CN114364088B - A lighting system, method and application thereof for construction engineering - Google Patents
A lighting system, method and application thereof for construction engineering Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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Abstract
A lighting system, a method and an application thereof for constructional engineering comprise a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set. The energy-saving illumination model constructed by the invention controls the working state of a tunnel illumination system, can realize illumination electricity saving, adopts a bidirectional DC/DC module to realize energy bidirectional transmission, ensures that the switching of the current transmission direction is more rapid, adjusts the duty ratio according to the requirement to control the independent working state of a lamp group of the tunnel illumination system, can realize illumination electricity saving, increases the control strategy adopted for emergency fire events in a tunnel, improves the safety of the tunnel, and respectively sets energy storage equipment at the inlet end and the outlet end of the tunnel, thereby realizing green and environment protection through the switching between the mains supply and the energy storage equipment according to the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lighting system, in particular to a lighting control system and method applied to a highway tunnel in building engineering and application thereof, belonging to the field of building photoelectric control.
Background
Under the promotion of the high-speed development of modern science and technology and the promotion of social economy, the intelligent conversion of building electricity has become the main development direction of the current building, and in order to further reduce the energy consumption generated by the building, the effective fusion between the intelligent building electricity and the energy-saving design concept must be promoted. Therefore, the related staff is required to stand on the angle of the building project as much as possible, and follow the basic sustainable development concept, and the key points of the electric intelligent design are clear, so that a more perfect intelligent building system is established, and the advantages and effects of the intelligent building are exerted to the greatest extent.
In the prior art, as disclosed in China patent, publication No. CN101713512A discloses a highway tunnel light source lighting system, wherein a lighting source with a color rendering index being greater than or equal to 75 is adopted in the lighting system, the lighting source is a white light LED lamp, the highway tunnel is sequentially divided into an inlet section, a transition section, a middle section and an outlet section, the white light LED lamp comprises a basic lighting lamp and an enhanced lighting lamp, the enhanced lighting lamp is arranged at the inlet section, the transition section and the outlet section, and the basic lighting lamp is arranged at the middle section. The Chinese patent publication No. CN108650734A discloses a novel energy-saving tunnel lighting control system, which is characterized by comprising an intelligent energy-saving control module, a traffic information detector, an RS485 bus communication module and a plurality of lighting units, wherein the traffic information detector is used for detecting whether a vehicle passes through a tunnel or not and is electrically connected with a signal input end of the intelligent energy-saving control module, the RS485 bus communication module is used for receiving signals output by the intelligent energy-saving control module and transmitting the signals to the lighting units, the multi-point data transmission and networking functions are realized, the lighting units are used for adjusting the brightness of LED lamp groups in the tunnel, the lighting units are connected in parallel and are electrically connected with a signal output end of the RS485 bus communication module, and the intelligent energy-saving control module is used for receiving the traffic situation of the vehicle, The conditions such as real-time illumination intensity in the tunnel are calculated and processed to generate corresponding signals to control the opening and brightness adjustment of the tunnel lamp group, and the signal output end of the tunnel lamp group is electrically connected with the RS485 bus communication module; the Chinese patent application, publication number is CN104684215A, discloses an intelligent street lamp control system, which consists of a remote monitoring center, a GPRS unit, a street lamp controller, a data acquisition unit, a ZigBee wireless communication module and a plurality of groups of street lamp nodes. The remote monitoring center performs unified management on the whole street lamp control system, and comprises the steps of selecting a working mode, and collecting and monitoring environmental parameters. The data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring surrounding environment parameters including parameters such as temperature, humidity, illumination, haze and the like. The system comprises a road lamp controller, a remote monitoring center, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a motion state sensor, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a ZigBee wireless Mesh network, a data center line type sensor and a street lamp controller, wherein the remote monitoring center is in bidirectional communication with the road lamp controller through a public network GPRS, the control command transmission of the remote monitoring center and the transmission of acquired environmental parameters are included, the road lamp nodes are in self-networking through the ZigBee wireless Mesh network, the ZigBee wireless communication module is distributed in a road section and comprises a ZigBee coordinator and a plurality of ZigBee terminals arranged on the road lamp nodes to form a ZigBee wireless Mesh network, the ZigBee coordinator receives commands of the road lamp controller through a serial port to control the ZigBee terminal, a channel and a network number are automatically selected to establish a network after the ZigBee coordinator is electrified, the ZigBee terminal is added into