CN114300525B - Display substrate and display panel - Google Patents
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- CN114300525B CN114300525B CN202111676972.9A CN202111676972A CN114300525B CN 114300525 B CN114300525 B CN 114300525B CN 202111676972 A CN202111676972 A CN 202111676972A CN 114300525 B CN114300525 B CN 114300525B
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种显示基板和显示面板，该显示基板包括显示功能层和色偏调整层。显示功能层包括多个发光器件。色偏调整层位于显示功能层的显示侧，且包括至少一个色偏调整单元。色偏调整单元配置为在高于预设温度范围的情况下调节色偏调整单元对应的发光器件出射光的色度，色偏调整单元在显示基板所在面平面上的第一正投影与色偏调整单元对应的发光器件在显示基板所在面平面上的第二正投影至少部分重叠。在显示基板的一些发光器件的显示侧设置色偏调整层，通过色偏调整层中的色偏调整单元调节色偏调整单元对应的发光器件出射光的色度，以改善色偏调整单元对应的发光器件出现的色偏现象。
The present application provides a display substrate and a display panel, wherein the display substrate includes a display function layer and a color deviation adjustment layer. The display function layer includes a plurality of light-emitting devices. The color deviation adjustment layer is located on the display side of the display function layer, and includes at least one color deviation adjustment unit. The color deviation adjustment unit is configured to adjust the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light-emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjustment unit when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range, and the first orthographic projection of the color deviation adjustment unit on the plane where the display substrate is located and the second orthographic projection of the light-emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjustment unit on the plane where the display substrate is located at least partially overlap. A color deviation adjustment layer is provided on the display side of some light-emitting devices of the display substrate, and the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light-emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjustment unit is adjusted by the color deviation adjustment unit in the color deviation adjustment layer, so as to improve the color deviation phenomenon of the light-emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjustment unit.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display substrate and a display panel.
Background
An Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) is an Organic thin film electroluminescent device, which is widely used in electronic display products due to its advantages of simple manufacturing process, low cost, and realization of flexible display.
However, the light emitting device in the current electronic display products is susceptible to color shift phenomenon at above a preset temperature range due to limitations of its own material or structure, etc., which results in distortion of display images, reduction of contrast, and reduction of user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a display substrate and a display panel, in which a color shift adjustment layer is disposed on a display side of some light emitting devices of the display substrate, and chromaticity of light emitted from the light emitting devices corresponding to the color shift adjustment unit is adjusted by the color shift adjustment unit in the color shift adjustment layer, so as to solve a problem that the color shift phenomenon occurs when the light emitting devices are higher than a preset temperature range.
A first aspect of the present application provides a display substrate. The display substrate comprises a display functional layer and a color deviation adjusting layer. The display function layer includes a plurality of light emitting devices. The color deviation adjusting layer is positioned on the display side of the display functional layer and comprises at least one color deviation adjusting unit. The at least one color shift adjusting unit corresponds to at least one of the plurality of light emitting devices one by one. The color deviation adjusting unit is configured to adjust the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit under the condition that the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range, and the first orthographic projection of the color deviation adjusting unit on the plane of the display substrate is at least partially overlapped with the second orthographic projection of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit on the plane of the display substrate.
In the above scheme, the carrier balance condition between the cathode and the anode in the light emitting device can not be changed, and the chromatic shift can be reduced or eliminated under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, so that the color shift phenomenon of the light emitting device corresponding to the color shift adjusting unit under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range is improved, the display performance of the display substrate is stable, and the user experience effect is improved.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the second orthographic projection is located within the first orthographic projection.
In the above scheme, the color deviation adjusting unit can adjust the chromaticity of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit in any direction, which is favorable for the chromaticity of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit in any direction to be uniformly adjusted, so that the corresponding light emitting device can maintain uniform light emission.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the color shift adjusting unit is configured to be colorless and transparent in a preset temperature range, and to have a color and/or transmittance of light emitted from the corresponding light emitting device reduced above the preset temperature range.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the material of the color shift adjusting unit comprises a reversible thermochromic material to have a color corresponding to the light emitted from the light emitting device above a preset temperature range, the reversible thermochromic material is to change from colorless to a color corresponding to the light emitted from the light emitting device above the preset temperature range and gradually increase the color of the light emitted from the light emitting device with an increase in temperature, or the material of the color shift adjusting unit comprises a reversible thermochromic material to decrease the light transmittance above the preset temperature range, the reversible thermochromic material is to gradually decrease the light transmittance of the light emitted from the light emitting device with an increase in temperature above the preset temperature range, or the material of the color shift adjusting unit comprises a heated thickness changing material to decrease the light transmittance above the preset temperature range and gradually change the thickness above the preset temperature range.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic material and the reversible thermochromic material to the material of the color shift adjusting unit is 0.1% to 20%.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the display substrate further includes a light extraction layer located on a display side of the display function layer, and the at least one color shift adjusting unit is disposed in the light extraction layer. Further, at least one color shift adjusting unit is formed by doping a reversible thermochromic material, or a thermal thickness-varying material in the light extraction layer.
