CN114292680A - Method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes - Google Patents
Method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114292680A CN114292680A CN202111368882.3A CN202111368882A CN114292680A CN 114292680 A CN114292680 A CN 114292680A CN 202111368882 A CN202111368882 A CN 202111368882A CN 114292680 A CN114292680 A CN 114292680A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012437 puffed product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004457 water analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes, which belongs to the technical field of biomass particle processing and comprises the following steps: (1) primary crushing; (2) extruding and puffing; (3) drying treatment; (4) performing secondary crushing treatment; (5) light-magnetic coupling processing; (6) and (6) granulating. The application provides a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes, and processing technologies such as extrusion and puffing, magnetic field-vacuum coupling, light-magnetic coupling and the like are applied to processing and manufacturing of the biomass particles, so that performance parameters of the biomass particles are effectively improved, and the quality of the biomass particles is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field, and particularly relates to a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste.
Background
The biomass granular fuel has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, easy ignition and CO2The system has the advantages of approximate zero emission and the like, can replace fossil fuels such as coal and the like to be applied to civil fields such as cooking, heating and the like and industrial fields such as boiler combustion, power generation and the like, and is rapidly developed in European Union, North America and China in recent years. Agricultural and forestry wastes contain various available substances, of which cellulose and hemicellulose are two important substances. Cellulose is an important component of woody biomass and is the most abundant renewable resource on earth. Cellulose can be converted into clean fuel and chemical ethanol, and the key point of the conversion is to find an effective way to hydrolyze the cellulose into soluble fermentation sugar such as glucose. The agricultural and forestry wastes can be usedThe biomass particles are processed, so that waste can be well changed into valuable, and the environment is protected.
The existing literature reports about biomass pellet fuel all take part of biomass with strong regionality as research direction, and the application range of research results has regional characteristics. The research and application of the biomass particle have great limitations, and the biomass particle has general performance and is limited in application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, and screening the agricultural and forestry wastes to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, and obtaining an expanded product for later use after the extrusion-expansion treatment is completed;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, and taking out the dried product for later use;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, and taking out for later use after the light-magnetic coupling treatment is completed;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Further, the rotation speed of the pulverizer in the preliminary crushing in the step (1) is 1000-2000 rpm, and the pulverized material is sieved by a 20-60-mesh sieve.
Further, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled to be 100-150 rpm during the extrusion and expansion treatment in the step (2), and the water content of the coarse powder is 20-40%.
Further, the magnetic field intensity is controlled to be 200-300 mT, the vacuum degree is 2-6 Pa, and the drying temperature is 30-40 ℃ during the low-temperature vacuum drying treatment in the step (3).
Further, the rotation speed of the pulverizer is controlled to be 4000-5000 rpm during the pulverizing treatment in the step (4), and the pulverizing treatment is carried out for 1-2 hours.
Further, the wavelength of the light wave is controlled to be 200-300 nm during the light-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5), the magnetic field intensity is 20-50 mT, the distance between the crushed product and the light source during the treatment is 1-2 m, and the time of the light-magnetic coupling treatment is 30-40 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. this application carries out preliminary crushing with the raw materials and places extrusion puffing in the extrusion puffing machine after handling in, and the raw materials receives mixing, stirring and friction and high shear force effect and obtains and accumulate the energy and reach high temperature high pressure, and many micropores burst out inside the material, the volume expands rapidly to form loose puffed product, changed the rerum natura of material, establish the basis for follow-up processing.
2. The low-temperature drying treatment is carried out in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment, the interaction of the magnetic field and the vacuum is cooperated, the pore channel of the puffed product is changed, and the moisture can be stably, durably and efficiently volatilized along the pores even under the low-temperature condition, so that the effect of uniform drying is achieved.
3. This application carries out the regrinding with dry product, and further crushing obtains the crushing product that the homogeneity refines, in the light-magnetic coupling environment, can not only play the effect of disinfecting, can also further the homogeneity refines, helps the increase of granulation in-process density to improve the performance of living beings granule.