the established network and is responsible for controlling and driving a road lamp switch according to the commands of the ZigBee coordinator, the motion state sensor is arranged on each road lamp node in the road section, the road lamp node is used for measuring the passing pedestrian and vehicle motion state, the road lamp is communicated with the road lamp controller through the data center line type, and the road lamp controller controls the road lamp state according to a set program through the ZigBee wireless Mesh network. In addition, in the literature (design of intelligent illumination control system based on singlechip) (electronic production, for 12 months in 2021, check sources, etc.), the intelligent illumination control system adopts STM32F103C8T6 singlechip as a main control chip of the system, adopts diffuse reflection photoelectric sensors to realize indoor people number measurement, and photosensitive sensors to realize indoor illumination intensity measurement, and a serial screen displays date and time, people number and other data. The document 'design of a high-speed Jin Guzhuang extra-long spiral tunnel intelligent lighting control system (scientific wind' 2021, 12 months, zhifeng and the like) aims at the defects of over high energy consumption, high labor cost, low intelligent degree and the like commonly existing in the current urban road lighting, and a set of road lighting control system mainly comprising an upper computer client, a 4G/RF gateway and an LED single lamp controller is designed by combining a 4G public network and a wireless communication technology, and the system realizes the functions of remote manual or automatic control of a street lamp, state monitoring of the street lamp, and street lamp-environment coordination and the like. The literature (Xingyangjiu highway tunnel lighting system analysis and simulation design) (technology (2018, month 5, gao Zhiquan, etc.) selects a novel stepless adjustable energy lamp on the basis of the traditional highway tunnel lighting design, and shows Fan Yingyong in Xingyangjiu newly built in Beijing). By utilizing DIAux software light environment simulation functions, data development optimization intelligent control algorithms for simulating different powers and interval arrangement of the ying and city tunnel model lamps are adopted, and a self-adaptive energy-saving control mode for improving tunnel illumination is adopted. The technical scheme is characterized in that the design and application of a special tunnel intelligent lighting control scheme (12 th period, tian Nuoyu th period and the like in 2018 of China traffic informatization) is studied from the design and practical application of the special tunnel intelligent lighting control scheme of an expressway, and the design and the practical application scheme of a scientific and reasonable control loop are provided by combining engineering field reality and comprehensive analysis in long-term consideration of operation, maintenance and the like in terms of electrodeless dimming control loop setting, network architecture and the like. The literature (44 th volume, 1 st period 2021 nd month) discloses a tunnel lighting control system research based on LED light color dynamic adjustment, which firstly takes warm white light, green light and cold white light as three primary colors to deduce a light color dynamic adjustment model of three-channel PWM dimming, secondly, according to the overall system architecture, the hardware circuit is specifically designed and selected, meanwhile, the development of a color temperature adjustment program of an upper computer control platform and a lower computer is completed, and finally, a control system experiment platform is built to simulate and verify the LED light color dynamic adjustment effect.
However, the above prior art does not provide a detailed control strategy to facilitate construction, especially in highway culverts or tunnels (note: urban street lamp illumination is different from highway tunnel control strategy), and the technical scheme of energy saving, high efficiency, rationality and safety of public transportation construction is realized by adopting no control strategy such as realizing the complementary power supply of commercial power and green energy source by natural green energy source or realizing the bidirectional energy transmission by adopting no double inverters, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a tunnel lighting system, which is applied to highway culverts and tunnels to solve the defects in the background technology, and the technical scheme is as follows:
The lighting system for the building engineering is characterized by comprising a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp group,
The remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, a tunnel illumination control platform is developed based on LabVIEW software, and comprises a plurality of control subroutines for realizing control with a remote controlled object;
The GPRS remote communication network consists of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, and is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by a remote control center and then sending the control instruction to the main controller;
the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port;
The ZigBee wireless communication module is used for enabling the main controller to enable the control instruction to reach the sub-controllers through the ZigBee network;
The sub-controller receives information of the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication network on one hand, outputs multiple paths of independent PWM control signals to control the driving power supply of the lighting lamp set according to the received information on the other hand, and adjusts the color temperature and luminous flux of the lighting lamp set;
the conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set is provided with a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function, wherein the lighting lamp set adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor;
and the power supply module comprises a mains supply and a green energy storage power, and the mains supply and the green energy storage power realize the switching power supply of the functional modules in the system through a control switch.
