CN114305636A - Patella fracture nail cable locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a patella fracture nail cable locking device, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The patella fracture nail cable locking device includes a hollow screw and a traction cable; the tail end of the hollow screw is provided with a nail cap, and the nail cap is provided with a locking hole; one end of the traction cable is set on the tail end of the hollow screw or the nail cap. The patella fracture nail cable locking device of the present invention adopts the combined design structure of the cannulated screw and the traction cable. After one-time installation, there is no need to insert the screw twice, which will not cause bone loss, and the cannulated screw can be used to guide the guide pin. Positioning, there is no need for open reduction and re-finding of the screw tunnel, which greatly improves the postoperative rehabilitation effect.

Description

Patellar fracture nail cable locking device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a patella fracture nail cable locking device.

Background technique

The patella is an integral part of the extensor function of the knee joint, and it carries a load of about 5 times the body weight during extensor activity. The patella can effectively prevent the lateral displacement of the knee joint and resist the forward sliding of the femoral condyle during the human squatting process. According to statistics, the incidence of patellar fracture is about 1.05%.

The purpose of treating patellar fractures is to restore the anatomical reduction of patellar fractures, reduce the defects caused by patellar fractures, repair the flatness of the patellar surface, facilitate the early functional training of the knee joint, and reduce the occurrence of complications.

At present, there are various fixation methods for patellar fractures, among which, the Cable-pin system is a more mature and effective treatment scheme. Half-threaded cancellous bone compression screws and bone tunnel guide pins are used at both ends of the system respectively. The compression screw has a compression effect when it is driven into the bone, and then the flexible and easy-to-tighten steel cable is used to achieve binding and fixation, which can effectively prevent The compression screw is retracted.

However, the Cable-pin system requires cannulated drilling and reaming during the postoperative reduction process, and the guide pin is pulled out. When the screw is inserted for the second time, the reduction fracture will be displaced and the screw tunnel cannot be found, resulting in limited bone loss, resulting in limited bone loss. Fixed failure. In addition, because the hollow guide pin cannot be used for guidance, open reduction of simple patella fractures is required, which is not conducive to early rehabilitation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a patella fracture nail cable locking device, which is helpful to solve the above technical problems.

The present invention is realized in this way:

A patella fracture nail cable locking device, comprising a cannulated screw and a traction cable; the cannulated screw is provided with a nail cap at the tail end, and the nail cap is provided with a locking hole; one end of the traction cable is set on the hollow screw the tail end or the nail cap.

In use, the above-mentioned patella fracture nail cable locking device adopts the design structure of cannulated screw and traction cable, and after one-time installation, there is no need to insert the screw twice, which will not cause bone loss, and the cannulated screw can be used to realize the guide pin The guided positioning of the device eliminates the need for open reduction and re-finding of the screw tunnel, which greatly improves the postoperative rehabilitation effect.

Further, the pulling cable is arranged on the nail cap, and the pulling cable is arranged opposite to the locking hole. The technical effect is that: since the traction cable and the locking hole are arranged opposite to each other, when two hollow screws are used for fixing, the two locking holes are fixed by the locking screw, and the two traction cables are fixed at the cross side, and the low profile design is used to avoid the Soft tissue causes interference. The locking hole on the opposite side of the traction cable can be firmly fixed for comminuted fractures, avoiding soft tissue irritation caused by cerclage, less irritation to soft tissue, and avoiding the possibility of complications such as infection and skin nonunion.

Further, the traction cable and the nail cap are integrally formed. The technical effect is that the integral molding design can make the whole device form a nail and cable as a whole, thereby making the hollow screw more firm, preventing further sliding of the traction cable, and the interaction between the nail and the cable, and the stability is greatly improved.

Further, a ring groove is provided on the hollow screw near the nail cap, the ring groove extends along the circumferential direction of the hollow screw, and the traction cable is wound in the ring groove. The technical effect is as follows: the active connection between the cannulated screw and the traction cable is realized through the ring groove, so that the traction cable can realize the binding and fixation of the patella at the best angle position before the traction and fixation, and in the process of placing the cannulated screw. Can prevent excessive winding of the traction cable.

Further, the side wall of the nail cap is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the hollow screw, and the traction cable is wound in the annular groove. The technical effect is that, likewise, the ring groove provides the freedom of movement of the traction cable before it is fixed. Moreover, setting the ring groove on the nail cap can avoid reducing the mechanical strength of the hollow screw.

Further, the nail cap is in the shape of a bowl, and the small diameter end of the nail cap is connected with the tail end of the hollow screw; two cutting planes are provided on the nail cap, and the two cutting planes are arranged opposite to each other. All are parallel to the axis of the cannulated screw. Its technical effect is: on the one hand, the two cutting planes form a parallel operation plane, which is conducive to the use of tools to screw and insert the hollow screw; on the other hand, it can effectively reduce the weight of the hollow screw, and the cutting plane can also resist Rotate to prevent the hollow screw from loosening and screwing out.