In the above scheme, the color cast phenomenon of the display substrate can be improved without increasing the thickness of the light extraction layer and retaining part or all of the functions of the light extraction layer, thereby being beneficial to the thinning of the display substrate.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer, located on the display side of the display function layer, and the at least one color shift adjustment unit is disposed in the encapsulation layer. Further, at least one color shift adjusting unit is formed by doping a reversible thermochromic material and a reversible thermochromic transmittance changing material in the encapsulation layer.
In the above scheme, the color cast phenomenon of the display substrate can be improved without increasing the thickness of the packaging layer and retaining part or all of the functions of the packaging layer, thereby being beneficial to the thinning of the display substrate.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the plurality of light emitting devices are divided into a first type light emitting device and a second type light emitting device, the wavelength of the emitted light of the first type light emitting device is smaller than the wavelength of the emitted light of the second type light emitting device, and the color shift adjusting unit corresponding to the first type light emitting device is set to have the color of the emitted light of the first type light emitting device above a preset temperature range, or the color shift adjusting unit corresponding to the second type light emitting device is set to have the light transmittance reduced above the preset temperature range, or the first type light emitting device and the second type light emitting device are both set to have the color of the emitted light of the first type light emitting device below the preset temperature range, and at least one color shift adjusting unit is divided into the first type color shift adjusting unit and the second type color shift adjusting unit, and the first type color shift adjusting unit is set to have the color of the emitted light of the first type light corresponding to the light of the light emitting device below the preset temperature range.
In a specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the first type of light emitting device is a light emitting device capable of emitting blue light, and the second type of light emitting device is at least one of a light emitting device capable of emitting red light and a light emitting device capable of emitting green light.
A second aspect of the present application provides a display panel. The display panel comprises any one of the display substrates provided in the first aspect of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in fig. 1, taken along BB'.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing another enlarged partial cross section along BB' in a region a of the display substrate shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing still another enlarged partial cross section along BB' in a region a of the display substrate shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing still another enlarged partial cross section along BB' in a region a of the display substrate shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing still another enlarged partial cross section along BB' in a region a of the display substrate shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing another enlarged partial cross section along BB' in a region a of the display substrate shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing chromaticity change of different display substrates before and after doping reversible thermochromic material in the light extraction layer.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing chromaticity change of different display substrates before and after doping the reversible thermally induced transmittance change material in the light extraction layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
At present, the display substrate generates heat during the light emitting process, which leads to temperature rise. In the case where the temperature is raised above the preset temperature range, the image displayed on the entire display substrate may be color-shifted compared to the preset image. The reason for this phenomenon is that, in the case of a temperature higher than a preset temperature range, the chromaticity corresponding to the light emitting device in the display substrate is shifted with the increase of the temperature, which results in a deviation between the color displayed by the light emitting device of the display substrate in the case of a temperature higher than the preset temperature range and the color displayed in the preset temperature range, thereby causing instability in the display performance of the display substrate, that is, a color shift phenomenon of the display image. The primary color of the color cast may be blue, red, green, yellow, or the like. The display substrate before the improvement of the technical scheme of the application is called as an original display substrate in the following.
In one method at present, the color cast phenomenon is improved by doping a material having a fluorescence intensity decreasing with an increase in temperature, such as a temperature-induced phase change material, in a light emitting layer of a light emitting device. However, this method changes the original material composition of the light emitting layer, and thus it is very easy to change the electrical balance of the light emitting device.
In view of the above, at least one embodiment of the application provides a display substrate and a display panel, which can solve at least the above problems. According to the application, the color deviation adjusting layers are arranged on the display sides of some light emitting devices of the original display substrate, the original material composition and structure of any film layer such as the light emitting layer in the light emitting device are not changed, namely, the type and the superposition relation of the film layer in the original light emitting device are not influenced, the electric balance of the light emitting device is not influenced, the risk of the problems such as the change of the driving voltage, the unstable light emitting efficiency and the like caused by the structural change of the light emitting device is avoided, and the design cost is also facilitated to be saved. In addition, the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit is adjusted under the condition that the color deviation adjusting unit in the color deviation adjusting layer is higher than a preset temperature range, so that the chromaticity deviation is reduced or eliminated, the color deviation phenomenon of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit can be improved, the display performance of the display substrate is stable, and the user experience effect is improved.
