction coil 4, that is, the amount of change of the magnetic flux of the first differential induction coil 2 is smaller than that of the second differential induction coil 4, and thus the induced electromotive force of the first differential induction coil 2 is smaller than that of the second differential induction coil 4.
And S3, extracting differential voltage signals, and converting the differential voltage signals into the axial relative displacement of the rotor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4 may be wound by the same number of turns, and a voltage difference between the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4 may be extracted as a differential voltage signal to the differential detector of the magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement sensor, and then converted into the rotor axial relative displacement. As long as the rotor magnetizer step surface 8 is located between the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4, when the rotor 7 is displaced axially, the differential detector can obtain a relatively obvious differential voltage signal related to the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4.
Meanwhile, because the positions of the first differential induction coil 2 and the second differential induction coil 4 are close to each other, except for the difference of the axial relative positions, the environments are basically consistent, so that the obtained differential voltage signal can eliminate the influence of common mode factors such as temperature drift, humidity, magnetic field interference and the like; the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor measures the displacement by detecting the change of induced electromotive force, but not detecting inductance, eddy current and the like, so the axial displacement sensor has the advantage of strong environmental interference resistance; therefore, in step S3 of the present embodiment, a signal having a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio and monotonically changing with the relative displacement in the rotor axial direction can be obtained. In addition, the differential induction detection device of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor has axial structure symmetry and has the function of circumferential homogenization, so that the requirements on the processing technology such as surface finish, dimensional accuracy and the like of the axial displacement sensor of the magnetic bearing rotor can be reduced.
The embodiment of the invention designs a method for measuring the axial displacement of a rotor aiming at the structural characteristics of a rotating machine, a sinusoidal alternating current is conducted on an excitation coil 3 surrounding a magnetic conduction section of the rotor, an alternating magnetic field can be formed on the rotor 7, and the principle that induced electromotive force generated by a first differential induction coil 2 and a second differential induction coil 4 nearby the alternating magnetic field can change along with the axial displacement of a step surface 8 of a rotor magnetic conductor or a groove structure is utilized, so that the accurate measurement of the axial displacement of the rotor can be realized.
By adopting the method for measuring the axial displacement of the magnetic bearing rotor, the influence of common-mode factors such as temperature rise and humidity can be reduced through a differential design mode on a circuit, so that the measuring method has strong environmental stability; it is also because this measurement method is insensitive to environmental changes, and therefore the arrangement of the differential induction probe unit can be realized in a relatively small space. For applications such as magnetic bearings, a differential induction detection device can be arranged between the stator and the rotor of the axial electromagnet, so that the integration of the sensor and the actuator thereof is realized. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the axial electromagnet of the magnetic suspension bearing, can realize the compact detection device of the axial displacement sensor of the integrated magnetic bearing rotor on the axial magnetic suspension bearing, and further achieves the purpose of reducing the axial space occupation of the magnetic bearing system.
Embodiments of the present invention are equally applicable to air-levitation or other rotating mechanical devices where axial displacement needs to be measured.
In addition, the method for measuring the axial displacement of the magnetic bearing rotor provided by the embodiment of the invention is also suitable for the condition that the rotor is not magnetically conductive, and the operation method comprises the following steps: after the rotor is assembled with a thin magnetic conductive ring, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to measure the axial displacement of the magnetic bearing rotor with the rotor not being magnetically conductive, thereby achieving the same effect.
The method for measuring the axial displacement of the magnetic bearing rotor provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the changes of magnetic conduction unevenness caused by the step surface of the magnetizer on the rotor and magnetic leakage flux in the sensor coil caused by axial displacement to measure the axial displacement of the rotor, and has the characteristic of nonlinearity, so the method is mainly suitable for measuring in a small range with certain precision, for example, the method is applied to a magnetic bearing system with a sensor having a clear linearization requirement in a certain small range; further calibration is required if an accurate value of the measurement is to be obtained.
The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms or other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a differential induction detection device outside the rotor magnetic conduction section;
s2, introducing sine alternating current into an exciting coil of the differential induction detection device;
and S3, extracting differential voltage signals, and converting the differential voltage signals into the axial relative displacement of the rotor.
2. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the differential induction detection device comprises a coil framework, a first differential induction coil, an excitation coil and a second differential induction coil;
the first differential induction coil, the excitation coil and the second differential induction coil are sequentially wound on the coil framework from top to bottom.
3. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 2, wherein: the coil bobbin is made of a non-magnetic conductive material.
4. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 2, wherein: the first differential induction coil, the excitation coil and the second differential induction coil are in non-contact with the electromagnet of the magnetic bearing and the rotor.
5. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 4, wherein: the coil framework is fixedly arranged on the magnetic bearing electromagnet, and the coil framework is not in contact with the rotor;
the differential induction detection device is fixed at a gap part between the axial magnetic bearing electromagnet and the rotor.
6. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 2, wherein: the first differential induction coil is positioned above the rotor magnetizer step surface, and the second differential induction coil is positioned below the rotor magnetizer step surface.
7. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 2, wherein: the first differential induction coil and the second differential induction coil are wound on the coil framework according to the same number of turns.
8. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 2, wherein: when the exciting coil of the differential induction detection device is introduced with sine alternating current, the magnitude of induced electromotive force generated in the first differential induction coil is different from that of induced electromotive force generated in the second differential induction coil.
9. The method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the differential induction detection device is realized by a PCB integrated with a spiral scribed line.
10. A method of measuring axial displacement of a magnetic bearing rotor of claim 9, wherein: and if the rotor is not magnetic conductive, assembling a thin magnetic conductive ring on the rotor, and measuring the axial displacement of the rotor by using the method.
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| CN202111542690.XA CN114427824B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement measurement method |
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| CN202111542690.XA CN114427824B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Magnetic bearing rotor axial displacement measurement method |
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| CN114427824B CN114427824B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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