CN114333530B - A Human Body Model Applied in ECMO Simulation Training - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a human body model applied to ECMO simulation training, comprising a model body and an imitation heart container arranged on the model body. The venous, femoral, jugular, and carotid canals, the upper end of the femoral venous canal, the lower end of the jugular venous canal, and the aortic canal are connected by a three-way valve, the upper end of the femoral canal, the lower end of the carotid canal, and the aorta The tubes are connected through a three-way valve, and the upper end of the jugular vein tube, the lower end of the femoral vein tube, the upper end of the carotid artery tube, and the lower end of the femoral artery tube can be detachably connected with a needle tube. The manikin allows students to master the clinical operation of ECMO, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace the broken tube.

Description

A Human Body Model Applied in ECMO Simulation Training

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ECMO simulation training, in particular to a human body model applied to ECMO simulation training.

Background technique

Extra-corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (English: Extra-corporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Abbreviation: ECMO) is a medical emergency equipment used to perform extracorporeal respiration and circulation for patients during cardiopulmonary surgery. It can also be used in severe heart and lung failure, heart transplantation and other operations. In addition to temporarily replacing the patient's cardiopulmonary function and reducing the patient's cardiopulmonary burden, it can also buy more treatment time for medical staff.

The principle of ECMO is to draw venous blood from the body out of the body, and then inject it into the patient's arterial or venous system after artificial cardiopulmonary bypass oxygenation with a special material, which plays a role in partial cardiopulmonary replacement and maintains the oxygenated blood supply of human organs and tissues. During ECMO operation, blood is drawn from the veins, through the membrane lung to absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. When the patient's lung function is severely damaged and conventional treatment is ineffective, ECMO can undertake the task of gas exchange, keep the lungs at rest, and buy precious time for the patient's recovery. Similarly, when the patient's heart function is severely damaged, the blood pump can replace the heart's pumping function and maintain blood circulation.

The frequency of use of ECMO is getting higher and higher, and doctors lack clinical simulation training on ECMO in their usual training. Many interns directly operate on patients for the first time, which is easy to cause treatment due to improper operation. Ineffective, and even cause harm to the patient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a human body model applied to ECMO simulation training, the human body model can enable students to master the clinical operation of ECMO, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace the broken tube.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving its technical problem is:

A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training, comprising a model body and an imitation heart container arranged on the model body, the imitation heart container is provided with a main venous tube and an aortic tube, and the model body is provided with There are femoral vein, femoral artery, jugular vein and carotid artery, the upper end of the femoral vein, the lower end of the jugular vein and the main vein are connected by a three-way valve, the upper end of the femoral artery, the carotid artery The lower end of the tube and the aortic tube are connected through a three-way valve, the upper end of the jugular vein tube is detachably connected with a first needle tube, the lower end of the femoral vein tube is detachably connected with a second needle tube, and the jugular vein tube is detachably connected with a second needle tube. The upper end of the arterial tube is detachably connected with a third needle tube, and the lower end of the femoral artery tube is detachably connected with a fourth needle tube.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, a joint device for detachably connecting the jugular vein tube and the first needle tube is provided between the two, and the joint device includes a tubular tube fixed on the upper end of the jugular vein tube a cannula head, a tubular cannula head fixed on the lower end of the first cannula tube, an installation platform is arranged in the cannula head, a first sealing ring is arranged on the installation platform, and the cannula head is installed from The upper port of the cannula head is inserted into the cannula head and can be rotated around the axis of the cannula head. The lower end face presses the first sealing ring to the quick lock assembly.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the number of the quick lock assemblies is two or more. a handle on the handle, a hook rod hinged on the handle, and an annular platform arranged on the outer side wall of the intubation head, the upper surface of the annular platform is provided with an annular buckle groove surrounding the intubation head, The upper end of the hook rod is provided with a hook capable of being fastened in the annular buckle groove.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the jugular vein, femoral vein, carotid artery, and femoral artery are all connected with test tubes, and the test tubes are provided with a first valve that can control their on-off .