The solar energy storage device comprises an energy storage device arranged at an entrance end and an exit end of a tunnel, and has the specific structure that the solar energy storage device comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a main controller module, a solar tracking device and the like, wherein the main controller module carries out data processing on environment information collected by the temperature and humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor and the time sensor so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment, the photoelectric solar tracking sensor is used for sensing the intensity of sunlight and intelligently searching light, and the photoelectric sensor is used for transmitting solar positioning information at different moments to the main controller module through analog/digital conversion so as to determine the light intensity and the light position information, and further control the direct current motor to drive the lighting module to always face the sun.
Preferably, the LED lamp group adopts a bidirectional DC/DC module, and the bidirectional DC/DC module realizes bidirectional energy transmission by only changing the current flow direction of the DC/DC module under the condition of not changing the polarities of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the current transmission direction is switched more rapidly.
The signal transmission of the bidirectional DC/DC module is preferably realized by adopting an RS-232 serial communication module, wherein the RS-232 serial communication interface is a chip CC2530, and a bidirectional communication mode between the modules is established by utilizing the conversion level of a MAX232CSE chip.
The LED lamp group can be independently controlled through a sub-controller, the sub-controller collects the information of the voltage, the current, the power factor, the ambient light brightness and the traffic flow of the illumination/emergency lamp through a sensor, and uploads the information to the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication module, and meanwhile, 0-10V dimming signals are output to control the brightness of the illumination/emergency lamp.
Advantageous effects
The working state of the tunnel lighting system is controlled by using the constructed energy-saving lighting model, so that lighting electricity can be saved.
The bidirectional DC/DC module is adopted, so that energy bidirectional transmission can be realized by changing the current flow direction of the converter under the condition that the polarities of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module are not changed, and the current transmission direction is switched more rapidly.
According to the established energy-saving illumination model, the dimming voltage of the lamp can be adjusted to be between 0 and 10V by adjusting the duty ratio to eta as required, and the independent working state of the lamp group of the tunnel illumination system is controlled, so that illumination electricity can be saved.
The control strategy adopted for the sudden fire accident in the tunnel is increased, and the security of the tunnel is improved.
Energy storage devices are respectively arranged at the entrance end and the exit end of the tunnel, and green and environment-friendly effects are realized through switching between the mains supply and the energy storage devices according to requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a PWM/voltage conversion circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the tunnel lighting system of the present invention comprises a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set, a component controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller, a GPRS module, a power supply module and a remote control center,
The remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, and develops a tunnel illumination control platform based on LabVIEW software, wherein the tunnel illumination control platform comprises an LED light color dynamic adjustment subprogram, a LabVIEW TCP/IP communication transmission subprogram, a tunnel different-path brightness adjustment subprogram and the like.
The GPRS remote communication network is composed of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, and is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by the upper computer and then sending the control instruction to the main controller.
And the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port.
The ZigBee wireless communication network adopts a star network structure, a main controller end is provided with a ZigBee coordinator, and each LED lamp is provided with a ZigBee terminal node, namely a one-to-many communication mode. The main controller sends the control command to the sub-controllers through the ZigBee network. The star network is suitable for short tunnels, when the actual tunnels are long tunnels and extra-long tunnels, the ZigBee wireless network is built by adopting a tree network structure or a mesh network structure, and a plurality of ZigBee routers are added in the star network structure.
