CN114382625B - Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ejector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection, which comprises a nozzle body and an orifice plate which are arranged up and down and are in sealing connection; n vertical mounting holes are formed in the nozzle body, and a needle valve body is inserted into each of the n vertical mounting holes; the bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are respectively provided with an ejector spray hole; n injector vertical oil passages are arranged on the nozzle body; the spray hole plate is provided with n injector transverse oil passages, a spray hole connecting cavity and m spray holes; one end of each of the n transverse oil ducts of the ejector is connected with the jet hole connecting cavity at the same time, and the n transverse oil ducts are radially arranged by taking the jet hole connecting cavity as the center; the other ends of the n horizontal oil passages of the ejector are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n vertical oil passages of the ejector; the upper ends of the n injector vertical oil channels are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n injector spray holes; one end of each of the m spray holes is connected with the spray hole connecting cavity, and the other end of each of the m spray holes is located on the side face of the corresponding spray hole plate. The nozzle disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, and effectively solves the problem that the prior art cannot realize homologous injection.

Description

An injector nozzle for flexible jetting

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engine fuel injection and relates to an injector nozzle capable of flexible injection.

Background technique

With the promotion of energy saving and emission reduction regulations, the combustion technology in the engine cylinder has been further improved, and various high-efficiency new combustion technologies have gradually emerged. Among them, the flexible fuel engine is considered to be the most promising one due to the use of fuels that are mature in the market. technology, while flex-fuel engines involve multiple fuel injection systems. Fuel can be port injection or direct injection, and port injection and in-cylinder injection can also be used in combination for more than two types of fuel injection.

A flexible fuel engine can be implemented by using the same engine body to replace different fuels, or by mixing different fuel ratios in a common fuel tank, or by injecting multiple fuels through different fuel injection systems and using them simultaneously on the engine. The mode of using different fuels on the same engine at the same time is mainly due to the combination of physical and chemical properties of different fuels, such as diesel/natural gas or diesel/methanol engine diesel as a liquid spark plug to ignite natural gas or methanol. The current injection generally injects methanol or natural gas into the intake port and directly injects diesel into the cylinder. Due to the fuel escape phenomenon during the overlapping period of the intake and exhaust valves and the responsiveness caused by the distance between the intake port and the cylinder, Direct injection is the best option. However, the valve mechanism on the cylinder head occupies most of the space, and the space for direct injection injectors on the cylinder head is limited. Even if a miniaturized injector is used, the different sources of fuel injection caused by the position and angle of the nozzle hole will cause uneven spray and The problem of poor utilization of combustion chamber space, therefore, it is the best choice to integrate two or more direct injection functions together, such as the diesel/natural gas in-cylinder direct injection injector developed by Canada Westport Company and the German Bosch The NGDI injector developed by the company integrates the direct injection function of diesel and natural gas, and has achieved satisfactory power and emission performance, but the injector is complex in structure, requires high processing technology, and is expensive.

Therefore, how to develop an in-cylinder direct injection injector with a simple structure and homologous fuel injection has become a new challenge, and the nozzle, as a key link, needs to study new technologies to solve this problem.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and provide an injector nozzle with simple structure and low price that can realize flexible injection.

The present invention installs two or three commercialized injectors on the same nozzle, realizes the injection combination through the opening and closing of the injector itself, and the combination of various injectors can realize different fuel injection combinations, and different Injection timing can meet the new requirements of fuel injection system for efficient and clean combustion, specifically by designing a combined nozzle.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

An injector nozzle capable of flexible spraying, comprising a nozzle body and an orifice plate arranged up and down and sealed and connected, and the orifice plate is located below the nozzle body;

The nozzle body is provided with n vertical mounting holes, n≥2, and a needle valve body is inserted in each of the n vertical mounting holes, and the vertical mounting hole is sealed with the needle valve body;

The bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are each provided with an injector nozzle hole located below the sealing cone surface and communicated with the inner space of the needle valve body; the nozzle body is provided with n injector vertical oil passages; There are n injector transverse oil passages, a nozzle hole connection chamber and m nozzle holes, m≥2;

One end of the horizontal oil passages of the n injectors is connected with the nozzle connecting chamber at the same time, and is arranged radially with the nozzle connecting chamber as the center; The lower end is connected; the upper ends of the n injector vertical oil passages are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n injector orifices (i.e. the injector orifices at the bottom of the n needle valve bodies);

One end of the m spray holes is simultaneously connected with the spray hole connecting cavity, and the other end is located on the side of the spray hole plate.