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the upper end of the third needle tube is connected with an exhaust cylinder which is in communication therewith, the upper end of the exhaust cylinder has an exhaust hole, and the exhaust cylinder is provided with a device that can float on the water surface. On the floating block, the lower end of the exhaust cylinder is provided with an air intake hole that communicates with the third needle tube, and between the exhaust cylinder and the bottom surface of the floating block, there is an air intake hole that can connect the air intake hole and the exhaust pipe. An air guide channel with air holes conducting, a sealing structure capable of sealing the air vents when the floating block is in a floating state is provided between the floating block and the exhaust cylinder, the floating block and/or the exhaust cylinder An indicating device capable of indicating whether the floating block is in a floating state is provided on the top.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the position of the exhaust cylinder is higher than the position of the upper end of the first needle tube.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the top of the floating block is provided with a conical frustum, the inner side wall of the exhaust hole has a conical surface matched with the conical frustum, and the sealing structure includes a A sealing groove on the outer side wall of the frustum and a second sealing ring arranged in the sealing groove.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the indicating device includes a vertical rod disposed on the truncated cone and accommodated in the exhaust cylinder, and when the floating block is in a floating state, the vertical rod's The upper end protrudes from the upper port of the vent hole.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the exhaust cylinder is further provided with a locking device capable of locking the vertical rod so that the second sealing ring is pressed against the conical surface.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the locking device includes a connecting block that can be threadedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod, and a connecting block that can move along the radial direction of the exhaust cylinder and be stuck between the connecting block and the exhaust cylinder. The ejector block between the upper end faces is provided with a push-up slope capable of driving the connecting block to move upward.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the vertical rod is provided with a vertical screw hole, and the bottom of the connecting block is provided with a screw rod matched with the vertical screw hole.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the bottom of the ejector block is provided with a conical bottom surface that can abut with the ejection inclined surface of the ejector block, and the upper end surface of the exhaust cylinder is provided with a screw An installation table, the screw installation table is provided with a transverse screw hole, and a push screw is installed at the transverse screw hole, and the tip of the push screw is in contact with the push block and can push the push The top catch block moves toward the upper port of the vent hole.

As a further optimized solution of the above technical solution, the model body is provided with an exhaust pipe, and the position of the upper end of the exhaust pipe is higher than the position of the upper end of the femoral artery pipe and is exposed to the outside of the model body. The lower end of the tube is connected and communicated with the upper part of the femoral artery tube, and the exhaust tube is also provided with a second valve that can control its on-off.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, when the present invention is applied to ECMO simulation training, the trainee needs to tie the needle used for injecting liquid into the manikin to the first needle tube or the second needle tube, and the needle used to extract the liquid in the manikin Tie in the third or fourth cannula to complete the arterial and venous cannulation of ECMO. After the catheter placement operation is completed, the ECMO host is turned on to simulate the on-board process, the external liquid is injected into the manikin and then drawn out, and then injected into the manikin through a circuit outside the manikin. After the needle is pulled out, after such practical training, the trainees can master the arterial and venous catheterization operations of ECMO, and at the same time be familiar with the operation process of ECMO on and off the machine.

Second, the first needle tube, the second needle tube, the third needle tube or the fourth needle tube are all set to be detachable, so that it is convenient to disassemble the corresponding needle tube for replacement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the use state of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the joint device when the quick lock assembly is in an unlocked state;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the joint device when the quick lock assembly is in a locked state;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the first working state of the exhaust cylinder;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the second working state of the exhaust cylinder;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the third working state of the exhaust pipe;

Figure 8 is a bottom view of the buoyant block.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear...) in the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the various components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). , motion situation, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly. In addition, the descriptions involving "preferred", "less preferred", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "preferred" or "less preferred" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 8 , the present invention proposes a human body model for ECMO simulation training, including a model body 1 and an imitation heart vessel 2 arranged on the model body 1, and the imitation heart vessel 2 is provided with a main venous tube. 21 and the aortic tube 22, the main venous tube 21 and the aortic tube 22 are communicated through the imitation heart vessel 2. The model body 1 is provided with a femoral vein tube 12 , a femoral artery tube 14 , a jugular vein tube 11 and a carotid artery tube 13 . , the upper end of the femoral artery tube 14 , the lower end of the carotid artery tube 13 and the aortic tube 22 are connected through the three-way valve 3 .

The upper end of the jugular vein tube 11 is detachably connected with a first needle tube 41 , the lower end of the femoral vein tube 12 is detachably connected with a second needle tube 42 , and the upper end of the carotid artery tube 13 is detachably connected with a third needle tube 43 , the lower end of the femoral artery tube 14 is detachably connected with a fourth needle tube 44 .