And the sub-controller receives information of the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication network on one hand, outputs multiple paths of independent PWM control signals to control the LED driving power supply according to the received information on the other hand, and adjusts the color temperature and luminous flux of the LED lamp group.
The conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set comprises a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function, and the lighting lamp set adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor.
And the power supply module comprises a mains supply and a green energy storage power, and the mains supply and the green energy storage power realize the switching power supply of the functional modules in the system through a control switch.
The tunnel lighting control system of the invention firstly uses the constructed energy-saving lighting model to control the working state of the tunnel lighting system, thereby realizing the design principle of saving lighting power.
The invention starts from the static temperature utility function and the static time utility function, and analyzes whether the leveling temperature in the tunnel is matched with the working state of the lighting lamp on a certain time section. The static temperature utility function quantifies the working temperature of the lighting equipment in the tunnel according to the relation between the expected temperature and the actual temperature, and the formula is as follows:
Wherein: the value is a static temperature utility function value of the lighting equipment i at the time T, T t is equipment temperature at the time T, [ T 1,T2 ] is an expected temperature interval, and k is a static temperature utility drop coefficient. When T t∈[T1,T2 is, utility value is 1, when T t<T1 or T t>T2 is, under the action of parameter k, temperature utility value is reduced, at this time k is E (0, 1), the smaller parameter k is, the faster the temperature utility value is reduced, then the static time utility function is utilized to quantify the running state of the lighting equipment at a certain moment, and the calculation result is:
Wherein: The static time utility number of the lighting device i at the time T is shown as [ T min,tmax ] which is the expected use time of the lighting, and [ T 1,T2 ] which is the actual on time of the lighting.
The time utility function value is 0 when the emergency lighting is turned off, and is 1 when the conventional lighting is operated normally. Through the calculation, the tunnel illumination power utilization state is determined.
And constructing an energy-saving illumination model of tunnel illumination according to the calculation result. A regular lighting device b is selected as a study object, s is used for representing an influence area of the regular lighting device, X is used for representing all node sets in the influence area, and X i is used for representing a certain power utilization node X i epsilon X, i=1, 2. At any instant in time, the active state of each node may be denoted as a (x i, t), the active set is denoted as Bs (t), then Bs (t) = [ a (x 1, t), a (x 2, t), a (xn, t) ] is present, and the set of conventional lighting devices b is denoted as db= { D 1b,D2b,…,Dn b }. Wherein, the real-time running state is denoted as d b (t), and the real-time power is denoted as P b (t). The set of operating states of the conventional lighting device b is D b (0, ta) in the period (0, ta). The time t affects the area s and affects the electricity utilization scene of the conventional lighting device b, so that the scene parameter set in the state is denoted as C b, s, and in the time period (0, ta) and the area s, all scene parameter state sets affecting the electricity utilization of the conventional lighting device b are denoted as C b, s (0, ta). The power utilization effect obtained by combining the calculation is used for taking energy conservation as a main aim, the running state of the electric appliance is dynamically optimized, the electric energy consumption of the equipment is controlled to be within the minimum value in a specified time period, and meanwhile, the running state of the conventional lighting equipment can be ensured. Assuming that the power consumption value is H b (0, ta) in the period (0, ta), the energy saving optimization objective function is calculated as:
at this time, if there are conventional lighting devices having the same power consumption effect, combination optimization is required. Therefore, according to the set parameters, the objective function is optimized again in the same time interval:
in summary, the tunnel energy-saving illumination model is:
Wherein Bs () is an active state set of all nodes in a period, t 0-(t0+ta) is a certain period, D b (t) is an operation state of tunnel equipment b at a certain moment, D b (t) is an operation state of tunnel equipment b at a certain moment, cb, s (t) is a scene parameter state set of all the influence circuits b in a region s at a certain moment, and minH b(t0,t0+ta) is minimum electric energy consumption in a certain period. The working state of the tunnel lighting system is controlled by using the constructed energy-saving lighting model, so that lighting electricity can be saved.
