CN114284594A - A battery and battery pack - Google Patents
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- CN114284594A CN114284594A CN202010978904.7A CN202010978904A CN114284594A CN 114284594 A CN114284594 A CN 114284594A CN 202010978904 A CN202010978904 A CN 202010978904A CN 114284594 A CN114284594 A CN 114284594A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and provides a battery, which comprises a shell and an electric core assembly arranged in the shell, wherein insulating liquid with preset mass is injected into the shell, the liquid level height of the insulating liquid with the preset mass in the shell is lower than that of the electric core assembly, and the preset mass of the insulating liquid and the difference value of the total heat productivity of the battery and the heat quantity required by the battery for increasing from the initial temperature to the highest design temperature form a preset ratio. The invention also provides a battery pack which comprises a tray, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery module and a sealing cover, wherein the sealing cover is provided with a heat dissipation structure, and the battery module comprises a plurality of batteries. The battery and the battery pack provided by the invention effectively reduce the using amount of the insulating liquid, reduce the temperature difference of the battery by utilizing phase-change heat exchange of the insulating liquid, improve the heat exchange capacity and ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery in the working state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and particularly relates to a battery and a battery pack.
Background
With the continuous popularization of new energy vehicles, the use requirements of power batteries in the new energy vehicles become higher and higher. Particularly, the mileage requirement of a user on the new energy vehicle is continuously improved, so that the total capacity of a battery pack of the new energy vehicle is continuously improved; for example, in order to improve the capacity of the batteries, a large number of batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack, and then the battery pack is assembled into a power battery pack; and two adjacent batteries need to be in power connection through an external power connecting piece. The power connecting piece can lead to the increase of the internal resistance of the battery, improve the internal consumption and the heat generation of the power battery pack in use, ensure the normal work of the battery pack, avoid thermal runaway and fire explosion, improve the safety and particularly urgently research on the thermal management technology of the battery pack and the implementation thereof.
In the prior art, a battery pack is filled with insulating liquid, the liquid which absorbs heat and is heated in the battery pack is transported to the outside of the battery pack through a pump, and the heat is dissipated through fin air cooling. The battery pack shell is filled with the insulating liquid, so that the using amount of the insulating liquid is large, and the cost is high. When the fins are used for air cooling, the battery pack is large in size and not compact in structure; meanwhile, under severe conditions, when the heat productivity of the battery is large, the fins have limited air-cooling heat exchange capacity and possibly have insufficient heat dissipation capacity. And utilize insulating liquid cooling sensible heat to dispel the heat to the battery, when group battery size is great, insulating liquid is along with the pump power runner in-process, and the temperature constantly rises, and heat transfer capacity descends, leads to the temperature difference between the battery to be on the large side.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems and provides a battery and a battery pack, which effectively reduce the consumption of insulating liquid, reduce the temperature difference of the battery by utilizing phase-change heat exchange of the insulating liquid, improve the heat exchange capacity and ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery in a working state.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a battery, includes the casing and locates electric core subassembly in the casing, the injection has the insulating liquid of predetermineeing the quality in the casing, predetermine the quality insulating liquid is in liquid level height in the casing is less than electric core subassembly's height, insulating liquid predetermine the quality with the total calorific capacity of battery with the battery rises to the required thermal difference of highest design temperature from initial temperature and becomes predetermined ratio.
Optionally, the preset mass of the insulating liquid is according to the formula:
is determined, wherein A is a predetermined constant, and A ≧ 1, CfluidIs the specific heat capacity, T, of the insulating liquidfluid-boilingIs the boiling point of the insulating liquid, T0At normal temperature, QbatteryIs the total heat generation of the battery, QlimitThe amount of heat required to raise the cell from an initial temperature to a maximum design temperature.
Optionally, in the formula:
middle, 1.3>A≥1。
Optionally, the electric core assembly is provided with a plurality of, two adjacent electric core assemblies are electrically connected through a connecting structure, two adjacent electric core assemblies are provided with a partition plate therebetween, the partition plate is used for separating and fixing the electric core assemblies, and the partition plate and the shell are provided with a gap therebetween.
Optionally, the housing includes a housing having an opening and a cover plate covering the opening, the electric core assembly is installed in the housing through the opening, and a holding cavity for holding the insulating liquid is formed between the housing and the electric core assembly.
Optionally, the cover plate is provided with a liquid injection hole for injecting the insulating liquid into the accommodating cavity.
