CN114319885A - Truss installation method - Google Patents
Truss installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114319885A CN114319885A CN202210044153.0A CN202210044153A CN114319885A CN 114319885 A CN114319885 A CN 114319885A CN 202210044153 A CN202210044153 A CN 202210044153A CN 114319885 A CN114319885 A CN 114319885A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for installing a truss, which comprises the following steps: and (3) mounting a temporary support: mounting a temporary support on the base surface; mounting a truss: installing a cross-layer truss on the temporary support, wherein the top of the temporary support is provided with an adjusting action piece and an adjusting cushion piece; and (3) grading and unloading: and removing the adjusting cushion piece, descending the adjusting action piece step by step according to the set stepped descending height, tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine suspension unloading or continuous unloading. According to the installation method of the truss, by means of graded unloading, in the process of disassembly, the adaptability with the cross-layer truss is high, the condition of the cross-layer truss can be tracked and observed in time, disassembly can be suspended when the condition of overlarge deformation occurs, and unloading is continued after inspection and repair are carried out in time, so that safety is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method for installing a truss.
Background
With the continuous development of economy, the application range of the truss is gradually expanded due to the characteristics of quick installation, large bearing capacity and the like of the truss, and the truss with different shapes is widely applied to large buildings such as superstores, movie and television theaters, stadiums, exhibition centers, airport stations and the like so as to realize rich shapes.
The prior art discloses a method for installing a truss, which comprises the following steps: and (3) installing the temporary supports, sequentially installing the parts forming the truss to form the truss, and then integrally disassembling the temporary supports to finish the installation of the truss.
However, in the above installation method of the truss, in the disassembly process, the adaptability with the cross-layer truss is low, so that the deformation of the cross-layer truss cannot be ensured within an allowable range, and the possibility of excessive deformation but the timely inspection and repair cannot be performed, so that potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that in the disassembling process of the prior art, the adaptability with the cross-layer truss is low, the deformation of the cross-layer truss cannot be ensured within an allowable range, the deformation is too large, and the inspection and repair cannot be carried out in time, so that the potential safety hazard exists, thereby providing the truss installing method.
A method of installing a truss comprising the steps of:
and (3) mounting a temporary support: mounting a temporary support on the base surface;
mounting a truss: installing a cross-layer truss on the temporary support, wherein the top of the temporary support is provided with an adjusting action piece and an adjusting cushion piece;
and (3) grading and unloading: and removing the adjusting cushion piece, descending the adjusting action piece step by step according to the set stepped descending height, tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine suspension unloading or continuous unloading.
Further, the cross-layer truss is connected with the hollow frame and the hanging and overhanging frame.
Further, the mounting of the temporary support on the base surface includes: and installing a first temporary support on the base surface of the hollow frame, and installing a second temporary support on the base surface of the hanging and overhanging frame.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support comprises: and the lower chords at two sides of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first temporary support, in the hanging cantilever frame and on the second temporary support.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further comprises: and installing the middle lower chord of the cross-layer truss between the two side lower chords in the hollow frame.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further comprises: and first web members of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the two side lower chords in the hollow frame, the middle lower chord and the two side lower chords corresponding to the second temporary supports, and first two side upper chords of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first web members and in the hanging and cantilever frame.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further comprises: installing a first middle upper chord of the cross-layer truss between the first two side upper chords in the hollow frame, installing a first diagonal web member of the cross-layer truss between a lower chord and the first upper chord, and installing an upper steel column of the cross-layer truss on the hanging and cantilever frame, wherein the lower chord comprises the two side lower chords and the middle lower chord, and the first upper chord comprises the first two side upper chords and the first middle upper chord; the installation of the truss further comprises: and a bottom hanging truss is arranged below the middle lower chord.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further comprises: and second vertical web members of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first two-side upper chord and the first middle upper chord, and second two-side upper chord of the cross-layer truss is arranged on the first vertical web member.
Further, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further comprises: installing a second middle upper chord of the cross-layer truss between the second two side upper chords in the hollow frame, installing a second diagonal web member of the cross-layer truss between the first upper chord and the second upper chord, and installing a cantilever lifting column of the cross-layer truss between the two side lower chords corresponding to the second temporary support and the first two side upper chords, wherein the second upper chord comprises the second two side upper chords and the second middle upper chord; the installation of the truss further comprises: and installing a side truss at the end part of the first two-side upper chord and the end part of the second two-side upper chord corresponding to the second temporary support.
