CN114336755B - Auxiliary starting circuit and photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Auxiliary starting circuit and photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114336755B CN114336755B CN202210011363.XA CN202210011363A CN114336755B CN 114336755 B CN114336755 B CN 114336755B CN 202210011363 A CN202210011363 A CN 202210011363A CN 114336755 B CN114336755 B CN 114336755B
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Abstract
本公开的实施例提供了一种供电装置以及光伏发电系统。该供电装置包括：功率转换器，被配置为在其输入侧耦合至功率源，并且在其输出侧耦合至供电目标；以及辅助启动电路，包括辅助负载，辅助启动电路耦合至功率转换器的输出侧，并且被配置为在输出侧的电压达到第一阈值时将辅助负载耦合至输出侧，以及在输出侧的电压达到高于第一阈值的第二阈值时将辅助负载与输出侧解除耦合。通过本公开的方案，可以以低耐压等级的辅助启动电路识别弱电源，从而避免供电不足导致诸如处理器之类的部件的反复启动和诸如主功率继电器之类的电气开关反复吸合。
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power supply device and a photovoltaic power generation system. The power supply device includes: a power converter, configured to be coupled to a power source at its input side and to be coupled to a power supply target at its output side; and an auxiliary starting circuit, including an auxiliary load, the auxiliary starting circuit is coupled to the output side of the power converter, and is configured to couple the auxiliary load to the output side when the voltage on the output side reaches a first threshold, and to decouple the auxiliary load from the output side when the voltage on the output side reaches a second threshold higher than the first threshold. Through the scheme of the present disclosure, a weak power supply can be identified by an auxiliary starting circuit with a low withstand voltage level, thereby avoiding repeated starting of components such as a processor and repeated closing of electrical switches such as a main power relay due to insufficient power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly, to an auxiliary starting circuit and a photovoltaic power generation system including the same.
Background
In order to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate the environmental impact of fossil energy, new energy industries such as photovoltaic power generation are receiving increasing attention and are rapidly developing. Photovoltaic power generation technology utilizes the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. In general, in addition to photovoltaic cells for effecting conversion of light energy to electrical energy, photovoltaic power generation systems may also include a series of electrical devices, such as photovoltaic optimizers, electrical switches, power modules, etc., to assist in outputting electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic cells to a back-end system such as a power grid, bus bar, or the like.
Further, in order to control and drive the above-mentioned electrical apparatus, it is necessary to provide a corresponding control device. Typically, power from the photovoltaic cells can be utilized to power these control devices. However, the output power of the photovoltaic cell is affected by factors such as illumination intensity, shade, temperature, etc., and thus, there may be cases where the output power is insufficient and even it is difficult to support the power demand of the control device, which may adversely affect the control device as well as other parts of the photovoltaic power generation system. For example, when the output power of the photovoltaic cell is insufficient, it may cause the processor in the control device to repeatedly restart, or cause the electrical switch such as the main power relay to repeatedly engage, which severely affects the life of the processor and the main power relay.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an auxiliary starting circuit and a photovoltaic power generation system.
In a first aspect of the disclosure, a power supply apparatus is provided that includes a power converter configured to be coupled to a power source on an input side thereof and to a power supply target on an output side thereof, and an auxiliary start-up circuit including an auxiliary load coupled to the output side of the power converter and configured to couple the auxiliary load to the output side when a voltage of the output side reaches a first threshold, and decouple the auxiliary load from the output side when the voltage of the output side reaches a second threshold that is higher than the first threshold.