Optionally, the liquid injection hole is located above the liquid level of the insulating liquid in the accommodating cavity.
Optionally, a pressure sensor is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the shell is provided with an explosion-proof structure.
The invention also provides a battery pack which comprises a tray, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery module and a sealing cover, wherein the battery module is arranged in the tray, the high-voltage distribution box is electrically connected with the battery module, the sealing cover covers the top of the battery module and is fixed on the tray through a locking piece, the sealing cover is provided with a heat dissipation structure, and the battery module comprises a plurality of batteries.
Optionally, in the battery module, the plurality of batteries are arranged along a set direction, and along the set direction, a height of a liquid level of the insulating liquid in the batteries, which is close to the tray frame, is lower than a height of a liquid level of the insulating liquid in the batteries, which is close to the tray center.
Optionally, the heat dissipation structure is a liquid cooling plate or/and a fin structure.
According to the battery and the battery pack provided by the invention, the insulating liquid with preset quality is injected into the shell of the battery, the liquid level of the insulating liquid in the shell is lower than the height of the electric core assembly, and the preset quality of the insulating liquid is further limited, so that the preset quality of the insulating liquid and the difference value between the total heat productivity of the battery and the heat required by the battery to rise from the initial temperature to the highest design temperature form a preset ratio, the use amount of the insulating liquid is effectively reduced on the basis of effectively radiating the battery, the cost of the insulating liquid is reduced, and the temperature difference of the battery is reduced by utilizing the phase-change heat exchange of the insulating liquid; after making the battery package with above-mentioned battery, set up heat radiation structure through the top at battery pack, utilize heat radiation structure to accelerate the heat dissipation, simultaneously, the battery module is very fast with the partial heat dissipation of sealed lid contact, and the temperature is low, can have a great heat transfer difference in the vertical direction, and its heat transfer capacity is big more, and then the difference in temperature is big more, and the speed that rises after the insulating liquid vaporization flows is fast more, and then accelerates the radiating efficiency, guarantees temperature uniformity under the battery package operating condition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 4.
In the figure, 1-battery, 10-containing cavity, 11-first pole, 12-second pole, 13-explosion-proof structure, 2-shell, 21-cover plate, 22-shell, 221-opening, 3-electric core assembly, 4-clapboard, 5-insulating liquid, 6-liquid injection hole, 7-insulating film, 100-tray, 101-high voltage distribution box, 102-battery module, 103-sealing cover, 104-liquid cooling plate, 105-sealing structure, 106-thermal insulation material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, directly disposed, installed, connected, or indirectly disposed and connected through intervening components and intervening structures.
In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, if the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal direction", "lateral direction", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the conventional placement state or use state, the description is only for convenience and simplification of description, and the indication or suggestion that the structure, feature, device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The various features and embodiments described in the embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, for example, different embodiments may be formed by combining different features/embodiments, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations of features/embodiments in the present invention will not be described in detail.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a battery 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a case 2 and an electric core assembly 3 disposed in the case 2, the electric core assembly 3 in this embodiment is a complete soft package battery structure capable of being used independently, and includes an aluminum-plastic film shell (or other materials), a positive plate, a separator, a negative plate, an electrolyte, and the like, the specific arrangement and connection relationship thereof are the prior art, in order to improve the heat dissipation capability of the battery 1, an insulating liquid 5 with a preset quality is injected into the case 2, wherein a liquid level H1 of the insulating liquid 5 in the case 2 is lower than a height H2 of the electric core assembly 3, and the electric core assembly 3 is immersed in the insulating liquid 5. The heat generated in the battery 1 during the charge and discharge is absorbed by the insulating liquid 5, and the temperature of the insulating liquid 5 rises, so that the temperature of the battery 1 decreases. When battery 1 produced a large amount of heats, insulating liquid 5 temperature rose fast, and when insulating liquid 5's temperature rose to its boiling point, insulating liquid 5 evaporation, absorb a large amount of heats, reduce battery 1's temperature, prevent that battery 1's temperature from causing the thermal runaway easily, insulating liquid 5 vaporization back rises to flow and casing 2 top contact production heat exchange, can be outside casing 2 with the heat discharge on the one hand, insulating liquid 5 steam condensation becomes insulating liquid 5 back, fall back casing 2 bottom, on the other hand, insulating liquid 5 vaporizes back and rises to flow, carry the heat to casing 2 top, avoid battery 1 to appear great difference in temperature. Compare with the whole submergence of the battery pack 3 among the prior art in insulating liquid 5, make insulating liquid 5 fill up the inside scheme of battery case, the quantity of insulating liquid 5 is few in the battery 1 that this embodiment provided, reduces the cost of insulating liquid 5 to utilize 5 phase transition heat exchanges of insulating liquid, reduce the battery 10 difference in temperature.