Further, the installation of the truss further comprises: installing a curtain wall truss at the end part of the side truss; said installing a cross-layer truss on said temporary support further comprises: roof structures are arranged between the second middle upper chord and the second two side upper chord corresponding to the hollow frame, namely the upper steel column.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a method for installing a truss, which comprises the following steps: and (3) mounting a temporary support: mounting a temporary support on the base surface; mounting a truss: installing a cross-layer truss on the temporary support, wherein the top of the temporary support is provided with an adjusting action piece and an adjusting cushion piece; and (3) grading and unloading: and removing the adjusting cushion piece, descending the adjusting action piece step by step according to the set stepped descending height, tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine suspension unloading or continuous unloading. According to the installation method of the truss, by means of graded unloading, in the process of disassembly, the adaptability with the cross-layer truss is high, the condition of the cross-layer truss can be tracked and observed in time, disassembly can be suspended when the condition of overlarge deformation occurs, and unloading is continued after inspection and repair are carried out in time, so that safety is guaranteed.
2. The invention provides a method for installing a truss, wherein the step of installing a cross-layer truss on a temporary support further comprises the following steps: installing a first middle upper chord of the cross-layer truss between the first two side upper chords in the hollow frame, installing a first diagonal web member of the cross-layer truss between a lower chord and the first upper chord, and installing an upper steel column of the cross-layer truss on the hanging and cantilever frame, wherein the lower chord comprises the two side lower chords and the middle lower chord, and the first upper chord comprises the first two side upper chords and the first middle upper chord; the installation of the truss further comprises: and a bottom hanging truss is arranged below the middle lower chord. The installation method of the truss in the step has attractive appearance by arranging the hanging truss.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first step of an installation method of a truss provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second step of the installation method of the girder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fourth step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fifth step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sixth step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a seventh step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an eighth step of the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a ninth step in the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a tenth step in the installation method of the truss shown in FIG. 9;
description of reference numerals:
11-hollow frame, 12-hanging cantilever frame, 21-first temporary support, 22-second temporary support, 31-two-side lower chord, 32-middle lower chord, 41-first vertical web member, 42-first two-side upper chord, 51-first middle upper chord, 52-first diagonal web member, 53-upper steel column, 54-hanging truss, 61-second vertical web member, 62-second two-side upper chord, 71-second middle upper chord, 72-second diagonal web member, 73-hanging cantilever column, 74-side truss, 8-curtain wall truss, 9-roofing structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Examples
The present embodiment provides a method for installing a truss as shown in fig. 1 to 10, including the following steps: and (3) mounting a temporary support: mounting a temporary support on the base surface; mounting a truss: installing a cross-layer truss on the temporary support, installing a bottom hanging truss 54, installing an edge truss 74 and installing a curtain wall truss 8, wherein the top of the temporary support is provided with an adjusting action piece and an adjusting cushion piece, and the cross-layer truss is connected with the hollow frame 11 and the hanging cantilever frame 12; and (3) grading and unloading: and removing the adjusting cushion piece, descending the adjusting action piece step by step according to the set stepped descending height, and tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine whether to suspend unloading or continue unloading. In this embodiment, the adjusting action member may be a jack or the like, and the adjusting pad member may be an adjusting steel plate or the like. Specifically, the mounting can be performed in the following order.
The first step, as shown in fig. 1, of mounting temporary supports on the base surface includes mounting a first temporary support 21 on the base surface of the hollow frame 11 and a second temporary support 22 on the base surface of the suspended cantilever frame 12, and measuring the position using a total station.
Second, as shown in fig. 2, the installation of the cross-layer truss on the temporary support includes: and (3) mounting the lower chords 31 at two sides of the cross-layer truss on the first temporary support 21, in the hanging and overhanging frame 12 and on the second temporary support 22, fixing by spot welding, and mounting an adjusting action piece and an adjusting steel plate.
Third, as shown in fig. 3, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: and a middle lower chord 32 of the cross-layer truss is arranged between the lower chords 31 on the two sides in the hollow frame 11, and the deformation condition is measured after welding is finished.
Fourthly, as shown in fig. 4, the installation of the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: first vertical web members 41 of the cross-layer truss are respectively arranged on the lower chords 31 at two sides in the hollow frame 11, the lower chord 32 at the middle and the lower chords 31 at two sides corresponding to the second temporary support 22, and first upper chords 42 at two sides of the cross-layer truss are respectively arranged on the first vertical web members 41 and in the hanging cantilever frame 12 and fixed by spot welding.
Fifth, as shown in fig. 5, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: installing a first middle upper chord 51 of a cross-layer truss between first two side upper chords 42 in the hollow frame 11, installing a first diagonal web member 52 of the cross-layer truss between a lower chord and the first upper chord, and installing an upper steel column 53 of the cross-layer truss on the hanging cantilever frame 12, wherein the lower chord comprises two side lower chords 31 and a middle lower chord 32, and the first upper chord comprises the first two side upper chords 42 and the first middle upper chord 51;
and, install the bottom and hang the truss 54 under the middle bottom chord 32, through setting up and hanging the truss 54, the appearance is esthetic;
the deformation was measured after the welding was completed.
Sixthly, as shown in fig. 6, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: second vertical web members 61 of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first two-side upper chord 42 and the first middle upper chord 51, and second two-side upper chords 62 of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first vertical web member 41 and fixed by spot welding.