Hereinafter, a display substrate and a display panel according to at least one embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with reference to the substrate of the display substrate, in which the X-axis and the Y-axis are parallel to the plane of the display substrate and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane of the display substrate, to assist in explaining the positional relationship of each structure in the display substrate. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, "length" is defined in a direction parallel to the X-axis, for example, a difference between straight line distances of two endpoints of the object which are farthest from each other in the direction parallel to the X-axis is the length of the object, a "width" is defined in a direction parallel to the Y-axis, for example, a difference between straight line distances of two endpoints of the object which are farthest from each other in the direction parallel to the Y-axis is the width of the object, and "thickness" is defined with reference to the substrate, for example, a difference between a vertical distance of an end of the object which is farthest from the substrate to the substrate and a vertical distance of an end which is closest to the substrate is the thickness of the object.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the display substrate 100 has a display region 10 and a wiring region 20. The display area 10 is used for displaying images. The wiring region 20 is used for a signal line for applying a signal to the display region 10. The display substrate 100 may have a binding region, a bending region, or the like in addition to the display region 10 and the wiring region 20.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the display substrate 100 includes a display function layer 110 and a color shift adjustment layer 120. The display function layer 110 includes a plurality of light emitting devices 111. The color shift adjusting layer 120 is located on the display side of the display functional layer 110, and includes at least one color shift adjusting unit 121, where the at least one color shift adjusting unit 121 corresponds to at least one light emitting device of the plurality of light emitting devices 111 one by one. The color shift adjusting unit 121 is configured to adjust chromaticity of light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color shift adjusting unit in a case that the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range. The first orthographic projection of the color deviation adjusting unit 121 on the plane of the display substrate is at least partially overlapped with the second orthographic projection of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121 on the plane of the display substrate. Therefore, the carrier balance condition between the cathode and the anode in the light-emitting device is not changed, namely, the electrical performance of the light-emitting device such as carrier transmission performance is not affected, and the chromaticity deviation can be reduced or eliminated under the condition that the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range, so that the color cast phenomenon of the light-emitting device corresponding to the color cast adjusting unit under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range is improved, the display performance of the display substrate is stable, and the user experience effect is improved.
Note that each of the plurality of light emitting devices 111 may include an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, further, each light emitting device may further include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, which are sequentially stacked from the anode to the cathode, further, each light emitting device may further include an electron blocking layer between the anode and the light emitting layer, and a hole blocking layer between the cathode and the light emitting layer.
The display substrate may also include a substrate 130. The substrate 130 is for supporting the plurality of light emitting devices 111, and for example, the substrate 130 may be an array substrate. The display function layer 110 may further include a pixel defining layer 112, and the pixel defining layer 112 may be disposed between two adjacent light emitting devices among the plurality of light emitting devices 111. The plurality of light emitting devices 111 may share the same cathode, or the cathodes between any two adjacent light emitting devices may be separated by a pixel defining layer. The structure of the display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present application is described taking as an example that cathodes between any adjacent two light emitting devices are separated by a pixel defining layer.
The display substrate 100 may emit light in a bottom emission manner or in a top emission manner. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the light emitting mode of the display substrate 100 is bottom emission, that is, the light emitting direction of the display substrate is along the negative direction of the Z-axis, the substrate 130 may be a transparent substrate formed of transparent glass or transparent plastic, and the color shift adjustment layer 120 may be located between the display function layer 110 and the substrate 130. For example, in other embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 to 7, the display substrate 100 emits light in a top emission manner, the substrate 130 may be a transparent substrate or an opaque substrate such as metal, and the color shift adjustment layer 120 may be located on a side of the display function layer 110 away from the substrate 130.
The preset temperature range may be determined according to a temperature at which the at least one light emitting device generates color cast. For example, a chromaticity measurement may be performed on at least one light emitting device using a chromaticity measuring instrument such as a spectrometer, so as to obtain a chromaticity variation map, and the preset temperature range may be further determined according to the chromaticity variation map. The preset temperature range may also be determined by a user according to personal observation conditions or a model of the display substrate, for example, the preset temperature range may be set to 10 ℃ to 20 ℃ or 15 ℃ to 25 ℃.
In the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the application, the color cast phenomenon can be improved as long as the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection are at least partially overlapped, and on the basis, the relation between the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection can be set according to the actual process requirement, and the display substrate is not limited. In the following, in several embodiments, the relation of the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection is explained.
For example, in some embodiments of the application, the first orthographic projection may be located within the second orthographic projection, as illustrated in particular in fig. 2, by way of example. Taking the length as an example, the length of the color deviation adjusting unit 121 may be smaller than the length of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121. The relationship and length between the width of the color deviation adjusting unit 121 and the width of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121 are similar, and will not be described here.
