CN114353437B - Method and device for controlling ohmic heating drying process of salted and preserved fish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling an ohmic heating drying process of salted and cured fish, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein two vertical plates are fixed at the top of the bottom plate, a lifting plate is vertically and slidably installed between the two vertical plates together, a telescopic rod is installed between the bottom of the lifting plate and the top of the bottom plate, a fixed plate is fixed on the outer wall of an extension rod of the telescopic rod, a second spring is connected between the fixed plate and the bottom plate, sliding plates and electrode plates are slidably installed at the tops of the lifting plate close to two sides, the two electrode plates are located between the two sliding plates, electrode tips are installed on the outer walls of the back sides of the two electrode plates, and the two electrode tips are connected with a complete circuit together. The invention avoids the problem of poor contact between fish meat and electrodes due to volume reduction caused by water loss in the drying process of the fish meat, and simultaneously improves the drying speed of the fish meat through self-adaptive adjustment and matching of the structures.

Description

A method and device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of cured fish

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of food processing equipment and technology, in particular to a method and device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of pickled fish.

Background technique

Pickling refers to the process of using salt and other marinade to process food raw materials to increase flavor, improve texture, and facilitate preservation. It is often used in the processing and preservation of fish. However, the marinated fish still needs to be dried to remove excess water. At present, the traditional processing method is mainly to dry the marinated fish by drying or drying. In this process, the water on the surface of the fish is evaporated first, causing the surface of the fish to become dry, and the water inside the fish is difficult to evaporate, resulting in low energy utilization and long drying time.

Ohmic heating belongs to volume heating, which can make the water inside the fish evaporate first. The drying process has high energy utilization rate and short time, which can effectively solve the shortcomings of traditional methods. But at this stage, ohmic heating requires sufficient contact between the heated food and the electrodes. However, due to water loss during the drying process, the cured fish will reduce in volume, resulting in poor contact between the fish meat and the electrodes, which will affect the heating process.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of salted fish, which avoids the problem of poor contact between fish and electrodes caused by the volume reduction of fish meat due to water loss during the drying process, and solves the problem of background technology in the question.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of salted fish, including a bottom plate, two vertical plates are fixed on the top of the bottom plate, and the two vertical plates are vertically connected together. A lifting plate is directly slidably installed, and a telescopic rod is installed between the bottom of the lifting plate and the top of the bottom plate, and the outer wall of the extending rod of the telescopic rod is fixed with a fixed plate, and a second fixed plate is connected between the fixed plate and the bottom plate. Two springs, sliding plates and electrode plates are slidably installed on the tops of the lifting plate near the two sides, and the two electrode plates are located between the two sliding plates, and the outer walls of the two opposite sides of the electrode plates are equipped with An electrode head, and two electrode heads are connected with a complete circuit, the first spring is connected between the adjacent sliding plate and the electrode plate, and the outer walls on the opposite sides of the two sliding plates are connected to the two vertical plates respectively. A first connecting rod is hinged between the outer walls of the two sliding plates, and when the lifting plate moves upwards, the two sliding plates will slide relative to each other through the first connecting rod.

Preferably, a U-shaped plate that can slide back and forth horizontally is installed on the top of the bottom plate away from the lifting plate through two mounting brackets, and the U-shaped plate is located above the lifting plate, and the two arms of the U-shaped plate are close to the lifting plate. The outer wall of the plate is provided with vertical grooves, and the inner walls of the two vertical grooves are slidingly installed with sliders, and the third spring is connected between the sliders and the inner top of the vertical grooves, and the two sliders rotate A rotating roller is installed, and the outer wall of the rotating roller is provided with water-absorbing cotton.

Preferably, bearing housings are installed on the outer walls of the two mounting brackets, and the shaft centers of the two bearing housings are jointly equipped with a rotatable first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is located on the two sides of the U-shaped plate. Between the arms, both ends of the first rotating shaft are fixed with rotating rods, and the end of the rotating rod away from the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod far away from the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate on the arm.