In order to ensure that the insulating liquid 5 injected into the case 2 does not need to fill the entire case 2, the heat dissipation requirement of the battery 1 can be satisfied, and the purpose of reducing the consumption of the insulating liquid 5 is achieved. In the present invention, it is further defined that the preset mass of the insulating liquid 5 is a predetermined ratio to the difference between the total amount of heat generated from the battery 1 and the amount of heat required for the battery 1 to rise from the initial temperature to the maximum design temperature. The total heat productivity of the battery 1 refers to the total heat produced by the battery 1 in the process of charging and discharging according to a set current under a normal temperature condition (for example, charging or discharging under a 0.5C working condition, charging or discharging under a 1C working condition, charging or discharging under a 2C working condition, and the like), the initial temperature refers to the temperature when the battery 1 starts to charge and discharge, generally refers to the normal temperature (22 ℃ +/-5 ℃), the maximum design temperature refers to the maximum working temperature required to be controlled during normal charging and discharging of the battery 1, and according to the requirements of a working environment, for example, the maximum design temperature can be 32 °, 35 °, 38 °, and the like, if the temperature of the battery 1 exceeds the maximum design temperature, the service life, the performance and the like of the battery can be affected, and if the temperature of the battery 1 continues to rise, thermal runaway is easily caused, and potential safety hazards exist. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the excessive heat (Q)battery-Qlimit) To avoid the temperature of the battery 1 from exceeding the maximum design temperature during operation. Wherein Q isbatteryIs the total heat generation quantity, Q, of the battery 1limitThe amount of heat required for the battery 1 to rise from the initial temperature to the maximum design temperature. Since the heat absorption capacity of the insulating liquid 5 is determined by its mass, the heat quantity Q to be absorbed for completely vaporizing the insulating liquid 5 of a predetermined mass is injected into the housing 2fluid＝Cfluid·mfluid·(Tfluid-boiling-T0),mfluidIs the mass of the insulating liquid 5, CfluidSpecific heat capacity, T, of insulating liquid 5fluid-boilingIs the boiling point of the insulating liquid 5, T0At normal temperature, if the material of the insulating liquid 5 is determined, Cfluid·(Tfluid-boiling-T0) In known amounts. Predetermined mass of insulating liquid 5
And QfluidIs prepared from (Q)battery-Qlimit) To determine the amount of heat (Q) that the battery needs to dissipate in severe casesbattery-Qlimit) Equal to the heat required for the complete vaporization and evaporation of the insulating liquid of a preset mass. Therefore, Q is ideallyfluid＝Qbattery-Qlimit，QlimitCalculated according to the formula: qlimit＝Cbattery·Mbattery·(Ttmax-T0),CbatteryIs the specific heat capacity of the battery 1, MbatteryIs the mass of the battery 1, TtmaxIs the maximum design temperature. That is, ultimately can be represented by the formula:
the preset mass of the insulating liquid 5 is calculated.
However, in order to avoid the insufficient mass of the insulating liquid 5 due to the weighing error of the injected insulating liquid 5 or the insufficient mass of the insulating liquid 5 due to the loss of the insulating liquid 5 in the evaporation and vaporization and condensation processes, the effective dispersion cannot be performedAnd (4) heating. The preset mass of the insulating liquid 5 injected into the housing 2 is further defined as:
wherein A is a predetermined constant, and A ≧ 1.
While avoiding the total heat generation Q of the batterybatteryInfluenced by the volume of the casing 2, by further defining: qbattery≤Qmax，QmaxThe heat required for the complete evaporation of the insulating liquid, Q, when the casing 2 of the battery 1 is filled with the insulating liquid 5max＝Cfluid·mfluid-boiling·(Tfluid-boiling-T0)，mfluid-boilingThe case 2 of the battery 1 is filled with the mass of the insulating liquid 5. Like this, ensure that the design of casing 2 satisfies the requirement, prevent to pack into casing 2 with electric core subassembly 3 after, electric core subassembly 3 occupies 2 inside a large amount of spaces of casing after, even appear being full of insulating liquid 5 in the casing 2, also can't satisfy the condition of battery 1 heat dissipation demand.