For another example, in other embodiments of the present application, the second orthographic projection may be located within the first orthographic projection, as illustrated by way of example and in particular in fig. 3-7. Taking the length as an example, the length of the color deviation adjusting unit 121 may be greater than or equal to the length of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121. In this way, the second orthographic projection can be ensured to be completely covered by the first orthographic projection, so that the color deviation adjusting unit 121 can adjust the chromaticity of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121 in any direction, which is favorable for uniformly adjusting the chromaticity of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit 121 in any direction, so that the corresponding light emitting device can still maintain uniform light emission, and the display effect of the display substrate is ensured.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the color shift adjusting unit 121 is configured to be colorless and transparent in a preset temperature range, and has a color and/or transmittance reduced with the light emitted from the corresponding light emitting device above the preset temperature range. Therefore, chromaticity of emergent light of the corresponding light-emitting device in the preset temperature range can be guaranteed not to be influenced, namely color expression of the display substrate in the preset temperature range is not influenced. In addition, under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the chromaticity of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device is regulated by emergent light of the color corresponding to the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device, and/or the chromaticity of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device is regulated by reducing the light transmittance of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device, so that the chromaticity of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation regulating unit is regulated under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, and the color deviation phenomenon of the display substrate is avoided.
In the display substrate provided in the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be light emitting devices emitting light of the same color, or may be light emitting devices emitting light of different colors, and the types of the plurality of light emitting devices may be set according to the actual process, which is not limited herein. In the following, in several embodiments, the types of the plurality of light emitting devices and the design manner of the corresponding color shift adjusting unit will be described.
For example, in some embodiments of the present application, if the plurality of light emitting devices 111 are light emitting devices emitting light of the same color, the color cast is the same or substantially the same as the color of the light that the light emitting devices can emit. The plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be any one of a light emitting device capable of emitting blue light, a light emitting device capable of emitting red light, a light emitting device capable of emitting green light, and a light emitting device capable of emitting yellow light. As an example, as particularly shown in fig. 2, a color shift adjusting unit 121 may be provided at the display side of each light emitting device 111. In this way, the chromaticity of the emitted light of each light emitting device can be adjusted above a preset temperature range to improve the color shift phenomenon of each light emitting device.
For example, in other embodiments of the present application, if the plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be different types of light emitting devices (e.g., light emitting devices emitting different colors of light), the primary color of the color cast is related to the duty cycle and arrangement of the different types of light emitting devices. The plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be any combination of a light emitting device that can emit blue light, a light emitting device that can emit red light, a light emitting device that can emit green light, and a light emitting device that can emit yellow light. In this case, the color shift adjusting units may be provided on the display side of a single type of light emitting device (for example, light emitting devices emitting light of the same color), or on the display side of different types of light emitting devices. The types of the plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be classified according to colors of emitted light, may be classified according to the size of wavelength of emitted light, and may be classified in other manners. As illustrated in fig. 3 to 6, the plurality of light emitting devices 111 may be divided into a first type light emitting device 1111 and a second type light emitting device 1112, and an emission light wavelength of the first type light emitting device 1111 is smaller than an emission light wavelength of the second type light emitting device 1112.
It should be noted that, in the case that the light emitting devices of different types are higher than the preset temperature range, the chromaticity shift degree is different along with the temperature rise, so that the color cast phenomenon of the original display substrate occurs. Taking the first type light emitting device and the second type light emitting device as examples, the smaller the wavelength of emergent light, the larger the chromaticity shift degree with the temperature rise under the condition of being higher than a preset temperature range.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the color shift adjusting unit may be provided only for the display side of the first type of light emitting device. As illustrated in fig. 3, for example, the color shift adjusting unit 121 corresponding to the first type light emitting device 1111 is configured to have a color of light emitted from the color shift adjusting unit corresponding to the light emitting device when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range. In this way, under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the color of the emergent light of the corresponding color deviation adjusting unit is superimposed on the basis of the chromaticity of the emergent light of the first type of light emitting device, so that the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the emergent light of the first type of light emitting device is reduced or eliminated, the color deviation phenomenon of the original display substrate is improved, and the display effect of the display substrate is improved while the light transmittance of the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit is not reduced.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the color shift adjusting unit may be provided only for the display side of the second type light emitting device. As illustrated in fig. 4, for example, the color shift adjusting unit 121 corresponding to the second type light emitting device 1112 is configured to decrease light transmittance above a preset temperature range. Therefore, under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, the light transmittance of the emergent light of the second type light-emitting device is reduced, so that the chromaticity deviation degree of the second type light-emitting device is increased, namely, the difference of the chromaticity deviation degree between the second type light-emitting device and the first type light-emitting device is reduced or eliminated, and the color cast phenomenon of the original display substrate is further improved.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the color shift adjusting unit may be disposed on both the display side of the first type light emitting device and the display side of the second type light emitting device. As illustrated in fig. 5, the first type light emitting device 1111 and the second type light emitting device 1112 are respectively provided with corresponding color shift adjusting units, at least one color shift adjusting unit 121 is divided into a first type color shift adjusting unit 1211 and a second type color shift adjusting unit 1212, the first type color shift adjusting unit 1211 is provided corresponding to the first type light emitting device 1111, the first type color shift adjusting unit 1211 is provided to have a color of light emitted from the first type light emitting device corresponding to the first type color shift adjusting unit above a preset temperature range, the second type color shift adjusting unit 1212 is provided corresponding to the second type light emitting device 1112, and the second type color shift adjusting unit 1212 is provided to decrease light transmittance above the preset temperature range. In this way, by superposing the color of the outgoing light of the first type of light emitting device on the basis of the chromaticity of the outgoing light of the first type of light emitting device in a temperature range higher than the preset temperature range, the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the outgoing light of the first type of light emitting device is reduced, and simultaneously, by reducing the transmittance of the outgoing light of the second type of light emitting device in a temperature range higher than the preset temperature range, the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the second type of light emitting device is increased, thereby reducing or eliminating the difference of the deviation degree of the chromaticity between the second type of light emitting device and the first type of light emitting device under the condition that the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the first type of light emitting device and the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the second type of light emitting device are less improved, so as to improve the color cast phenomenon of the original display substrate, and simultaneously, adverse effects such as excessive thickness of the display substrate caused by excessive thickness of the corresponding color cast adjusting layer when the deviation degree of the chromaticity of the first type of light emitting device is required to be improved excessively are avoided.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the first type light emitting device 1111 is a light emitting device capable of emitting blue light, and the second type light emitting device 1112 is at least one of a light emitting device capable of emitting red light and a light emitting device capable of emitting green light.