Preferably, a vertical block is fixed on the top of the bottom plate between the first rotating shaft and the lifting plate, a sliding block is slidably installed on the top of the vertical block, and the outer wall of the sliding block rotates with the outer wall of the fixed plate. It is connected with a second connecting rod. When the fixed plate moves upward, the sliding block will be driven by the second connecting rod to move away from the lifting plate. The top of the sliding block is fixed with a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is close to the first A mounting plate is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a hole is opened on the mounting plate, and a rotatable second rotating shaft is installed in the hole, and a fan blade is installed on the end of the second rotating shaft near the lifting plate.

Preferably, the outer wall of the first rotating shaft is fixed with a first friction disc, the end of the second rotating shaft close to the first friction disc is fixed with a second friction disc, and the arc-shaped outer wall of the second friction disc is in contact with the first friction disc. The flat outer wall of the disc fits.

Preferably, two spacers are fixed on the side wall near the middle of the installation frame, and a moving frame is installed horizontally slidingly between the two spacers, and the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the moving frame are provided with tooth grooves , the second rotating shaft passes through the moving frame, and the outer wall of the second rotating shaft is fixed with an incomplete gear, and the teeth of the incomplete gear are intermittently meshed with the tooth slots on the upper and lower inner walls of the moving frame, so The inner walls near the upper and lower sides of the installation frame are provided with heating components for generating hot air, and the two heating components are symmetrical about the axis of the first rotating shaft.

Preferably, the heating assembly includes a piston tube, the piston tube is fixed on the side wall of the installation frame, the outer wall of the moving frame away from the piston tube is fixed with a fixed block, the outer wall of the fixed block is fixed with a piston rod, and the outer wall of the fixed block is fixed with a piston rod. One end of the piston rod extends into the piston tube and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the piston tube through the piston plate. The outer wall of the piston tube is connected with a one-way air inlet pipe, and the outer wall of the piston tube near the fan blade is connected with an air outlet pipe. An exhaust valve is installed in the outlet pipe, which is opened when the exhaust valve senses that the pressure reaches a threshold.

A method for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of cured fish, comprising the following steps:

S1: Pickling of raw fish: kill 1-2kg live fish by knocking their heads, cut open the belly of the fish, remove the head, tail, scales, viscera and black film, cut the fish fillets along the vertebrae, and rinse with clean water Wash the blood stains on the surface of the fish fillets, drain them at room temperature, accurately weigh 5% to 9% of the weight of the fish meat, and apply salt evenly on the whole body of the fish fillets. Marinate in the refrigerator at ℃, turn it up and down every once in a while, and marinate for 3 to 5 days in total;

S2: Drying: Take out the marinated fish, wash the surface of the fish with clean water, drain at room temperature, weigh the fish, control the quality of the fish at 250-280g, place the fish on the lifting plate, and pass two The electrode plate is clamped and fixed;

S3: Then energize through the two electrode heads to form a complete circuit, and carry out ohmic heating and drying on the fish. During the heating process, the water content of the fish is continuously reduced, and the volume is also continuously reduced, and the weight is also reduced. At this time Under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, it will drive the lifting plate to move upwards, and under the connection action of the first connecting rod, it will drive the two sliding plates and the electrode plate to slide relative to each other at the same time, so that the two electrode plates are always in contact with the fish, preventing Poor contact between fish meat and electrodes;

S4: When the fish meat is dried to the preset value, disconnect the circuit, remove the fish meat and replace it with a new one.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. Through the cooperation between the structures, the volume and weight of the fish will be reduced due to water loss as the fish is dried. At this time, under the action of the elastic force of the first spring, the lifting plate will move upwards. Under the action of the connection of the first connecting rod, the two sliding plates will slide relative to each other, and the two electrode plates will move relative to each other through the first spring, so that the electrode plate and the fish meat will always keep in contact, avoiding the water loss of the fish meat during the drying process The resulting volume reduction causes the problem of poor contact between the fish meat and the electrodes.

2. Through the cooperation between the structures, the present invention drives the rotating roller to move back and forth continuously through the U-shaped plate. On the one hand, it can prevent the fish meat from bending due to the loss of water, and on the other hand, the rolling of the fish meat can remove the water on its surface The cotton sucks it away, and at the same time squeezes out the moisture inside the fish meat, so that the fish meat will be more evenly heated, which will increase the drying rate of the fish meat to a certain extent and improve the work efficiency. The rolling pressure of the rollers on the fish will gradually decrease and eventually break away from contact to prevent damage to the fish.

