CN114293108A - Shield machine hob alloy material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Shield machine hob alloy material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hobbing cutters and discloses a hobbing cutter alloy material for a shield machine, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.34 to 0.45 percent; si: 0.90% -1.20%; mn: 0.30 to 0.45 percent; cr: 4.85% -5.50%; mo: 1.10% -1.65%; v: 0.95% -1.20%; al: 0.001% -0.05%; n: 0.004% -0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; the invention has reasonable component design, reasonably controls the addition of the carbon element, and can ensure that the H13 steel has higher hardness, namely the hardness of the hob is improved; the addition amount of the chromium element is reasonably controlled, so that the H13 steel has high toughness, namely the toughness of the hob is improved; after smelting, electroslag remelting is adopted, which can improve the purity of metal and prevent the metal from being oxidized by gas in the metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hobs, in particular to a shield tunneling machine hob alloy material and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The gear machining tool with the cutter teeth arranged along a cylindrical or conical spiral line is used for machining cylindrical gears, worm gears and other cylindrical toothed workpieces (see gear machining and gears) according to a generating method. The hob can be classified into a gear hob, a worm hob, a non-involute generating hob, a fixed hob and the like according to different purposes.
The existing commonly used hob materials are H13 and series steel developed by taking H13 steel as a base, the hob has certain requirements on the hardness and the toughness of the hob in the use process, the poor control of the addition amount of various elements in H13 can affect the performance of the alloy, particularly the poor control of the addition amount of carbon elements and chromium elements can affect the hardness and the toughness of the hob, and meanwhile, after the alloy material is smelted, a small amount of gas can be contained in metal, so that the metal is oxidized, and the metal is impure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a shield machine hob alloy material and a preparation process thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the alloy material for the shield machine hob comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.34 to 0.45 percent; si: 0.90% -1.20%; mn: 0.30 to 0.45 percent; cr: 4.85% -5.50%; mo: 1.10% -1.65%; v: 0.95% -1.20%; al: 0.001% -0.05%; n: 0.004% -0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the balance is iron element.
Preferably, the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.40 percent; si: 1.10 percent; mn: 0.39 percent; cr: 5.40 percent; mo: 1.15 percent; v: 1.10 percent; al: 0.002%; n: 0.02 percent; s: 0.03 percent; p: 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe.
Preferably, the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.39 percent; si: 1.15 percent; mn: 0.37 percent; cr: 5.30 percent; mo: 1.25 percent; v: 1.15%, Al: 0.04 percent; n: 0.004%; s: 0.01 percent; p: 0.01 percent; the balance being Fe.
Preferably, the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.44%; si: 0.95 percent; mn: 0.42 percent; cr: 4.90 percent; mo: 1.60 percent; v: 0.99%, Al: 0.01 percent; n: 0.04 percent; s: 0.02 percent; p: 0.03 percent; the balance being Fe.
The shield machine hob alloy material and the preparation process thereof are characterized in that the production process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
a. smelting:
(1) all metal materials are required to meet the quality standard, are used after being baked according to a system, and are heated and smelted by strictly controlling the addition amount of each element;
(2) after the raw materials are completely melted, adjusting the temperature in the furnace to be 1540-1560 ℃, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min at the temperature;
b. refining
(1) After the initial molten steel is fed into the furnace, Ar + O2 or N2+ O2 mixed gas is blown into the furnace, so that the molten steel temperature is controlled to be 1680 +/-10 ℃ in the refining period.
(2) After refining, the solution is placed in a mould to be cast into a steel ingot, and then the surface defects of the steel ingot are removed
c. Electroslag remelting
(1) Removing surface defects of the cast ingot, and smelting by using a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the electrode size is phi 250 multiplied by 1500-1600 mm, the smelting voltage is 54-56V, and the smelting current is 7000-7500A to form the cast ingot;
(2) the refining period adopts not less than two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining, the steel temperature is increased to 1630 ℃/1-2min, the steel temperature is reduced to 1520 ℃, and the refining time is not less than 25 min;
(3) the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, argon can not be filled in the whole process, and the tapping temperature is 1680 ℃;
d. homogenizing annealing
(1) Placing the remelted steel ingot in a heating furnace, regulating the temperature in the heating furnace to 1230 ℃, and preserving the heat for 6 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is reduced from 1230 ℃ to 530 ℃, the temperature reduction is finished, and the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and cooled to the room temperature in air;
e. forging:
(1) the steel ingot is loaded into a furnace, the forging heating temperature is 1130-;
(2) the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1030 ℃, and the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃;
f. spheroidizing annealing treatment
(1) Placing the forged steel ingot in a heating furnace, heating the steel ingot to 830-880 ℃ from room temperature, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature to 730-780 ℃, and preserving the heat for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 740-760 ℃;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature in the furnace to 500 ℃; after cooling, the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature;
g. quenching treatment
(1) Placing the steel ingot subjected to spheroidizing annealing in a heating furnace, raising the temperature in the furnace to 630 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 hours;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 830-880 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1-2 hours;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030-1130 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5-2 hours, and after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cooled to the room temperature;
(9) tempering treatment: and (4) placing the quenched ferroalloy cast ingot in a heating furnace, tempering, and finishing tempering to obtain the material for the hob.