Note that, when the second type light emitting device 1112 is a light emitting device 11121 capable of emitting red light and a light emitting device 11122 capable of emitting green light, if the color shift difference between the light emitting device capable of emitting red light and the light emitting device capable of emitting green light is not large, the same color shift adjustment unit 1212 may be provided corresponding to the light emitting device capable of emitting red light and the light emitting device capable of emitting green light, as illustrated in fig. 6. If the color shift difference between the light emitting device 11121 capable of emitting red light and the light emitting device 11122 capable of emitting green light is large, different color shift adjustment means may be provided for the light emitting device 11121 capable of emitting red light and the light emitting device 11122 capable of emitting green light. As an example, as particularly shown in fig. 7, the second type of color deviation adjusting unit 1212 may be divided into a color deviation adjusting unit 12121 corresponding to a light emitting device that can emit red light and a color deviation adjusting unit 12122 corresponding to a light emitting device that can emit green light. In some embodiments, different color shift adjusting units may be implemented by adjusting the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit or the mass ratio of the material, such as the reversible thermochromic material, so as to be beneficial to purposefully adjusting the chromaticity of the emitted red light and the chromaticity of the emitted green light, so as to improve the display effect of the display substrate.
In the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the application, the color deviation adjusting unit can play a role in improving the color deviation phenomenon as long as the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit can be adjusted, and on the basis, the materials of the color deviation adjusting unit can be selected according to the actual process requirement, and the color deviation adjusting unit is not limited. In the following, in several embodiments, the materials of the color shift adjusting unit are explained.
For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the color shift adjusting unit includes a reversible thermochromic material to have a color corresponding to the light emitting device emitting light above a preset temperature range, the reversible thermochromic material changes from colorless to a color corresponding to the light emitting device emitting light above the preset temperature range, and the color of the light emitting device emitting light of the color shift adjusting unit gradually increases with an increase in temperature. Therefore, the chromaticity of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device in the preset temperature range is not influenced, the chromaticity of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device can be reduced or eliminated by increasing the chromaticity of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device of the color deviation adjusting unit under the condition that the chromaticity is higher than the preset temperature range, the color deviation phenomenon of the display substrate is improved, and the display effect of the display substrate can be improved while the light transmittance of the corresponding light emitting device of the color deviation adjusting unit is not reduced.
It should be noted that, the change of the reversible thermochromic material in the preset temperature range and above the preset temperature range is reversible, specifically, in the case of above the preset temperature range, the reversible thermochromic material changes from colorless to the color of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting device, and the color deviation adjusting unit gradually increases the color of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting device along with the increase of the temperature, if the temperature decreases to the preset temperature range, the reversible thermochromic material returns to colorless from the color of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting device.