The first needle insertion tube 41 , the second needle insertion tube 42 , the third needle insertion tube 43 or the fourth needle insertion tube 44 are all made of rubber materials that are not easily punctured and can withstand dozens of needle insertion and insertion operations. The two three-way valves 3 can use solenoid valves or manual valves. If manual valves are used, the switches of the valves should be exposed.

When the present invention is applied to the ECMO simulation training, the trainee needs to tie the needle used for injecting liquid into the manikin to the first needle tube 41 or the second needle tube 42, and tie the needle used to extract the liquid from the manikin to the first needle tube 41 or the second needle tube 42 In the third needle cannula 43 or the fourth needle cannula 44, the arterial and venous cannulation operations of ECMO are completed. After the intubation operation is completed, the ECMO host 91 is turned on to simulate the on-machine process, the external liquid is injected into the manikin and then drawn out, and then injected into the manikin through the circuit outside the manikin. After such training, students can be proficient in the arterial and venous catheterization of ECMO, and at the same time, they can be familiar with the operation process of ECMO on and off the machine.

In the process of venous cannulation, to simulate jugular venous cannulation, the jugular venous cannula 11 and the main venous cannula 21 need to be connected through the three-way valve 3, and the femoral venous cannula 12 must be closed at the same time; Then, the femoral venous tube 12 and the main venous tube 21 need to be connected through the three-way valve 3, and the femoral venous tube 12 should be closed at the same time. In the process of arterial cannulation, to simulate carotid artery cannulation, it is necessary to connect the carotid artery 13 and aortic canal 22 through the three-way valve 3, and at the same time close the femoral artery cannula 14; to simulate femoral artery cannulation, Then, the femoral artery tube 14 and the aortic tube 22 need to be communicated through the three-way valve 3, and the femoral artery tube 14 is closed at the same time.

After the aforesaid human body model has undergone several simulation trainings, the first needle insertion tube 41 , the second needle insertion tube 42 , the third needle insertion tube 43 or the fourth needle insertion tube 44 also have the risk of being punctured. However, if the first needle tube 41 , the second needle tube 42 , the third needle tube 43 or the fourth needle tube 44 are all detachable, it is convenient to disassemble the corresponding needle tube for replacement.

Further, a joint device 5 for detachably connecting the two is provided between the jugular vein tube 11 and the first needle tube 41. The joint device 5 includes a tubular cannula head 51 fixed on the upper end of the jugular vein tube 11, fixed on the first A tubular cannula head 52 at the lower end of the cannula 41 is generally used to fix the cannula head 51 on the model body 1 by using fasteners such as clamps or screws. An installation table 521 is arranged in the casing head 51, an installation groove is arranged on the installation table 521, and a first sealing ring 53 is arranged in the installation groove. It can be rotated around the axis of the cannula head 51. A quick lock is provided between the cannula head 51 and the cannula head 52, which can lock them so that the lower end face of the cannula head 52 presses the first sealing ring 53 tightly. components. Generally speaking, when a trainee inserts an intravenous cannula, the needle is punctured on the first needle cannula 41 from a direction that is convenient for needle cannulation, such as from the front side of the model main body 1 . The joint device 5 adopts such a structural form, so that when the quick lock assembly is in the unlocked state, the first needle tube 41 can be rotated relative to the cannula head 51, and the first needle tube 41 can be rotated at a certain angle after being used for a period of time to continue to use, to avoid When the tube is inserted, the needle is stuck at the same position to puncture the first needle tube 41 , which is beneficial to improve the service life of the first needle tube 41 .

Specifically, the number of quick lock assemblies is two or more, and the quick lock assemblies include a fixing seat 541 arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve head 51 , a handle 542 hinged on the fixing seat 541 , and a handle 542 hinged on the handle 542 . The hook rod 543 and the annular table 544 arranged on the outer side wall of the intubation head 52, the upper surface of the annular table 544 is provided with an annular buckle groove 5441 surrounding the intubation head 52, and the upper end of the hook rod 543 is provided with Buckle 5431 in annular buckle groove 5441. Rotate the handle upward, then fasten the hook 5431 of the hook rod 543 on the annular buckle groove 5441, and then turn the handle downward to lock the cannula head 52 and the cannula head 51, so that the cannula head 52 is pressed against the first A sealing ring 53 is used to form a seal, which is very convenient and quick; when unlocking, turn the handle upward, and then turn the hook rod 543 to disengage the hook 5431 and the annular groove 5441, which is also very convenient and fast.