4. The application provides a method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes, and processing technologies such as extrusion and puffing, magnetic field-vacuum coupling, light-magnetic coupling and the like are applied to processing and manufacturing of the biomass particles, so that performance parameters of the biomass particles are effectively improved, and the quality of the biomass particles is improved.
Detailed Description
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1000-2000 rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 20-60-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 100-150 rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 20-40%, so as to obtain an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 200-300 mT, the vacuum degree to be 2-6 Pa and the drying temperature to be 30-40 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a pulverizer for pulverizing, controlling the rotating speed of the pulverizer to be 4000-5000 rpm, and pulverizing for 1-2 hours to obtain a pulverized product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 200-300 nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 20-50 mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1-2 m during treatment, and taking out for later use after 30-40 min treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
For further explanation of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1000rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 100rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 20%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 200mT, the vacuum degree to be 2Pa and the drying temperature to be 30 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a pulverizer for pulverizing, controlling the rotating speed of the pulverizer to 4000rpm, and pulverizing for 1h to obtain a pulverized product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 200nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 20mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 30min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 2
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT, the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 35mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 3
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 2000rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw at 150rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder at 40%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 300mT, the vacuum degree to be 6Pa and the drying temperature to be 40 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a pulverizer for pulverizing, controlling the rotating speed of the pulverizer to be 5000rpm, and pulverizing for 2 hours to obtain a pulverized product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 300nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 50mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 2m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 40min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 4
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT, the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out a dried product for later use after completion;
(3) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (2) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(4) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (3) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 35mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(5) and (3) granulation:
and (4) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (4) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 5
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after the drying treatment is finished;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 35mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 6
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after the drying is finished;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 35mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 7
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
drying the puffed product obtained in the step (2) at a low temperature in a drying oven, controlling the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the magnetic field intensity to be 35mT, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 8
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT, the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) and (3) light treatment:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light environment for light treatment, controlling the wavelength of light waves to be 250nm, controlling the distance between the crushed product and a light source to be 1.5m during treatment, and taking out the crushed product for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 9
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT, the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) magnetic field treatment:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a magnetic field environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 35mT, and taking out for later use after 35min of treatment;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
Example 10
A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, wherein the rotation speed of the crusher is 1500rpm, and sieving the crushed wastes by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, controlling the rotation speed of a screw to be 125rpm, and controlling the water content of the coarse powder to be 30%, thus obtaining an expanded product for later use;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, controlling the magnetic field strength to be 250mT, the vacuum degree to be 4Pa and the drying temperature to be 35 ℃, and taking out the dried product for later use after completion;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment, controlling the rotating speed of the crusher to be 4500rpm, and crushing for 1.5h to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) and (3) granulation:
and (4) placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) into a granulator for granulation.
In order to compare the technical effects of the application, the biomass particles are prepared by the methods of the above embodiments 2 and 4-10 respectively, and then the performances of the biomass particles prepared by the methods are tested. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) determination of Density
Weighing biomass particles, recording the weight m, then putting the weighed particles into a measuring cylinder filled with part of water, and recording the rising volume V of the water surface after the particles are completely immersed. Density of biomass particles
Calculated according to the following formula:
(2) measurement of mechanical Strength
The measurement is carried out by a rotary drum testing machine according to the national standard GB/T2006-1994 method for measuring the mechanical strength of metallurgical coke. The breakage rate was calculated and used to represent the crush and attrition resistance of the biomass particles.
(3) Determination of the Water content
The total water analysis water content and the internal water analysis water content are measured by a heat value instrument.
