CN114376536A - A detection device and detection method for tissue microcirculation perfusion state - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting a tissue microcirculation perfusion state. The invention applies a known variable pressure to the peripheral tissue and detects the light absorption state of the microcirculation (finger end, toe end, earlobe, thenar, intratracheal mucosa tissue, etc.) of the peripheral tissue; when the light absorption signal is detected to have sudden change (such as sudden disappearance and sudden appearance) in the process of gradually increasing or decreasing the pressure, the blood perfusion state of the tissue microcirculation at the detection part is considered to be interrupted or recovered, and the applied pressure value is the perfusion pressure of the tissue microcirculation at the detection part. The invention provides an effective method and visual parameters for detecting the tissue microcirculation perfusion state, is suitable for various peripheral tissues, and has the advantages of simple and quick detection and no wound, thereby having good application prospect.

Description

A detection device and detection method of tissue microcirculation perfusion state

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and in particular relates to a detection device and a detection method of tissue microcirculation perfusion state.

Background technique

Tissue microcirculatory dysfunction remains a prominent pathophysiological feature under shock conditions, a major cause of hypoxia and insufficient oxygen uptake in refractory regions, and an important determinant of organ failure and mortality outcomes. In clinical practice, the perfusion state of tissue microcirculation is often indirectly estimated by measuring blood pressure or cardiac output. However, maintaining normal systemic circulation parameters does not mean that there is normal tissue microcirculation perfusion. For example, in the period of shock compensation, although the blood pressure is normal, the systemic circulation can be basically maintained, but the microcirculation perfusion has been severely dysfunctional, and even part of the microvascular occlusion has occurred. If not treated in time, it can lead to ischemia and hypoxia damage to organs, and in severe cases can lead to death. Therefore, achieving non-invasive and continuous direct detection of tissue and microcirculation perfusion status is critical for understanding tissue perfusion and oxygenation adequacy, for selecting optimal treatment strategies, and closely related to patient clinical outcomes.

The Chinese invention patent application "CN103961110A Biological Signal Measurement System and Biological Signal Measurement Device" discloses a method for detecting the blood oxygen saturation of an organism by using illumination and light collection. Oxygen saturation can reflect blood supply to living tissue to a certain extent. However, this parameter is still insufficient to directly and comprehensively reflect the perfusion state of tissue microcirculation. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop a technique that can directly detect the perfusion status of tissue microcirculation.

However, due to the physiological complexity and microscopic characteristics of tissue microcirculation perfusion, the current technology cannot directly detect and evaluate the perfusion state in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a detection device and a detection method for the perfusion state of tissue microcirculation, aiming to realize the detection of perfusion pressure of tissue microcirculation.

A detection device for tissue microcirculation perfusion state, comprising: a controller, a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a pressure applying device, the light emitting device and the pressure applying device are respectively connected to the output end of the controller, the light receiving device The device is connected to the input end of the controller;

The light emitting device is used for emitting a light beam to the to-be-detected part of the living body;

The light receiving device is used to receive the outgoing light signal passing through the to-be-detected part or reflected from the to-be-detected part, and the outgoing light signal is composed of two parts: a direct current signal and an alternating current signal;

The pressure applying device is used for applying pressure to the to-be-detected part according to the set pressure magnitude and pressure change rate.

Preferably, the light emitting device is used to emit a near-infrared wavelength light beam to the to-be-detected part of the living body, and the light receiving device is an NIRS sensor.

Preferably, the pressing device is a mechanical pressing device arranged on the clamping mechanism, and the light emitting device and the light receiving device are arranged on the clamping mechanism.

Preferably, the pressing device is an air bag or a water bag, and the light emitting device and the light receiving device are arranged on the outer wall of the air bag or the water bag.

Preferably, a pressure sensor is provided in the pressure applying device.

The present invention also provides a method for detecting tissue microcirculation perfusion state, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: irradiate the to-be-detected part with a light beam, and detect the outgoing light signal of the to-be-detected part in real time; then, use a pressure-applying device to apply a pressure of a known magnitude to the to-be-detected part of the living body, and the applied pressure is according to The set pressure change rate changes gradually;

Step 2, when it is detected that the change of the outgoing light signal satisfies the change of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state and reaches the critical point, the magnitude of the applied pressure at this moment is recorded, that is, the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the to-be-detected part is obtained.

Preferably, in step 2, when one of the following situations occurs, it is determined that the change of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state has reached a critical point:

1) In step 1, the pressure change mode is to gradually decrease, when detecting the moment when the outgoing light signal suddenly appears;

2) In step 1, the pressure change mode is to increase gradually, when it is detected that the peak value of the AC signal in the outgoing light signal drops below 5% or disappears;

3) In step 1, the pressure is changed in a gradually increasing manner, and the moment when the DC signal in the outgoing light signal is detected to decrease to a constant value is detected.