In order to reduce the amount of the insulating liquid 5 used while ensuring effective heat dissipation of the battery, the value of a is further defined as: 1.3> A.gtoreq.1.
Optionally, the cell assemblies 3 are provided with a plurality of cell assemblies 3, two adjacent cell assemblies 3 are electrically connected through a connecting structure (not shown in the figure), so that the electrical connection of the adjacent cell assemblies 3 is realized, a partition plate 4 is provided between the two adjacent cell assemblies 3, the partition plate 4 is used for partitioning and fixing the cell assemblies 3, so that the cell assemblies 3 are not in contact with each other and are kept immovable relative to the housing 2, and a gap is formed between the partition plate 4 and the housing 2, and the insulating liquid 5 can flow in the housing 2, so that the cell assemblies 3 are soaked in the insulating liquid 5.
Specifically, there is the space between the lateral wall of baffle 4 and shell 22, and bottom and the bottom surface fixed connection of shell 22 of baffle 4 are guaranteeing the fixed effect to electric core subassembly 3, avoid electric core subassembly 3 to appear rocking in holding chamber 10, and can not influence the circulation of insulating liquid 5.
In particular, the connection structure may be a connection copper bar.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the housing 2 includes a shell 22 having an opening 221 and a cover plate 21 covering the opening 221, after a plurality of electric core assemblies 3 are loaded into the shell 22 through the opening 221, a containing cavity 10 for storing insulating liquid 5 is formed between the shell 22 and the electric core assemblies 3, and the insulating liquid 5 can flow in the containing cavity 10, so that each electric core assembly 3 is soaked in the insulating liquid 5, and the heat dissipation effect on each electric core assembly 3 is ensured.
In particular, the spacer 4 may be an insulating thermal board, preventing heat transfer through the spacer 4, ensuring that adjacent core assemblies 3 are independent of each other.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cover plate 21 may be provided with a liquid injection hole 5, and after the insulating liquid 5 is injected into the accommodating chamber 10 through the liquid injection hole 5, the liquid injection hole 5 is sealed to prevent the insulating liquid 5 from leaking. For example, sealing may be performed by welding or using a rubber plug.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the liquid injection hole 5 may be located above the liquid level of the insulating liquid 5 in the accommodating chamber 10, that is, the liquid injection hole 5 is higher than the liquid level of the insulating liquid 5 in the accommodating chamber 10, so as to facilitate the injection of the insulating liquid 5 into the accommodating chamber 10. In practical application, the liquid injection hole 5 can be located at other positions of the shell 2, and only the liquid injection hole 5 needs to be ensured to be higher than the liquid level of the insulating liquid 5 in the accommodating cavity 10.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the battery 1 further includes a first pole post 11 and a second pole post 12, the first pole post 11 is disposed on the cover plate 21, the second pole post 12 is disposed on a side surface of the housing 22 opposite to the cover plate 21, the polarities of the first pole post 11 and the second pole post 12 are different, for example, the first pole post 11 is a positive pole post, and the second pole post 12 is a negative pole post. In practical applications, the first pole post 11 and the second pole post 12 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the cover plate 21.
Optionally, a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) may be disposed in the accommodating chamber 10, a large amount of gas is generated due to evaporation and vaporization of the insulating liquid 5, so as to raise the pressure in the accommodating chamber 10, the pressure sensor may be used as a warning for thermal runaway of the battery 1, and the housing 2 may be provided with an explosion-proof structure 13 for releasing pressure, so as to prevent the pressure in the accommodating chamber 10 from being too high.
In this embodiment, the explosion-proof structure 13 is disposed on the cover plate 21, and the explosion-proof structure 13 is an explosion-proof valve.
Alternatively, the insulating liquid 5 may be a substance having a boiling point of 25 ℃ to 50 ℃ and no corrosiveness, and the electric core assembly 3 immersed in the insulating liquid 5, such as a fluorinated liquid, is not corroded while ensuring the heat dissipation effect. In practical application, other non-toxic and environment-friendly substances can be selected as the insulating liquid.