3. Through the cooperation between the structures, the present invention heats the air into hot air through the compression of the piston, and then with the blowing of the fan blades, the fish can be dried by the hot air, which further improves the drying efficiency of the fish. At the same time, with the reduction of the weight of the fish, it has achieved the self-adaptive adjustment of the size of the fan blade blowing and the efficiency of hot air generation, thereby avoiding the problem that the surface of the fish will be too dry and hard if the water in the fish is still the original strength of the hot air.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view structural representation of the front of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the cross-sectional perspective view of the lifting plate of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped plate cutaway perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective sectional perspective view of the present invention along the section line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural representation of the enlarged view at A in Fig. 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram that two electrode tips of the present invention are connected;

Fig. 8 is the connection mode of the relay of the present invention in the circuit;

Fig. 9 is the connection mode of the rectification filter circuit in the circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the connection mode of the display screen in the circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a program flow chart of the single-chip microcomputer program of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. bottom plate; 2. vertical plate; 3. sliding plate; 4. electrode head; 5. first spring; 6. electrode plate; 7. rotating roller; 8. first connecting rod; 9. lifting plate; 10. Display screen; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Telescopic rod; 13. Second spring; 14. Mounting frame; 15. U-shaped plate; 16. First rotating shaft; 17. First friction disc; 18. Second rotating shaft ; 19, fan blade; 20, fish meat; 21, second connecting rod; 22, sliding block; 23, second friction disc; 24, rotating rod; 25, connecting rod; 26, installation frame; 27, installation plate; 28 , piston tube; 29, outlet pipe; 30, vertical block; 31, vertical slot; 32, slide block; 33, third spring; 34, moving frame; 35, incomplete gear; 36, piston rod; 37, fixed 38, spacer; 39, long slot plate; 40, button block.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 11, the present invention provides a technical solution: a device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of salted fish, comprising a bottom plate 1, two vertical plates 2 are fixed on the top of the bottom plate 1, two vertical plates 2 Common vertical sliding is installed with lifting plate 9 between, and telescopic rod 12 is installed between the bottom of lifting plate 9 and the top of base plate 1, and the extension rod outer wall of telescopic rod 12 is fixed with fixed plate 11, and fixed plate 11 and base plate 1 is connected with a second spring 13, and the top of the lifting plate 9 near both sides is slidably installed with a sliding plate 3 and an electrode plate 6, and the two electrode plates 6 are located between the two sliding plates 3, and the two electrode plates 6 The outer walls of the opposite sides are equipped with electrode heads 4, and the two electrode heads 4 are connected together to form a complete circuit, and the first spring 5 is connected between the adjacent sliding plate 3 and the electrode plate 6, and the two sliding plates 3 phase A first connecting rod 8 is hinged between the outer wall of the back and the outer walls of the two vertical plates 2 , and when the lifting plate 9 moves upward, the two sliding plates 3 will slide relative to each other through the first connecting rod 8 .

Put the pretreated fish meat 20 on the lifting plate 9, and fix it by two electrode plates 6, under the elastic force of the second spring 13, make it initially fixed, so that the electrode plate 6 and the fish meat 20 can Tightly connect, then feed current to the two electrode heads 4, and form a complete loop with the fish meat 20, at this time, through the resistance of the fish meat 20 itself, heat will be generated when the current passes through the fish meat 20, thereby uniformly heating the fish meat 20, The moisture in the fish meat 20 is evenly evaporated, which can prevent the water on the surface of the fish meat 20 from flowing too fast and cause the surface of the fish meat 20 to be too dry, which not only improves the quality of the fish meat 20 after drying, but also improves the drying efficiency.

And along with the drying of fish meat 20, water loss can make the volume and weight of fish meat reduce, and at this moment, under the elastic force of first spring 5, lifting plate 9 can be moved upwards, can refer to Fig. 1, at this moment in first Under the connecting action of the connecting rod 8, the two sliding plates 3 will slide relative to each other, and the two electrode plates 6 will move relative to each other through the first spring 5, so that the electrode plates 6 and the fish meat 20 are always in contact, and the fish meat 20 is prevented from drying out. During the process, due to the volume reduction caused by water loss, the fish meat and the electrode are in poor contact. At the same time, the elastic connection of the first spring 5 can also prevent the electrode plate 6 from causing excessive extrusion to the fish meat 20 .