Further, the locking hole is a universal hole. The technical effect is that the universal hole provides a larger operable angle for the insertion of the locking screw, which further ensures that the two pulling cables are fixed at a specific pulling angle. In particular, for comminuted patella fractures, the universal locking hole is more beneficial for patients to perform early functional exercises of the knee joint. Intraoperative operation is simple. After percutaneous broken end reduction, the cannulated screw guide pin is percutaneously placed, and the cannulated screw is directly placed after the position is satisfied. Yes, there are different options depending on the type of fracture. Preferably, the guide angle range of the universal hole is about 30 degrees.

Further, a locking screw is also included; the locking screw penetrates the locking hole. The technical effect is as follows: the locking screw cooperates with the universal locking hole, and is inserted into the patella with an optimal screwing angle, so as to distribute the pulling force of the traction cable to the patella.

Further, the number of the hollow screws is an even number; the free end of one of the traction cables is interconnected with the free end of the other traction cable. The technical effect is that the even-numbered cannulated screws can be pulled each other through the pulling cables to complete the compression fixation of the patella. Among them, the traction cable is tightened and fixed with a restraint.

Further, the front end of the cannulated screw is sharp. The technical effect is as follows: the sharp front end makes each hollow screw form a self-tapping screw, which reduces the operation of surgical instruments and greatly improves the surgical efficiency.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The patella fracture nail cable locking device of the present invention adopts the combined design structure of the cannulated screw and the traction cable. After the one-time installation, there is no need to insert the screw twice, which will not cause bone loss, and the cannulated screw can be used to guide the guide pin. Positioning, there is no need for open reduction and re-finding of the screw tunnel, which greatly improves the postoperative rehabilitation effect.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first view of the first patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the invention from a second perspective;

Fig. 3 is the first side view (without traction cable) of the first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axial sectional view in Fig. 3;

FIG. 5 is a second side view of the first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

Figure 6 is a side view of the second patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention (without traction cable);

Figure 7 is a side view of the second patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention (with a traction cable);

FIG. 8 is an axial view of the third patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the top view in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is an isometric view of the fourth patella fracture screw cable locking device provided by the present invention.

Icons: 100-cannulated screw; 110-ring groove; 200-pin cap; 210-locking hole; 300-traction cable; 400-locking screw.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and labeled in the drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in use, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying The device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to differentiate the description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" etc. do not imply that a component is required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention from a first perspective; FIG. 2 is a schematic external structure diagram of the first patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention from a second perspective; FIG. 3 is The first side view (without traction cable 300 ) of the first patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view in FIG. 3 ; FIG. 5 is the first patellar fracture nail cable provided by the present invention. Second side view of the locking device. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5 , the present embodiment provides a nail cable locking device for patella fractures, including a cannulated screw 100 and a traction cable 300 ; A locking hole 210 is provided; one end of the traction cable 300 is provided on the tail end of the hollow screw 100 or on the nail cap 200 .

In the above structure, the cannulated screw 100 not only plays the role of driving the bone for fixation, but also plays the role of guiding and introducing due to the hollow structure provided. The traction cable 300 is connected with the traction cable 300 of the other hollow screw 100, which further avoids the possibility of breakage and loosening during the rehabilitation exercise. In addition, the locking hole 210 provides an installation space for the locking screw 400 , which further enhances the anti-rotation and compression effects of the cannulated screw 100 .

Wherein, the cannulated screw 100 may be provided with threads only in the front section, and the tail of the cannulated screw 100 is in the shape of an inner rectangle or a hexagon.

Wherein, the traction cable 300 may be a metal steel cable, or a cable made of a composite material.

Wherein, the locking hole 210 may be provided with an internal thread, or may be only a light hole. Preferably, an internal thread is designed in the locking hole 210 in this embodiment.

The working principle and operation method of the patella fracture nail cable locking device of the present embodiment are as follows:

In the use of the above-mentioned patella fracture nail cable locking device, due to the design structure of the cannulated screw 100 and the traction cable 300, there is no need to insert the screw twice after the one-time installation, which will not cause bone loss, and the cannulated screw 100 can be used. The guiding and positioning of the guide needle is realized, and there is no need to open reduction and re-find the tunnel for placing the needle, which greatly improves the postoperative rehabilitation effect.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the pulling cable 300 is arranged on the nail cap 200 , and the pulling cable 300 is arranged opposite to the locking hole 210 . In this structural design, since the traction cable 300 is arranged opposite to the locking hole 210, when the two cannulated screws 100 are used for fixing, the two locking holes 210 are fixed by the locking screw 400, and the two traction cables 300 are fixed at the crossed sides, The low-profile design is used to avoid interference with the soft tissue. The locking hole 210 on the opposite side of the traction cable 300 can be firmly fixed for comminuted fractures, avoid soft tissue irritation caused by cerclage, and less irritation to soft tissue, avoiding infection and skin irritation. Possibility of complications such as healing. In addition, according to the actual application requirements of the operation, the traction cable 300 can be fixed on the side of the nail cap 200 , or can be arranged on the side of the nail cap 200 away from the cannulated screw 100 .

