CN114370490B - Axial impact resistant short-axial crawler belt walking speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a short axial crawler travel speed reducer resistant to axial impact, which belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and specifically comprises: one end of the supporting shaft is connected with the motor mounting flange, the main bearing group is mounted on the outer diameter surface of the supporting shaft, the bearing seat is sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the main bearing group, the adapter plate is concentrically fixed with the supporting shaft through a plurality of cylindrical pins and screws which are radially distributed, the second-stage annular gear is arranged at one end of the bearing seat, the end cover is arranged at the other end of the second-stage annular gear, and the multistage planetary gear row is mounted at one side of the adapter plate and is in transmission connection with the second-stage annular gear; the hydraulic motor input shaft is in transmission connection with the multistage planetary gear row and penetrates through the motor mounting flange to the support shaft and the adapter plate; the power of the hydraulic motor sequentially passes through the input shaft of the hydraulic motor, the multistage planetary gear row and the secondary annular gear to the bearing seat. The speed reducer designed by the invention can adapt to larger overturning force and axial impact load, and the speed reducer is short in axial dimension, hidden in installation and not easy to be impacted by external force.

Description

Short axial crawler travel reducer with axial impact resistance

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a short axial crawler travel reducer capable of resisting axial impact.

Background Art

The crawler travel reducer is an indispensable key component of the crawler chassis. Its function is to reduce the high-speed power of the hydraulic motor and increase the torque to drive the crawler chassis to travel. It is widely used in hydraulic excavators, crawler cranes, rotary drilling rigs and other engineering machinery. When the vehicle is turning and operating on a side slope, the travel reducer will be subjected to a large axial load impact, causing the main bearing locking mechanism to fail, and then causing the reducer to leak oil or even fail to work; secondly, the operating environment of engineering machinery is harsh, especially in mining operations. If the travel reducer cannot be completely protected by the crawler, its end cover is easily hit by foreign objects, and the internal parts are abnormally compressed by axial impact, causing the reducer gear train to sinter. Enhancing the ability to resist axial impact and anti-smashing can significantly improve the operational adaptability and service life of the crawler travel reducer.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a short axial crawler travel reducer that is resistant to axial impact. The reducer designed by the present invention can adapt to larger axial impact loads to avoid failure of the preload force of the bearing mechanism, while being able to withstand larger overturning forces. The reducer of the present invention has a short axial dimension and is concealed for installation, making it less susceptible to external impact.

Technical solution: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a short axial crawler travel reducer resistant to axial impact, comprising:

A support shaft, a main bearing group installed on the outer diameter surface of the support shaft, a bearing seat sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the main bearing group, an adapter plate fixed concentrically with the support shaft through a plurality of radially distributed cylindrical pins and screws, a secondary internal gear ring arranged at one end of the bearing seat, an end cover arranged at the other end of the secondary internal gear ring, a multi-stage planetary gear row installed on one side of the adapter plate and drivingly connected to the secondary internal gear ring, and a hydraulic motor input shaft drivingly connected to the multi-stage planetary gear row and plugged into the support shaft and the adapter plate; the power of the hydraulic motor passes through the hydraulic motor input shaft, the multi-stage planetary gear row, and the secondary internal gear ring in sequence to the bearing seat;

Among them, a sprocket is provided on the outer diameter of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat, the secondary inner gear ring and the end cover are fixedly connected by a number of radially distributed screws; the main bearing group is arranged between the bearing seat and the support shaft, and an adjustment gasket is provided on one side of the main bearing group. Through the concentric positioning and fixed connection of the adapter plate and the support shaft, the positioning and pre-tightening effect of the main bearing group is achieved, and the type and number of the screws at the connection between the adapter plate and the support shaft are adjusted to adjust the overall axial impact load capacity of the reducer.

In a further embodiment, the multi-stage planetary gear row includes: a third-stage planetary row spline-connected to the outer diameter surface of the adapter plate, a second-stage planetary row arranged at one end of the third-stage planetary row away from the adapter plate, and a first-stage planetary row arranged at the other end of the second-stage planetary row and close to the end cover;

A plurality of gear wear-resistant sheets are embedded in the multi-stage planetary gear row; a plurality of elastic buffer parts are also arranged in the multi-stage planetary gear row.