Preferably, the femoral vein tube 12 and the second needle tube 42 , the carotid artery tube 13 and the third needle tube 43 , and the femoral artery tube 14 and the fourth needle tube 44 are connected by the same connection structure as the above-mentioned joint device 5 .

Further, in a preferred solution of the present invention, the jugular vein tube 11, the femoral vein tube 12, the carotid artery tube 13, and the femoral artery tube 14 are all connected with a test tube 15, and a test tube 15 is provided on the test tube 15 that can control the passage of the tube. The first valve 16 is broken. With such a structure, it is possible to periodically test whether each needle tube is punctured. The upper end of the first needle insertion tube 41, the lower end of the second needle insertion tube 42, and the lower end of the fourth needle insertion tube 44 can be set as blind ends, and the upper end of the third needle insertion tube can be set as a blind end or blocked. Taking the test of whether the first needle tube is punctured as an example, during the test, the lower end of the jugular vein tube 11 is first closed through the three-way valve 3, and then a water source is connected to the test tube 15 corresponding to the jugular vein tube 11, using Appropriate water pressure, and finally open the first valve 16 on the test tube 15. If there is water overflow on the first needle tube, it means that the first needle tube has been punctured and needs to be disassembled and replaced. If there is no water on the first needle tube If it overflows, it means that it is not punctured and can continue to be used.

Further, the free end of the test tube 15 is provided with a pipe joint 17 exposed to the main body 1 of the model. The arrangement of the pipe joint 17 is convenient for connecting the test tube 15 to the pipeline of the water source.

After the manikin is produced, the internal pipes, the imitation heart container 2 and each valve are filled with air. For the first time in the process of applying the human body model to the ECMO simulation training process, the pipes, the imitation heart container 2 and the valves need to be filled with air. air is exhausted.

In order to solve the problem of exhaust, the upper end of the third needle tube 43 is connected with an exhaust cylinder 6 which is connected to it, the upper end of the exhaust cylinder 6 has an exhaust hole 601, and the exhaust cylinder 6 is provided with a float that can float on the water surface. Block 61, the lower end of the exhaust cylinder 6 is provided with an air intake hole 602 that communicates with the third needle tube 43, and between the exhaust cylinder 6 and the bottom surface of the floating block 61 is provided an air intake hole 602 and an exhaust hole 601 that can guide the air intake hole 602 and the exhaust hole 601. The air-guiding channel is open, and a sealing structure that can close the exhaust hole 601 is provided between the floating block 61 and the exhaust cylinder 6 when the floating block 61 is in a floating state, and the floating block 61 and/or the exhaust cylinder 6 are provided with An indicating device capable of indicating whether the floating block 61 is in a floating state. Specifically, a support member 62 capable of supporting the floating block 61 is provided on the inner bottom surface of the exhaust cylinder 6 , and the air guide channel includes a space between the bottom surface of the floating block 61 and the inner bottom surface of the exhaust cylinder 6 , and a space provided on the floating block 61 . The air guide groove 611 on the outer side wall of the .

When the human body model is applied to the ECMO simulation training for the first time, the third needle cannula 43 can be used as the position of the arterial cannula, and the first needle cannula 41 or the second needle cannula 42 can be used as the position of the venous cannula. 22 communicates with the carotid artery 13, and the femoral artery 14 is closed. Referring to FIG. 2 , taking the third needle insertion tube 43 for arterial catheterization and the venous catheterization at the second needle insertion tube 42 as an example, after the arterial catheterization and venous catheterization are completed, a part of the water outlet catheter 93 is placed. It is placed at a position higher than the exhaust cylinder 6, and then the ECMO host 91 is turned on, and the liquid in the external container is injected into the manikin from the water inlet conduit 92 under the action of the water pump, and flows through the second needle insertion tube 42, femoral vein tube 12, The main venous tube 21, the imitation heart container 2, the aortic tube 22, the carotid artery tube 13, the third needle insertion tube 43 and the exhaust cylinder 6, in this process, the air in the pipeline and the imitation heart container 2 can be discharged, and the exhaust gas can be exhausted. When the liquid in the cylinder 6 reaches a certain amount, the floating block 61 will float up to close the exhaust hole 601 to realize automatic exhaust. At this time, the students can know that the floating block 61 has been in a floating state by observing the indicating device, and the exhaust hole 601 has been in a closed state.