Compared with the prior art, the shield machine hob alloy material and the preparation process thereof designed by the invention have the following advantages:
1. according to the shield machine hob alloy material and the preparation process thereof, electroslag remelting is adopted after smelting, the purity of metal can be improved through the electroslag remelting, and the metal is prevented from being oxidized by gas in the metal.
2. The shield machine hob alloy material and the preparation process thereof reasonably control the addition amount of carbon element, and can enable H13 steel to have high hardness, so that the hob has higher hardness in the use process.
3. The alloy material for the shield machine hob and the preparation process thereof reasonably control the addition amount of chromium element, so that the H13 steel has high toughness, and the hob has higher toughness in the use process.
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Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
Example 1:
the alloy material for the hob of the shield machine comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.40 percent; si: 1.10 percent; mn: 0.39 percent; cr: 5.40 percent; mo: 1.15 percent; v: 1.10 percent; al: 0.002%; n: 0.02 percent; s: 0.03 percent; p: 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe.
Example 2:
the alloy material for the hob of the shield machine comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.39 percent; si: 1.15 percent; mn: 0.37 percent; cr: 5.30 percent; mo: 1.25 percent; v: 1.15%, Al: 0.04 percent; n: 0.004%; s: 0.01 percent; p: 0.01 percent; the balance being Fe.
Example 3:
the alloy material for the hob of the shield machine comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.44%; si: 0.95 percent; mn: 0.42 percent; cr: 4.90 percent; mo: 1.60 percent; v: 0.99%, Al: 0.01 percent; n: 0.04 percent; s: 0.02 percent; p: 0.03 percent; the balance being Fe.
A shield machine hob alloy material and a preparation process thereof comprise the following steps:
a. smelting:
(1) all metal materials are required to meet the quality standard, are used after being baked according to a system, and are heated and smelted by strictly controlling the addition amount of each element;
(2) after the raw materials are completely melted, adjusting the temperature in the furnace to be 1540-1560 ℃, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min at the temperature;
b. refining
(1) After the initial molten steel is fed into the furnace, Ar + O2 or N2+ O2 mixed gas is blown into the furnace, so that the molten steel temperature is controlled to be 1680 +/-10 ℃ in the refining period.
(2) After refining, the solution is placed in a mould to be cast into a steel ingot, and then the surface defects of the steel ingot are removed
c. Electroslag remelting
(1) Removing surface defects of the cast ingot, and smelting by using a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the electrode size is phi 250 multiplied by 1500-1600 mm, the smelting voltage is 54-56V, and the smelting current is 7000-7500A to form the cast ingot;
(2) the refining period adopts not less than two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining, the steel temperature is increased to 1630 ℃/1-2min, the steel temperature is reduced to 1520 ℃, and the refining time is not less than 25 min;
(3) the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, argon can not be filled in the whole process, and the tapping temperature is 1680 ℃;
d. homogenizing annealing
(1) Placing the remelted steel ingot in a heating furnace, regulating the temperature in the heating furnace to 1230 ℃, and preserving the heat for 6 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is reduced from 1230 ℃ to 530 ℃, the temperature reduction is finished, and the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and cooled to the room temperature in air;
e. forging:
(1) the steel ingot is loaded into a furnace, the forging heating temperature is 1130-;
(2) the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1030 ℃, and the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃;
f. spheroidizing annealing treatment
(1) Placing the forged steel ingot in a heating furnace, heating the steel ingot to 830-880 ℃ from room temperature, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature to 730-780 ℃, and preserving the heat for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 740-760 ℃;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature in the furnace to 500 ℃; after cooling, the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature;
g. quenching treatment
(1) Placing the steel ingot subjected to spheroidizing annealing in a heating furnace, raising the temperature in the furnace to 630 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 hours;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 830-880 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1-2 hours;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030-1130 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5-2 hours, and after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cooled to the room temperature;
(9) tempering treatment: and (4) placing the quenched ferroalloy cast ingot in a heating furnace, tempering, and finishing tempering to obtain the material for the hob.