In a further embodiment, the three-stage planetary gear comprises: a three-stage sun gear inserted on the outer diameter side of the hydraulic motor input shaft and located on one side of the adapter plate, a three-stage planet carrier sleeved on the other end of the adapter plate, and a three-stage planet gear meshed on the outer diameter side of the three-stage sun gear and rotatably mounted on the three-stage planet carrier through a planet pin shaft;

The secondary planetary gear comprises: a secondary sun gear inserted on the input shaft of the hydraulic motor and located at one end of the third-stage sun gear, a secondary planet carrier provided with an inner gear ring at the inner diameter and meshed on the outer diameter side of the third-stage sun gear, and a secondary planetary gear meshed on the outer diameter side of the secondary sun gear and rotatably mounted on the secondary planet carrier through a planetary pin shaft;

The first-stage planetary gear comprises: an input sun gear fixedly connected to the input shaft of the hydraulic motor, a first-stage planet carrier provided with an inner gear ring at the inner diameter and meshed with the outer diameter side of the second-stage sun gear, and a first-stage planetary gear meshed with the outer diameter side of the input sun gear and rotatably mounted on the first-stage planet carrier through a planetary pin shaft; an external spline is radially provided on the outer side of the adapter plate, and the third-stage planet carrier is provided with an internal spline connected to the external spline of the adapter plate.

In a further embodiment, the third-stage sun gear and the second-stage sun gear respectively include: a first gear matched with the planetary gears on both sides and a second gear matched with the planetary carrier, and the first gear and the second gear are coaxially arranged and have different outer diameters.

In a further embodiment, the plurality of elastic buffer members are elastic retaining rings radially arranged at the cooperation positions between the secondary planet carrier, the tertiary planet carrier and the second gear.

In a further embodiment, a primary inner gear ring is provided at the outer diameter of the primary planet carrier, and a concave stop surface matching the end cover is provided on the outer diameter surface of the primary inner gear ring and is fixedly connected to the end cover by a number of radially distributed screws, so that the primary inner gear ring is meshed with the primary planetary gear on the primary planet carrier.

In a further embodiment, the first-stage planetary carrier, the second-stage planetary carrier, and the third-stage planetary carrier are respectively two circular ring plate structures arranged up and down and connected by columns, and overlapping mounting holes are provided on the two circular ring plates of each stage planetary carrier; the first-stage planetary gear, the second-stage planetary gear, and the third-stage planetary gear are respectively installed in the middle of the two circular ring plates and located at the mounting holes, and are respectively connected to the planetary pin shafts passing through the corresponding mounting holes by inserting needle bearings on the inner diameter sides of the first-stage planetary gear, the second-stage planetary gear, and the third-stage planetary gear, and the planetary pin shafts are respectively sleeved and connected to the planetary pin shafts passing through the corresponding mounting holes, and an elastic pin that abuts against the planetary pin shaft is inserted on one side of the penetration point of the mounting hole.

In a further embodiment, the gear wear-resistant sheet comprises: a secondary sun gear wear-resistant sheet and a tertiary sun gear wear-resistant sheet respectively arranged at one end of the inner diameter of the secondary sun gear and one end of the inner diameter of the tertiary sun gear, and a planetary gear wear-resistant sheet arranged at two ends of the needle roller bearing; the axial buffering performance of the end cover, the multi-stage planetary gear row and even multiple components inside the reducer is improved by a plurality of gear wear-resistant sheets, a plurality of elastic buffers and elastic elements;

A countersunk hole is provided inside the end cover, and an end cover wear-resistant sheet is embedded in one end of the countersunk hole, and the end cover wear-resistant sheet abuts against the end cover through an elastic element; the other end of the end cover wear-resistant sheet abuts against the multi-stage planetary gear row, and compresses the elastic element with the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row, and absorbs the impact force by the elastic element;

The countersunk hole is opened on the corresponding side of the input sun gear, and then the other end of the end cover wear plate abuts against the input sun gear, so that the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row is transmitted to the end cover wear plate through the input sun gear.

In a further embodiment, a hydraulic motor mounting flange surface is provided at one end of the support shaft, a frame mounting flange surface is provided on the outside of the hydraulic motor mounting flange surface, and a concave stop surface which is radially provided on the outer diameter surface of the support shaft and is clamped with the bearing seat, and the concave stop surface is located on one side of the frame mounting flange surface; a floating oil seal is provided at the concave stop surface.