Further, the top of the bottom plate 1 away from the lifting plate 9 is equipped with a U-shaped plate 15 that can slide back and forth horizontally through two mounting brackets 14, and the U-shaped plate 15 is located above the lifting plate 9, and the two arms of the U-shaped plate 15 are close to each other. The outer wall of lifting plate 9 is all provided with vertical groove 31, and the inwall of two vertical grooves 31 is all slidably equipped with slide block 32, and slide block 32 is connected with the inner top of vertical groove 31 with the 3rd spring 33, two slide blocks 32 Rotating rollers 7 are installed between them, and the outer wall of the rotating rollers 7 is provided with absorbent cotton.

When the fish meat 20 is heated and dried, the U-shaped plate 15 is driven to and fro by an external mechanism, and then the fish meat 20 can be rolled by the rotating roller 7. On the one hand, the fish meat 20 can be prevented from bending due to the loss of moisture, and on the other hand On the one hand, the rolling of the fish meat 20 can absorb the moisture on its surface through the absorbent cotton, and at the same time squeeze out the moisture inside the fish meat 20, so that the fish meat 20 can be more uniform when heated, and then the fish meat 20 can be improved to a certain extent. The drying rate is fast and the work efficiency is improved.

Initially, under the elastic force of the third spring 33, the rotating roller 7 can be pressed on the fish meat 20. After the fish meat 20 loses moisture, the volume becomes small, and the fish meat 20 will become flat. At this time, the rotating roller 7 and the fish meat 20 If the fish meat 20 is out of contact, it will become relatively hard after drying. If the rotating roller 7 continues rolling, the fish meat 20 may be destroyed. Therefore, with the loss of water in the fish meat 20, the rolling pressure of the rotating roller 7 on the fish meat 20 will gradually decrease. , and finally out of contact.

Further, the outer walls of the two mounting brackets 14 are equipped with bearing housings, and the axes of the two bearing housings are jointly equipped with a rotatable first rotating shaft 16, and the first rotating shaft 16 is located on the two arms of the U-shaped plate 15 Between, the two ends of first rotating shaft 16 are all fixed with rotating rod 24, and one end of rotating rod 24 away from first rotating shaft 16 is connected with connecting rod 25 in rotation, and the end of connecting rod 25 away from rotating rod 24 is connected in rotation with U-shaped plate 15 on the arm.

The first rotating shaft 16 is driven to rotate by an external mechanism, and then the first rotating shaft 16 will drive the rotating rod 24 to rotate in a circle, and then through the connection of the connecting rod 25, the U-shaped plate 15 can be driven to move back and forth on the mounting frame 14, which is the drive U-shaped plate 15 does the first embodiment of reciprocating movement.

The second embodiment of driving the U-shaped plate 15 to reciprocate, as shown in Figure 6, the U-shaped plate 15 is fixed with a long grooved plate 39 near the outer wall of the rotating rod 24, and the long grooved plate 39 is provided with a vertically arranged The outer wall of the rotating rod 24 is fixed with a button block 40, and the button block 40 is slidably connected with the long groove on the long groove plate 39, so that when the rotating rod 24 rotates, the long groove plate 39 will be moved by the button block 40, Thereby driving the U-shaped plate 15 to move back and forth.

Further, a vertical block 30 is fixed on the top of the base plate 1 between the first rotating shaft 16 and the lifting plate 9, and a sliding block 22 is slidably installed on the top of the vertical block 30. Between the outer wall of the sliding block 22 and the outer wall of the fixed plate 11 The second connecting rod 21 is rotatably connected between them. When the fixed plate 11 moves upwards, the second connecting rod 21 will drive the sliding block 22 to move away from the lifting plate 9. The top of the sliding block 22 is fixed with a mounting frame 26. The mounting frame 26 A mounting plate 27 is fixed on the outer wall near the first rotating shaft 16, and a hole is opened on the mounting plate 27, and a rotatable second rotating shaft 18 is installed in the hole, and a fan blade 19 is installed on the end of the second rotating shaft 18 near the lifting plate 9 .