The invention has reasonable component design, reasonably controls the addition amount of the carbon element, and can ensure that the H13 steel has higher hardness, namely the hardness of the hob is improved; the addition amount of the chromium element is reasonably controlled, so that the H13 steel has high toughness, namely the toughness of the hob is improved; after smelting, electroslag remelting is adopted, which can improve the purity of metal and prevent the metal from being oxidized by gas in the metal.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (5)
1. The alloy material for the hob of the shield machine is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.34 to 0.45 percent; si: 0.90% -1.20%; mn: 0.30 to 0.45 percent; cr: 4.85% -5.50%; mo: 1.10% -1.65%; v: 0.95% -1.20%; al: 0.001% -0.05%; n: 0.004% -0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; the balance of iron element.
2. The alloy material for the shield machine hob according to claim 1, wherein the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.40 percent; si: 1.10 percent; mn: 0.39 percent; cr: 5.40 percent; mo: 1.15 percent; v: 1.10 percent; al: 0.002%; n: 0.02 percent; s: 0.03 percent; p: 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe.
3. The alloy material for the shield machine hob according to claim 1, wherein the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.39 percent; si: 1.15 percent; mn: 0.37 percent; cr: 5.30 percent; mo: 1.25 percent; v: 1.15%, Al: 0.04 percent; n: 0.004%; s: 0.01 percent; p: 0.01 percent; the balance being Fe.
4. The alloy material for the shield machine hob according to claim 1, wherein the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c: 0.44%; si: 0.95 percent; mn: 0.42 percent; cr: 4.90 percent; mo: 1.60 percent; v: 0.99%, Al: 0.01 percent; n: 0.04 percent; s: 0.02 percent; p: 0.03 percent; the balance being Fe.
5. The shield machine hob alloy material and the preparation process thereof according to claim 1, wherein the production process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
a. smelting:
(1) all metal materials are required to meet the quality standard, are used after being baked according to a system, and are heated and smelted by strictly controlling the addition amount of each element;
(2) after the raw materials are completely melted, adjusting the temperature in the furnace to be 1540-1560 ℃, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min at the temperature;
b. refining
(1) After the initial molten steel is fed into the furnace, Ar + O2 or N2+ O2 mixed gas is blown into the furnace, so that the molten steel temperature is controlled to be 1680 +/-10 ℃ in the refining period.
(2) After refining, the solution is placed in a mould to be cast into a steel ingot, and then the surface defects of the steel ingot are removed
c. Electroslag remelting
(1) Removing surface defects of the cast ingot, and smelting by using a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the electrode size is phi 250 multiplied by 1500-1600 mm, the smelting voltage is 54-56V, and the smelting current is 7000-7500A to form the cast ingot;
(2) the refining period adopts not less than two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining, the steel temperature is increased to 1630 ℃/1-2min, the steel temperature is reduced to 1520 ℃, and the refining time is not less than 25 min;
(3) the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, argon can not be filled in the whole process, and the tapping temperature is 1680 ℃;
d. homogenizing annealing
(1) Placing the remelted steel ingot in a heating furnace, regulating the temperature in the heating furnace to 1230 ℃, and preserving the heat for 6 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is reduced from 1230 ℃ to 530 ℃, the temperature reduction is finished, and the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and cooled to the room temperature in air;
e. forging:
(1) the steel ingot is loaded into a furnace, the forging heating temperature is 1130-;
(2) the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1030 ℃, and the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 930 ℃;
f. spheroidizing annealing treatment
(1) Placing the forged steel ingot in a heating furnace, heating the steel ingot to 830-880 ℃ from room temperature, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours at the temperature;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature to 730-780 ℃, and preserving the heat for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 740-760 ℃;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature in the furnace to 500 ℃; after cooling, the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature;
g. quenching treatment
(1) Placing the steel ingot subjected to spheroidizing annealing in a heating furnace, raising the temperature in the furnace to 630 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-2 hours;
(2) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 830-880 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1-2 hours;
(3) after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature in the furnace is raised to 1030-1130 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5-2 hours, and after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cooled to the room temperature;
(9) tempering treatment: and (4) placing the quenched ferroalloy cast ingot in a heating furnace, tempering, and finishing tempering to obtain the material for the hob.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114774613A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-22 | 广州市聚隆通用设备制造有限公司 | High-strength special-shaped channel steel and preparation method thereof |
CN115449694A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-09 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Shield machine cutter and production method thereof |
CN115652214A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中铁建华南建设(广州)高科技产业有限公司 | Steel, preparation method thereof and hob ring |
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CN109338226A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-15 | 中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司 | A kind of high-performance TBM cutterhead scum board material and preparation method thereof |
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CN114774613A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-22 | 广州市聚隆通用设备制造有限公司 | High-strength special-shaped channel steel and preparation method thereof |
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CN115652214B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-11-03 | 中铁建华南建设(广州)高科技产业有限公司 | Steel and preparation method thereof, hob ring |
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