Preferably, step 2 further includes the following operation: when it is detected that the change of the outgoing light signal satisfies the change of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state and reaches a critical point, the feedback adjustment pressure applying device stops continuously increasing the pressure or reducing the pressure.

Preferably, the living body is a human, and the site to be detected is peripheral tissue.

Preferably, the peripheral tissue is finger end, toe end, earlobe, thenar, intratracheal mucosa tissue or skin.

Preferably, in step 1, the light beam is a light beam with a wavelength in the near-infrared range.

The present invention proposes a detection method and device for the first time, which can directly represent the physiological index of tissue microcirculation perfusion state - tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure, that is, the perfusion pressure value of peripheral tissue microcirculation arterial end. The detection principle of the present invention is: the light absorption value of the peripheral tissue microcirculation (finger end, toe end, earlobe, thenar, intratracheal mucosa tissue, etc.) is detected by the light receiving device, and a pressure of known size is applied to the detected local tissue, Gradually change the pressure. When one of the following situations occurs, the pressure applied at this moment is the microcirculation perfusion pressure: 1) When the blood perfusion of the tissue microcirculation that was interrupted by compression suddenly resumes, an outgoing light signal is suddenly generated; 2) The interruption of blood perfusion in tissue microcirculation causes the outgoing optical signal to satisfy the AC signal amplitude less than the threshold or the DC signal to decline to the threshold. The invention can perform real-time non-invasive detection on the microcirculation perfusion pressure state of different parts, and has a good application prospect.

Obviously, according to the above-mentioned content of the present invention, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field, without departing from the above-mentioned basic technical idea of the present invention, other various forms of modification, replacement or change can also be made.

The above content of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the specific implementation in the form of examples. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the connection structure schematic diagram of the detection device of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Among them, 1-light receiving device, 2-light emitting device, 3-pressing device.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, the algorithms for the steps of data acquisition, transmission, storage and processing not specifically described in the embodiments, as well as the hardware structure and circuit connection not specifically described can be implemented by the content disclosed in the prior art.

Embodiment 1 A kind of detection method of tissue microcirculation perfusion state

The method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

Step 1, irradiate the part to be detected with a light beam, and detect the outgoing light signal of the part to be detected in real time; then, a pressure applying device is used to apply a pressure of a known magnitude to the part to be detected of the living body, and the applied pressure is according to the set pressure. The constant pressure change rate gradually increases;

Step 2, when it is detected that one of the following situations occurs in the outgoing light signal, it is determined as the critical point where the tissue microcirculation perfusion state changes:

1) When it is detected that the peak value of the AC signal in the outgoing optical signal drops below 5% or disappears;

2) When it is detected that the DC signal in the outgoing optical signal decreases to a constant value.

At this time, the feedback adjustment pressure application device stops continuously increasing the pressure, and the magnitude of the applied pressure at this moment is recorded, that is, the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the to-be-detected site is obtained.

In this embodiment, the living body is a human being, the site to be detected is peripheral tissue, and the peripheral tissue is finger end, toe end, earlobe, thenar, intratracheal mucosa tissue or skin.

Embodiment 2 A kind of detection method of tissue microcirculation perfusion state

The method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

Step 1, irradiate the part to be detected with a light beam, and detect the outgoing light signal of the part to be detected in real time; then, a pressure applying device is used to apply a pressure of a known magnitude to the part to be detected of the living body, and the applied pressure is according to the set pressure. The fixed pressure change rate gradually decreases;

Step 2, when it is detected that the outgoing light signal occurs in one of the following situations, it is determined that the critical point of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state changes: when the outgoing light signal suddenly appears.

At this time, the feedback adjustment pressure application device stops and continues to reduce the pressure, and the magnitude of the applied pressure at this moment is recorded, that is, the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the to-be-detected site is obtained.

Embodiment 3 A detection device for the perfusion state of tissue microcirculation on the body surface

As shown in FIG. 1 , the detection device of this embodiment includes: a controller, a light emitting device 2 , a light receiving device 1 and a pressure applying device 3 . The light emitting device 2 and the pressing device 3 are respectively connected to the output end of the controller, and the light receiving device 1 is connected to the input end of the controller. As a preferred manner, elements such as a pressure sensor may be provided in the pressure applying device 3 for real-time monitoring of the pressure applied by the pressure applying device 3 .

The controller and other structures can be designed as a whole, or they can be set up separately and connected through the model line. The controller can specifically use a PC or PLC, which is used to control the emission of the light beam and the pressure applied by the pressure device 3, collect the data returned by the light receiving device 1 and the pressure sensor in real time, and determine that the outgoing light signal satisfies the AC signal amplitude is less than the threshold value or When the DC signal decays to the threshold value, the corresponding pressure value is read to obtain the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure value.