The following details the specific structure of the functional control module involved in the lighting control system of the present invention:
The design of a bidirectional DC/DC module and a communication module control strategy thereof are adopted:
Because the DC/DC module in the existing building tunnel lighting system adopts a single-phase working mode, the energy in the DC/DC module can only flow unidirectionally under the influence of the power transmission diode, and the reverse circulation of the energy is limited, so that the use of the energy in the energy bidirectional flow occasion is also limited. If the tunnel lighting system keeps unidirectional DC/DC modules in the original system, the unidirectional DC-DC converter A and the unidirectional DC-DC converter B are built in an anti-parallel mode, and the complexity of the lighting system circuit is increased by too many devices, so that the bidirectional DC/DC module replaces 2 unidirectional DC/DC modules to realize bidirectional flow of energy, and the bidirectional DC/DC module can realize bidirectional transmission of energy only by changing the current flow direction of the converter under the condition that the polarities of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module are not changed, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is more rapid.
In order to ensure the working smoothness of the bidirectional DC-DC converter, serial communication modules of the lighting system are redesigned, wherein an RS-232 serial communication interface is USART0 and USART1 of a chip CC2530, the USART0 adopts an asynchronous UART mode, the USART1 adopts a synchronous serial peripheral interface (SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE, SPI) mode, the chip CC2530 adopts a transistor-transistor logic level, the designed serial communication module follows the RS-232 level, so that the two modules cannot be directly connected, the level is converted by using a MAX232CSE chip, then the bidirectional communication mode between the modules is established, and 4 ceramic chip capacitors of 0.1 mu F are added to peripheral circuits of the MAX232CSE chip.
Individual control strategy for lighting/emergency light group:
The invention can realize independent control on the lighting/emergency lamp group in the tunnel through the sub-controller, the sub-controller collects the voltage, current and power factor of the lighting/emergency lamp, the ambient light brightness and the traffic flow information through the sensor, and uploads the information to the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication module, and simultaneously outputs 0-10V dimming signals to control the brightness of the lighting/emergency lamp. The lighting/emergency lamp adopts 0-10V analog direct current voltage dimming, and meanwhile, a group of lighting/emergency lamps (at least 2 lighting or emergency lamps) needs to be controlled by the sub-controllers, so that the invention uses PWM to generate 0-10V direct current voltage in a mode of simulating a DAC through an RC low-pass filter, and the circuit is shown in figure 2. The sub-controller generates PWM signals with the frequency of 150Hz by using a timer TIM2, and obtains average voltage after filtering by a low-pass filter formed by R3 and C2 When the high level of the PWM signal is Vh and the duty ratio is eta, the average voltage is calculatedThe method comprises the following steps:
the operational amplifier forms an in-phase proportional amplifying circuit pair Amplifying, and outputting the dimming voltage to the illuminating lamp/emergency lamp as follows:
Therefore, according to the established energy-saving illumination model, the dimming voltage of the lamp can be adjusted to be between 0 and 10V by adjusting the duty ratio eta as required, and the independent working state of the LED lamp group of the tunnel illumination system is controlled, so that illumination electricity can be saved.
The control strategy adopted for the sudden fire accident in the tunnel is as follows:
In a tunnel, a fire may occur at any position of a traveling vehicle, where the impact of a fire accident on escape is greatest. In the middle position, no matter what wind direction, half of people are positioned at the position of the downstream of the smoke, and the position is least favorable for safe escape. Assuming that a fire disaster occurs in the middle of a tunnel, in order to ensure the accuracy of numerical simulation of the fire disaster, an unsteady state model is adopted to simulate a fire source. The model can be expressed as r=χτ 2
Wherein R is the heat release rate of fire, tau is time, and χ is the growth coefficient of the heat release rate.
And establishing a calculation model according to the actual set size of the tunnel, and dividing grids on the model so as to facilitate subsequent calculation. To make the model similar to the two flow fields of the prototype, it is necessary to ensure that the reynolds number is greater than 1000, and by this condition, the dimensional relationship between the fire model and the tunnel prototype is established. When a fire disaster occurs, the smoke is heated and driven to flow, and the speed of the smoke is considered to be the characteristic speed of the fire plume, and can be specifically expressed as v=1.9R 1.5
Wherein v is the characteristic speed of the smoke.