In a further embodiment, a sprocket mounting stop flange surface is radially provided on one side surface of the outer diameter of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is assembled with the sprocket through the sprocket mounting stop flange surface; a limiting boss is radially provided on one side surface of the inner diameter of the bearing seat and one side surface of the outer diameter of the support shaft, and the limiting boss limits the main bearing assembly after assembly;

The main bearing group includes: a first main bearing installed on the outer diameter of the support shaft and a second main bearing installed on the outer diameter of the support shaft and located at one end of the first main bearing, and the adjustment gasket is arranged at one end of the second main bearing close to the adapter plate.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) In the present invention, an adjustment gasket is provided on one side of the main bearing assembly, and the support shaft and the adapter plate are concentrically positioned and fastened with the support shaft by means of a plurality of radially distributed cylindrical pins and screws, and the positioning preload force of the main bearing assembly can be adjusted by replacing adjustment gaskets of different thicknesses. During the design, the size, number and strength grade of the adjustment screws can be adjusted according to the axial force on the travel reducer to improve the anti-overturning force and axial impact load capacity of the reducer;

(2) The support shaft and the third-stage planetary carrier are two independent parts, and the second-stage internal gear ring and the bearing seat are also two independent parts. Therefore, during design and assembly, the outer diameter of the third-stage planetary carrier is not limited by the inner diameter of the main bearing assembly, so that the reducer can transmit greater torque within a given radial installation space;

(3) The spline connection between the adapter plate and the third-stage planetary carrier saves the axial dimension of a round nut, effectively shortening the dimension from the reducer end cover to the sprocket mounting surface, allowing the reducer to be completely protected by the track, reducing the probability of foreign objects hitting the end cover, and thus reducing the market failure rate of travel reducers; it solves the problem of the locking nut being easily loosened or the thread being easily damaged in the prior art, and improves the environmental adaptability and reliability of the reducer;

(4) An axial wear clearance compensation and buffer structure is added. The elastic deformation of the elastic element itself is used to compress the axial sun gears at each level and the wear-resistant gaskets between the sun gears at each level. This prevents axial collision of parts when the reducer is impacted by axial load or the end cover is hit, thus playing a buffering role.

(5) The adjustment shim is located between the adapter plate and the second main bearing, and can also adjust the axial preload clearance of the second main bearing, thereby improving the bearing's rolling fatigue life, temperature rise, noise, vibration and other performance;

(6) The wear-resistant sheet made of polymer material is assembled with the mechanical structure. Multiple wear-resistant sheets are respectively provided at the multi-stage planetary gear row and other matching structures, which further play the role of axial impact buffer when the reducer is impacted by axial load or the end cover is hit. Secondly, no wear iron chips are generated, which effectively protects the lubricating oil environment of the reducer and reduces the vibration and noise of the deceleration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is an overall structural diagram of an implementation example of the present invention;

2 is a view in the direction of A of the main bearing preload mechanism of the travel reducer of the present invention;

FIG3 is a three-stage planetary gear structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic exploded view of the connection between the secondary planetary gear and the tertiary sun gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a structural diagram of a first-stage planetary gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the axial wear gap compensation and buffer structure provided at the end cover of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure numerals: support shaft 1, floating oil seal 2, first main bearing 3, second main bearing 4, bearing seat 5, secondary internal gear ring 6, third-stage planetary row 7, third-stage planetary carrier 7-1, third-stage planetary gear 7-3, second-stage planetary row 8, second-stage planetary gear 8-3, second-stage planetary carrier 8-7, end cover 9, first-stage internal gear ring 10, first-stage planetary row 11, first-stage planetary gear 11-2, first-stage planetary carrier 11-6, planetary gear wear plate 12, third-stage sun gear 13, second-stage sun gear wear plate 14, second-stage sun gear 15, third-stage sun gear wear plate 16, end cover wear plate 17, elastic element 18, input sun gear 19, adapter plate 20, adjustment gasket 21, needle roller bearing 22, elastic pin 23, planetary pin shaft 24, elastic retaining ring 25.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to more fully understand the technical content of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further introduced and illustrated in conjunction with specific embodiments below, but is not limited thereto.

The applicant found that the crawler travel reducer is an indispensable key component of the crawler chassis. Its function is to reduce the high-speed power of the hydraulic motor and increase the torque to drive the crawler chassis to travel. It is widely used in hydraulic excavators, crawler cranes, rotary drilling rigs and other engineering machinery. When the vehicle is turning and operating on a side slope, the travel reducer will be subjected to a large axial load impact, causing the main bearing locking mechanism to fail, and then causing the reducer to leak oil or even fail to work; secondly, the operating environment of engineering machinery is harsh, especially in mining operations. If the travel reducer cannot be completely protected by the crawler, its end cover 9 is easily hit by foreign objects, and the internal parts are abnormally compressed by axial impact, resulting in sintering of the reducer gear train. Enhancing the ability to resist axial impact and anti-smashing can significantly improve the operational adaptability and service life of the crawler travel reducer.

