CN114337159B - A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor type online automatic balancing device capable of being mounted through a shaft, wherein a gear part is driven by a motor output end of the motor type online automatic balancing device, torque is transmitted to a gear ring through two planetary gears together, a counterweight disc is driven to rotate, and mass distribution in the device is changed to realize automatic balancing. The invention relates to a motor type online automatic balancing device which is mainly divided into a first component and a second component, wherein the first component can independently act under the operation working condition of the device, and the second component can rotate along with a balanced rotor. This online automatic balancing device can be through aggravating and the heavy dual mode of going, and the size of its balancing weight can be adjusted according to the difference of using the operating mode, and application range is more extensive. The motor type online automatic balancing device is of a hollow structure as a whole, can be mounted in a shaft, and is more flexible in mounting position selection when applied to a balanced rotor system.

Description

A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft

technical field

The invention relates to a device for suppressing rotor vibration and ensuring smooth operation of the rotor, in particular to a motor-type online automatic balancing device which can be installed through a shaft and uses an ultrasonic motor device to drive a counterweight to reduce system vibration.

Background technique

The rotor is one of the important parts in various rotating machines, and it will vibrate during operation, and the vibration caused by the unbalance of the rotor is a common fault. The initial solution is to shut down the system first and then perform offline calibration. This method has great difficulties in implementation, not only has low efficiency, but also will cause certain time costs and economic losses. With the development of equipment gradually automated and intelligent, the online automatic balancing technology that can suppress the unbalanced vibration of the rotor online has developed rapidly, and is currently mainly used in machine tool spindles, grinding machines and other fields.

The common balancing methods of online automatic balancing devices include motor type, liquid injection type and electromagnetic slip ring type. Among them, motor-type products have almost occupied the entire share of the automatic balancing market in the grinding machine field due to the advantages of no complicated auxiliary system, simple operation, and fast balancing speed. The motor-type automatic balancing device refers to a balancing device that uses a motor to drive a balancing mass to change the mass distribution in the device, thereby suppressing the unbalanced vibration of the rotor. The device was originally proposed by Van DeVegte in 1964. It uses two motors powered by carbon brush slip rings to realize the online controllable rotation of the counterweight through the worm gear drive and the internal and external ring gear structure. However, the transmission system is relatively complicated and the processing It is very difficult and can only be installed in the shaft and at the end of the shaft, so it is not suitable for occasions that need to be installed through the shaft. The permanent magnet differential frequency motor drive balance device proposed by Harbin Institute of Technology consists of two movable trolleys as two counterweight masses. This device has high requirements for the measurement accuracy of the rotor speed and takes up a large space. It has certain practical applications. limitations. In order to simplify the transmission structure of the motor-type balancing device, Xi'an Jiaotong University designed a piezoelectric online dynamic balancing actuator (patent No. CN108134537A) that can be installed inside the rotor, which realizes energy transfer between the stator and the mover through the piezoelectric effect. transmission, thereby driving the movement of the mass of the counterweight in the moving plate; Beijing University of Chemical Technology designed an integrated ultrasonic motor automatic balancing device (patent No. compensation quality. But there is no report yet about the motor-type automatic balancing device of the wearable shaft.

Therefore, the present invention designs a new type of motor-type automatic balancing device that can be installed through the shaft. Compared with the traditional motor-type balancing device, the transmission system such as worm gear and worm is eliminated, which greatly simplifies the difficulty of device manufacturing, and can be achieved by multiple ultrasonic motors. The combination drives the counterweight to step and rotate, which effectively improves the balance ability of the device, and through the gear transmission mechanism between the motor and the counterweight, effectively reduces the controllable step angle of the device, thereby improving the balance accuracy of the device.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft.

1) The selected ultrasonic motor can provide self-locking torque through the friction between the stator and the rotor under the condition that the motor is not running, so that the counterweight can be fixed. Therefore, compared with the traditional motor-type balancing device, transmission systems such as worm gears and worms are eliminated, which greatly simplifies the difficulty of device manufacturing and helps reduce product size;

2) The counterweight can be driven to rotate step by step through the combination of multiple ultrasonic motors, which can effectively improve the balance ability of the device under the condition of satisfying the self-balance of the device, and the ultrasonic motors on the left and right parts are arranged in a staggered and uniform manner along the circumferential direction, effectively saving the balance Axial installation space of the device;

3) Through the gear transmission mechanism between the motor and the counterweight, the controllable step angle of the device can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the balance accuracy of the device;

4) There are two ways to form the eccentric mass, which can be to install a semi-circular eccentric weight block on the side of the counterweight plate, or to drill holes on one side of the counterweight plate to remove the weight, and to combine the eccentric mass of the left and right counterweight plates , to form a correction mass to compensate the initial unbalance of the rotor under test;

6) There are two control methods for the ultrasonic motor: one is to use the slip ring structure to realize the dynamic and static transmission of the control signal; the other is to install a rechargeable battery and a control module that can receive the control signal wirelessly in the device to realize the control command. Wireless delivery.