According to the formula, the characteristic diameters of the fire sources at different positions can be calculated and correspond to the grid sizes. The division of the unit mesh follows a poisson distribution. On this basis, the boundary conditions of the design model mainly comprise inlet speed, initial temperature, two-end pressure, environmental parameters and the like.
Based on the constructed tunnel fire smoke spreading model, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation is utilized to track the maximum power point of emergency illumination, so that the output power of a power generation assembly is obtained, and data support is provided for the design of evacuation rescue routes. In an ideal situation, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation element can be considered as a voltage source, when:
Wherein w is the maximum output power, V1 is the output voltage, and r1 and r2 are the internal resistance and the load resistance respectively.
In the linearization circuit, the maximum output power can be obtained by matching the internal resistance with the load resistance. Under the external condition of the same temperature difference, the amplified signal can be obtained and the voltage control can be realized by applying disturbance to the reference voltage. Each converter is in an open loop state after the power duty cycle is directly given. At this time, a feedback voltage loop is applied, the obtained voltage is opposite to the original direction, and after the output power is changed, the working point approaches to the direction of the maximum power point. The above process can be expressed as delta alpha = beta + [ beta-beta (l-1)]sign[p-p(l-1) ] by using a calculation formula
Wherein delta alpha is the amplitude of a disturbance variable, namely a fixed step length, beta is the disturbance variable, l is a time interval, p is output power, sign is a sign function.
The calculation method has the advantages that the power oscillation and the time efficiency can be obtained only by utilizing fixed final compensation without measuring external conditions such as temperature and the like. Under the condition of unstable condition change, the method still has higher final effect, is suitable for dynamic characteristic analysis of a tunnel model, and can reduce power loss.
And designing a path weight algorithm according to a dynamic tracking result of the maximum power of the emergency lighting, and screening an optimal path for evacuation and rescue of the tunnel. In actual tunnel fire evacuation rescue, the temperature of the evacuation space and the concentration information of harmful gases such as smoke are updated at certain fixed time intervals. Based on the data obtained by the environment detection device, the equivalent length value is obtained in real time, so that the evacuation path is determined. And updating the space crowding degree value when the global path optimization is completed. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the nodes with the same attribute are combined, and the total amount of the space nodes is reduced. The updated node has a corresponding parameter value. Similarly, when the space range is larger, the nodes are split, so that the calculation accuracy is improved.
Application of green energy storage device:
The energy storage devices are respectively arranged at the entrance end and the exit end of the tunnel, and green and environment-friendly can be realized through switching between the mains supply and the energy storage devices according to the requirements, and the concrete structure is as follows:
The energy storage device comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a main controller module, a solar tracking device and the like, wherein the main controller module carries out data processing on environmental information collected by a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a time sensor and the like so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment, the photoelectric solar tracking sensor is used for sensing the intensity of sunlight and intelligently searching light, the photoelectric sensor transmits solar positioning information at different moments to the main controller module through analog/digital conversion to determine the light intensity and the light position information, the two-dimensional direct current motor is further controlled to drive the lighting module to always face the sun, the sunlight target is automatically tracked within the range of 0-90 DEG in the vertical direction and 180 DEG in the horizontal direction, photovoltaic power generation is carried out through a solar panel in the photovoltaic power generation component, the transmitted points are stored in a storage battery, and meanwhile, the storage battery is used for supplying power for the solar tracking device.