In embodiments of the present disclosure, auxiliary loads may be pre-switched on the output side of a power converter of a power supply device to determine whether there is an output power starvation condition of a power source, thereby avoiding repeated restarting of important components such as a processor in a power supply target due to power starvation. Since the auxiliary starting circuit is provided on the output side of the power converter, the auxiliary starting circuit and its auxiliary load can be realized at a low withstand voltage level, which has advantages of low cost and high safety and reliability.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the power source includes a photovoltaic power source of a photovoltaic power generation system, and the power supply target includes a control and drive assembly of the photovoltaic power generation system. In such implementations, the photovoltaic power sources in the photovoltaic power generation system may appear as weak power sources with insufficient power due to the effects of many factors such as insufficient illumination. The auxiliary starting circuit can help identify whether the photovoltaic power source in the photovoltaic power generation system is a weak power source, thereby avoiding repeated restarting of the processor in the control and drive assembly.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the auxiliary starting circuit is further coupled to the control and drive assembly and is further configured to couple the auxiliary load to the output side based on a first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly, the first voltage signal indicating that the processor in the control and drive assembly has completed initialization, and decouple the auxiliary load from the output side based on a second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly, the second voltage signal indicating that the output voltage of the photovoltaic power source exceeds a third threshold. In such an implementation, after the processor in the control and drive assembly is started and initialized, the auxiliary load may be switched for a second time to determine whether the output power of the photovoltaic power source can support the control and drive of the power module by the control and drive assembly and whether the electrical switch may be turned on, so that the repeated actuation of the electrical switch caused by insufficient power supply is avoided.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, an auxiliary startup circuit includes at least one load leg, each load leg including an auxiliary load and a switching switch in series and coupled to an output side of a power converter, and a first leg coupled to a control terminal of the switching switch and the output side of the power converter, the first leg configured to turn on the switching switch based on an output voltage of the output side exceeding a first threshold and turn off the switching switch based on the output voltage of the output side exceeding a second threshold. In such an implementation, the first switching of the auxiliary load can be achieved with a load branch with a switching switch and a first branch for controlling the switching switch, which has the advantage of being simple and reliable.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the auxiliary starting circuit further includes a second leg coupled to the control and drive assembly and including a plurality of resistive elements and at least one switching device, the second leg configured to turn on the switching switch via the first leg based on a first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly and to turn off the switching switch via the first leg based on a second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly. In this implementation, the second switching of the auxiliary load is achieved with a second branch coupled to the control and drive assembly, which has the advantage of being simple and reliable.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the first branch includes a first bias including at least one resistive element coupled between a control terminal of the switching switch and an output side of the power converter such that the switching switch is turned on when an output voltage of the output side exceeds a first threshold, and a second bias including a plurality of resistive elements and at least one switching device coupled between the control terminal of the switching switch and the output side of the power converter such that the switching switch is turned off when the output voltage of the output side exceeds a second threshold. In this implementation, the on and off of the on-off switch is achieved by providing two different biasing portions, respectively.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the power converter includes a plurality of output ports on an output side, and the load leg is configured to be coupled to one of the plurality of output ports with an output voltage that is higher than an output voltage of the other output ports. In such an implementation, auxiliary loads may be made more readily available and less costly.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the second threshold is lower than a voltage corresponding to a start-up voltage of a processor in the control and drive assembly. In such an implementation, repeated activation of the processor in the control and drive assembly during the process of identifying weak power sources may be completely avoided, thereby enabling protection of the processor, such as a DSP.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the at least one load leg includes two load legs connected in parallel with each other. In such implementations, the auxiliary load may employ a higher power level and may reduce the current pressure of switching devices such as bipolar transistors.
In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a photovoltaic power generation system, the protection comprising a photovoltaic power source and a main power circuit, a control and drive assembly configured to control the main power circuit, and a power supply according to the first aspect configured to receive power from the photovoltaic power source and output power to the control and drive assembly.
In some implementations of the present disclosure, the main power circuit includes a power module and an electrical switch coupled in series between the photovoltaic power source and the system load, the control and drive assembly is configured to transmit a signal for turning on the electrical switch after transmitting a voltage signal to couple an auxiliary load of the auxiliary starting circuit to an output side of the power converter and decoupling the auxiliary load from the output side.
