CN114382411A - Drilling device for simulated exploitation test of natural gas hydrate in super-gravity field - Google Patents
Drilling device for simulated exploitation test of natural gas hydrate in super-gravity field Download PDFInfo
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- CN114382411A CN114382411A CN202210048943.6A CN202210048943A CN114382411A CN 114382411 A CN114382411 A CN 114382411A CN 202210048943 A CN202210048943 A CN 202210048943A CN 114382411 A CN114382411 A CN 114382411A
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- natural gas
- gas hydrate
- screw rod
- drilling device
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/043—Directional drilling for underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/04—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
- E21B19/081—Screw-and-nut feed mechanisms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
- E21B7/136—Underwater drilling from non-buoyant support
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, and particularly discloses a drilling device for a high-gravity-field natural gas hydrate simulation exploitation test. The invention has the advantages that two operations of rotation and feeding can be realized by only one driving device, the structure is compact, and the operation under the high-gravity-field environment is easier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a drilling device for a high-gravity-field natural gas hydrate simulation exploitation test.
Background
Because of the concealment and complexity of the natural gas hydrate exploitation process, the exploitation field test has huge investment and has safety problems, so that the physical simulation test in a laboratory becomes a necessary trend. However, most of the existing simulation test devices are researched under normal gravity, the real stress field of the hydrate exploitation process cannot be reflected, and the model under the condition of supergravity can make up the loss of stress by overload. The mining test of the scaling model is carried out under the hypergravity field, namely, the model reduced by 1/n is used for carrying out research in the hypergravity field with n times of gravity, so that the accuracy and the economy are high, and the method is an important research direction in the field of mining natural gas hydrates at home and abroad.
At present, the high gravity field hydrate exploitation simulation test device is few, the simulation process is incomplete, the existing exploitation simulation only aims at the hydrate decomposition process, and the exploitation operation process is not reported in a public way. The mining operation includes drilling and advance two actions, and need realize under the hypergravity field of several hundred times gravity, and the structure takes place great deformation because of receiving the centrifugal force of several hundred times self, and the more complicated structure is difficult to realize, needs a compact succinct device to realize this process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a drilling device for a high gravity field natural gas hydrate simulated exploitation test.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hypergravity field natural gas hydrate is drilling device for simulation mining test, includes the high pressure mold box, the outside of high pressure mold box is provided with the support, it is provided with drive arrangement to slide on the support, drive arrangement's output is provided with revolves the sword, revolve the sword and be located in the high pressure mold box.
Specifically, the support includes connecting rod and two guide bars, two guide bar parallel arrangement and one end all fix on high-pressure model case, two the other end of guide bar passes through the connecting rod is connected.
Specifically, drive arrangement includes driving motor and lead screw, driving motor fixes on the mounting panel, mounting panel and two the guide bar passes through linear bearing sliding connection respectively, the lead screw is connected with driving motor's output shaft, the sword is fixed in the one end of lead screw soon, be fixed with a nut on the high pressure model case, lead screw and nut threaded connection.
Specifically, a mounting hole is formed in the high-pressure model box, the screw rod penetrates through the mounting hole and extends into the high-pressure model box, a composite seal is arranged at the position, located at the mounting hole, of the inner side of the high-pressure model box, and the composite seal is fixed on the high-pressure model box and used for sealing the high-pressure model box and the screw rod.
Specifically, revolve the sword and include cutter arbor and spiral blade, spiral blade spiral is fixed on the cutter arbor, all be provided with the blade on the edge of spiral blade one end and the end of cutter arbor, the one end of cutter arbor is provided with the fixing base, it is used for the installation to revolve the sword to be provided with the fixed orifices on the fixing base.
Specifically, the outside cover of the one end that revolves the sword and be connected with the lead screw is equipped with a sword section of thick bamboo, a sword section of thick bamboo rotates and sets up on the lead screw.
Specifically, one end of the screw rod is provided with a connecting plate, a ball shaft collar is arranged on the connecting plate, one end of the ball shaft collar is fixed on the connecting plate, and the other end of the ball shaft collar is fixedly connected with the knife cylinder.
Specifically, the knife cylinder includes a support section of thick bamboo and a storage section of thick bamboo, the diameter of storage section of thick bamboo is greater than the diameter of a support section of thick bamboo, the storage section of thick bamboo and a support section of thick bamboo intercommunication, intercommunication department are the toper structure, the storage section of thick bamboo is connected with the ball axle collar.