It should be noted that the reversible thermochromic materials in the color shift adjusting units corresponding to the light emitting devices emitting different colors of light may be different, the reversible thermochromic materials may be selected according to actual needs, and the reversible thermochromic materials may be any materials which meet the condition that the color of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting device is changed from colorless to corresponding light emitting device under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, and the color of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting device of the color shift adjusting unit is gradually increased along with the temperature rise. For example, the reversible thermochromic material may be a zinc complex of bis-salicylaldehyde-arylamine Schiff (Schiff) base such as bis-salicylaldehyde-p-phenylenediamine zinc, or may be a material formed by introducing a red-green-blue luminescent group for realizing the reversible thermochromic adjustment of red-green-blue on a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) derivative. For example, the red chromophore may be 4- (dicyano-alkenyl) -2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran (4- (Dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (4-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran, DCM), the green chromophore may be coumarin derivative, and the blue chromophore may be pyrene derivative.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic material in the material of the color shift adjustment unit is 0.1% -20%, for example, may be further 0.5%, 0.8%, 2%, 9% or 15%. Therefore, the increase of the light color of the color deviation adjusting unit under the condition that the color deviation adjusting unit is higher than a preset temperature range is adjusted by adjusting the mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic material in the material of the color deviation adjusting unit, so that on one hand, the phenomenon that the color deviation phenomenon of the original display substrate is improved is not obvious because the increase of the light color is too small when the content of the reversible thermochromic material in the color deviation adjusting unit is too low when the mass ratio is too small can be avoided. On the other hand, when the mass ratio is too large, the main color of the color cast of the original display substrate is changed into the color of the light color of the reversible thermochromic material because the increase amplitude of the light color is too large when the content of the reversible thermochromic material in the color cast adjusting unit is too high.
For example, in other embodiments of the present application, the material of the color shift adjusting unit includes a reversible thermally-induced transmittance changing material to decrease the transmittance above a preset temperature range, and the reversible thermally-induced transmittance changing material gradually decreases the transmittance of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color shift adjusting unit with an increase in temperature above the preset temperature range. Therefore, the light transmittance of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device in the preset temperature range can be guaranteed not to be influenced, and the light transmittance of the emergent light of the corresponding light emitting device of the color deviation adjusting unit can be reduced under the condition that the light transmittance is higher than the preset temperature range, so that the chromaticity deviation degree of the corresponding light emitting device is increased, the difference of chromaticity deviation degrees among different types of light emitting devices is reduced or eliminated, and the color deviation phenomenon of the display substrate is improved.
It should be noted that the change of the reversible thermochromic material in the preset temperature range and above the preset temperature range is reversible, specifically, the reversible thermochromic material may gradually decrease the transmittance of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color shift adjusting unit with the increase of the temperature in the case of being above the preset temperature range, and if the temperature is reduced to the preset temperature range, the transmittance of the reversible thermochromic material is restored to a value within the preset temperature range. For example, the reversible heat-induced transmittance change material may be a material including gelatin and sodium chloride, a material including gelatin and calcium dichloride, or a material including gelatin and magnesium dichloride. Further, the reversible thermosensitive transmittance-changing material may further include a solvent, a coagulant, and the like. For example, the reversible heat-sensitive transmittance-changing material may be a material obtained by mixing an inorganic salt with polystyrene, oxidized polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, or the like in an appropriate ratio.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of the reversible thermally induced transmittance changing material in the material of the color shift adjusting unit is 0.1% to 20%, for example, may be further 0.5%, 0.8%, 2%, 9% or 15%. Therefore, the degree of reduction of the light transmittance of the color deviation adjusting unit under the condition that the color deviation adjusting unit is higher than a preset temperature range is adjusted by adjusting the mass ratio of the reversible heat-induced transmittance changing material in the color deviation adjusting unit, so that on one hand, the phenomenon that the color deviation phenomenon of an original display substrate is improved is not obvious because the degree of reduction of the light transmittance is too small when the content of the reversible heat-induced transmittance changing material in the color deviation adjusting unit is too low when the mass ratio is too small can be avoided. On the other hand, when the mass ratio is too large, the display effect of the display substrate is prevented from being reduced due to too large reduction degree of the light transmittance when the content of the reversible thermally induced transmittance change material in the color deviation adjusting unit is too high.
For example, in still other embodiments of the present application, the material of the color shift adjustment unit includes a heated thickness variation material to reduce light transmittance above a preset temperature range, the heated thickness variation material being a thickness variation above the preset temperature range. Therefore, the light transmittance of the light emitting device corresponding to the preset temperature range and the overall thickness of the display substrate are not influenced, and the color cast phenomenon of the display substrate can be improved by reducing the light transmittance of the light emitting device corresponding to the color cast adjusting unit under the condition that the light transmittance is higher than the preset temperature range so as to reduce or eliminate the chromaticity deviation of the corresponding light emitting device.
The material having a variable thickness by heating may be a material having a positive or negative average linear expansion coefficient. If the heated thickness-variable material is a material having a positive average linear expansion coefficient, the thickness of the heated thickness-variable material increases with an increase in temperature above a predetermined temperature range, and may be, for example, a material such as a polytrifluoroethylene resin, polyimide, silicone, or silica material. If the heated thickness-variable material is a material with an average linear expansion coefficient of a negative value, the thickness of the heated thickness-variable material decreases with an increase in temperature above a predetermined temperature range, and may be, for example, a metal oxide material (such as tungsten zirconium oxide ZrW 2O8 or tungsten hafnium oxide HfW 2O8), a graphene material, an inverse perovskite material, or a perovskite material.