The external mechanism drives the second rotating shaft 18 to rotate, and then the second rotating shaft 18 drives the fan blade 19 to rotate to blow air to the fish meat 20, which can speed up the flow of air and further improve the drying rate of the fish meat 20.

Then along with the water loss of the fish meat 20, while the weight decreases, the first spring 5 will drive the fixed plate 11 and the lifting plate 9 to move upward together. At this time, under the connection effect of the second connecting rod 21, the sliding block 22 will be driven away from The direction of lifting plate 9 moves, thereby fan blade 19 is moved away from fish meat 20 gradually, reduces the blowing efficiency to fish meat 20, prevents fish meat 20 moisture from losing to a certain degree, and fan blade 19 continues blowing to make the moisture on fish meat 20 surface lose too much Fast and cause the fish meat 20 surface to be too dry, can reach the effect of self-adaptive adjustment fan blade 19 blowing efficiency by the change of fish meat 20 weight like this.

When the fan blade 19 is blowing hot air, it will also play a role in drying the rotating roller 7, and because the blowing position of the fan blade 19 is not located at the axis of the rotating roller 7, after the rotating roller 7 is separated from the fish meat 20, When the fan blade 19 blows and dries the rotating roller 7, it can also slightly rotate the rotating roller 7, so that the surface to be dried is more and the effect is better. Rolling fish meat 20 is then dried, so that when the next fish meat 20 is processed, the rotating roller 7 has also been dried, reducing the time needed to replace the absorbent cotton, thereby improving processing efficiency to a certain extent.

Further, the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 16 is fixed with a first friction disc 17, and the end of the second rotating shaft 18 close to the first friction disc 17 is fixed with a second friction disc 23, and the arc outer wall of the second friction disc 23 is in contact with the first friction disc. The planar outer walls of the disc 17 fit together.

When the first rotating shaft 16 rotates, it will drive the first friction disc 17 to rotate, and the second friction disc 23 will be driven to rotate by friction, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 18 to rotate, and the fan blade 19 to rotate. When the sliding block 22 moves away from the lifting plate 9 When moving in the direction of the second rotating shaft 18 and the second friction disc 23 will move closer to the first rotating shaft 16, at this time the transmission ratio of the first friction disc 17 to the second friction disc 23 will be reduced, so that the second rotating shaft 18 and the rotating speed of the fan blade 19 is reduced, and then the effect of adaptively adjusting the wind force of the fan blade 19 is achieved.

Further, two spacers 38 are fixed on the side wall near the middle of the installation frame 26, and a moving frame 34 is installed horizontally slidingly between the two spacers 38, and the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the moving frame 34 are provided with tooth grooves. The second rotating shaft 18 passes through the moving frame 34, and the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 18 is fixed with an incomplete gear 35, and the teeth of the incomplete gear 35 are intermittently meshed with the tooth grooves on the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the moving frame 34. The inner walls near the upper and lower sides of 26 are provided with heating components for generating hot air, and the two heating components are symmetrical about the axis of the first rotating shaft 16 .

When the second rotating shaft 18 rotates, it will drive the incomplete gear 35 to rotate, and then the teeth of the incomplete gear 35 will intermittently mesh with the tooth grooves on the upper and lower inner walls of the moving frame 34, thereby driving the moving frame 34 to reciprocate left and right, thereby driving heating The assembly generates hot air, and then the wind blown by the fan blades 19 can become hot air, thereby further improving the drying rate of the fish meat 20 .

Further, the heating assembly includes a piston tube 28, the piston tube 28 is fixed on the side wall of the installation frame 26, the outer wall of the moving frame 34 away from the piston tube 28 is fixed with a fixed block 37, the outer wall of the fixed block 37 is fixed with a piston rod 36, and the piston rod One end of 36 extends into the piston tube 28 and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the piston tube 28 by the piston plate. An exhaust valve is installed in the air outlet pipe 29, which is opened when the exhaust valve senses that the pressure reaches a threshold.