Further, the position of the exhaust cylinder 6 is higher than the position of the upper end of the first needle tube. Referring to Figures 1 and 6, after the ECMO simulation training is off, the pipes in the human body model and the artificial heart container 2 are filled with liquid. If the floating block 61 can remain in a floating state, it means that there is no water leakage. 61 As the liquid level drops to the bottom of the exhaust cylinder 6, it means that there is water leakage and needs to be repaired, and the most likely reason for the leakage of water is that the needle tube has been punctured.

In a preferred solution of the present invention, the top of the floating block 61 is provided with a conical frustum 612 , the inner side wall of the exhaust hole 601 has a conical surface 604 matched with the conical frustum 612 , and the sealing structure includes a conical frustum 612 provided on the outer side of the conical frustum 612 . The sealing groove 613 on the wall and the second sealing ring 63 arranged in the sealing groove 613 . When the floating block 61 floats, the frustum 612 is inserted into the exhaust hole 601 , and the second sealing ring 63 is tightly attached to the conical surface 604 to seal the exhaust hole 601 .

In a preferred solution of the present invention, the indicating device includes a vertical rod 64 disposed on the frustum 612 and accommodated in the exhaust cylinder 6. When the floating block 61 is in a floating state, the upper end of the vertical rod 64 is discharged from the exhaust gas. The upper port of hole 601 protrudes.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the exhaust cylinder 6 is also provided with a locking device capable of locking the vertical rod 64 so that the second sealing ring 63 is pressed against the conical surface 604 . During the ECMO simulation training process, when the floating block 61 has been floated, the upper end of the vertical rod 64 protrudes out of the exhaust cylinder 6. At this time, the vertical rod 64 can be locked by the locking device, and the second sealing ring can be locked. 63 is pressed to keep the upper end of the exhaust cylinder 6 in a sealed state to avoid affecting the liquid circulation.

In a preferred solution of the present invention, the locking device includes a connecting block 71 that can be threadedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod 64 , and that can move along the radial direction of the exhaust cylinder 6 and be clamped between the connecting block 71 and the exhaust cylinder 6 . The ejector block 72 between the upper end faces of the upper part of the device is provided with a ejector inclined surface 721 capable of driving the connecting block 71 to move upward. Specifically, the vertical rod 64 is provided with a vertical screw hole 641 , and the bottom of the connecting block 71 is provided with a screw rod 711 which is matched with the vertical screw hole 641 . The bottom of the ejector block 72 is provided with a conical bottom surface that can be in contact with the ejection inclined surface 721 of the ejector block 72 , the upper end surface of the exhaust cylinder 6 is provided with a screw mounting table 65 , and the screw mounting table 65 is provided with a transverse direction. The screw hole 651 is provided with a push screw 73 at the lateral screw hole 651 . Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7 , the locking device adopts such a structure, which is simple and reliable, and facilitates the disassembly and assembly of parts such as the connecting block 71 , the pushing block 72 , and the like.

In order to prevent the floating block 61 from rotating with the screw 711 when the screw 711 is screwed, the inner cavity of the exhaust cylinder 6 can be set as a regular quadrangular prism, the main body of the floating block 61 is also in the shape of a square, and the side wall of the floating block 61 is in the shape of a square. Only a small gap is reserved between the inner side walls of the exhaust pipe 6 .