And the prior art has the following disadvantages:

1) The integrated structure of the support shaft 1 and the final planetary carrier is compact and has a short axial dimension. It can be well protected by the track during operation, thereby effectively preventing foreign objects from hitting the reducer end cover 9. However, this structure is constrained by the inner diameter of the main bearing, resulting in a small outer diameter of the final planetary carrier, which cannot transmit a large torque and is usually only used for small and medium-sized crawler travel reducers.

2) The support shaft 1 and the final planetary carrier are split structures, and round nuts are usually used to lock the main bearings, which will increase the axial size of the reducer and even cause the end cover 9 to extend beyond the track. It cannot be well protected by the track during operation and is easily hit by foreign objects, causing failures.

3) The structure of the main bearing positioned by the retaining spring cannot bear large axial forces and axial impacts, and cannot preload the main bearing to make it in the optimal working clearance, which will reduce the load-bearing capacity and service life of the main bearing;

4) The structural form of the round nut locking the main bearing has weak ability to relax and resist impact loads, and the locking nut is prone to loosening. Even if an anti-rotation design is added, it can only prevent loosening caused by rotation, and cannot solve the problem that the thread will be damaged when subjected to large axial impact and overturning force.

5) In the prior art, the baffles provided between the end cover 9 and the primary sun gear shaft and between the various sun gears are usually made of steel plates, which have no buffering function for axial impact loads, cannot compensate for axial clearance after abnormal wear, and their iron filings will seriously contaminate the lubricating oil.

In order to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a short-axial crawler travel reducer with axial impact resistance, including: a support shaft 1, a floating oil seal 2, a first main bearing 3, a second main bearing 4, a bearing seat 5, a secondary internal gear ring 6, a third-stage planetary row 7, a third-stage planetary carrier 7-1, a third-stage planetary wheel 7-3, a second-stage planetary row 8, a second-stage planetary wheel 8-3, a second-stage planetary carrier 8-7, an end cover 9, a first-stage internal gear ring 10, a first-stage planetary row 11, a first-stage planetary wheel 11-2, a first-stage planetary carrier 11-6, a planetary wheel wear-resistant plate 12, a third-stage sun gear 13, a second-stage sun gear wear-resistant plate 14, a second-stage sun gear 15, a third-stage sun gear wear-resistant plate 16, an end cover wear-resistant plate 17, an elastic element 18, an input sun gear 19, an adapter plate 20, an adjustment gasket 21, a needle roller bearing 22, an elastic pin 23, a planetary pin shaft 24, and an elastic retaining ring 25.

Among them, one end of the support shaft 1 is connected with the motor mounting flange, the main bearing group is arranged on the outer diameter surface of the support shaft 1, the bearing seat 5 is sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the main bearing group, the adapter plate 20 is fixed concentrically with the support shaft 1 through a number of radially distributed cylindrical pins and screws, the secondary inner gear ring 6 is arranged at one end of the bearing seat 5, and the end cover 9 is arranged at the other end of the secondary inner gear ring 6. The multi-stage planetary gear row is installed on one side of the adapter plate 20 and is transmission-connected with the secondary inner gear ring 6; the hydraulic motor input shaft is transmission-connected with the multi-stage planetary gear row and passes through the motor mounting flange to the support shaft 1 and the adapter plate 20; the power of the hydraulic motor passes through the hydraulic motor input shaft, the multi-stage planetary gear row, the secondary inner gear ring 6 to the adapter plate 20 in sequence. Bearing seat 5; a sprocket is provided on the outer diameter of the bearing seat 5, and the bearing seat 5, the secondary inner gear ring 6, and the end cover 9 are fixedly connected by a number of radially distributed screws; the main bearing group is arranged between the bearing seat 5 and the support shaft 1, and an adjusting gasket 21 is provided on one side of the main bearing group. The concentric positioning and fixed connection with the support shaft 1 by the adapter plate 20 is realized to realize the positioning and pre-tightening effect of the main bearing group, and the positioning and pre-tightening force of the main bearing group can be adjusted by replacing the adjustment gaskets of different thicknesses. In actual application, this embodiment can improve the overall anti-overturning force and axial impact load capacity of the reducer according to the axial force applied to the travel reducer by adjusting the size, number, and strength grade of the screws.

In the prior art, the baffles arranged between the end cover 9 and the primary sun gear shaft and between the various sun gears are usually made of steel plates, which have no buffering function for the axial impact load. Therefore, a countersink is provided inside the end cover 9 in the embodiment of the present invention, and one end of the countersink is embedded in the end cover wear-resistant sheet 17, and the end cover wear-resistant sheet 17 is abutted against the end cover 9 through the elastic element 18; the other end of the end cover wear-resistant sheet 17 is abutted against the multi-stage planetary gear row, and the elastic element 18 is squeezed with the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row, and the elastic element 18 is used to absorb the impact force;

Several gear wear plates are embedded in the multi-stage planetary gear row; several elastic buffers are also provided in the multi-stage planetary gear row. The axial buffering performance of the end cover 9, the multi-stage planetary gear row and even multiple components inside the reducer is improved through several gear wear plates, several elastic buffers and elastic elements 18.