The solar tracking sensor is characterized in that the solar tracking sensor is adopted by the energy storage device, a four-quadrant coarse-fine adjustment secondary positioning and real-time tracking working mode is adopted, two groups of photodiodes (4 photodiodes in each group) with good consistency are selected as photosensitive elements, one group of photodiodes positioned on the outer side of a reference plate of a main controller module is used as a four-quadrant coarse-adjustment sunlight signal acquisition group for searching sunlight in a large range, and one group of photodiodes positioned on the inner side of the reference plate is used as a small-range sunlight searching four-quadrant fine-adjustment sunlight signal acquisition group. In consideration of the phenomena that sunlight is weak every morning and evening, sunlight is strong in midday period, the sensor receives sunlight converged by the optical convex lens when the sensor faces away from sunlight or light is blocked by clouds and the like, the problem that a lighting signal is poor due to the fact that sunlight is weak in the morning and evening can be effectively avoided, so that the sensitivity of the sensor to weak light is enhanced, the sunlight intensity is too high in the morning and evening working period, the light-sensitive diode group enters a saturation region, the sunlight fine positioning accuracy of the sensor is necessarily reduced, the focal length of a light-gathering light spot is effectively adjusted at low cost in a threaded bolt mounting mode according to actual use conditions, the sunlight area received by the light-sensitive diode can be indirectly reduced, and the light-sensitive diode exits the saturation region to recover normal photosensitive working. Meanwhile, the main controller module is provided with a clock signal, and the self-searching mode is started immediately after the time of the sunlight-opposite ray exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the sun tracking sensor adopted by the invention can provide high-precision sun positioning information for the lighting device all weather all the year round. In addition, in order to make the sun tracking sensor work stably and reliably, the optical convex lens and the lens fixing ring are effectively connected and fixed on the sensor bottom reference plate by a specially-made threaded bolt (a nut with a thread shape).
The solar tracking device of the energy storage device needs to control the movement of the worm gear speed reduction direct current motor to accurately track sunlight. Considering that the accurate control requirement of motor displacement can not be met by simply using the traditional PID algorithm and manual parameter adjustment is needed, three parameters of the PID controller can be set in real time by introducing fuzzy control, the fuzzy-PID algorithm is provided for intelligently controlling the motor movement angle. And (3) selecting motor movement angle deviation e and deviation change rate ec as input variables of a fuzzy-PID controller, taking three parameters KP, KI and KD of the PID controller as output variables, and constructing a two-dimensional fuzzy controller. The fuzzy subsets of input and output are defined as 8, namely { NB, NM, NS, N0, P0, PS, PM, PB }, wherein NB-negative big, NM-negative medium, NS-negative small, ZO-zero, PS-positive small, PM-medium, PB-positive big, negative zero N0 and positive zero P0 can be represented by Z0, and the input and output domains are all between [ -6,6 ]. Based on the analysis and combining with PID parameter setting experience, fuzzy reasoning criteria of the fuzzy-PID controller under the condition of different combinations of deviation e and deviation change rate ec are given, a fuzzy-PID controller simulation model is built in a Simulink library in MATLAB, and the simulation model is continuously debugged until the motion angle of the direct-current gear motor is accurately controlled.
In order to ensure the equipment to stably work for a long time and effectively cope with the problems of equipment faults, damages and the like, the main controller module also controls the southeast, northwest and northwest four-way limit switch to carry out self-protection on the equipment, and can upload the state information of the energy storage equipment to a remote control center so as to remotely monitor and control the equipment to reliably work in real time.