The invention further provides a battery pack, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, which includes a tray 100, a high voltage distribution box 101, a battery module 102 and a sealing cover 103, wherein the battery module 102 is installed in the tray 100, for example, the bottom surface of the battery module 102 is fixedly connected to the tray 100 through a structural adhesive, or the battery module 102 can be fixed to the tray 100 by screws, the high voltage distribution box 101 is electrically connected with the battery module 102, an output port of the high voltage distribution box 101 protrudes out of the tray 100, the sealing cover 103 is sealed at the top of the battery module 102 and fixed to the tray 100 through a locking member to ensure the stability of installation of the battery module 102, the sealing cover 103 is provided with a heat dissipation structure, the battery module 102 includes a plurality of batteries 1, the amount of insulating liquid 5 in the battery pack is reduced, and the production cost is effectively reduced. In the battery pack, the insulating liquid 5 in the battery 1 is combined with the heat dissipation structure at the top of the battery module 102, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the use safety of the battery pack is improved. The battery package during operation, each battery 1 temperature that generates heat risees, according to thermodynamics second law, the heat is passed to low temperature insulating liquid 5 by electric core subassembly 3, 5 temperature of insulating liquid rise gradually, when 5 temperatures of insulating liquid are higher than its boiling points, 5 a large amount of evaporation vaporization of insulating liquid form gas, gas upwards flows to the top of casing 2 in the effect of buoyancy lift, the heat transfer that gas carried is for sealed lid 103 outside heat dissipation, then gaseous condensation becomes insulating liquid 5, fall back casing 2 bottom under the action of gravity, absorb the heat evaporation again, form a circulation. Because sealed lid 103 department is provided with heat radiation structure for the heat dissipation for there is a great heat transfer difference in the vertical direction, and when the heat transfer capacity is big more, the difference in temperature is big more, and the gas that insulating liquid 5 evaporation formed accelerates in vertical direction's flow velocity, and then accelerates the radiating efficiency, makes the battery module 102 difference in temperature less, has promoted temperature homogeneity under the operating condition.
Optionally, the battery module 102 is obtained by arranging a plurality of batteries 1 along a set direction, where the set direction may specifically refer to a length direction or a width direction of the tray 100, and under the same charging and discharging condition, the heat dissipation capacities of the batteries 1 at different positions are different, for example, the battery 1 near the frame of the tray has a stronger heat dissipation capacity, and the battery 1 at the middle position has a poorer heat dissipation capacity, that is, two adjacent batteries 1 may be interfered by each other due to heat, so that the battery 1 at the middle portion of the tray 100 has a poorer heat dissipation capacity. Therefore, in the battery module 102, the height of the liquid surface of the insulating liquid 5 in the battery 1 near the frame of the tray 100 in the set direction is lower than the height of the liquid surface of the insulating liquid 5 in the battery 1 near the center of the tray 11, that is, the mass of the insulating liquid 5 in the battery 1 increases as the distance from the center of the tray 11 increases. Thus, the liquid level H1 of the batteries 1 at different positions is different along the set direction, specifically, the liquid level of the insulating liquid 5 in the batteries 1 at the positions farther from the frame of the tray 100 in the battery module 102 is higher, and the temperature difference of the battery pack can be further reduced and the uniformity of the temperature of the battery pack can be improved by the differential design.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the casing 2 of each battery 1 may be covered with an insulating film 7, and the insulating film 7 is provided to ensure that the batteries 1 are independent from each other and do not interfere with each other.
Specifically, the insulating film 7 may be made of polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, or the like. Further, in order to protect the battery 1 and prevent the case 2 of the battery 1 from being damaged by external force, the insulating film 7 may have a multi-layer composite film structure in which, for example, an inner layer is an insulating layer, an intermediate layer is a waterproof layer, and an outer layer is a protective layer. The inner layer comprises a plastic material, for example the inner layer may be made using a material that is less reactive with the electrolyte within the barrier film and has insulating properties, for example polyethylene. The intermediate layer comprises a metal material capable of preventing the permeation of water vapor from the outside of the battery 1, and preferably an aluminum foil, a stainless steel foil, a copper foil, or the like is used, and in view of formability, light weight, and cost, an aluminum foil is preferably used as the material of the aluminum foil, and a pure aluminum-based or aluminum-iron-based alloy material is preferably used; the outer layer is a protective layer, and is made of high-melting-point lifting or nylon materials, so that the battery has strong mechanical performance, prevents external force from damaging the battery 1, and plays a role in protecting the battery 1.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat dissipation structure may be a liquid cooled plate 104 or/and a fin structure. Specifically, the specific type of the heat dissipation structure may be selected according to actual conditions, for example, for a battery pack without a high heating condition, the heat dissipation structure may be a fin structure formed on the surface of the sealing cover 103, and the heat absorbed by the insulating liquid 5 by evaporation is dissipated by air cooling (natural cooling or forced air cooling), so that the heat dissipation effect is ensured, and the heat dissipation cost is reduced; for a battery pack with high heating working condition, the heat dissipation structure can be a liquid cooling plate 104 integrated on the sealing cover 103, and the heat generated by the battery 1 and the heat absorbed by the evaporation of the insulating liquid 5 are released through the liquid cooling plate 104; for the battery pack with ultrahigh heating working condition, the heat dissipation structure comprises a liquid cooling plate 104 integrated on the sealing cover 103 and a fin structure formed on the surface of the sealing cover 103.