Furthermore, the model body 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe 81 , the upper end of the exhaust pipe 81 is higher than the upper end of the femoral artery duct 14 and exposed to the outside of the model body 1 , and the lower end of the exhaust pipe 81 is connected to the femoral artery duct 14 . The upper part of 14 is connected and conducted, and the exhaust pipe 81 is also provided with a second valve 82 that can control its on-off. When the fourth needle cannula 44 is used as the position of the arterial cannula, the second valve 82 can be opened for exhausting during the training process, and the second valve 82 can be closed after the exhausting is completed.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Under the inventive concept of the present invention, the equivalent structure transformation made by the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other All relevant technical fields are included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training, characterized in that it comprises a model body (1) and an imitation heart container (2) arranged on the model body (1), the imitation heart container (2). ) is provided with a main venous tube (21) and an aortic tube (22), and the model body (1) is provided with a femoral venous tube (12), a femoral artery tube (14), a jugular venous tube (11) and a jugular venous tube (11). The arterial tube (13), the upper end of the femoral venous tube (12), the lower end of the jugular venous tube (11), and the main venous tube (21) are connected through a three-way valve (3), and the femoral arterial tube (14) The upper end, the lower end of the carotid artery tube (13), and the aortic tube (22) are connected through a three-way valve (3), and the upper end of the jugular vein tube (11) is detachably connected with a first needle tube (41), so A second needle tube (42) is detachably connected to the lower end of the femoral vein tube (12), and a third needle tube (43) is detachably connected to the upper end of the carotid artery tube (13). A fourth needle tube (44) is detachably connected to the lower end of (14); The upper end of the third needle insertion tube (43) is connected with an exhaust cylinder (6) which is in communication therewith, and the upper end of the exhaust cylinder (6) is provided with an exhaust hole (601). A floating block (61) that can float on the water surface is provided, the lower end of the exhaust cylinder (6) is provided with an air inlet (602) that communicates with the third needle tube (43), and the exhaust cylinder (6) (6) and the bottom surface of the floating block (61) is provided with an air guide channel capable of conducting the air intake hole (602) and the exhaust hole (601), the floating block (61) and the exhaust cylinder (6) A sealing structure capable of sealing the exhaust hole (601) when the floating block (61) is in a floating state is provided between the floating block (61) and/or the exhaust cylinder (6) There is an indicating device capable of indicating whether the floating block (61) is in a floating state; The top of the floating block (61) is provided with a conical frustum (612), and the inner side wall of the exhaust hole (601) has a conical surface (604) matched with the conical frustum (612). The structure comprises a sealing groove (613) arranged on the outer side wall of the frustum (612) and a second sealing ring (63) arranged in the sealing groove (613); The indicating device includes a vertical rod (64) arranged on the frustum (612) and accommodated in the exhaust cylinder (6), and the floating block (61) causes the floating block (61) to be in a floating state. The upper end of the vertical rod (64) protrudes from the upper port of the exhaust hole (601); The exhaust cylinder (6) is also provided with a locking device capable of locking the vertical rod (64) so that the second sealing ring (63) is pressed against the conical surface (604); The locking device includes a connecting block (71) that can be threadedly connected with the upper end of the vertical rod (64), and a connecting block (71) that can be moved along the radial direction of the exhaust cylinder (6) and is clamped on the connecting block (71) and the row. The ejector block (72) between the upper end surfaces of the gas cylinder (6), the ejector block (72) is provided with an ejector inclined plane (721) capable of driving the connecting block (71) to move upward. 2. A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the jugular vein tube (11) and the first needle insertion tube (41), a connection between the two can be arranged. The connected joint device (5) is disassembled, and the joint device (5) comprises a tubular cannula head (51) fixed on the upper end of the jugular vein tube (11), fixed on the first needle insertion tube (41) A tubular cannula head (52) at the lower end, a mounting table (521) is arranged in the cannula head (51), and a first sealing ring (53) is arranged on the mounting table (521). The head (52) is inserted into the cannula head (51) from the upper port of the cannula head (51) and is rotatable around the axis of the cannula head (51), the cannula head (51) and the inserter. A quick lock assembly is provided between the tube heads (52), which can lock the two so that the lower end face of the cannula head (52) presses the first sealing ring (53). 3. A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training according to claim 2, wherein the number of the quick lock assemblies is two or more, and the quick lock assemblies include A fixing seat (541) on the outer side wall of the casing head (51), a handle (542) hinged on the fixing seat (541), a hook rod (543) hinged on the handle (542), and the An annular platform (544) on the outer side wall of the intubation head (52), the upper surface of the annular platform (544) is provided with an annular buckle groove (5441) surrounding the intubation head (52), so The upper end of the hook rod (543) is provided with a buckle (5431) that can be buckled in the annular buckle groove (5441). 4. A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the jugular vein (11), femoral vein (12), and carotid artery (13) , and the femoral artery tube (14) are all connected with a test tube (15), and the test tube (15) is provided with a first valve (16) capable of controlling its on-off. 5. A human body model applied to ECMO simulation training according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the exhaust cylinder (6) is higher than the position of the upper end of the first needle tube (41) .

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