Specifically, a laser displacement sensor is arranged on the connecting rod.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the drilling device disclosed by the invention can realize two operations of rotation and feeding by only using one driving motor, has a compact structure and is easier to work in a high-super-gravity-field environment;
2. one end of the screw rod is provided with a cutter cylinder, and the rotary cutter penetrates through the cutter cylinder to realize simulation of mining and wellhead support operation; the cutter barrel and the rotary cutter feed together without rotating, and friction interference on a produced layer is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the drilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary cutter according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the knife cylinder of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-high pressure die box, 2-rotary cutter, 21-cutter bar, 22-spiral blade, 23-fixed seat, 3-cutter cylinder, 31-material storage cylinder, 32-support cylinder, 4-nut, 5-guide bar, 6-screw rod, 7-mounting plate, 8-linear bearing, 9-driving motor, 10-connecting rod, 11-laser displacement sensor, 12-composite seal, 13-connecting plate, 14-fixed nut and 15-ball collar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the drilling device for the high-gravity-field natural gas hydrate simulated mining test comprises a high-pressure model box 1, a support is arranged outside the high-pressure model box 1, a driving device is arranged on the support in a sliding mode, a rotary cutter 2 is arranged at the output end of the driving device, and the rotary cutter 2 is located in the high-pressure model box 1. The drilling device of the embodiment is used for simulating exploitation of natural gas hydrates in a high-gravity field, and the drilling device is required to be installed on a centrifugal machine rotating at a high speed when the drilling device is used, so that the whole device works in the high-gravity field, a high-pressure model box 1 is filled with high-pressure liquid to simulate a deep sea environment, wherein the direction of the centrifugal machine is consistent with the drilling direction of a rotary cutter 2 of the drilling device in the operation process, the driving device drives the rotary cutter 2 to rotate and feed when the drilling device drills, the driving device can perform two actions by adopting one driving device, the structure is compact, the drilling device can work in the environment of the high-gravity field more easily, and a support is fixed on the high-pressure model box 1 and used for installing the driving device and providing guidance, and the driving device can form feeding along a support slideway when the driving device works.
Further, the support includes connecting rod 10 and two guide bars 5, two guide bars 5 parallel arrangement and one end are all fixed on high-pressure model case 1, two the other end of guide bar 5 passes through connecting rod 10 is connected, drive arrangement includes driving motor 9 and lead screw 6, driving motor 9 is fixed on mounting panel 7, mounting panel 7 and two guide bars 5 are respectively through linear bearing 8 sliding connection, lead screw 6 and driving motor 9's output shaft, the one end at lead screw 6 is fixed to spinning knife 2, be fixed with a nut 4 on the high-pressure model case 1, lead screw 6 and nut 4 threaded connection. In the embodiment, two guide rods 5 are arranged in parallel along the drilling direction, a driving motor 9 is fixed on a mounting plate 7 through a bolt, bearing mounting holes are arranged at two ends of the mounting plate 7, a linear bearing 8 is arranged in the bearing mounting holes and fixedly connected with the mounting plate 7 through a bolt, the inner ring of the linear bearing 8 is sleeved on the guide rods 5, so that the driving motor 9 can slide along the guide rods 5, the output shaft of the driving motor 9 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 6, a nut 4 is fixedly arranged on a high-pressure model box 1, the screw rod 6 is in threaded connection with the nut 4, the driving motor 9 drives the screw rod 6 to rotate when rotating, so that the rotary cutter 2 is driven to rotate, the screw rod 6 is in threaded connection with the nut 4, the position of the nut 4 is unchanged, so that the screw rod 6 and the nut 4 rotate relative to the screw rod 6 and the nut 4 can move axially, and the driving motor 9 can drive the rotary cutter 2 to rotate and feed simultaneously through the matching of the nut 4 and the guide rods 5, the drilling of a simulated mining layer is realized, the structure is simple, the weight is light, the operation is reliable in a supergravity environment, the speed of the screw rod 6 moving along the axial direction is determined by the rotating speed of the driving motor 9 and the thread pitch of the screw rod 6, and the thread pitch can be designed according to actual test requirements.