The motor output end of the motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through the shaft of the present invention drives the gear part, and transmits torque to the ring gear through two planetary gears, and then drives the weight plate to rotate, changing the mass distribution inside the device to achieve automatic balance.

A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention is divided into a first component and a second component; the first component and the second component are connected through a bearing 19 and assembled by gear meshing.

The first component is a component that can act independently of the device under operating conditions, and is composed of a gear part and a counterweight part. The gear part includes a planetary wheel 14 and an inner ring gear 13 ; the counterweight part includes a counterweight plate 11 and a counterweight 10 . Through the engagement of the gear parts in the first assembly, the counterweight part is driven to rotate, so that the counterweight 10 reaches the target phase.

The counterweight part in the first assembly is connected and fixed with the ring gear 13 by several evenly distributed bolts, so as to ensure that the counterweight part can be driven to rotate. The counterweight 10 in the counterweight part is semi-circular, and the side of the counterweight 10 is in direct contact with the counterweight plate 11 and is fixedly connected by threads. That is, the counterweight 10, the counterweight plate 11 and the ring gear 13 are fixed without relative movement. Wherein, the thickness of the counterweight 10 is adjusted according to the required balance ability. The counterweight plate 11 and the inner ring gear 13 adopt a double seam centering connection structure on the end face, and the two end faces are convex seam and concave seam respectively. , fastened by screws evenly distributed around a circle. The bearing hole of the counterweight plate 11 is closely matched with the outer circular surface of the bearing 9, which is an interference connection. When the online automatic balancing device is running, since the balanced rotor itself is also rotating, rolling bearings are used to connect the first component and the second component, and at the same time play a supporting role for the counterweight part.

The structures of the two chambers in the first assembly are similar, and the center of the "I"-shaped frame shell 4 is used as a mirror image for installation. In the first assembly, the outer diameter of the inner ring gear 13 is larger than that of the standard part, and the position where the diameter is greater than the diameter of the dedendum circle is used as the reference circle, and evenly distributed threaded holes are provided. The whole first assembly is connected with the motor shaft at the position of the planetary gear through the key 12, and the length of the key cannot exceed the thickness of the planetary gear 14. There is an interference fit between the motor shaft and the planetary gear 14 , and a keyway structure is provided on the mating surfaces of the two. The planetary gear 14 transmits torque through gear meshing, and drives the entire counterweight part to rotate. The motor shaft is a stepped shaft, except that the keyway is used to connect the pinion, and the shaft shoulder structure is set to axially fix the planetary gear 14 to prevent movement. The motor shaft has a certain axial distance near the motor 16 side, so as to reserve enough space for the bolts to prevent collisions between parts when the device is running. In the left chamber, the axial positioning is completed by the stepped sleeve 9 between the bearing 19 of the counterweight part and the end face of the motor driver 8 , and the positioning is completed by the flat sleeve 20 in the right chamber. On the one hand, it is to prevent the contact between the two, which will affect the balance effect of the whole device; on the other hand, the size or thickness of the counterweight 10 can be changed, and the balance capability of the device can be adjusted according to the operating conditions of the rotor 22 to be balanced.

The motor-type online automatic balancing device involved in the present invention has two chambers corresponding to the spaces of the two calibration surfaces. As shown in FIG. 3 , the device is provided with multiple motors. Taking two motors as an example, one group of motors 16a and 16b is located in the chamber where plane I is corrected, and the other group is located in the chamber where plane II is corrected. The two correction surfaces are exactly the positions of the center of gravity of the balance weight, and two groups of counterweight parts are supported by bearings 19 . The installation position of the motor is left in the partition structure of the "I"-shaped skeleton shell 4, and the motor is fixed by embedding the partition and fastened with threads. The center of each motor embedded in the partition is at a distance from the center of the gear transmission system. distance decision. A circular hole is opened in the center of the partition, and in order to avoid contact with the outer surface of the rotor to cause collision, the diameter of the circular hole should be larger than the diameter of the outer surface of the rotor.