The pressure applying device 3 is used for applying pressure to the to-be-detected part according to a set pressure change rate. In this embodiment, the pressing device 3 is a mechanical pressing device arranged on the clamping mechanism, which adjusts the clamping force of the clamping mechanism through a mechanical structure such as a motor, thereby changing the pressure exerted on the part to be detected.

The light emitting device 2 is used for emitting near-infrared wavelength light beams to the part to be detected of the living body;

The light receiving device 1 is an NIRS sensor.

The light-emitting device 2 and the light-receiving device 1 are arranged opposite to the inner side of the clamping mechanism. When the clamping mechanism clamps the part to be detected, the light beam emitted by the light-emitting device 2 passes through the part to be detected and is collected by the light-receiving device 1 . Thereby, the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the peripheral tissue on the body surface can be detected.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection device of the present embodiment when the earlobe is detected.

Example 4 A detection device for tissue microcirculation perfusion of intratracheal mucosal tissue

The basic principle of the detection device of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 3, the difference is that this embodiment is used for the detection of mucosal tissue in the trachea.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the pressure applying device 3 in this embodiment is an air bag or a water bag, and an air inlet pipe or a water inlet pipe is connected to the air bag or the water bag. The pressure sensor in this embodiment is disposed inside the air bag or the water bag, so as to collect the pressure of the air bag or the water bag in real time. The light emitting device 2 and the light receiving device 1 are closely arranged on the outer wall of the air bag or the water bag.

When working in this embodiment, the air bag or water bag is inserted into the trachea, and the volume of the air bag or water bag is changed by air intake or water intake, thereby changing the pressure of the air bag or water bag on the mucosal tissue in the trachea. The light emitting device 2 emits a light beam, and the reflected light is collected by the light receiving device 1, so that the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the mucosal tissue in the trachea can be detected.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a method and device for detecting tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure, which can more intuitively characterize the tissue microcirculation perfusion state. The invention is suitable for various peripheral tissues, has the advantages of simple, rapid and non-invasive detection, and thus has a good application prospect.

Claims (10)

1. A device for detecting the perfusion status of tissue microcirculation, comprising: the device comprises a controller, a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a pressure applying device, wherein the light emitting device and the pressure applying device are respectively connected with the output end of the controller, and the light receiving device is connected with the input end of the controller;

the light emitting device is used for emitting light beams to the part to be detected of the living body;

the light receiving device is used for receiving emergent light signals which penetrate through the part to be detected or are reflected from the part to be detected, and the emergent light signals consist of direct current signals and alternating current signals;

the pressure applying device is used for applying pressure to the part to be detected according to the set pressure magnitude and the pressure change rate.

2. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the light emitting device is used for emitting light beams with near infrared wavelengths to the part to be detected of a living body, and the light receiving device is an NIRS sensor.

3. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the pressing device is a mechanical pressing device arranged on the clamping mechanism, and the light emitting device and the light receiving device are arranged on the clamping mechanism.

4. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure applying device is an air bag or a water bag, and the light emitting device and the light receiving device are arranged on the outer wall of the air bag or the water bag.

5. The sensing device of claim 4, wherein: and a pressure sensor is arranged in the pressure applying device.

6. A method for detecting the perfusion status of tissue microcirculation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, irradiating the part to be detected with a light beam, and detecting an emergent light signal of the part to be detected in real time; then, applying a pressure with a known magnitude to the part to be detected of the living body by using a pressure applying device, wherein the magnitude of the applied pressure gradually changes according to a set pressure change rate;

and 2, when the change of the emergent light signal is detected to meet the condition that the change of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state reaches a critical point, recording the magnitude of the applied pressure at the moment, and obtaining the tissue microcirculation perfusion pressure of the part to be detected.

7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step 2, at a time when one of the following conditions occurs, it is determined that the change in the tissue microcirculation perfusion state reaches a critical point:

1) in the step 1, the pressure is gradually reduced, and when the moment when the emergent light signal suddenly appears is detected;

2) in the step 1, the pressure is gradually increased, and when the peak value of the alternating current signal in the emergent light signal is detected to be reduced to below 5% or disappear;

3) in step 1, the pressure is gradually increased, and when the time when the direct current signal in the emergent light signal is reduced to a constant value is detected.

8. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step 2 also comprises the following operations: when the change of the emergent light signal is detected to meet the condition that the change of the tissue microcirculation perfusion state reaches a critical point, the feedback regulation pressure applying device stops continuously increasing the pressure or reducing the pressure.

9. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the living body is a human, the part to be detected is a peripheral tissue, and the peripheral tissue is a finger end, a toe end, an earlobe, a thenar, an intratracheal mucosal tissue or skin.

10. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step 1, the light beam is a light beam with a wavelength in the near infrared range.

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