Further, a mounting hole is formed in the high-pressure model box 1, the screw rod 6 penetrates through the mounting hole and extends into the high-pressure model box 1, a composite seal 12 is arranged on the inner side of the high-pressure model box 1 at the mounting hole, and the composite seal 12 is fixed on the high-pressure model box 1 and used for sealing the high-pressure model box 1 and the screw rod 6. Because the driving motor 9 is arranged outside the high-pressure model box 1, the rotary cutter 2 is arranged inside the high-pressure model box 1, the screw rod needs to penetrate through the high-pressure model box 1 to be connected with the rotary cutter 2, the high-pressure model box 1 is in a high-pressure environment, and the high-pressure model box 1 needs to be always kept in the high-pressure environment in the drilling process, in the embodiment, sealing is realized by arranging the composite seal 12 between the screw rod 6 and the high-pressure model box 1, the inside of the high-pressure model box 1 is prevented from being communicated with the outside through the mounting hole, the composite seal 12 is arranged inside the high-pressure model box 1, and the composite seal 12 is sleeved outside the screw rod 6 and is fixed on the high-pressure model box 1 through a bolt.
Further, revolve sword 2 and include cutter arbor 21 and spiral blade 22, spiral blade 22 spiral is fixed on cutter arbor 21, all be provided with the blade on the edge of spiral blade 22 one end and the end of cutter arbor 21, the one end of cutter arbor 21 is provided with fixing base 23, it is used for installing to revolve sword 2 to be provided with the fixed orifices on fixing base 23. The rotary cutter in this embodiment adopts a structure of combining the cutter bar 21 and the spiral blade 22, cutting edges are arranged at one end of the spiral blade 22 and at the end of the cutter bar 21, and can simultaneously cut through two cutting edges during drilling, in this embodiment, the drilling device works in a high gravity field which is hundreds times of the gravity, the working environment is severe, the structure is subjected to a great centrifugal force, the soil to be drilled under the high gravity field is also subjected to a centrifugal force which is hundreds times of the gravity, if a common cylindrical drill rod cannot drill the soil, the soil cannot move in the opposite direction of the centrifugal force, in this embodiment, a spiral cutter is adopted to enable the drilled soil to move in the opposite direction of the centrifugal force, the cutter bar 21 drills, the drilled soil moves in the opposite direction of the centrifugal force along the spiral blade 22, in a specific embodiment, the spiral lead of the spiral blade 22 can be designed according to the magnitude of the centrifugal force so that the friction force of the spiral blade 22 to the soil is greater than the centrifugal force, thereby realizing the drilling of the soil; the cutter bar 21 is fixed on the end of the screw rod 6 through a fixed seat 23.
Further, the cutter barrel 3 is sleeved outside one end, connected with the screw rod 6, of the rotary cutter 2, and the cutter barrel 3 is rotatably arranged on the screw rod 6. The cutter barrel 3 in the embodiment is used for supporting a drilling well, in the prior art, when a rotary-barrel-type drilling tool is adopted, friction force is generated on surrounding mined soil, the friction force can bring additional influence on the stability of a mining layer and cause additional decomposition of natural gas hydrate, so that a larger experimental error is caused; meanwhile, the actual mining process is a mining section and a supporting section; in the embodiment, the rotary cutter 2 is adopted for drilling, the cutter cylinder 3 on the outer side is fed to support the mining section, the cutter cylinder 3 does not rotate to have additional influence on the mining layer, one end of the cutter cylinder 3 is rotatably connected with the screw rod 6, and after the cutter cylinder 3 enters the mining layer, the cutter cylinder 3 is prevented from rotating along with the screw rod 6 due to the static friction force of the contact part of the mining layer, so that the supporting effect can be achieved.
Further, a connecting plate 13 is arranged at one end of the screw rod 6, a ball collar 15 is arranged on the connecting plate 13, one end of the ball collar 15 is fixed on the connecting plate 13, and the other end of the ball collar 15 is fixedly connected with the knife cylinder 3. The rotary connection of the screw rod 6 and the knife cylinder 3 in the embodiment is realized through a ball shaft collar 15, one end of the screw rod 6 is fixed with a connecting plate 13, the connecting plate 13 is sleeved on the screw rod 6, one end of the screw rod 6 is a step rod, the end surface of the connecting plate 13 is abutted against the step of the step, a small-diameter rod of the stepped rod of the screw rod 6 is provided with threads, a fixed nut 14 is connected through the threads to fix the connecting plate 13 on the screw rod 6, one end of a ball collar 15 is fixed on the connecting plate 13 through a bolt, a flange connecting structure is arranged at one end of the knife cylinder 3, the knife cylinder 3 is connected at the other end of the ball shaft collar 15 through a flange, thus realizing the rotary connection of the knife cylinder 3 and the screw rod 6, the cutter barrel 3 is driven to rotate together in the drilling process of the screw rod 6, and the cutter barrel 3 cannot be driven to rotate in the rotating process of the screw rod 6 due to the existence of friction force after the cutter barrel 3 enters a mining layer.