When the moving frame 34 is constantly moving back and forth, the fixed block 37 will drive the piston rod 36 and the piston to continuously move back and forth in the piston tube 28, so that the air will be sucked into the piston tube 28 through the one-way air intake tube, and then when the piston moves, the air will be squeezed. When the air is compressed, due to the function of the exhaust valve, the air will be compressed first. At the same time, when the air is compressed, the distance between the molecules will become smaller, and the movement of the molecules will be more intense, thereby generating heat. Then when the air pressure reaches the preset value, the air will be discharged The air valve is opened and the hot air is discharged, and then blows to the fish meat 20 along with the rotation of the fan blade 19, and the fish meat 20 is heated and dried.

Moreover, when the speed of the second rotating shaft 18 is reduced, the speed of the incomplete gear 35 is also reduced, so that the speed of the piston tube 28 air suction and air injection is also reduced, and the heat generated is also reduced. At the same time, the speed of rotation can also be adaptively adjusted to the generation rate of hot gas.

Working principle: when the device for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of salted fish is used, the pretreated fish meat 20 is placed on the lifting plate 9, and it is fixed by two electrode plates 6, and the elastic force of the second spring 13 Under the action, it is initially fixed, so that the electrode plate 6 and the fish meat 20 can be tightly connected, and then the two electrode heads 4 are passed into an electric current. At this time, through the resistance of the fish meat 20 itself, heat is generated when the current passes through the fish meat 20, thereby The fish meat 20 is evenly heated to evenly evaporate the moisture in the fish meat 20, which can prevent the surface water from flowing too fast when the fish meat 20 is dry and cause the surface of the fish meat 20 to be too dry, which not only improves the quality of the fish meat 20 after drying, but also improves drying efficiency.

Along with the drying of the fish meat 20, the water loss will reduce the volume and weight of the fish meat. At this time, under the elastic force of the first spring 5, the lifting plate 9 will be moved upwards. Down, the two sliding plates 3 will slide relative to each other, and the two electrode plates 6 will move relative to each other through the first spring 5, so that the electrode plates 6 and the fish meat 20 will always keep in contact, and the fish meat 20 will be prevented from being caused by water loss during the drying process. The volume of the fish is reduced, resulting in poor contact between the fish and the electrodes.

A method for controlling the ohmic heating and drying process of cured fish, comprising the following steps:

S1: Pickling of raw fish: kill 1-2kg live fish by knocking their heads, cut open the belly of the fish, remove the head, tail, scales, viscera and black film, cut the fish fillets along the vertebrae, and rinse with clean water Wash the blood stains on the surface of the fish fillets, drain them at room temperature, accurately weigh 5% to 9% of the weight of the fish meat, and apply salt evenly on the whole body of the fish fillets. ℃ in the refrigerator for marinating, turning it up and down every once in a while, and marinating for 3 to 5 days in total.

Further, fresh grass carp is selected as raw material live fish, the mass of grass carp is selected as 1.5kg, the concentration of salt is selected as 6% of the weight of the fish meat, the storage temperature in the refrigerator is set at 4°C, and the curing time is 4 days.

S2: Drying: Take out the marinated fish meat, wash the surface of the fish meat with clean water, drain at room temperature, weigh the fish meat, control the quality of the fish meat at 250-280g, place the fish meat on the lifting plate 9, and pass two Each electrode plate 6 is clamped and fixed.

Further, the quality of the fish meat is controlled at 260g. If the quality of the fish meat is relatively large, the excess fish meat is preferentially cut off from the fish tail.

S3: Then energize through the two electrode heads 4 to form a complete circuit, and perform ohmic heating and drying on the fish meat 20. During the heating process, the water content of the fish meat decreases continuously, and the volume and weight also decrease continuously. At this time, under the elastic force of the second spring 13, it will drive the lifting plate 9 to move upwards, and under the connecting action of the first connecting rod 8, it will drive the two sliding plates 3 and the electrode plate 6 to slide relative to each other at the same time, so that the two electrodes The plate 6 is always in contact with the fish meat 20 to prevent poor contact between the fish meat 20 and the electrodes.

The circuit is shown in Figure 7, including power supply, fixed-value resistor, single-chip microcomputer, relay, wire, display screen, rectification and filtering circuit. The power supply voltage is set to 80-120V, the resistance value of the fixed-value resistor is 200-500Ω, and the threshold value of the single-chip microcomputer is set to 0.8-1.0V.