It should be understood that what is described in this summary is not intended to limit the critical or essential features of the embodiments of the disclosure nor to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The above and other features, advantages and aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals designate like or similar elements, and wherein:
fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply device and a portion of a peripheral device thereof according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary starting circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
In describing embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "comprising" and its like should be taken to be open-ended, i.e., including, but not limited to. The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like, may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Embodiments of the present disclosure propose an improved power scheme for control and drive assemblies in photovoltaic power generation systems. In the power supply device for supplying power to the control and drive assembly, by arranging an auxiliary starting circuit on the output side of the power converter, an auxiliary load can be switched in advance to determine whether the photovoltaic power supply has a condition that the output power is insufficient and the carrying capacity is poor, so that the situation that the processor in the control and drive assembly is restarted repeatedly due to the insufficient output power is reduced or eliminated. Since the auxiliary starting circuit is provided on the output side of the power converter, the auxiliary starting circuit and its auxiliary load do not need to have a high withstand voltage level.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic power generation system 1000 includes a photovoltaic power source 100 and a main power circuit 200. As an example, the photovoltaic power source 100 may include photovoltaic cells, for example, may include a string of photovoltaic groups formed of photovoltaic cells connected in series and/or parallel to receive light energy and output electrical energy outward. The main power circuit 200 may perform appropriate operations on the output of the photovoltaic power source 100 to provide to the subsequent stage system including, but not limited to, voltage regulation, voltage boosting, voltage dropping, inversion, maximum power point tracking, and the like. In some embodiments, the main power circuit 200 includes a power module 210 and an electrical switch 220, the power module 210 and the electrical switch 220 being coupled between the photovoltaic power source 100 and the system load 2000. The photovoltaic power source 100 may be electrically connected to the power module 210 or disconnected by closing or opening the electrical switch 220. As an example, the power module 210 may be a power converter including a power switching device that achieves a desired power conversion by performing on and off operations on the power switching device. Electrical switches 220 include, but are not limited to, contactors, circuit breakers, disconnectors, air switches, relays, and other suitable types of electrical switches. For example, the power module 210 may be a DC-DC conversion circuit implementing a step-down function, and after the electrical switch 220 is closed, the power module 210 steps down the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 and outputs to the bus bar 600. Alternatively, the power module 210 may be a DC-AC conversion circuit that implements an inversion function, and may be used to convert a DC voltage output from the photovoltaic power supply 100 into an AC voltage after the electrical switch 220 is closed, and output the AC voltage to an AC power grid at a subsequent stage. However, it is to be understood that the implementation of the main power circuit 200 is not so limited, but may include any suitable circuitry and devices necessary for providing power generated by the photovoltaic power source 100 to a subsequent stage system.
The photovoltaic power generation system 1000 may include a control and drive assembly 300, the control and drive assembly 300 configured to control the main power circuit 200. As an example, the control and drive assembly 300 may include components necessary to control and drive the power switching devices for operating the power switching devices in the power module 210. In addition, the control and drive assembly 300 may also be used to control the closing and opening of the electrical switch 220. For example, the control and drive assembly 300 may include a processor such as a DSP (DIGITAL SIGNAL processor) and may include drivers, driver chips, and/or driver circuitry required to drive the power switching devices and electrical switches.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the photovoltaic power generation system 1000 may include a power supply 400, the power supply 400 configured to receive power from the photovoltaic power source 100 and output power to the control and drive assembly 300. In particular, the power supply may utilize the power generated by the photovoltaic power source 100 to power the control and drive assembly 300 to meet the power consumption of active devices such as processors and drivers in the control and drive assembly 300. In fig. 1, the input of the power supply 400 is directly coupled to the output of the photovoltaic power supply 100, whereby power can be obtained directly from the photovoltaic power supply 100.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system 1000 according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure. The photovoltaic power generation system 1000 shown in fig. 2 differs from fig. 1 in that the power input of the power supply 400 is coupled to the bus bar 600. In addition, the main power circuit 200 is slightly different, and in particular, the main power circuit 200 is further provided with a parallel branch 230 coupled in parallel with the electrical switch 220, the parallel branch 230 comprising a resistor and a diode connected in series with each other. In this way, in the event that the electrical switch 220 has not been closed and the power switching devices in the power module 210 are not driven, power of the photovoltaic power source 100 may provide power to the bus bar 600 via the branch 230 and the power module 210 in a naturally rectified state. Thereby, the power supply device 400 can obtain power from the photovoltaic power supply 100 from the bus bar 600. Other configurations of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000 in fig. 2 are similar to those of fig. 1, and thus are not described in detail.