The multi-stage planetary gear row includes: a primary planetary row 11 , a secondary planetary row 8 and a tertiary planetary row 7 .

The third-stage planetary row 7 is spline-connected to the outer diameter surface of the adapter plate 20 , the second-stage planetary row 8 is arranged at one end of the third-stage planetary row 7 away from the adapter plate 20 , and the first-stage planetary row 11 is arranged at the other end of the second-stage planetary row 8 and close to the end cover 9 .

The three-stage planetary gear 7 includes a three-stage sun gear 13, a three-stage planet carrier 7-1 and a three-stage planetary gear 7-3.

The third-stage sun gear 13 is inserted on the outer diameter side of the input shaft and is located on one side of the adapter plate 20.

The third-stage planet carrier 7-1 is arranged at the other end of the adapter plate 20, and the third-stage planet gear 7-3 is meshed with the outer diameter side of the third-stage sun gear 13 and is rotatably mounted on the third-stage planet carrier 7-1 through the planet pin 24;

The secondary planetary gear 8 includes a secondary sun gear 15, a secondary planet carrier 8-7 and a secondary planetary gear 8-3.

The secondary sun gear 15 is inserted into the input shaft of the hydraulic motor and is located at one end of the tertiary sun gear 13. The secondary planet carrier 8-7 is provided with an inner gear ring at the inner diameter thereof and is meshed with the outer diameter side of the tertiary sun gear 13. The secondary planet gear 8-3 is meshed with the outer diameter side of the secondary sun gear 15 and is rotatably mounted on the secondary planet carrier 8-7 through the planet pin 24.

The first-stage planetary gear 11 includes an input sun gear 19 , a first-stage planet carrier 11 - 6 and a first-stage planetary gear 11 - 2 .

The input sun gear 19 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the hydraulic motor. The inner diameter of the primary planet carrier 11-6 is provided with an inner gear ring and is screwed to the outer diameter side of the secondary sun gear 15. The primary planet gear 11-2 is meshed with the outer diameter side of the input sun gear 19 and is rotatably mounted on the primary planet carrier 11-6 through the planet pin 24.

The outer radial side of the adapter plate 20 is provided with an external spline, and the three-stage planetary carrier 7-1 is provided with an internal spline connected to the external spline of the adapter plate 20; when the tracked vehicle is turning, walking on a side slope, performing lateral operations, etc., the vehicle's own weight and the impact load it receives will be transmitted to the bearing seat 5 to the adapter plate 20 through the track sprocket. The overturning force and impact load transmitted through the spline connection between the adapter plate 20 and the three-stage planetary carrier 7-1 are evenly distributed at each tooth root, so that the adapter plate 20 and the planetary carrier are evenly stressed, the total stress-bearing area is large, and the load strength of the internal transmission mechanism and the entire reducer is improved, so that the design can withstand larger overturning forces and axial impact loads.

The third-stage sun gear 13 and the second-stage sun gear 15 respectively include: a first gear that cooperates with the planetary gears on both sides and a second gear that cooperates with the planetary carrier. The first gear and the second gear are coaxially arranged and have different outer diameters, and the second gear is bound to the planetary carrier through a plurality of elastic buffers. The plurality of elastic buffers are elastic retaining rings 25 radially arranged at the cooperation between the second-stage planetary carrier 8-7 and the third-stage planetary carrier 7-1 and the second gear to offset the axial impact force between the inside of the multi-stage planetary gear row.

A primary inner gear ring 10 is provided at the outer diameter of the primary planet carrier 11-6. A concave stop surface matching the end cover 9 is provided on the outer diameter surface of the primary inner gear ring 10, and the primary inner gear ring 10 is fixedly connected to the end cover 9 by a number of radially distributed screws. After the end cover is assembled with the secondary inner gear ring 6, the bearing seat 5, the support shaft 1, the adapter plate 20, and the multi-stage planetary gear row, the primary inner gear ring 10 is meshed with the primary planetary gear 11-2 on the primary planet carrier 11-6.