Further, the power supply voltage is 100V, the resistance value of the fixed value resistor is 300Ω, and the threshold voltage of the single-chip microcomputer is set to 0.9V.

The relay plays a role in the circuit to control the on-off of the circuit according to the signal output by the single-chip microcomputer, and its specific connection mode in the circuit is shown in FIG. 8 .

The display screen 10 can change the output text content according to the single-chip microcomputer, so that the user can know the working state of the circuit, and its specific connection mode in the circuit is shown in FIG. 10 .

The rectification and filtering circuit functions in the circuit to change the alternating current into direct current and filter out the alternating current component, and convert the 50 Hz alternating voltage into a smooth direct current voltage, so that the voltage at both ends of the fixed value resistor can be better measured. The specific connection method of the rectification filter circuit in the circuit is shown in Figure 9, in which R ₁ is a filter resistor, C ₁ and C ₂ are capacitors, and D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , and D ₄ are diodes.

The control of the heating circuit is mainly completed by the single-chip microcomputer. The program is preset in the single-chip microcomputer. As shown in Figure 11, the voltage at both ends of the fixed value resistor is detected by the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer controls the relay on and off according to the detected voltage output signal. The display shows the content.

S4: When the fish meat 20 is dried to a preset value, disconnect the circuit, remove the fish meat 20 and replace it with a new one.

During the heating process, the water content of the fish keeps decreasing, and the resistance of the fish keeps increasing. Since the total power supply voltage remains unchanged, the voltage at both ends of the fixed value resistor keeps decreasing. When the detection voltage decreases to the threshold voltage, the single-chip microcomputer controls the relay to disconnect the circuit, and Change the text content output by the display screen 10, and when the display screen 10 displays "end", the drying end point is reached, and the product is obtained.

The standard parts used in this embodiment can be directly purchased from the market, and the non-standard structural parts according to the instructions and drawings can also be processed without any doubt based on existing technical common sense. The connection method adopts mature conventional means in the prior art, and the machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art, so no specific description is made here.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a device of control salted preserved fish ohmic heating drying process, includes bottom plate (1), its characterized in that: the improved lifting plate is characterized in that two vertical plates (2) are fixed to the top of the bottom plate (1), a lifting plate (9) is arranged between the vertical plates (2) in a common sliding mode, a telescopic rod (12) is arranged between the bottom of the lifting plate (9) and the top of the bottom plate (1), a fixing plate (11) is fixed to the outer wall of an extension rod of the telescopic rod (12), a second spring (13) is connected between the fixing plate (11) and the bottom plate (1), sliding plates (3) and electrode plates (6) are arranged at the tops, close to two sides, of the lifting plate (9), the electrode plates (6) are located between the two sliding plates (3), two electrode tips (4) are arranged on the outer wall of the back face of the electrode plates (6), the two electrode tips (4) are connected with a complete circuit in a common mode, the adjacent first springs (5) are connected between the sliding plates (3) and the electrode plates (6), the outer wall of the back face of the sliding plates (3) is hinged to first connecting rods (8) between the outer wall of the outer walls of the two vertical plates (2) and when the lifting plate (9) can move upwards, the two sliding plates (3) can slide relatively.

2. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein: but bottom plate (1) keep away from the top of lifter plate (9) and install horizontal reciprocating sliding's U-shaped plate (15) through two mounting bracket (14), just U-shaped plate (15) are located the top of lifter plate (9), the outer wall that two support arms of U-shaped plate (15) are close to lifter plate (9) has all been seted up and has been erected groove (31), and two erect equal slidable mounting of inner wall in groove (31) and have slider (32), slider (32) and the interior top of erecting groove (31) are connected with third spring (33), two rotate between slider (32) and install live-rollers (7), and the outer wall of live-rollers (7) is provided with the cotton that absorbs water.

3. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 2, wherein: two the bearing frame is all installed to the outer wall of mounting bracket (14), and the axle center of two bearing frames installs rotatable first pivot (16) jointly, just first pivot (16) are located between two support arms of U-shaped plate (15), the both ends of first pivot (16) all are fixed with dwang (24), the one end that first pivot (16) were kept away from in dwang (24) is rotated and is connected with connecting rod (25), the one end that dwang (24) were kept away from in connecting rod (25) is rotated and is connected on the support arm of U-shaped plate (15).

4. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein: be located bottom plate (1) top between first pivot (16) and lifter plate (9) is fixed with vertical piece (30), the top slidable mounting of vertical piece (30) has sliding block (22), it is connected with second connecting rod (21) to rotate between the outer wall of sliding block (22) and the outer wall of fixed plate (11), works as can drive sliding block (22) through second connecting rod (21) during fixed plate (11) rebound and remove to the direction of keeping away from lifter plate (9), the top of sliding block (22) is fixed with installing frame (26), the outer wall that installing frame (26) are close to first pivot (16) is fixed with mounting panel (27), set up porosely on mounting panel (27), and downthehole rotatable second pivot (18) of installing, flabellum (19) are installed to second pivot (18) one end that is close to lifter plate (9).

5. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a first friction disc (17) is fixed on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (16), a second friction disc (23) is fixed at one end, close to the first friction disc (17), of the second rotating shaft (18), and the outer wall of the cambered surface of the second friction disc (23) is attached to the outer wall of the plane of the first friction disc (17).

6. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted fish in claim 4 or 5, which comprises: installing frame (26) are close to the lateral wall in the middle of and are fixed with two parting beads (38), and two common horizontal sliding installs between parting bead (38) and remove frame (34), the tooth's socket has all been seted up to the inner wall of both sides about removing frame (34), pass in second pivot (18) follow removal frame (34), just the outer wall of second pivot (18) is fixed with incomplete gear (35), the tooth of incomplete gear (35) and the tooth's socket intermittent type nature meshing of both sides inner wall about removing frame (34), the inner wall that installing frame (26) are close to both sides about all is provided with the heating element who is used for producing hot air, and two heating element are about the axle center symmetry of first pivot (16).

7. The apparatus for controlling the ohmic heating drying process of the salted and cured fish as claimed in claim 6, wherein: heating element includes piston pipe (28), the lateral wall at installing frame (26) is fixed in piston pipe (28), the outer wall that piston pipe (28) were kept away from in removal frame (34) is fixed with fixed block (37), the outer wall of fixed block (37) is fixed with piston rod (36), the one end of piston rod (36) stretches into in piston pipe (28) and through the inner wall sliding connection of piston board with piston pipe (28), the outer wall intercommunication of piston pipe (28) has one-way intake pipe, the outer wall intercommunication that piston pipe (28) are close to flabellum (19) has outlet duct (29), just install discharge valve in outlet duct (29), open when discharge valve senses pressure and reaches the threshold value.

8. A method for using the apparatus for controlling an ohmic heating drying process of salted fish as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: pickling of raw fish: killing 1-2 kg of raw material live fish by knocking the head, splitting the belly of the live fish, removing the head, the tail, scales, internal organs and black films, splitting along spinal bones to obtain fillets, cleaning blood stains on the surfaces of the fillets with clear water, draining at room temperature, accurately weighing salt with the weight of 5-9% of the weight of the fish, uniformly coating the salt on the whole body of the fillets, neatly stacking the fillets after adding the salt in a stainless steel basin, placing the fillets in a refrigerator with the temperature of 0-5 ℃ for pickling, and turning the fillets up and down once at intervals for 3-5 days in total;

s2: drying: taking out the pickled fish, cleaning the surface of the fish with clear water, draining at room temperature, weighing the fish, controlling the quality of the fish to be 250-280 g, placing the fish on a lifting plate (9), and clamping and fixing the fish through two electrode plates (6);

s3: then electrify through two electrode tips (4), make it form a complete circuit, carry on the ohm to fish (20) and heat and dry, in the course of heating, the water content of fish constantly reduces, the volume also constantly reduces at the same time, the weight also lightens, at this moment under the elastic force of the second spring (13), can drive the lifting plate (9) to move upwards, under the connecting action of the first tie rod (8), can drive two sliding plates (3) and electrode pad (6) and relatively slide at the same time, make two electrode pad (6) contact with fish (20) all the time, prevent fish (20) and electrode contact badly;

s4: when the fish meat (20) is dried to a preset value, the circuit is disconnected, and the fish meat (20) is taken down and replaced with a new one.

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