In the first component, there are two ways to form the eccentric mass: adding weight and removing weight. That is, a semicircular eccentric weight 10 can be installed on the side of the weight plate 11, or it can be removed by drilling a hole on one side of the weight plate 11. The eccentric mass synthesized by the left and right counterweight plates is used to form a correction mass to compensate the initial unbalance of the rotor under test.

The second component refers to the component that is fixedly connected with the balanced rotor 22 and rotates together with the balanced rotor 22 during the operation of the device, and is composed of the housing part, the motor driver 8 and the motor 16 . The housing part is composed of the drive side housing 1 , the “I” type frame housing 4 and the end cover 5 . The driver-side casing 1 leaves a space while wrapping the motor driver, and a wiring hole is provided at a position corresponding to the driver power interface. The driver-side casing 1 is provided with threaded holes on the outer surface of the smallest diameter for fixed connection with the balanced rotor 22; several threaded holes are evenly distributed on the largest outer surface to pass through the "I"-shaped skeleton casing 4 The bolt connection is relatively fixed; and there is an installation through hole corresponding to the drive motor wire hole at the largest outer circular surface, and the hole diameter must ensure that the motor wire can pass through smoothly to connect to the motor. The smallest inner circular surface of the housing structure coincides with the rotor, the largest inner circular surface coincides with the outer side of the motor driver, and there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces. The "I"-shaped skeleton shell 4 is the longest shell in the axial direction of the whole device. After being cut along the plane passing through the axis, the section is "I"-shaped. The shell structure has three sides that are respectively in contact with the drive side shell 1, the drive 8, and the end cover 5. Uniformly distributed threaded holes are arranged at the corresponding positions, and installation through holes for the motor wires are set in the outer circular surface, so that the drive interface The motor line is connected to the corresponding motor position along the position of the installation through hole. Similarly, corresponding threaded holes are provided in the “I”-shaped frame housing 4 for fixing the position of the motor 16 .

The second assembly part also includes a motor driver 8, the overall structure of the motor driver 8 is circular, and the size of the motor driver 8 is reduced as much as possible while ensuring that the function of the circuit board can be realized. The motor driver 8 is provided with installation through holes distributed at equal intervals at the ring connected to the "I"-shaped frame housing. The driving end interface of the motor line is arranged on the outer surface of the motor driver 8, and the driving end interface of the power line is arranged at the left end surface of the driver. A certain gap is provided between the smallest inner circle surface of the motor driver 8 and the rotor to prevent collisions, and there is no direct contact.

The motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through the shaft of the present invention is powered on the left side or the right side of the second component. There are two power connection methods: one is to connect the wire to the battery through the corresponding wiring hole to provide power for the driver, and the other is to install a slip ring structure. The rotor end of the slip ring 21 is fixedly connected to the balanced rotor 22, and the outgoing wire of the rotor is connected to the motor driver 8; the outgoing wire of the stator is connected to a fixed power supply. What motor 16 has adopted is a miniature ultrasonic motor. Under the operating conditions of the device, the micromechanical vibration generated by the inverse piezoelectric effect is converted into the rotational motion of the motor shaft inside the motor, and then the torque is transmitted through the transmission system to drive the corresponding counterweights on the two planes to rotate, thereby adjusting the two counterweights The number of steps and the rotation angle of the step make the resulting balance vector compensate the unbalance vector generated by the balanced rotor 22, so as to achieve the effect of timely suppressing the unbalanced vibration of the rotor.

A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft of the present invention is directly driven by an ultrasonic motor, and does not need additional complicated auxiliary devices. The selected ultrasonic motor can realize the fixing of the counterweight through the self-locking torque provided by the friction between the stator and the rotor under non-operating conditions. Therefore, compared with the traditional motor-type balancing device, transmission systems such as worm gears and worms are eliminated, which greatly simplifies the difficulty of device manufacturing and helps reduce product size.

At the same time, the focus of the design of the present invention is to combine multiple ultrasonic motors to drive the gear transmission system, while effectively improving the balance ability of the device; this structure can effectively reduce the controllable step angle of the device, thereby improving the balance of the device precision.

A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through the shaft of the present invention can realize the compensation of the unbalance through two ways of adding weight and removing weight, and the size of the counterweight can be adjusted according to different application conditions. more extensive.

The motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through the shaft of the present invention has a hollow structure as a whole, can be installed in the shaft, and the selection of its installation position is more flexible when it is applied to the balanced rotor system.