The first-stage planetary frame 11-6, the second-stage planetary frame 8-7, and the third-stage planetary frame 7-1 are respectively two circular plate structures arranged up and down and connected by columns, and overlapping mounting holes are provided on the two circular plates of any planetary frame; the first-stage planetary gear 11-2, the second-stage planetary gear 8-3, and the third-stage planetary gear 7-3 are respectively installed in the middle of the two circular plates and located at the mounting holes, and the planetary pins 24 passing through the corresponding mounting holes are respectively connected by needle bearings 22 inserted in the inner diameter sides of the first-stage planetary gear 11-2, the second-stage planetary gear 8-3, and the third-stage planetary gear 7-3, and the planetary pins 24 are inserted in the planetary pins 24 and the side of the mounting hole through which the elastic pins 23 abutting against the pins are inserted.

The gear wear-resistant sheet comprises: a secondary sun gear wear-resistant sheet 14 and a tertiary sun gear wear-resistant sheet 16 respectively arranged at one end of the inner diameter of the secondary sun gear 15 and one end of the inner diameter of the tertiary sun gear 13, and a planetary gear wear-resistant sheet 12 arranged at the two ends of the needle roller bearing 22; when the reducer is subjected to axial load impact or the end cover 9 is hit, it further plays an axial impact buffering role; secondly, the gear wear-resistant sheet in the present invention is made of polymer material, and no wear iron filings are generated during long-term use, which effectively protects the lubricating oil environment of the reducer while reducing the vibration and noise of the deceleration.

The countersunk hole is opened on the corresponding side of the input sun gear 19 , and then the other end of the end cover wear plate 17 abuts against the input sun gear 19 , so that the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row is transmitted to the end cover wear plate 17 through the input sun gear 19 .

A hydraulic motor mounting flange surface is provided at one end of the support shaft 1, a frame mounting flange surface is provided on the outside of the hydraulic motor mounting flange surface, and a recessed stop surface which is radially provided on the outer diameter surface of the support shaft 1 and is engaged with the bearing seat 5, and the recessed stop surface is located on one side of the frame mounting flange surface; a floating oil seal 2 is provided at the recessed stop surface.

A sprocket mounting flange surface is radially provided on one side of the outer diameter of the bearing seat 5, and the bearing seat 5 is assembled with the sprocket through the sprocket mounting flange surface; a limiting boss is radially provided on one side of the inner diameter of the bearing seat 5 and one side of the outer diameter of the support shaft 1, respectively, and the limiting boss limits the main bearing assembly after assembly;

The main bearing group includes: a first main bearing 3 installed on the outer diameter of the support shaft 1 and a second main bearing 4 installed on the outer diameter of the support shaft 1 and located at one end of the first main bearing 3. An adjustment gasket 21 is provided at one end of the second main bearing 4 close to the adapter plate 20. By adjusting the gasket 21, the axial preload clearance of the second main bearing 4 can be adjusted.

Working principle:

The support shaft 1 is fastened to the hydraulic motor and the crawler chassis frame through the hydraulic motor mounting stop flange and the frame mounting stop flange, and the bearing seat 5 is fastened to the crawler sprocket, which is an output rotating part; the power of the hydraulic motor passes through the hydraulic motor input shaft, the multi-stage planetary gear row, the secondary internal gear ring 6 to the bearing seat 5 in sequence; when the crawler vehicle is turning, walking on a side slope, doing lateral operations, etc., the vehicle's own weight and the impact load it receives will be transmitted to the bearing seat 5 through the crawler sprocket, causing it to bear a large overturning force and axial impact load, and the overturning force and axial impact load it receives will be transmitted to the adapter plate 20 in the main bearing preload mechanism through the second bearing. Since the adapter plate 20 is splined with the third-stage planetary carrier 7-1, each tooth is evenly stressed and has high strength, so that the internal load-bearing capacity of the reducer is strong, so that this design can withstand a large overturning force and axial impact load;

The countersunk hole is opened on the corresponding side of the input sun gear 19, and then the other end of the end cover wear plate 17 abuts against the input sun gear 19, so that the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row is transmitted to the end cover wear plate 17 through the input sun gear 19;

The other end of the end cover wear-resistant sheet 17 abuts against the multi-stage planetary gear row, and compresses the elastic element 18 along with the axial impact force borne by the multi-stage planetary gear row, and utilizes the elastic element 18 to absorb the impact force;

Several gear wear plates are embedded in the multi-stage planetary gear row, and several elastic buffers are arranged inside the multi-stage planetary gear row. The axial buffering performance of the end cover 9, the multi-stage planetary gear row and even multiple components inside the reducer is improved by the several gear wear plates, the several elastic buffers and the elastic element 18.