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply apparatus 400 and a part of peripheral devices thereof according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The power supply device 400 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power supply 400 may include a power converter 410, the power converter 410 being configured to be coupled to a power source at an input side thereof and to be coupled to a power supply target at an output side thereof. The power source comprises a photovoltaic power source 100 of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000 and the power supply target comprises a control and drive assembly 300 of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000. It will be appreciated that the use scenario of the power supply 400 is not limited thereto, but rather the power converter 410 of the power supply 400 may be coupled to other power sources other than the photovoltaic power source 100 to receive power, and the power converter 410 may supply power to other power supply targets other than the control and drive assembly 300 of the photovoltaic system. As an example, the power converter 410 may be a DC-DC conversion circuit with an isolation transformer, such as a forward converter or a flyback converter, whereby the control and drive assembly 300, which is the power supply target, may receive input power from the photovoltaic power source 100 at the primary side of the isolation transformer and output power at the secondary side thereof, and further may provide output voltages of various voltage levels, such as 12V, 4.5V, 3.3V, etc., by arranging a plurality of secondary windings with different numbers of turns at the secondary side of the isolation transformer, thereby satisfying different requirements of various components within the control and drive assembly 300 for the power supply voltage levels.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power supply apparatus 400 may further include an auxiliary starting circuit 420, the auxiliary starting circuit 420 including an auxiliary load RL. The auxiliary startup circuit 420 is coupled to the output side of the power converter 410 and is configured to couple the auxiliary load RL to the output side when the voltage on the output side reaches a first threshold and decouple the auxiliary load RL from the output side when the voltage on the output side reaches a second threshold that is higher than the first threshold. As an example, the auxiliary start-up circuit 420 may be electrically connected to the output side of the power converter 410, e.g. to one output port of the output side, wherein the auxiliary load RL in the auxiliary start-up circuit 420 is electrically connected to the output side in a disconnectable manner, e.g. to an associated output port. When the photovoltaic power supply 100 receives light and starts outputting electric power, the input side of the power converter 410 receives the power output by the photovoltaic power supply 100 and starts operating, whereby the voltage of the output side will gradually rise. The voltage at the output side of the power converter 410 reaching a predefined first threshold means that the power converter 410 receives power from the photovoltaic power source 100 and starts outputting power to the control and drive assembly 300. When the voltage on the output side of the power converter 410 reaches a first threshold, the auxiliary start circuit 420 may switch the auxiliary load RL into the output side of the power converter 410 upon triggering or action of the voltage on the output side, the auxiliary load RL may be a resistor or resistors in series and/or parallel of a higher power level, such resistors for the auxiliary load RL including but not limited to cement resistance. At this time, although the control and drive assembly 300 receives input power, components such as a processor in the control and drive assembly 300 have not been activated due to the low voltage. After switching in the auxiliary load RL, if the voltage on the output side of the power converter 410 drops, even a power loss and a restart occurs, it means that the photovoltaic power supply 100 is a weak power supply, i.e. the power of the photovoltaic power supply 100 is insufficient to support the starting and initialization of components such as the processor in the control and drive assembly 300, while if the voltage on the output side of the power converter 410 continues to rise and reaches a second threshold value, it means that the power of the photovoltaic power supply 100 is sufficient to support the starting and initialization of components such as the processor. Upon triggering or action of the voltage reaching the second threshold, the auxiliary startup circuit 420 cuts off the connection of the auxiliary load RL to the output side of the power converter 410. It can be seen that the switching-on of the auxiliary load RL can help identify whether the photovoltaic power supply 100 is in a weak power state, which can effectively prevent important components in the control and drive assembly 300, such as the processor, from powering down and repeatedly restarting during startup due to insufficient power of the photovoltaic power supply 100, and prevent the processor from being repeatedly powered up due to incomplete initialization, which can affect the life of the important components, such as the processor, and the reliability of the system operation.
This arrangement is further advantageous in that the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 may be up to hundreds of volts, for example up to 400V or more, while the voltage at the output side of the power converter 410 for powering control circuitry such as the control and drive assembly 300 may be much lower, for example only a few volts or tens of volts. It can be seen that coupling auxiliary starting circuit 420 to the output side of power converter 410 significantly reduces the withstand voltage level of auxiliary starting circuit 420, which facilitates more flexible selection of components in auxiliary starting circuit 420, and facilitates reducing the cost of auxiliary starting circuit 420 and improving the reliability of the circuit as a whole, as compared to coupling auxiliary starting circuit 420 to the output of photovoltaic power supply 100 to detect or test a weak power supply.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the auxiliary starting circuit 420 includes a load leg 421, and a first leg 422, the load leg 421 including an auxiliary load RL and a switching switch Q1 in series and coupled to an output side of the power converter 410, the first leg 422 coupled to a control terminal of the switching switch Q1 and the output side of the power converter 410, the first leg 422 configured to turn on the switching switch Q1 based on an output voltage of the output side exceeding a first threshold, and to turn off the switching switch Q1 based on an output voltage of the output side exceeding a second threshold. It will be appreciated that the load branch 421 may be a single branch or a plurality of branches in parallel, wherein each branch includes an auxiliary load RL and a switching switch Q1. For example only, the auxiliary load RL may include two cement resistors in parallel, and the switching switch Q1 may be a bipolar transistor.