The structure of the device is simple and the overall size is small, and it can be installed modularly. It does not need to destroy the original structure of the balanced rotor and the integrity of the equipment during installation, and the part can be adjusted without changing the designed structure of the device during actual operation. Dimensional parameters, with good structural adaptability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a general structural design diagram of a motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a semi-sectional view of the core structure of a motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural design diagram of the gear drive part of a motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are schematic diagrams of the formation of eccentric mass of a motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of eccentric mass formation; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of eccentric mass formation b.

In the figure: 1. Drive side shell, 4. "I" type skeleton shell, 5. End cover, 8. Motor driver, 9. Stepped sleeve, 10. Counterweight, 11. Counterweight plate, 12. Key, 13, ring gear, 14, planetary gear, 16, motor, 19, bearing, 20, flat sleeve, 21 slip ring, 22 balanced rotor

Detailed ways

1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of a motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to the present invention, which is mainly composed of a first component, a second component and a slip ring structure. Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in FIG. 2 , the counterweight 10 is fixed in the reserved end face groove of the counterweight plate 11 through threaded connection, and the two rolling bearings 19 are respectively interference-connected to the bearing holes of the left and right counterweight plates. On the other side of the counterweight plate 11, the inner ring gear 13 is fixedly assembled through a threaded connection uniformly distributed around the circle, and the two end faces are closely attached to each other in a way of centering connection with double spigots. That is, the counterweight plate 11, the counterweight block 10 and the ring gear 13 are fixed without relative movement. As shown in FIG. 3 , the planetary gear 14 is connected and fixed on the output shaft of the motor 16 through a key 12 . The device adopts a symmetrical structure with two left and right chambers. As a power device, multiple motors 16 are divided into two groups of the same number and installed back to back in the left and right chambers of the "I"-shaped skeleton shell 4, and are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. , The position is fixed by the partition structure embedded in the "I"-shaped skeleton shell. Then the motor 16 with the planetary gear 14 is installed respectively in the left and right sides chambers of the "I" type frame housing 4.

First, the bearing 19 with the counterweight part and the ring gear 13 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the balanced rotor 22, inserted into the flat sleeve 20 to complete the axial positioning, and then the end cover 5 is installed, and the end cover 5 passes through The threaded connection evenly distributed around the circle is fixed. Insert the "I" type frame housing 4 with the motor 16 and the planetary gear 14 from the other end, and coincide with the end face of the end cover 5 to be fixedly connected with threads. Use the same method to complete the connection of the counterweight part in the left chamber, the ring gear 13 and the bearing 19, and insert the stepped sleeve 9 to achieve axial positioning. Then assemble the motor driver 8, and fix it on the left side of the "I"-shaped skeleton shell 4 through the uniformly distributed threaded holes of the outer ring. Finally, it is inserted into the driver side casing 1, which is consistent with the structure of the end cover 5. There are a number of threaded holes evenly distributed on the smallest outer circle, and it is fixedly installed with the balanced rotor 22 through threaded tight connection. During the installation process, attention should be paid to the corresponding positions of the two wiring holes, that is, the motor wiring and the power wiring. After the installation is completed, debug the online automatic balancing device to ensure that the device starts up safely and achieves the required balancing effect.