The present invention adds an axial wear clearance compensation and buffer structure, and utilizes the elastic deformation of the elastic element 18 itself to compress the axial sun gears of each level and the wear-resistant gaskets between each level of the sun gears, so as to avoid axial collision of parts when the reducer is subjected to axial load impact or the end cover 9 is hit, thereby playing a buffering role; the support shaft 1 and the third-stage planetary carrier 7-1 are two independent parts, and the second-stage inner gear ring 6 and the bearing seat 5 are also two independent parts. Therefore, during design and assembly, the outer diameter size of the third-stage planetary carrier 7-1 is not limited by the inner diameter of the main bearing group, so that the reducer can transmit a larger torque within a given radial installation space; the spline connection between the adapter plate 20 and the third-stage planetary carrier 7-1 saves the axial size of a round nut, effectively shortens the size of the reducer end cover 9 to the sprocket mounting surface, and makes the reducer hidden inside the crawler and thus completely protected by the crawler, reducing the probability of foreign objects hitting the end cover 9, thereby reducing the market failure rate of the walking reducer; it solves the problem of the locking nut capacity in the prior art The problem of easy loosening or easy damage of threads is solved, and the environmental adaptability and reliability of the reducer are improved; in the present invention, the support shaft 1 and the adapter plate 20 are concentrically positioned and fastened to the support shaft 1 through a number of radially distributed cylindrical pins and screws, so as to realize the pre-tightening of the main bearing group; when designing, the size, number and strength grade of the screws can be adjusted according to the axial force borne by the travel reducer to improve the anti-overturning force and axial impact load capacity; an adjustment gasket 21 is designed between the adapter plate 20 and the second main bearing 4, which can adjust the axial pre-tightening clearance of the second main bearing 4; the wear-resistant plate made of polymer material is assembled with the mechanical structure, and a plurality of wear-resistant plates are respectively provided at the multi-stage planetary gear row and other matching structures, which further play an axial impact buffering role when the reducer is subjected to axial load impact or the end cover 9 is hit; secondly, no wear iron filings are generated, which effectively protects the lubricating oil environment of the reducer while reducing the vibration and noise of the deceleration.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a short axial track walking speed reducer of anti axial impact which characterized in that includes:

The hydraulic motor comprises a support shaft, a main bearing group arranged on the outer diameter surface of the support shaft, a bearing seat sleeved on the outer diameter surface of the main bearing group, a switching disc concentrically fixed with the support shaft through a plurality of cylindrical pins and screws which are radially distributed, a second-stage annular gear arranged at one end of the bearing seat, an end cover arranged at the other end of the second-stage annular gear, a multistage planetary gear row arranged at one side of the switching disc and in transmission connection with the second-stage annular gear, and a hydraulic motor input shaft in transmission connection with the multistage planetary gear row and in plug-in connection with the support shaft and the switching disc; the power of the hydraulic motor sequentially passes through the input shaft of the hydraulic motor, the multistage planetary gear row and the secondary annular gear to the bearing seat;

The outer diameter of the bearing seat is provided with a chain wheel, and the bearing seat, the secondary annular gear and the end cover are fixedly connected through a plurality of radially distributed screws; the main bearing group is arranged between the bearing seat and the supporting shaft, one side of the main bearing group is provided with an adjusting gasket, the main bearing group is realized to realize the positioning pre-tightening effect through the concentric positioning and the fixed connection of the adapter plate and the supporting shaft, and the type and the number of the bolts at the joint of the adapter plate and the supporting shaft are adjusted for adjusting the integral axial impact load capacity of the speed reducer;

The multi-stage planetary gear row includes: the third-stage planetary row is in spline connection with the outer diameter surface of the adapter plate, the second-stage planetary row is arranged at one end of the third-stage planetary row far away from the adapter plate, and the first-stage planetary row is arranged at the other end of the second-stage planetary row and is close to the end cover;

A plurality of gear wear plates are embedded in the multistage planetary gear row; a plurality of elastic buffer pieces are arranged in the multistage planetary gear row; the gear wear-resistant sheet is made of a high polymer material, and the wear-free scrap iron is used for protecting the lubricating oil environment of the speed reducer and reducing vibration and noise of speed reduction at the same time;

The three-stage planetary gear set comprises: the three-stage planetary gear is meshed with the outer diameter side of the three-stage sun gear and is rotatably arranged on the three-stage planetary gear through a planetary pin shaft;

The secondary planet row includes: the second-stage planetary gear is meshed with the outer diameter side of the second-stage sun gear and is rotatably arranged on the second-stage planetary gear through a planetary pin shaft;