In some embodiments, the color shift adjusting unit may be a single film layer formed by using materials in the foregoing embodiments, such as a reversible thermochromic material, or a thermal thickness-variable material, and the single film layer may be a film layer that is newly added on the basis of a functional film layer in the original display substrate, for example, may be formed by using a vacuum evaporation method, so that the material of the functional film layer in the original display substrate may not be changed, which is beneficial to saving design costs. For example, the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit may be in a range of 5-100 nm, further for example, 10nm, 20nm, 35nm, 55nm or 80nm, and the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit may be adjusted according to the degree of color shift of the light emitting device.
In other embodiments, the color shift adjusting unit may be a film layer in which the material in the above embodiment is doped in any one or more of the functional film layers such as the light extraction layer and the encapsulation layer on the display side of the display functional layer in a doped manner. Therefore, the color cast phenomenon of the display substrate can be improved without increasing the thickness of the original functional film layer and retaining part or all of the functions of the original functional film layer, and the display substrate is thin. The doping method may be to co-evaporate the material of the functional film layer and the material in the above embodiment, or may be to mix the material of the functional film layer and the material in the above embodiment first and then evaporate the material. For example, the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit may be in a range of 5-50 nm, further for example 10nm, 15nm, 35nm or 48nm, and the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit may be adjusted according to the degree of color shift of the light emitting device.
Next, a color shift adjustment layer formed by doping will be described with several specific examples.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, the display substrate further includes a light extraction layer located on a display side of the display function layer, and the at least one color shift adjustment unit is disposed in the light extraction layer. As illustrated in fig. 2 to 7, for example, the color shift adjustment layer 120 may be a light extraction layer provided with at least one color shift adjustment unit.
It should be noted that, in the direction along the Z axis, the closer to the light emitting device corresponding to at least one color shift adjustment unit, the less the light is blocked by the high refractive index film layer or the substrate, the closer to the light emitting device corresponding to at least one color shift adjustment unit, the more the functional film layer provided with at least one color shift adjustment unit is, and the more the chromaticity of the light emitted from the light emitting device corresponding to the color shift adjustment unit is beneficial to adjusting under the condition that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range.
In the embodiment of the application, compared with other functional film layers of the original display substrate, the light extraction layer is closer to the light emitting device corresponding to at least one color deviation adjusting unit, and the at least one color deviation adjusting unit is arranged in the light extraction layer, so that the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit is adjusted.
In the display substrate provided in at least one embodiment of the present application, at least one color shift adjusting unit is formed by doping a reversible thermochromic material, a reversible thermochromic transmittance-changing material, or a thermal thickness-changing material in the light extraction layer.
It should be noted that, the closer the functional film layer is to the light emitting device corresponding to at least one color shift adjustment unit, the less doped material is needed in the functional film layer to adjust the same degree of variation of chromaticity under the condition of being higher than the preset temperature range.
In the embodiment of the application, the light extraction layer is doped with the doping materials such as the reversible thermochromic material, the reversible thermochromic transmittance change material or the heated thickness change material, so that the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit is adjusted under the condition that the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range while most or even all properties such as the light transmittance is increased under the condition that the light extraction layer is doped with less doping materials.
In the display technology field, in order to sufficiently exert an effect such as guiding out or straightening out the emitted light of the light emitting device, the thickness of the light extraction layer is generally set to a thickness corresponding to the case where the light extraction efficiency is highest. If the thickness of the light extraction layer is changed, the light transmittance may be reduced, and thus the chromaticity shift of the corresponding light emitting device may be reduced or eliminated.
For example, the ratio of the first thickness formed by the heat-receiving thickness-changing material to the second thickness formed by the light extraction layer may be in the range of 1/99 to 1/9, for example, 1/79, 1/59, 1/39, 1/19, etc. Therefore, the thickness variation degree of the color deviation adjusting unit when the color deviation adjusting unit is higher than a preset temperature range is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the first thickness which can be formed by the heated thickness variation material to the second thickness which can be formed by the light extraction layer, and the light transmittance reduction degree under the condition that the color deviation adjusting unit is higher than the preset temperature range is further adjusted, so that on one hand, the phenomenon that the color deviation of an original display substrate is improved is not obvious due to the fact that the light transmittance reduction degree is too small when the content of the heated thickness variation material in the color deviation adjusting unit is too low when the ratio is too small, and on the other hand, the display effect of the display substrate is reduced due to the fact that the light transmittance reduction degree is too large when the content of the heated thickness variation material in the color deviation adjusting unit is too high when the mass ratio is too large can be avoided.
The effect of chromaticity contrast between the original display substrate and the display substrate will be described below by way of several specific examples. The following chromaticity measurements were measured using spectrometer CS2000 with the drive voltage set at 4V. The abscissa in chromaticity coordinates is CIEx, which represents the red component, and the ordinate is CIEy, which represents the green component. The mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic material of the original display substrate is 0%, the thickness of the color deviation adjusting unit is 0nm, the chromaticity coordinate of the original display substrate is (0.300,0.310) which is marked as 1 in a preset temperature range such as 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the chromaticity coordinate of the original display substrate is (0.332,0.342) which is marked as 2 in a condition higher than the preset temperature range such as 50 ℃. Under the condition that the original display substrates are different, chromaticity coordinates at different temperatures are also different, and the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrates at 25 ℃ and 50 ℃ are not particularly limited.