As a preferred technical solution:

According to the injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, the n injector nozzle holes are vertical nozzle holes, and are respectively located at the bottom of the n needle valve bodies.

According to the injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, n vertical mounting holes have the same shape and size; n needle valve bodies have the same shape and size; and n injector nozzle holes have the same shape and size.

According to the injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, the vertical oil passages of the n injectors have the same shape and size.

According to the above-mentioned injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection, the shape and size of the horizontal oil passages of the n injectors are the same.

According to the injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, the m spray holes have the same shape and size.

As mentioned above, for an injector nozzle that can realize flexible injection, m nozzle holes are evenly distributed. According to the experience of existing product development, the value of m ranges from 2 to 12.

According to the injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, the nozzle body and the orifice plate are welded to ensure sealing.

An injector nozzle capable of flexible injection as described above, the nozzle body is composed of a coaxial cylinder I and a cylinder II, the cylinder I is located above the cylinder II, the diameter of the cylinder I is larger than the cylinder II, and the height of the cylinder I is smaller than the cylinder II; The orifice plate is composed of a coaxial cylinder III and a circular platform, the cylinder III is located above the circular platform, the large end of the circular platform is on the top, and the small end is below, the diameter of the cylinder III is greater than the diameter of the large end of the circular platform, and the height of the cylinder III is smaller than the circular platform Cylinder II is coaxial with cylinder III and has the same diameter; this structure transfers the function of the orifice of the original injector to the orifice plate, and the original injector only carries out the metering and on-off functions of injection, and the spray characteristics of the nozzle of the present invention are only It is determined by the orifice on the orifice plate, and the orifice plate is separated from the nozzle body. The orifice on the orifice plate is a through hole, which can be machined in two directions and squeezed and ground. It is easy to process, and the processing quality and flow coefficient can be Guaranteed.

An injector nozzle of the present invention that can realize flexible injection is installed on the cylinder head of the engine after being combined with multiple injectors during use. The solenoid valve of the electronically controlled injector determines the opening and closing of the injector. When the injector After opening, the fuel will be transported to the nozzle hole of the spinneret through the oil channel and sprayed out. When the injector is closed, the fuel will be cut off and the injection will stop.

An injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to the present invention can be equipped with multiple injectors. Taking two electronically controlled injectors as an example, the same fuel can be used, such as both are diesel oil; different types of injectors can also be used. For example, one is diesel and the other is gasoline, or one is diesel and the other is methanol. According to the requirements of the combustion system, one of the injectors can be a gas injector, such as natural gas, or Using air, the combination of diesel/natural gas can achieve high-efficiency combustion of natural gas, while air injection can realize air-assisted injection to enhance fuel atomization. The injector nozzle of the present invention can achieve flexible injection. The injection sequence of the nozzle is controlled separately by the engine control unit, and the fuel injected successively can be injected through the nozzle hole in the nozzle head without affecting each other. If air-assisted injection is used, the subsequent injection of air can empty the residual fuel in the injection hole. If one of the injectors is used to spray water, the temperature in the cylinder can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the engine's NOx emissions. If three injectors are installed on the nozzle, the diesel/natural gas/water injection function can be realized, which can effectively reduce the knocking tendency of the engine, expand the ratio of natural gas substitution, and increase the power of the engine.

Taking the injection of diesel and methanol as an example to illustrate the injection timing, due to the requirements of the combustion system, it is necessary to use highly reactive diesel to ignite methanol. Therefore, diesel is directly injected into the cylinder at the early stage of the compression process, while methanol is Diesel is injected into the cylinder sometime after compression TDC. The injector nozzle of the present invention can easily fulfill such a function. In addition, if the injector adopts an electronically controlled common rail system, the injection times of each injector can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of the combustion mode in the cylinder. Figure 4 shows three diesel injections and one methanol injection The different injection timing of the injection rate, the number of diesel injection times, and the fuel volume of each injection are all realized by the engine electronic control unit driving the solenoid valve of the diesel injector according to the requirements of the combustion system, and the timing and fuel volume of methanol are also This is accomplished by actuating the solenoid valve of the methanol injector according to the ratio of engine combustion technology to fuel.