Further, the knife cylinder 3 comprises a supporting cylinder 32 and a storage cylinder 31, the diameter of the storage cylinder 31 is larger than that of the supporting cylinder 32, the storage cylinder 31 is communicated with the supporting cylinder 32, the communicated part is of a conical structure, and the storage cylinder 31 is connected with the ball collar 15. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the supporting cylinder 32 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotary cutter 2, the drilled product is conveyed to the storage cylinder 31 by the spiral blade 22 for storage, an opening is formed in the storage cylinder 31 in this embodiment, the drilled water can flow out through the opening during the simulated mining, and a conical structure is arranged at the connection position of the storage cylinder 31 and the supporting cylinder 32 to move along the drilling well by using the cutter cylinder 3.
Further, a laser displacement sensor 11 is arranged on the connecting rod 10. In the present embodiment, a laser displacement sensor 11 is provided on the connecting rod 10 to detect the drilling distance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the described embodiments, or modify equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention, unless the content of the technical solution of the present invention is departed from.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a hypergravity field natural gas hydrate drilling equipment for simulation mining test which characterized in that: including high-pressure mold box (1), the outside of high-pressure mold box (1) is provided with the support, it is provided with drive arrangement to slide on the support, drive arrangement's output is provided with rotary cutter (2), rotary cutter (2) are located in high-pressure mold box (1).
2. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support comprises a connecting rod (10) and two guide rods (5), the two guide rods (5) are arranged in parallel, one end of each guide rod is fixed on the high-pressure model box (1), and the other ends of the two guide rods (5) are connected through the connecting rod (10).
3. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving device comprises a driving motor (9) and a screw rod (6), the driving motor (9) is fixed on a mounting plate (7), the mounting plate (7) is connected with two guide rods (5) through linear bearings (8) in a sliding mode respectively, the screw rod (6) is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (9), one end of the screw rod (6) is fixed on a rotary cutter (2), a nut (4) is fixed on a high-pressure model box (1), and the screw rod (6) is in threaded connection with the nut (4).
4. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 3, characterized in that: the high-pressure die box is characterized in that a mounting hole is formed in the high-pressure die box (1), the screw rod (6) penetrates through the mounting hole and extends into the high-pressure die box (1), a composite seal (12) is arranged at the position, located at the mounting hole, of the inner side of the high-pressure die box (1), and the composite seal (12) is fixed on the high-pressure die box (1) and used for sealing the high-pressure die box (1) and the screw rod (6).
5. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 1, characterized in that: revolve sword (2) and include cutter arbor (21) and spiral blade (22), spiral blade (22) spiral is fixed on cutter arbor (21), all be provided with the blade on the edge of spiral blade (22) one end and the end of cutter arbor (21), the one end of cutter arbor (21) is provided with fixing base (23), it is used for installing to revolve sword (2) to be provided with the fixed orifices on fixing base (23).
6. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer cover of one end that revolves sword (2) and lead screw (6) and be connected is equipped with a sword section of thick bamboo (3), a sword section of thick bamboo (3) rotate and set up on lead screw (6).
7. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 6, characterized in that: one end of the screw rod (6) is provided with a connecting plate (13), a ball collar (15) is arranged on the connecting plate (13), one end of the ball collar (15) is fixed on the connecting plate (13), and the other end of the ball collar is fixedly connected with the knife cylinder (3).
8. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cutter cylinder (3) comprises a supporting cylinder (32) and a storage cylinder (31), the diameter of the storage cylinder (31) is larger than that of the supporting cylinder (32), the storage cylinder (31) is communicated with the supporting cylinder (32), the communicated part is of a conical structure, and the storage cylinder (31) is connected with the ball collar (15).
9. The drilling device for the hypergravity field natural gas hydrate simulation mining test according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting rod (10) is provided with a laser displacement sensor (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210048943.6A CN114382411A (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2022-01-17 | Drilling device for simulated exploitation test of natural gas hydrate in super-gravity field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210048943.6A CN114382411A (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2022-01-17 | Drilling device for simulated exploitation test of natural gas hydrate in super-gravity field |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118464296A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-08-09 | 江苏华安科研仪器有限公司 | A high-precision three-axis simulation test supergravity protection device |
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