(4) Determination of the volatile content
The weight is m, referred to German standards EN 15148-2009, DIN EN 15148-2010 determination of solid biofuel-volatile content1Putting the biomass particles into a crucible, adding a small amount of water (so as to expel air in a volatilization stage), sealing the crucible with a cover, putting the crucible into a muffle furnace, slowly heating to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 15min until the biomass particles are fully dried, gradually heating to 600 ℃, maintaining for 30min, fully separating out volatile matters, naturally cooling to room temperature, weighing the weight m of the residual solid2The volatile content h is calculated according to the following formula:
(5) determination of the ash content
Putting biomass particles with the weight of m1 into a ceramic watch glass, then putting the ceramic watch glass into a muffle furnace, slowly heating to 600 ℃, maintaining for 30min, fully combusting, and naturally cooling to room temperature. Weigh m the remaining solids2. Ash content h2Calculated as follows:
the specific experimental results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Density/(g cm)-3） | Fraction of | Total water analysis of water content/%) | Water content in water analysis/%) | Volatile content/% | Ash content/%) | |
| Example 2 | 1.38 | 13.5 | 6.5 | 1.38 | 38.5 | 0.2 |
| Example 4 | 1.02 | 18.3 | 10.2 | 1.02 | 52.3 | 4.6 |
| Example 5 | 1.23 | 16.5 | 8.6 | 1.34 | 51.3 | 2.3 |
| Example 6 | 1.31 | 13.9 | 7.5 | 1.25 | 45.5 | 2.5 |
| Example 7 | 1.12 | 19.2 | 9.5 | 1.25 | 60.8 | 4.1 |
| Example 8 | 1.35 | 16.1 | 7.2 | 1.36 | 41.2 | 3.1 |
| Example 9 | 1.34 | 15.2 | 8.1 | 1.25 | 45.6 | 3.5 |
| Example 10 | 1.32 | 16.9 | 9.5 | 1.39 | 52.1 | 5.1 |
As can be seen from table 1 above, the results of the tests on the physical and chemical properties of the biomass particles prepared by the methods of the embodiments show that the performance parameters of the biomass particles are effectively improved and the quality of the biomass particles is improved by the processing technologies such as extrusion, puffing, photo-magnetic coupling and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) primary crushing:
screening agricultural and forestry wastes, placing the agricultural and forestry wastes in a straw crusher for primary crushing treatment, and screening the agricultural and forestry wastes to obtain coarse powder for later use;
(2) extruding and puffing:
placing the coarse powder obtained in the step (1) into an extrusion-expansion machine for extrusion-expansion treatment, and obtaining an expanded product for later use after the extrusion-expansion treatment is completed;
(3) and (3) drying treatment:
placing the puffed product obtained in the step (2) in a magnetic field-vacuum coupling environment for low-temperature drying treatment, and taking out the dried product for later use;
(4) and (3) secondary crushing treatment:
putting the dried product obtained in the step (3) into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain a crushed product for later use;
(5) optical-magnetic coupling processing:
placing the crushed product obtained in the step (4) in a light-magnetic coupling environment for light-magnetic coupling treatment, and taking out for later use after the light-magnetic coupling treatment is completed;
(6) and (3) granulation:
and (5) placing the product subjected to the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5) into a granulator for granulation.
2. The method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the pulverizer during primary pulverization in the step (1) is 1000-2000 rpm, and the pulverized biomass particles are sieved by a 20-60-mesh sieve.
3. The method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the screw is controlled to be 100-150 rpm during the extrusion and expansion treatment in the step (2), and the moisture content of the coarse powder is 20-40%.
4. The method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature vacuum drying treatment in the step (3) is performed under the conditions of magnetic field intensity of 200-300 mT, vacuum degree of 2-6 Pa and drying temperature of 30-40 ℃.
5. The method for preparing biomass particles by using agricultural and forestry waste, according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the pulverizer is controlled to be 4000-5000 rpm during the pulverizing treatment in the step (4), and the pulverizing treatment is carried out for 1-2 hours.
6. The method for preparing biomass particles from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the light wave is controlled to be 200-300 nm during the photo-magnetic coupling treatment in the step (5), the magnetic field intensity is 20-50 mT, the distance between the ground product and the light source is 1-2 m during the treatment, and the time of the photo-magnetic coupling treatment is 30-40 min.
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| CN115141056A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-04 | 雷涛 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by treating field weeds |
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