In addition, the pressures of the two injections can be different, and the injection process can not interfere with each other. The needle valve in the non-injection state is in close contact with the needle valve body under the action of liquid pressure and spring force. The diameter of the vertical oil passage at the head of each electronically controlled injector is small, and the effect of the pressure difference on such a small area The force cannot reversely open the needle valve of the injector with lower pressure, so the fuel is injected at different timings, and there will be no situation where the high-pressure fuel will escape into the low-pressure injector when the two injectors are injected at the same time. Taking diesel and methanol injection nozzles as an example, the injection pressure of diesel can be between 400-2000 bar, while methanol can be injected at a relatively low injection pressure such as 200-800 bar. The duration of the two kinds of fuel injection can be different, and the corresponding injection duration can be calculated according to the engine power, the fuel injection quantity requirements of the combustion system and the respective injection pressures.

The injector nozzle capable of flexible injection of the present invention collects multiple injectors on a common nozzle to inject various fuels into the cylinder, and ensures the symmetrical and uniform mixing of the fuel in the cylinder.

Beneficial effect:

The injector nozzle of the present invention that can realize flexible injection has a simple structure, and the fuel of multiple injectors is integrated and sprayed from the same injection hole, which effectively solves the problem of difficulty in arranging the direct injection space of multiple injectors in the prior art. The problem that the injection space of multiple injectors cannot be mixed evenly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1～2 is a kind of injector nozzle structure schematic diagram that can realize flexible injection of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the plan view of the orifice plate of a kind of injector nozzle that can realize flexible injection of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the injection rate-crankshaft angle relation figure that the nozzle of Fig. 1～3 carries out three diesel injections and one methanol injection;

Among them, 1-first injector, 2-second injector, 3-nozzle body, 4-orifice plate, 101-needle valve of first injector, 102-needle valve body of first injector, 103-first Injector nozzle, 104-vertical oil passage of the first injector, 201-needle valve of the second injector, 202-needle valve body of the second injector, 203-nozzle hole of the second injector, 204-second injector Vertical oil passage, 34-junction, 401-spray hole connection chamber, 402-spray hole, 411-first injector horizontal oil passage, 421-second injector horizontal oil passage.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

An injector nozzle capable of flexible spraying, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, includes a nozzle body 3 and an orifice plate 4 arranged up and down and sealed and welded. The orifice plate 4 is located below the nozzle body 3. The joints 34 are welded together;

The nozzle body 3 is composed of a coaxial cylinder I and a cylinder II, the cylinder I is located above the cylinder II, the diameter of the cylinder I is larger than the cylinder II, and the height of the cylinder I is smaller than the cylinder II; the orifice plate 4 is composed of the coaxial cylinder III and the circular platform Composition, cylinder III is located above the circular frustum, the large end of the circular frustum is on the top, and the small end is below, the diameter of cylinder III is greater than the diameter of the large end of the circular frustum, and the height of cylinder III is smaller than the circular frustum; cylinder II and cylinder III are coaxial and have the same diameter;

The nozzle body 3 is provided with 2 vertical mounting holes with the same shape and size, and a needle valve body is inserted in each of the 2 vertical mounting holes. The needle valve body 102 and the needle valve body 202 of the second injector, the vertical installation hole is in sealing connection with the needle valve body; the bottom of the two needle valve bodies is respectively provided with an inner space located below the sealing cone surface and connected to the needle valve body Connected injector nozzle holes, the injector nozzle holes are vertical nozzle holes, the shape and size of the two injector nozzle holes are the same, and they are respectively recorded as the first injector nozzle hole 103 and the second injector nozzle hole 203; the nozzle body 3 is provided with two injector vertical oil passages of the same shape and size, which are respectively recorded as the first injector vertical oil passage 104 and the second injector vertical oil passage 204;

The orifice plate 4 is provided with two injector transverse oil passages, an injector connecting cavity 401 and four spray holes 402; the two injector transverse oil passages have the same shape and size, and are respectively recorded as the first injector transverse oil passage 411. The second injector transverse oil passage 421; one end of the two injector transverse oil passages is connected to the nozzle hole connection chamber 401 at the same time, and is arranged radially with the nozzle hole connection chamber 401 as the center; the two injector transverse oil passages The other end is respectively connected with the lower ends of the vertical oil passages of the two injectors; the upper ends of the vertical oil passages of the two injectors are respectively connected with the lower ends of the nozzle holes of the two injectors; the shape and size of the four nozzle holes 402 are the same, and Evenly distributed on the orifice plate 4 , one end of the four orifices 402 is connected to the orifice connection cavity 401 at the same time, and the other end is located on the side of the orifice plate 4 .