As an example, when the output side voltage of the power converter 410 reaches a first threshold, the first branch 422 coupled to the output side of the power converter 410 triggers the on-switch Q1 to turn on, which causes the auxiliary load RL to be coupled to ground through the on-switch Q1 and thus form a loop. In some embodiments, the first leg 422 includes a first bias 4221, the first bias 4221 including resistors R1 and R2 coupled between the control terminal of the switching switch Q1 and the output side of the power converter 410 such that the switching switch Q1 is turned on when the output voltage of the output side exceeds a first threshold. For example, the resistors R1 and R2 may constitute a voltage divider, and thus the voltage on the output side is transmitted to the control terminal of the switching switch Q1, for example, the base of the transistor Q1 by voltage division, thus raising the potential of the control terminal of the switching switch Q1, thereby turning on the switching switch Q1. Alternatively, the first bias portion 4221 may also include a single resistor coupled between the control terminal of the switching switch Q1 and the output side of the power converter 410, or include a voltage divider composed of more resistors, which may also enable the on operation of the switching switch Q1.
As an example, when the output side voltage of the power converter 410 exceeds the second threshold, the first branch 422 coupled to the output side of the power converter 410 may trigger the switching switch Q1 to turn off, which disconnects the auxiliary load RL from ground, and thus the conductive loop of the load branch 421 is cut off. In some embodiments, the first leg 422 includes a second bias 4222, the second bias 4222 including a plurality of resistive elements R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and at least one switching device Q2, Q3, Q4 coupled between the control terminal of the switching switch Q1 and the output side of the power converter 410 such that the switching switch Q1 is turned off when the output voltage of the output side exceeds a second threshold. For example, when the voltage on the output side of the power converter 410 exceeds the second threshold value, the voltage will raise the control terminal potential of the voltage stabilizing device Q4 such as TL431 by the voltage divider constituted by the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, whereby the cathode potential of the voltage stabilizing device Q4 is pulled down. Further, the potential at the gate of the P-type field effect transistor Q3 reaches the trigger voltage via the voltage division action of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the P-type field effect transistor Q3 is turned on. Further, the voltage dividing circuit formed by the resistor R7 and the resistor R8 triggers the N-type field effect transistor switching device Q2 to be turned on after the P-type field effect transistor Q3 is turned on, whereby the potential of the control terminal of the switching switch Q1 is pulled down to the ground potential, so that the switching switch Q1 is turned off.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power converter 410 includes a plurality of output ports on an output side, and the load branch 421 is configured to be coupled to one of the plurality of output ports having an output voltage that is higher than an output voltage of the other output ports. For example, the isolation transformer of the power converter 410 may arrange a plurality of secondary windings of different numbers of turns on the secondary side to provide output voltages of various voltage levels, e.g., 12V, 4.5V, 3.3V, etc. The load branch 421 may be coupled to an output port having a highest output voltage, for example, an output port having a voltage of 12V. This is because, to help identify whether the power output of the photovoltaic power supply 100 is sufficient to support the initialization of important components such as a processor, the auxiliary load RL in the load branch 421 is typically required to meet certain power class requirements, while for loads of the same power class, an auxiliary load RL with a higher voltage rating is more readily available and less costly. In addition, factors of stability of the output voltage may also be considered when selecting the output port coupled to the load branch 421, for example, the load branch 421 may be selected to be coupled to an output port having a main voltage feedback loop.