Further, in the battery pack of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure is the liquid cooling plate 104 integrated in the sealing cover 103, so that the battery pack has two modes of passive heat exchange and active heat exchange, and when the battery pack is in a low-heat-generation working condition, the battery pack is dissipated by passive heat exchange, that is, the temperature of the battery 1 is controlled and the temperature difference is reduced by the temperature rise and evaporation of the insulating liquid 5, specifically: the electric core subassembly 3 of battery 1 generates heat, the heat of production is absorbed by insulating liquid 5, battery 1 temperature reduces, along with insulating liquid 5 temperature risees gradually, when insulating liquid 5's temperature is higher than its boiling point, insulating liquid 5 then can evaporate and form gas, and flow upwards under the effect of buoyancy, gas that insulating liquid 5 evaporation formed is with heat transfer for liquid cold drawing 104 behind the gaseous arrival casing 2 top, then the exothermic condensation of gas that insulating liquid 5 evaporation formed, change back insulating liquid 5 and fall back to casing 2 bottom under the action of gravity, the evaporation of absorbing heat again, form a circulation. When the operating mode that generates heat is high, through liquid cold plate 104 initiative heat dissipation, there is the coolant liquid to flow in the liquid cold plate 104 for the heat dissipation specifically is: a part of the heat generated by the battery 1 is directly transferred to the liquid-cooled plate 104 by itself, and another part of the heat is absorbed by the insulating liquid 5 and transferred to the liquid-cooled plate 104 by the phase change of the insulating liquid 5. The battery pack can select different thermal management strategies according to different heating working conditions of the battery pack, namely, whether the liquid cooling plate 104 needs to work is determined, and energy consumption is effectively reduced.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, a sealing structure 105 may be provided between the sealing cover 103 and the tray 100, and the sealing cover 103 is fixedly coupled to the tray 100 by bolts or screws. The sealing structure 105 may be a sealing cushion.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the sealing cover 103 may be covered with an insulation material 106, and by providing the insulation material 106, such as insulation foam, heat exchange between the liquid-cooling plate 104 and the environment may be prevented, so as to reduce the heat dissipation capability of the liquid-cooling plate 104 to the battery module 102.
Optionally, a heat conducting material (not shown in the figure) is disposed between the sealing cover 103 and the top of the battery module 102, for example, a heat conducting structural adhesive is used to connect and fix the sealing cover 103 to the top of the battery module 102, and meanwhile, the heat conducting structural adhesive is also beneficial to heat transfer, so as to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency.
According to the battery 1 and the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention, the insulating liquid 5 with preset quality is injected into the shell 2 of the battery 1, the liquid level height H1 of the insulating liquid 5 in the shell 2 is lower than the height H2 of the electric core assembly 3, the preset quality of the insulating liquid 5 is further limited, and the preset quality of the insulating liquid 5 and the difference value between the total heat productivity of the battery 1 and the heat required by the battery 1 to rise from the initial temperature to the highest design temperature form a preset ratio, so that the consumption of the insulating liquid 5 is effectively reduced on the basis of ensuring effective heat dissipation of the battery 1, the cost of the insulating liquid 5 is reduced, and the temperature difference of the battery 1 is reduced by utilizing the phase-change heat exchange of the insulating liquid 5; make battery package with above-mentioned battery 1 after, top through at battery 1 subassembly sets up heat radiation structure, utilize heat radiation structure to accelerate the heat dissipation, and simultaneously, the partial heat dissipation of battery module 102 and sealed lid 103 contact is very fast, the temperature is low, can have a great heat transfer difference in the vertical direction, its heat transfer capacity is big more, then the difference in temperature is big more, the speed that rises after the vaporization of insulating liquid 5 flows is fast more, and then accelerate the radiating efficiency, make battery module 102 difference in temperature less, ensure temperature uniformity under the battery package operating condition, guarantee the life-span of battery package, performance and use safety etc..