The primary planet row includes: the input sun gear is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the hydraulic motor, the inner diameter of the input sun gear is provided with an annular gear, the primary planet carrier is meshed with the outer diameter side of the secondary sun gear, and the primary planet gear is meshed with the outer diameter side of the input sun gear and is rotatably arranged on the primary planet carrier through a planet pin shaft; the outer part of the adapter plate is radially provided with an external spline, and the three-stage planet carrier is provided with an internal spline connected with the external spline of the adapter plate; the spline connection of the adapter plate and the three-stage planet carrier saves the axial dimension of a round nut, effectively shortens the dimension from the end cover of the speed reducer to the installation surface of the chain wheel, enables the speed reducer to be hidden inside the crawler belt and thus to be completely shielded by the crawler belt, reduces the probability of the end cover being hit by foreign objects, and further reduces the market failure rate of the walking speed reducer;

The three-stage sun gear and the two-stage sun gear respectively comprise: the first gear is matched with the planet gears on two sides, and the second gear is matched with the planet carrier, and the first gear and the second gear are coaxially arranged and have different outer diameter sizes;

The elastic buffer pieces are elastic check rings radially arranged at the matching positions of the secondary planet carrier, the tertiary planet carrier and the second gear respectively;

The first-stage planetary carrier, the second-stage planetary carrier and the third-stage planetary carrier are respectively of two annular plate structures which are arranged up and down and are connected through upright posts, and the two annular plates of each stage of planetary carrier are provided with coincident mounting holes; the first-stage planetary gear, the second-stage planetary gear and the third-stage planetary gear are respectively arranged between the two corresponding annular plates and positioned at the mounting holes, and are respectively sleeved with a planetary pin shaft penetrating through the corresponding mounting holes through needle bearings inserted into the inner diameter sides of the first-stage planetary gear, the second-stage planetary gear and the third-stage planetary gear, and an elastic pin abutting against the planetary pin shaft is inserted into one side of the penetrating position of the planetary pin shaft and the mounting holes;

The gear wear pad includes: the second-stage sun gear wear-resisting piece and the third-stage sun gear wear-resisting piece are respectively arranged at one end of the inner diameter of the second-stage sun gear and one end of the inner diameter of the third-stage sun gear, and the planet wheel wear-resisting piece is arranged at two ports of the needle roller bearing; the speed reducer further plays a role in axial collision buffering when being impacted by axial load or the end cover is crashed;

A counter bore is formed in the inner side of the end cover, one end of the counter bore is embedded with an end cover wear pad, and the end cover wear pad is abutted with the end cover through an elastic element; the other end of the end cover wear-resistant piece is abutted with the multistage planetary gear row and extrudes the elastic element along with the axial impact force born by the multistage planetary gear row, and the elastic element is used for absorbing the impact force;

The counter bores are formed in the corresponding sides of the input sun gear, and the other end of the end cover wear plate is abutted against the input sun gear, so that axial impact force born by the multistage planetary gear row is transmitted to the end cover wear plate through the input sun gear; finally, the elastic deformation of the elastic element is utilized to compress the axial sun gears at all levels and the wear-resistant gaskets among the sun gears at all levels, so that the axial collision of parts is avoided when the speed reducer is impacted by axial load or the end cover is crashed, and the buffering effect is achieved.

2. The axial impact resistant short-axial crawler belt walking speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein a primary annular gear is arranged at the outer diameter of the primary planet carrier, a concave spigot surface matched with the end cover is arranged on the outer diameter surface of the primary annular gear, and the concave spigot surface is fixedly connected with the end cover through a plurality of screws distributed in the radial direction, so that the primary annular gear is meshed with the primary planet gears on the primary planet carrier.

3. The axial impact resistant short axial crawler belt walking speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein one end of the supporting shaft is provided with a hydraulic motor mounting flange surface, a frame mounting flange surface is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic motor mounting flange surface, a concave spigot surface which is clamped with a bearing seat is radially arranged on the outer diameter surface of the supporting shaft, and the concave spigot surface is positioned on one side of the frame mounting flange surface; and a floating oil seal is arranged at the concave spigot surface.

4. The axial impact resistant short axial crawler belt traveling speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein a sprocket mounting spigot flange surface is radially arranged on one side surface of the outer diameter of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is assembled with a sprocket through the sprocket mounting spigot flange surface; limiting bosses are radially arranged on one side surface of the inner diameter of the bearing seat and one side surface of the outer diameter of the supporting shaft respectively, and limit the main bearing group after assembly;

The main bearing set includes: the adjusting gasket is arranged at one end of the second main bearing close to the rotating disc and is used for adjusting axial pre-tightening clearance of the second main bearing.