With the load branch 421 coupled to an output port of, for example, 12V, a processor, such as a DSP, in the control and drive assembly 300 may be powered by the 3.3V output port. The voltage change of the 3.3V output port and the 12V output port are directly related. In other words, as the output voltage of the 12V output port rises or falls, the output voltage of the 3.3V output port will also rise or fall. In some embodiments, the second threshold is lower than a voltage corresponding to a start-up voltage of a processor in the control and drive assembly 300. For example, a processor such as a DSP may start up after the input voltage reaches 2.9V. In the case where the auxiliary initiation circuit 420 is coupled to an output port of 12V, the first threshold may be selected to be 2V and the second threshold may be selected to be 5V. When the output port of 12V reaches 5V, the output port of 3.3V typically just exceeds 2V, which is 2.9V below the start-up voltage of a processor such as a DSP. In this way, the processor, such as the DSP, will not start to boot up until the output side voltage of the power converter 410 exceeds the second threshold and the auxiliary load RL is cut off, which may avoid repeatedly booting up the processor in the control and drive assembly 300 during the process of identifying a weak power source with the auxiliary load RL. However, it will be appreciated that the second threshold may also be set higher so that it is higher than the voltage corresponding to the starting voltage of the processor, thereby starting the processor before the auxiliary load RL is cut off. In this case, even if the time to cut off the auxiliary load RL is delayed, since the auxiliary load RL is turned on after the output voltage exceeds the first threshold, the detection of the weak power supply is also facilitated to avoid starting the processor in the case of insufficient load capacity of the power supply.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, auxiliary startup circuit 420 is further coupled to control and drive assembly 300 and is further configured to couple auxiliary load RL to the output side based on a first voltage signal from control and drive assembly 300 that indicates that the processor in control and drive assembly 300 has completed initialization, and decouple auxiliary load RL from the output side based on a second voltage signal from control and drive assembly 300 that indicates that the output voltage of photovoltaic power supply 100 exceeds a third threshold after control and drive assembly 300 has issued the first voltage signal. As an example, as described previously, during the first switching of the auxiliary load RL in the load branch 421, if no power loss occurs to the power converter 410, it means that the output power of the photovoltaic power source 100 is sufficient to support the start-up and initialization of the processor in the control and drive assembly 300. As the voltage at each output port of the power converter 410 increases and reaches the normal output voltage, the processor in the control and drive assembly 300 will be started and initialized. The control and drive assembly 300 may issue a first voltage signal indicating that the processor has completed initialization. The auxiliary starting circuit 420 may switch the auxiliary load RL back on the output side of the power converter 410 based on the first voltage signal to continue to determine whether the output power of the photovoltaic power source 100 is sufficient to support the subsequent control and driving of the power module 210 by the control and driving assembly 300 by means of the auxiliary load RL. If the photovoltaic power supply 100 cannot support the subsequent demand, the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 will drop or the power converter 410 will be powered down after the second access to the auxiliary load RL, whereas if the photovoltaic power supply 100 can support the subsequent demand, the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 may be kept above a third threshold value, which may be preset in the control and drive assembly 300 according to the specific situation of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000 (e.g., the configuration of the photovoltaic power supply 100). The control and drive assembly 300 may obtain the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 through a device such as a voltage sensing device, and when it is determined that the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 is above a third threshold, the control and drive assembly 300 may issue a second voltage signal to the auxiliary starting circuit 420 to cause the auxiliary starting circuit 420 to cut the auxiliary load RL from the output side of the power conversion circuit 410. In one embodiment, the voltage control and drive assembly 300 may also wait a certain time, e.g., 10 seconds, if the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 drops below the third threshold, when the auxiliary load RL is switched on the output side of the power converter 410 a second time, after which the control and drive assembly 300 may issue a second voltage signal to cut off the auxiliary load RL if the output voltage rises again to a fourth threshold that is greater than the third threshold.
After the auxiliary load RL is cut off, the control and drive assembly 300 may signal to turn on the electrical switch 220. With the electrical switch 220 turned on, the power module 210 will perform power conversion under the control and driving of the control and driving module 300 to provide the output power of the photovoltaic power source 100 to the rear-stage system, thereby completing the start-up of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000. An additional step of determination may be provided during the control of the turning on of the electrical switch 220, in particular, if the output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply 100 drops below a third threshold value after the turning on of the electrical switch 220, the voltage control and drive assembly 300 may wait a certain time, for example 10 seconds, after which the control and drive assembly 300 may confirm that the start-up of the photovoltaic power generation system 1000 was successful if the output voltage again rises to a fourth threshold value that is greater than the third threshold value.