Specific use process:

The first injector needle valve 101 is installed in the first injector needle valve body 102; the first injector needle valve 101 is the needle valve of the first injector 1; when the first injector 1 works, the first injector needle valve 101 rises away from the sealing cone of the needle valve body 102 of the first injector, and the fuel will be ejected from the first injector hole 103 on the first injector 1, and then enter the vertical direction of the first injector on the nozzle body 3. The oil passage 104, the first horizontal oil passage 411 on the orifice plate connects the vertical oil passage 104 of the first injector and the nozzle connection chamber 401, after the fuel reaches the nozzle connection chamber 401, it will be uniformly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle orifice plate 4 The spray hole 402 sprays out.

The second injector needle valve 201 is installed with the second injector needle valve 201; the second injector needle valve 201 is the needle valve of the second injector 2; when the second injector 2 is working, the second injector needle valve 201 Rising away from the sealing cone of the needle valve body 202 of the first injector, the fuel will be ejected from the second injector nozzle hole 203 on the second injector 2, and then enter the vertical fuel oil of the second injector on the nozzle body 3. Road 204, the second horizontal oil passage 421 on the orifice plate connects the vertical oil passage 204 of the second injector and the nozzle connection chamber 401, after the fuel reaches the nozzle connection chamber 401, it will be evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle hole plate 402 ejected.

When the two injectors work at the same time, the fuel will be mixed in the injection hole connection chamber 401 and then sprayed out from the injection hole 402 .

When the two injectors work successively, the fuel can pass through the nozzle hole connection cavity 401, and then be ejected successively from the nozzle hole 402; the injection timing is independently controlled by the engine control unit, and the fuel injected successively can pass through the nozzle head nozzle hole 402 spray out, do not affect each other. If air-assisted injection is used, the subsequent injection of air can empty the residual fuel in the injection hole. If one of the injectors is used to spray water, the temperature in the cylinder can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the engine's NOx emissions.

The nozzle of the present invention is not limited to installing two injectors, but also can install three, four or even more injectors.

The injector can not only inject liquid, but also inject gas such as air, and the medium can be not only fuel, but also a combustion aid or a cooling medium. If three injectors are installed on the nozzle, the diesel/natural gas/water injection function can be realized, which can effectively reduce the knocking tendency of the engine, expand the ratio of natural gas substitution, and increase the BMEP of the engine.

The injector nozzle of the present invention that can realize flexible injection has a simple structure, and the fuel of multiple injectors is integrated and sprayed from the same injection hole, which effectively solves the problem of difficulty in arranging the direct injection space of multiple injectors in the prior art. The problem that the injection space of multiple injectors cannot be mixed evenly.

Claims (7)

1. A injector nozzle that can realize flexible spraying is characterized in that it comprises a nozzle body (3) and an orifice plate (4) arranged up and down and sealingly connected, and the orifice plate (4) is positioned at the bottom of the nozzle body (3) below; The nozzle body (3) is provided with n vertical mounting holes, n≥2, and a needle valve body is inserted in each of the n vertical mounting holes, and the vertical mounting hole is sealed and connected with the needle valve body; The bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are each provided with an injector nozzle hole located below the sealing cone surface and communicated with the inner space of the needle valve body; the n injector nozzle holes are vertical nozzle holes, and are respectively located in the n needle valve the bottom of the body; The nozzle body (3) is provided with n vertical oil passages for injectors; the orifice plate (4) is provided with n horizontal oil passages for injectors, a nozzle connecting cavity (401) and m nozzle holes, m≥ 2; One end of the horizontal oil passage of n injectors is connected with the nozzle connecting chamber (401) at the same time, and is arranged radially with the nozzle connecting chamber (401) as the center; The lower ends of the vertical oil passages of the injectors are connected; the upper ends of the vertical oil passages of the n injectors are respectively connected with the lower ends of the nozzle holes of the n injectors; One end of the m spray holes is connected with the spray hole connection cavity (401) at the same time, and the other end is located on the side of the spray hole plate (4). 2. A injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to claim 1, characterized in that, n vertical mounting holes have the same shape and size; n needle valve bodies have the same shape and size; n injection The shape and size of the injector orifice are the same. 3. An injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to claim 2, characterized in that the n injector vertical oil passages have the same shape and size. 4. An injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to claim 3, characterized in that the n injector transverse oil passages have the same shape and size. 5. The injector nozzle capable of flexible spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, the m nozzle holes have the same shape and size. 6 . The injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to claim 5 , wherein the m nozzle holes are evenly distributed, and the value of m ranges from 2 to 12. 7 . 7. An injector nozzle capable of flexible injection according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle body (3) and the orifice plate (4) are welded and connected.

Images