The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the device, not all examples, and do not limit the scope of application of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft, characterized in that: it includes a first assembly and a second assembly; the first assembly and the second assembly are connected by a bearing (19) and assembled by gear engagement; The first assembly consists of a gear part and a counterweight part; the gear part includes a planetary gear (14) and an inner ring gear (13); the counterweight part includes a counterweight plate (11) and a counterweight block (10); in the first assembly Through the meshing of the gear parts, the counterweight part is driven to rotate, so that the counterweight (10) reaches the target phase; The second component refers to the component that is fixedly connected with the balanced rotor (22) and rotates together with the balanced rotor (22) during the operation of the device, and is composed of a housing part, a motor driver (8) and a motor (16) ;The housing part is composed of the driver side housing (1), the "I"-shaped skeleton housing (4) and the end cover (5); the driver side housing (1) is provided with wiring at the position corresponding to the driver power interface holes; the drive side casing (1) is provided with threaded holes on the outer surface of the smallest diameter, which is used for fixed connection with the balanced rotor (22); several threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the largest outer surface, and are aligned with "I" The frame shell (4) is relatively fixed through bolt connection; and the largest outer circular surface is provided with an installation through hole corresponding to the motor wire hole of the motor driver; the smallest inner circular surface of the shell structure coincides with the rotor, and the largest inner circular surface matches the The outer sides of the motor drive are matched, and there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces. 2. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the housing part has three sides that are respectively connected to the drive side housing (1), the motor driver (8) and the end The cover (5) is in contact, and uniformly distributed threaded holes are set at the corresponding positions, and the installation through holes for the motor wires are set in the outer circular surface, so that the motor wires at the motor driver interface are connected to the corresponding motor positions along the positions of the installation through holes ; Corresponding threaded holes are set in the "I" type skeleton housing (4) for fixing the motor (16). 3. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the counterweight part of the first component is connected and fixed to the inner ring gear (13) by several uniformly distributed bolts, It can drive the counterweight part to rotate; the counterweight (10) in the counterweight part is semicircular, and the side of the counterweight (10) is in direct contact with the counterweight plate (11) and is fixedly connected by threads; the counterweight The thickness of the block (10) is adjusted according to the required balance ability; the end surface of the counterweight plate (11) and the inner ring gear (13) adopts a double stop centering connection structure, and the two ends are respectively a convex stop and a concave stop. The double spigot cylinder and the hole adopt a tight clearance fit, and the two end faces are close to each other, and are fastened by screws uniformly distributed around the circumference; the bearing hole of the balance plate (11) and the outer surface of the bearing (19) The tight fit is an interference connection; when the online automatic balancing device is in operation, since the balanced rotor itself is also rotating, the rolling bearing is used to connect the first component and the second component, and at the same time support the counterweight part. 4. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the structure of two chambers in the first assembly, the "I"-shaped skeleton shell (4) The center is installed as a mirror image of the symmetry plane; in the first component, the inner ring gear (13) takes the position whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the dedendum circle as the reference circle, and sets evenly distributed threaded holes; the first component passes through the motor shaft at the position of the planetary gear as a whole The key (12) is connected, and the length of the key does not exceed the thickness of the planetary wheel (14); the motor shaft and the planetary wheel (14) are interference fit, and a keyway structure is set on the mutual mating surface of the two; the planetary wheel (14) Torque is transmitted through gear meshing, which drives the whole counterweight part to rotate; the motor shaft is a stepped shaft, and the shaft shoulder structure is set to axially fix the planetary gear (14) to prevent movement; the motor shaft is close to the motor (16). The axial distance is enough to leave enough space for the bolts to prevent collisions between parts when the device is running; in the left chamber, the bearing (19) of the counterweight part and the end face of the motor driver (8) pass through the stepped sleeve (9) finish axial positioning, then finish positioning by flat sleeve (20) in the right chamber. 5. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor-type online automatic balancing device has two chambers, respectively corresponding to the spaces of the two calibration surfaces; Two motors, the first motor (16a) and the second motor (16b) are a group located in the chamber where the correction I plane is located, and the other group is in the chamber where the correction II plane is located; the two correction planes are the balance The position of the center of gravity of the block is supported by two groups of counterweight parts by bearings (19); the installation position of the motor is reserved in the partition structure of the "I" type skeleton shell (4), the first motor (16a) and the second The motor (16b) is fixed by being embedded in the partition and fastened by threads. The center distance of each motor embedded in the partition is determined by the center distance of the gear transmission system; a circular hole is opened in the center of the partition, and the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the outer surface of the rotor. diameter. 6. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first component, the eccentric mass is formed in two ways: adding weight and removing weight, that is, it can be in the counterweight A semi-circular eccentric weight (10) is installed on the side of the disc (11), or by drilling holes on one side of the counterweight disc (11) to remove the weight, the eccentric mass synthesized by the left and right counterweight discs is used to form a correction mass to compensate The initial unbalance of the rotor under test. 7. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor driver (8) is circular. 8. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor driver (8) is arranged at equal intervals at the ring connected to the "I"-shaped skeleton shell the installation through hole; the driving end interface of the motor line is set on the outer surface of the motor driver (8), and the driving end interface of the power line is set at the left end surface of the driver; between the smallest inner surface of the motor driver (8) and the rotor There is a certain gap to prevent collision, and there is no direct contact. 9. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are two ways to connect power to the side of the second component: one is through the corresponding walking The wire hole is connected to the battery to provide power for the driver, and the other is to install a slip ring; the rotor end of the slip ring (21) is fixedly connected to the balanced rotor (22), and the rotor outlet is connected to the motor driver (8); the stator outlet is connected to to a fixed power source. 10. A motor-type online automatic balancing device that can be installed through a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor (16) is a micro-ultrasonic motor; It is the rotational movement of the motor shaft, and then transmits the torque through the transmission system to drive the counterweights corresponding to the two planes to rotate, so as to adjust the step number and rotation angle of the two counterweights, so that the synthesized balance vector compensates the balanced rotor (22) The unbalanced vector generated can suppress the unbalanced vibration of the rotor in time.

Images