It can be seen that by switching the auxiliary load RL a second time, it can be tested in advance whether the power of the photovoltaic power supply 100 supports the control and drive assembly 300 to control and drive the power module 210 and whether the electrical switch 220 can be turned on, so as to avoid repeated actuation of the electrical switch 220 in case of insufficient power of the photovoltaic power supply 100.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the auxiliary starting circuit 420 further includes a second leg 423 coupled to the control and drive assembly 300 and including a plurality of resistors R9, R10 and at least one switching device Q5, the second leg 423 being configured to turn on the switching switch Q1 via the first leg 422 based on a first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly 300 and to turn off the switching switch Q1 via the first leg 422 based on a second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly 300. As an example, when the second branch 423 receives the first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly 300, the first voltage signal increases the base voltage of the bipolar transistor Q5 and triggers the bipolar transistor Q5 to turn on via the voltage division of the resistor R9 and the resistor R10. Since the collector of the bipolar transistor Q5 is connected to the gate of the N-type field effect transistor Q2, the gate potential of the N-type field effect transistor Q2 is grounded, resulting in the N-type field effect transistor Q2 being turned off. After the N-type field effect transistor Q2 is turned off, the potential of the control terminal of the switching switch Q1 is not grounded any more, but is restored to the voltage divided by the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, which re-triggers the switching switch Q1 to be turned on. When the second branch 423 receives the second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly 300, the bipolar transistor Q5 is turned off and the N-type field effect transistor Q2 is turned back on, thus grounding the control terminal of the switching switch Q1, which causes the switching switch Q1 to be turned off. In this way, the auxiliary load RL can be switched a second time simply and effectively based on the control signal from the control and drive assembly 300.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary startup circuit 420 according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the auxiliary starting circuit 420 may include two load branches 421-1 and 421-1 connected in parallel with each other. In this way, the auxiliary load RL can take a higher power level and, due to the parallel load branches, the current pressure of a switching device such as a bipolar transistor can be reduced. In some embodiments, instead of a P-type field effect transistor, the switching device Q3 in the second bias 4222 of the first leg 422 may use a photo-coupler switch. The optical coupler switch has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, long service life and high reliability. It will be appreciated that the above-mentioned switching devices Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 are not limited to the types of switches shown in the figures, but may be other suitable types of switching devices including, but not limited to, insulated gate bipolar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator, IGBTs), junction Field-Effect Transistor, JFETs, bipolar Junction transistors (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJTs), metal-Oxide-Semiconductor FIELD EFFECT transistors, MOSFETs, gate turn-off thyristors (Gate Turn Off thyristor, GTO), MOS-controlled thyristors (MOS-Controlled Thyristor, MCTs), integrated gate commutated thyristors (INTEGRATED GATE-Commutated Thyristor, IGCT), silicon carbide (SiC) switching devices, gallium nitride (GaN) switching devices, or the like. The other configuration in fig. 4 is similar to that of fig. 3, and thus will not be described again.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the disclosure set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the disclosure are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, while the foregoing description and related drawings describe example embodiments in the context of certain example combinations of components and/or functions, it should be appreciated that different combinations of components and/or functions may be provided by alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In this regard, for example, other combinations of different components and/or functions than those explicitly described above are also contemplated as being within the scope of the present disclosure. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (11)
1.A power supply apparatus (400), comprising:
a power converter (410) configured to be coupled to a power source at an input side of the power converter and to a power supply target at an output side of the power converter, the power supply target comprising a control and drive assembly (300), and
An auxiliary start-up circuit (420) comprising an auxiliary load (RL), the auxiliary start-up circuit (420) being coupled to the output side of the power converter (410) and configured to couple the auxiliary load (RL) to the output side of the power converter when a voltage of the output side of the power converter reaches a first threshold value such that the auxiliary load (RL) receives output power from the power converter at the output side of the power converter, and decouple the auxiliary load (RL) from the output side of the power converter when the voltage of the output side of the power converter reaches a second threshold value higher than the first threshold value.
2. The power supply device (400) of claim 1, wherein the power source comprises a photovoltaic power source (100) of a photovoltaic power generation system (1000), and the power supply target comprises a control and drive assembly (300) of the photovoltaic power generation system (1000).
3. The power supply device (400) of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary startup circuit (420) is further coupled to the control and drive assembly (300) and is further configured to couple the auxiliary load (RL) to the output side of the power converter based on a first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly (300) that indicates that a processor in the control and drive assembly (300) has completed initialization, and decouple the auxiliary load (RL) from the output side of the power converter based on a second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly (300) that indicates that an output voltage of the photovoltaic power supply (100) exceeds a third threshold after the control and drive assembly (300) issues the first voltage signal.