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the traction cable 300 and the nail cap 200 are integrally formed. At this time, the integral molding design can make the whole device form an integral nail and cable, thereby making the hollow screw 100 more firm, preventing the traction cable 300 from sliding further, and the nail and cable interact, and the stability is greatly improved.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the second patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention (without traction cable 300); Fig. 7 is a side view of the second patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention (with traction cable 300) ; In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , a ring groove 110 is provided at a position close to the nail cap 200 on the cannulated screw 100, and the ring groove 110 is arranged along the hollow screw Circumferential extension of the screw 100 , the traction cable 300 is wound in the annular groove 110 . In this structural design, the active connection between the cannulated screw 100 and the traction cable 300 is achieved through the ring groove 110, so that the traction cable 300 can achieve binding and fixation of the patella at an optimal angular position before the traction and fixation. The cannulated screw 100 can prevent excessive winding of the pulling cable 300 .

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the side wall of the nail cap 200 is provided with an annular groove 110 , and the annular groove 110 extends along the circumferential direction of the cannulated screw 100 , The traction cable 300 is wound in the annular groove 110 . Likewise, the annular groove 110 provides freedom of movement of the traction cable 300 prior to securing. In addition, disposing the ring groove 110 on the nail cap 200 can avoid reducing the mechanical strength of the cannulated screw 100 .

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 , the nail cap 200 is in a bowl shape, and the small diameter end of the nail cap 200 is connected with the tail end of the cannulated screw 100 ; The nail cap 200 is provided with two cutting planes, and the two cutting planes are opposite to each other and are both parallel to the axis of the cannulated screw 100 . In this structural design, on the one hand, the two cutting planes form a parallel operation plane, which is beneficial to realize the screwing and insertion of the cannulated screw 100 by using tools; It is also possible to prevent the cannulated screw 100 from loosening and screwing out due to anti-rotation.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 , the locking hole 210 is a universal hole. The universal hole provides a larger operable angle for the insertion of the locking screw 400, which further ensures that the two pulling cables 300 are fixed at a specific pulling angle. In particular, for comminuted patella fractures, the universal locking hole 210 is more conducive to the patient's early knee joint functional exercise. Intraoperative operation is simple. After percutaneous broken end reduction, the cannulated screw guide pin is percutaneously inserted. After the position is satisfied, the cannulated screw 100 is directly inserted. Compression can be used, depending on the type of fracture. Preferably, the guide angle range of the universal hole is about 30 degrees.

Fig. 8 is an axial view of the third patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention; Fig. 9 is a top view in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is an axial view of the fourth patellar fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention . In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 , and FIG. 10 , a locking screw 400 is further included; the locking screw 400 penetrates the locking hole 210 . The locking screw 400 cooperates with the universal locking hole 210, and is inserted into the patella at an optimal screwing angle to distribute the pulling force of the traction cable 300 to the patella.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 , the number of the hollow screws 100 is an even number; terminals are connected to each other. At this time, the even-numbered cannulated screws 100 can be pulled with each other through the pulling cables 300 to complete the compression and fixation of the patella. Wherein, the traction cable 300 is tightened and fixed with a restraint. Preferably, two cannulated screws 100 are used.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 , the front end of the cannulated screw 100 is sharp. In this design, the sharp front end makes each cannulated screw 100 form a self-tapping screw, which reduces the operation of surgical instruments and greatly improves the surgical efficiency.

To sum up, the patellar fracture nail-cable locking device can be applied not only to the patella, but also to fracture operations such as the olecranon, the tip of the greater trochanter, and the medial and lateral malleolus.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A patellar fracture nail cable locking device is characterized by comprising a hollow screw (100) and a traction cable (300); a screw cap (200) is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw (100), and a locking hole (210) is formed in the screw cap (200); one end of the traction cable (300) is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw (100) or on the screw cap (200).

2. The patella fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the pull cable (300) is disposed on the nail cap (200), the pull cable (300) being disposed opposite the locking hole (210).

3. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 2, wherein the pull cable (300) is integrally formed with the nail cap (200).

4. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein a ring groove (110) is formed on the hollow screw (100) near the nail cap (200), the ring groove (110) extends along the circumferential direction of the hollow screw (100), and the traction cable (300) is wound in the ring groove (110).

5. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the nail cap (200) is provided with a ring groove (110), the ring groove (110) extends along the circumference of the cannulated screw (100), and the traction cable (300) is wound in the ring groove (110).

6. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 5, wherein the nail cap (200) is bowl-shaped, and the small-caliber end of the nail cap (200) is connected with the tail end of the hollow screw (100); two cutting planes are arranged on the screw cap (200), and the two cutting planes are oppositely arranged and are parallel to the axis of the hollow screw (100).

7. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the locking hole (210) is a gimbaled hole.

8. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, further comprising a locking screw (400); the locking screw (400) penetrates through the locking hole (210).

9. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the number of the cannulated screws (100) is an even number; the free end of one of said tractive lines (300) is interconnected with the free end of the other of said tractive lines (300).

10. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the leading end of the cannulated screw (100) is pointed.

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