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a battery, includes the casing and locates electric core subassembly in the casing, its characterized in that, the injection has the insulating liquid of predetermineeing the quality in the casing, predetermine the quality the insulating liquid is in liquid level height in the casing is less than electric core subassembly's height, insulating liquid predetermine the quality with the total calorific capacity of battery with the battery rises to the required thermal difference of highest design temperature from initial temperature and becomes the predetermined ratio.
2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the predetermined mass of the insulating fluid is in accordance with the formula:
is determined, wherein A is a predetermined constant, and A ≧ 1, CfluidIs the specific heat capacity, T, of the insulating liquidfluid-boilingIs the boiling point of the insulating liquid, T0At normal temperature, QbatteryIs the total heat generation of the battery, QlimitThe amount of heat required to raise the cell from an initial temperature to a maximum design temperature.
3. A battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein in said formula:
wherein, 1.3 is more than A and is more than or equal to 1.
4. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the electric core assemblies are provided, two adjacent electric core assemblies are electrically connected through a connecting structure, a partition plate is provided between two adjacent electric core assemblies, the partition plate is used for separating and fixing the electric core assemblies, and a gap is provided between the partition plate and the housing.
5. A battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the case includes a housing having an opening through which the electric core assembly is fitted into the housing, and a cover plate covering the opening, and a receiving chamber for storing the insulating liquid is formed between the housing and the electric core assembly.
6. The battery according to claim 5, wherein the lid plate is provided with a liquid injection hole for injecting the insulating liquid into the containing chamber.
7. The battery according to claim 6, wherein said liquid injection hole is located above the surface of said insulating liquid in said accommodating chamber.
8. The battery of claim 5, wherein a pressure sensor is disposed in the receiving cavity and the housing is provided with an explosion-proof structure.
9. A battery pack, comprising a tray, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery module and a sealing cover, wherein the battery module is arranged in the tray, the high-voltage distribution box is electrically connected with the battery module, and the sealing cover is sealed and covered at the top of the battery module and fixed on the tray through a locking piece, and is characterized in that the sealing cover is provided with a heat dissipation structure, and the battery module comprises a plurality of batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein in the battery module, a plurality of the batteries are arranged in a predetermined direction, and a level of the battery inner insulating liquid near the tray frame is lower than a level of the battery inner insulating liquid near the center of the tray in the predetermined direction.
11. A battery pack according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the heat dissipating structure is a liquid-cooled plate or/and a fin structure.
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| CN202010978904.7A CN114284594B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Battery and battery pack |
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| CN202010978904.7A CN114284594B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Battery and battery pack |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116031032A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-28 | 湖南福德电气有限公司 | Compact liquid cooling resistor |
| WO2024036750A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Battery module and power battery |
| CN118501743A (en) * | 2024-07-17 | 2024-08-16 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | Lithium battery system thermal runaway propagation judging method and evaluation method and device thereof |
| WO2025067104A1 (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2025-04-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Tray assembly, battery pack, electric device, and vehicle |
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| KR20130109645A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-08 | 주식회사 지앤씨 | Heat radiate module for electronic parts and heat rapiate insulation liquid used the same |
| US20170162923A1 (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-06-08 | Microvast Power Systems Co.,Ltd. | Liquid-cooled battery pack system |
| CN109546203A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Sealing immersion cell packet, cooling system based on fluorination liquid and preparation method thereof |
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| KR20130109645A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-08 | 주식회사 지앤씨 | Heat radiate module for electronic parts and heat rapiate insulation liquid used the same |
| US20170162923A1 (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-06-08 | Microvast Power Systems Co.,Ltd. | Liquid-cooled battery pack system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024036750A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Battery module and power battery |
| CN116031032A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-28 | 湖南福德电气有限公司 | Compact liquid cooling resistor |
| WO2025067104A1 (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2025-04-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Tray assembly, battery pack, electric device, and vehicle |
| CN118501743A (en) * | 2024-07-17 | 2024-08-16 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | Lithium battery system thermal runaway propagation judging method and evaluation method and device thereof |
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| CN114284594B (en) | 2025-01-14 |
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