For example, exemplary, specific is shown in table 1 below. The structure of the display substrate is exemplified by the embodiment shown in fig. 3. Further, the color shift adjusting unit 121 of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is formed by doping a reversible thermochromic material in the light extraction layer, and the first type of light emitting device 1111 is a light emitting device capable of emitting blue light. Reversible thermochromic materials are exemplified by materials in which ethyl 7- (diethylamino) -2-oxo-2-hydro-chromene-3-carboxylate is doped to dodecanoic acid at a mass ratio of 2%.
TABLE 1 color change Table of different display substrates before and after doping reversible thermochromic materials in light extraction layer
As can be seen from comparing the chromaticity coordinates marked 3 and 4 with the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate in conjunction with fig. 8, in the case where the thicknesses of the color shift adjustment units are identical, at least in the range of not more than 2% by mass, the higher the doping mass ratio, the closer the chromaticity coordinates of the display substrate at 50 ℃ are to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 25 ℃ (i.e., the chromaticity coordinates marked 1), i.e., the smaller the degree of chromaticity shift with respect to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 50 ℃ (i.e., the chromaticity coordinates marked 2), thus being more advantageous for improving the color shift phenomenon of the original display substrate. In addition, as is known by comparing the chromaticity coordinates marked 4 and 5 with the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate, in the case where the mass ratio is 2%, at least in the range of not more than 10nm, the higher the thickness, the closer the chromaticity coordinates of the display substrate at 50 ℃ are to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 25 ℃, that is, the smaller the degree of shift in chromaticity with respect to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 50 ℃, and thus the more advantageous is to improve the color cast phenomenon of the original display substrate. It can be proved that the doping of the reversible thermochromic material can improve the color cast phenomenon of the display substrate, and the chromaticity offset degree can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the color cast adjusting unit or the mass ratio of the reversible thermochromic material.
For example, as shown in table 2 below, the reversible heat-induced transmittance changing material is exemplified by a material including 5% gelatin and 5% magnesium dichloride.
TABLE 2 chromaticity Change Table of different display substrates before and after doping reversible thermochromic materials in light extraction layer
As can be seen from the comparison of the chromaticity coordinates marked 6, 7 and 8 with the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate in conjunction with fig. 9, the higher the thickness, the closer the chromaticity coordinates of the display substrate at 50 ℃ are to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 25 ℃, i.e., the smaller the degree of deviation of chromaticity with respect to the chromaticity coordinates of the original display substrate at 50 ℃ is, at least in the range of not more than 20nm in mass ratio, thus being more advantageous for improving the color cast phenomenon of the original display substrate. From this, it can be demonstrated that the doping of the reversible thermally induced transmittance changing material can improve the phenomenon that color shift occurs in the display substrate, and the degree of shift in chromaticity can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the color shift adjusting unit.
In the display substrate provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the display substrate further comprises an encapsulation layer located on the display side of the display function layer, at least one color deviation adjusting unit 121 is disposed in the encapsulation layer, and at least one color deviation adjusting unit 121 is formed by doping a reversible thermochromic material or a reversible thermochromic transmittance changing material in the encapsulation layer. As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the color shift adjusting layer 120 may be an encapsulation layer provided with at least one color shift adjusting unit. The encapsulation layer is a film layer for encapsulating the light emitting device. Therefore, the doping materials such as the reversible thermochromic material and the reversible thermochromic transmittance change are doped in the packaging layer, so that the chromaticity of the light emitted by the light emitting device corresponding to the color deviation adjusting unit can be adjusted under the condition that the temperature is higher than a preset temperature range while most or all properties of the packaging layer such as water-proof oxygen are reserved.
At least one embodiment of the present application also provides a display panel including a display substrate according to any of the above embodiments, such as the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 7.
It should be understood that the display substrate in the display panel may also be a display substrate that is an equivalent replacement or obvious modification of any of the display substrates according to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 7. The display panel may be applied to various electronic display products, and may specifically include, but not limited to, at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an electronic book reader, a player, a digital camera, a laptop, a car computer, a desktop computer, a set-top box, a smart television, and a wearable device.
In addition, the display panel may further include other structures such as a polarizer according to actual needs.
Since the display panel of the embodiment of the present application includes all the technical solutions of the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 7, at least all the technical effects can be achieved, and the description thereof is omitted herein.
It should be noted that the combination of the features in the present invention is not limited to the combination described in the claims or the combination described in the specific embodiments, and all the features described in the present invention may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradiction occurs between them.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is to be construed as including any modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
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