4. A power supply device (400) according to claim 3, wherein the auxiliary starting circuit (420) comprises:
at least one load branch (421), each load branch (421) comprising an auxiliary load (RL) and a switching switch (Q1) in series and being coupled to the output side of the power converter (410), and
-A first branch (422) coupled to a control terminal of the switching switch (Q1) and the output side of the power converter (410), the first branch (422) being configured to switch on the switching switch (Q1) based on an output voltage of the output side of the power converter exceeding a first threshold, and to switch off the switching switch (Q1) based on an output voltage of the output side of the power converter exceeding a second threshold.
5. The power supply device (400) of claim 4, wherein the auxiliary starting circuit (420) further comprises:
-a second branch (423) coupled to the control and drive assembly (300) and comprising a plurality of resistive elements (R9, R10) and at least one switching device (Q5), the second branch (423) being configured to switch on the switching switch (Q1) via the first branch (422) based on the first voltage signal from the control and drive assembly (300) and to switch off the switching switch (Q1) via the first branch (422) based on the second voltage signal from the control and drive assembly (300).
6. The power supply device (400) according to claim 4, wherein the first branch (422) comprises:
A first bias part (4221) including at least one resistor element (R1, R2) coupled between a control terminal of the switching switch (Q1) and an output side of the power converter (410) such that the switching switch (Q1) is turned on when an output voltage of the output side of the power converter exceeds the first threshold value, and
A second bias section (4222) comprising a plurality of resistive elements (R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8) and at least one switching device (Q2, Q3, Q4) coupled between a control terminal of the switching switch (Q1) and an output side of the power converter (410) such that the switching switch (Q1) is turned off when an output voltage of the output side of the power converter exceeds a second threshold.
7. The power supply device (400) of claim 4, wherein the power converter (410) comprises a plurality of output ports located on the output side of the power converter, and the load branch (421) is configured to be coupled to one of the plurality of output ports, the output voltage of the one output port being higher than the output voltages of the other output ports.
8. A power supply device (400) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second threshold value is lower than a voltage corresponding to a start-up voltage of a processor in the control and drive assembly (300).
9. The power supply device (400) according to claim 4, wherein the at least one load branch (421) comprises two load branches connected in parallel to each other.
10.A photovoltaic power generation system (1000), comprising:
a photovoltaic power supply (100) and a main power circuit (200);
A control and drive assembly (300) configured to control the main power circuit (200), and
The power supply device (400) according to any of claims 1 to 9, configured to receive power from the photovoltaic power source (100) and output power to the control and drive assembly (300).
11. The photovoltaic power generation system (1000) of claim 10, wherein the main power circuit (200) comprises a power module (210) and an electrical switch (220) coupled in series between the photovoltaic power source (100) and a system load (2000), the control and drive assembly (300) being configured to send a signal for turning on the electrical switch (220) after sending a voltage signal to couple the auxiliary load (RL) of the auxiliary starting circuit (420) to an output side of the power converter (410) and decouple the auxiliary load (RL) from the output side of the power converter.
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| CN115826670A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-03-21 | 重庆阿斯潘科技有限公司 | A photovoltaic power optimizer startup control method |
| CN116131575A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-05-16 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Power conversion apparatus and control method thereof |
| TWI846372B (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2024-06-21 | 光寶科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking device and operation method thereof |
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| US8395919B2 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2013-03-12 | General Electric Company | Photovoltaic inverter system and method of starting same at high open-circuit voltage |
| TWI424658B (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2014-01-21 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Solar inverter and solar inverter control method |
| CN102570787B (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2015-08-05 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | A kind of circuit for photovoltaic inverter system accessory power supply |
| CN102611293A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-25 | 北京昆兰新能源技术有限公司 | Circuit for reducing repeated start frequency of auxiliary power supply of photovoltaic inverter |
| CN104348347B (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2017-02-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Starting circuit for auxiliary power supply of photovoltaic inverter |
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| CN101807850A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-08-18 | 合肥日源电气信息技术有限公司 | Circuit capable of avoiding repeatedly starting and stopping auxiliary power supply of photovoltaic inverter |
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