Seventhly, as shown in fig. 7, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: a second middle upper chord 71 of the cross-layer truss is arranged between the second two side upper chords 62 in the hollow frame 11, a second diagonal web member 72 of the cross-layer truss is arranged between the first upper chord and the second upper chord, and a cantilever hanging column 73 of the cross-layer truss is arranged between the two side lower chords 31 corresponding to the second temporary support 22 and the first two side upper chords 42, wherein the second upper chord comprises the second two side upper chords 62 and the second middle upper chord 71;
and, attaching a sidetruss 74 to the end of the first two-sided upper chord 42 and the end of the second two-sided upper chord 62 corresponding to the second temporary support 22;
the deformation was measured after the welding was completed.
Eighthly, as shown in fig. 8, installing a curtain wall truss 8 at the end part of the side truss 74;
ninth, as shown in fig. 9, the installing the cross-layer truss on the temporary support further includes: the roof structure 9 is arranged between the second middle upper chord 71 and the second two side upper chords 62 which correspond to the hollow frame 11, namely the upper steel column 53;
and, hierarchical unloading: removing the adjusting cushion element, descending the adjusting action element step by step according to a set step descending height, such as 5 mm per step or other sizes, tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine whether to suspend unloading or continue unloading, wherein the unloading is stopped immediately once deviation occurs, and the unloading is continued after the reason is found out.
And a tenth step of completing installation of single trusses and integrally retesting as shown in fig. 10.
According to the installation method of the truss, the adaptation degree with the cross-layer truss is high in the disassembly process through the graded unloading, the condition of the cross-layer truss can be tracked and observed in time, the disassembly can be suspended when the deformation is too large, the unloading is continued after the inspection and repair are carried out in time, and therefore the safety is ensured.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for installing a truss is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) mounting a temporary support: mounting a temporary support on the base surface;
mounting a truss: installing a cross-layer truss on the temporary support, wherein the top of the temporary support is provided with an adjusting action piece and an adjusting cushion piece;
and (3) grading and unloading: and removing the adjusting cushion piece, descending the adjusting action piece step by step according to the set stepped descending height, tracking and observing the cross-layer truss to determine suspension unloading or continuous unloading.
2. The method of installing a truss of claim 1 wherein the cross-layer truss connects the hollow frame and the overhanging frame.
3. The method of installing a truss of claim 2 wherein said installing a temporary support on a base surface comprises: and installing a first temporary support on the base surface of the hollow frame, and installing a second temporary support on the base surface of the hanging and overhanging frame.
4. The method of installing a truss of claim 3 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support comprises: and the lower chords at two sides of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first temporary support, in the hanging cantilever frame and on the second temporary support.
5. The method of installing a truss of claim 4 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support further comprises: and installing the middle lower chord of the cross-layer truss between the two side lower chords in the hollow frame.
6. The method of installing a truss of claim 5 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support further comprises: and first web members of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the two side lower chords in the hollow frame, the middle lower chord and the two side lower chords corresponding to the second temporary supports, and first two side upper chords of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first web members and in the hanging and cantilever frame.
7. The method of installing a truss of claim 6 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support further comprises: installing a first middle upper chord of the cross-layer truss between the first two side upper chords in the hollow frame, installing a first diagonal web member of the cross-layer truss between a lower chord and the first upper chord, and installing an upper steel column of the cross-layer truss on the hanging and cantilever frame, wherein the lower chord comprises the two side lower chords and the middle lower chord, and the first upper chord comprises the first two side upper chords and the first middle upper chord; the installation of the truss further comprises: and a bottom hanging truss is arranged below the middle lower chord.
8. The method of installing a truss of claim 7 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support further comprises: and second vertical web members of the cross-layer truss are arranged on the first two-side upper chord and the first middle upper chord, and second two-side upper chord of the cross-layer truss is arranged on the first vertical web member.
9. The method of installing a truss of claim 8 wherein said installing a cross-level truss on said temporary support further comprises: installing a second middle upper chord of the cross-layer truss between the second two side upper chords in the hollow frame, installing a second diagonal web member of the cross-layer truss between the first upper chord and the second upper chord, and installing a cantilever lifting column of the cross-layer truss between the two side lower chords corresponding to the second temporary support and the first two side upper chords, wherein the second upper chord comprises the second two side upper chords and the second middle upper chord; the installation of the truss further comprises: and installing a side truss at the end part of the first two-side upper chord and the end part of the second two-side upper chord corresponding to the second temporary support.
10. The method of installing a truss of claim 9 wherein the installing of the truss further comprises: installing a curtain wall truss at the end part of the side truss; said installing a cross-layer truss on said temporary support further comprises: roof structures are arranged between the second middle upper chord and the second two side upper chord corresponding to the hollow frame, namely the upper steel column.
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CN110321622A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-11 | 中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司 | A kind of cantilevered structure has support overhanging propelling construction method |
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CN113175089A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-27 | 中建科工集团有限公司 | Construction method of large-span heavy cantilever truss |
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2022
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