In summary, the invention controls the tunnel lighting system by the most advanced control technology and equipment through the design of the highway tunnel lighting system, enhances the function and energy-saving effect of tunnel lighting, and creates greater value for the transportation industry.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The system is suitable for a highway tunnel lighting system in constructional engineering and is characterized by comprising a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set;
The remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, a tunnel illumination control platform is developed based on LabVIEW software, and comprises a plurality of control subroutines for realizing control with a remote controlled object;
The GPRS remote communication network consists of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, and is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by a remote control center and then sending the control instruction to the main controller;
the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port;
The ZigBee wireless communication module is used for enabling the main controller to enable the control instruction to reach the sub-controllers through the ZigBee network;
The sub-controller receives information of the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication network on one hand, outputs multiple paths of independent PWM control signals to control the driving power supply of the lighting lamp set according to the received information on the other hand, and adjusts the color temperature and luminous flux of the lighting lamp set;
the conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set is provided with a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function, wherein the lighting lamp set adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor;
The power supply module comprises a mains supply and a green energy storage power, and the mains supply and the green energy storage power realize the switching power supply of the functional modules in the system through a control switch;
the conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set adopts a bidirectional DC/DC module;
The general illumination and emergency illumination lamp set realizes independent control through a sub-controller, the sub-controller collects the voltage, current and power factor of the general illumination/emergency lamp, the ambient light brightness and the traffic flow information through a sensor, and uploads the information to a main controller through a ZigBee wireless communication module, and meanwhile, outputs a 0-10V dimming signal to control the brightness of the illumination/emergency lamp;
The sub-controller generates PWM signals with the frequency of 150Hz by using a timer TIM2, and obtains average voltage after filtering by a low-pass filter formed by R3 and C2 When the high level of the PWM signal is Vh and the duty ratio is eta, the average voltage is calculatedThe method comprises the following steps:
the operational amplifier forms an in-phase proportional amplifying circuit pair Amplifying, and outputting the dimming voltage to the illuminating lamp/emergency lamp as follows:
the control strategy adopted for the emergency fire disaster event in the tunnel is adopted, a path weight algorithm is designed according to the dynamic tracking result of the maximum power of the emergency lighting, and the optimal path for evacuation and rescue of the tunnel is screened:
Based on the constructed tunnel fire smoke spreading model, tracking the maximum power point of emergency illumination by utilizing semiconductor thermoelectric power generation, thereby obtaining the output power of the power generation assembly:
wherein w is the maximum output power, V1 is the output voltage, r1 and r2 are the internal resistance and the load resistance respectively,
Under the external condition of the same temperature difference, amplified signals can be obtained and voltage control is realized by applying disturbance to reference voltage, after the power ratio is directly given, each converter is in an open loop state, a feedback voltage loop is applied at the moment, the obtained voltage is opposite to the original direction, after the output power is changed, the working point approaches to the direction of the maximum power point, and the process is expressed as follows by using a calculation formula:
Δα=β+[β-β(l-1)]sign[p-p(l-1)]
wherein delta alpha is the amplitude of a disturbance variable, namely a fixed step length, beta is the disturbance variable, l is a time interval, p is output power, sign is a sign function;
and designing a path weight algorithm according to a dynamic tracking result of the maximum power of the emergency lighting, and screening an optimal path for evacuation and rescue of the tunnel.
2. The building engineering illumination system suitable for the highway tunnel is characterized by comprising energy storage equipment arranged at an entrance end and an exit end of the tunnel, and specifically comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a controller module and a solar tracking device, wherein the controller module carries out data processing on environment information collected by temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed sensors and time sensors so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment, a photoelectric solar tracking sensor is used for sensing sunlight intensity and intelligently searching light, and a photoelectric sensor is used for transmitting solar positioning information at different moments to the controller module through analog/digital conversion so as to determine light intensity and light position information, and further control a direct current motor to drive the lighting module to always face the sun.
3. The construction process of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional DC/DC module is adapted to bi-directionally transfer energy by changing the current flow direction of the DC/DC module without changing the polarity of the high voltage side and the low voltage side of the bi-directional DC/DC module.
4. The construction engineering lighting system for highway tunnels of claim 3, wherein the signal transmission of the bidirectional DC/DC module is realized by adopting an RS-232 serial communication module, wherein the RS-232 serial communication interface is a chip CC2530, and a bidirectional communication mode between the modules is established by utilizing a MAX232CSE chip conversion level.
5. An energy-saving control method suitable for a highway tunnel lighting system in constructional engineering comprises the lighting system as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of independently controlling conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp sets in a tunnel in the constructional engineering and supplying power for switching control of commercial power and green energy storage power.
6. Use of a construction work according to any of claims 1-4 for a road tunnel lighting system.
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Effective date of registration: 20250223 Address after: 518000 West, Floor 2, Building 4, China Nuclear Group Office Building 201, Qiyu Road, Baishixia Community East, Fuyong Subdistrict, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen Lehui Emergency Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 518103 building C, China Nuclear Group Industrial Park, Qiyu Road, baishixia East District, Fuyong street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province Patentee before: SHENZHEN LEHUI PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |