CN114279348A - Ice layer thickness measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ice layer thickness measurement device, which includes: a transmitting device, a receiving device and a data analysis and detection system. The transmitting device is used to emit laser light to the ice layer to be measured, and the laser light is transmitted to the ice layer to be measured through a first medium and then transmitted The part penetrates the ice layer to be measured and transmits it to the second medium; the receiving device is used to receive the first signal reflected by the laser through the interface between the first medium and the ice layer to be measured, and the interface between the ice layer to be measured and the second medium. The reflected second signal; the data analysis and detection system is used for calculating the received first signal and the second signal to obtain the thickness of the ice layer. The ice layer thickness measuring device of the present invention emits laser light and receives laser echo signals actively. Since different media have different reflection and refraction efficiencies of laser light, according to the received laser echo signals, the water-ice and ice-air interface will meet the There is a large mutation, and the acquisition and data analysis of the mutation waveform can obtain the distance from the submersible to the bottom of the ice and the thickness of the ice layer.

Description

Measuring device for ice thickness

technical field

The invention relates to the field of laser technology, in particular to a device for measuring the thickness of an ice layer.

Background technique

As the global temperature rises, the polar ice layer melts, and the ice-free period on the water surface is prolonged. It is expected that the polar waterway will be opened, and the value of the polar region in the fields of economy, scientific research, and energy development is increasing. At the same time, the northern basin of my country often suffers from ice disasters in winter, which brings great difficulties to transportation and underwater exploration; the sea ice in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in winter also seriously affects the development of marine navigation and underwater exploration activities. Therefore, the ice thickness detection technology has broad application prospects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to measure the ice layer, and the present invention provides a device for measuring the thickness of the ice layer.

An apparatus for measuring ice layer thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a transmitting device for emitting laser light to the ice layer to be measured, the laser light is transmitted to the ice layer to be measured through the first medium and partially penetrates the ice layer to be measured and transmitted to the second medium;

A receiving device, configured to receive the first signal of the laser reflected by the interface between the first medium and the ice layer to be measured, and the laser signal reflected by the interface between the ice layer to be measured and the second medium the second signal;

A data analysis and detection system is used for calculating the received first signal and the second signal to obtain the thickness of the ice layer.

The ice layer thickness measuring device of the present invention actively emits laser light and receives the laser echo signal. According to the principle of geometric optics, different media have different densities, and the reflection and refraction efficiencies of the laser are also different. According to the received laser echo signal, There will be a big sudden change at the water-ice and ice-air interfaces. This waveform is collected by high-speed sampling, and then data analysis is performed to easily obtain the distance from the submersible to the bottom of the ice and the thickness of the ice layer.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first medium is water, the second medium is air, and the measuring device is provided under the ice layer to be measured.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the emitting device is a laser, including a emitting collimating lens and a laser light source;

The receiving device is a laser detection receiver, including: an optical imaging lens, a visible light detector, a signal processing component, a communication interface, a control sensor and a power supply.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the communication interface includes at least one of the following interfaces: an Ethernet interface, a WIFI wireless interface, a CameraLink interface, and an optical fiber transmission interface.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the control sensor is configured to collect and analyze at least one parameter of air pressure, temperature, humidity and temperature of the environment where the measurement device is located.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first medium is air, the second medium is water, and the measuring device is arranged above the ice layer to be measured.

In some embodiments of the invention, the measuring device is provided with a handle portion for holding.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the measuring device is provided with a fitting portion for mounting on a carrier device.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the carrying device is a submersible, and the measuring device is mounted on the top of the submersible through the assembling portion.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the measuring devices are distributed at intervals, and the data analysis and detection system calculates and obtains the distance between the ice layers and the The distance of the ice layer from the measuring device.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring ice thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ice layer thickness measuring device installed on a carrying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a working flow chart of each module of an ice layer thickness measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

measuring device 100,

The transmitting device 10, the transmitting collimating lens 110, the laser light source 120,

The receiving device 20, the optical imaging lens 210, the visible light detector 220, the signal processing component 230, the power supply 240,

Carrying device 400 .

Detailed ways

In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

The description of the method flow in the specification of the present invention and the steps of the flowchart in the accompanying drawings of the present invention are not necessarily strictly executed according to the step numbers, and the execution order of the method steps can be changed. Also, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and/or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps.

At present, there are many methods of ice thickness measurement, but most of them need to be detected above the ice layer. Commonly used ice thickness measurement techniques include borehole measurement, radar measurement, sonar measurement, conductometric measurement, and remote sensing measurement. law, etc. Most of these methods are used for measurement on ice surface, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and the measurement accuracy is not high.

At present, there is a lack of an underwater ice measurement method with high precision, small size and high timeliness.

At present, the detection method suitable for underwater ice thickness measurement needs to carry a lot of equipment to operate, and the operation is complicated and the detection accuracy is low, which cannot meet the working requirements of carriers such as submersibles.

Aiming at the problem of lack of underwater ice thickness detection means, the present invention proposes a device that can be used for both underwater and above-water ice thickness detection. For submarines or other carriers, the method uses laser technology and spectral detection technology to detect key information such as the thickness of the target ice layer through the principle of light refraction and reflection. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, low cost, high precision and high application value.

As shown in FIGS. 1-3 , an ice layer thickness measurement device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a transmitting device 10 , a receiving device 20 and a data analysis and detection system.

The transmitting device 10 is used for emitting laser light to the ice layer to be measured, and the laser light is transmitted to the ice layer to be measured through the first medium and partially penetrates the ice layer to be measured and transmitted to the second medium.

The receiving device 20 is configured to receive the first signal reflected by the laser light from the interface between the first medium and the ice layer to be measured, and the second signal reflected from the interface between the ice layer to be measured and the second medium.

The data analysis and detection system is used for calculating the received first signal and the second signal to obtain the thickness of the ice layer.

The ice layer thickness measuring device 100 of the present invention emits laser light and receives laser echo signals actively. According to the principle of geometric optics, different media have different densities, and the reflection and refraction efficiencies of laser light are also different. According to the received laser echo signals , there will be a large sudden change at the water-ice, ice-air interface. This waveform is collected by high-speed sampling, and then data analysis is performed to easily obtain the distance from the submersible to the bottom of the ice and the thickness of the ice layer.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first medium is water, the second medium is air, and the measuring device 100 is disposed under the ice layer to be measured. That is to say, the measuring device 100 can be installed in the water under the ice layer, and the measuring device 100 has good waterproof performance, and has the ability to work normally under underwater conditions, and can ensure the normal operation under water.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the transmitting device 10 is a laser, including: a transmitting collimating lens 110 and a laser light source 120 . The emission collimating lens 110 can be used for laser shaping, so that the emitted laser can meet the usage conditions. It can be understood that the present invention is not limited to using the emission collimating lens 110 for laser shaping, and any form of shaping optical system can be used normally in the measuring device 100 .

The receiving device 20 is a laser detection receiver, including: an optical imaging lens 210 , a visible light detector 220 , a signal processing component 230 , a communication interface, a control sensor and a power supply 240 . The optical imaging lens 210 can be equipped with filters, and the optical imaging system can adopt any other passive acquisition methods of wavebands that do not require an active light source, including but not limited to filter switching, beam splitters, and micro-nano optical imaging methods. The power supply 240 is used to power the measurement device 100 .

The laser may be a green laser for emitting laser light. Of course, the lasers in the present invention can also use lasers in other wavelength bands. The laser detection receiver is used to receive reflected laser light, and the signal processing component 230 and the communication interface are integrated to package the image and data into an Ethernet or USB interface and output to the back-end data analysis and detection system.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the communication interface includes at least one of the following interfaces: an Ethernet interface, a WIFI wireless interface, a CameraLink interface, and an optical fiber transmission interface.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the control sensor is used to detect various states of the measurement device 100, including collecting, analyzing and calibrating at least one parameter of the air pressure, temperature, humidity, and temperature of the measurement device 100 and its environment. .

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first medium is air, the second medium is water, and the measuring device 100 is disposed above the ice layer to be measured.

The measuring device 100 can be installed on a large-scale device for use, or can be used alone as a hand-held device.

In some embodiments of the invention, the measurement device 100 is provided with a handle portion for holding. This facilitates the user's hand-held operation.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the measuring device 100 is provided with a fitting portion for mounting on a carrier device. Thereby, the measuring device 100 can be mounted on the carrier device through the mounting portion.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the carrying device 400 is a submersible, and the measuring device 100 is mounted on the top of the submersible through the assembling part.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are a plurality of measuring devices 100 distributed at intervals, and the data analysis and detection system calculates and obtains the distance between ice layers and measures the distance between ice layers based on the reflected signals of the laser light emitted by the measuring devices 100 at different positions. The distance of the device 100 .

It should be noted that the measurement device 100 uses the laser transmission characteristics and the photosensitive characteristics of the detector to measure the thickness of the ice layer. Moreover, by arranging multiple measurement devices 100 in different positions, the distance measurement between underwater ice layers, underwater Ice thickness measurement, ice distribution measurement and other functions. In addition, the measuring device 100 of the present invention can also be used to measure parameters such as the distance to the rock mass and the distance to the fish.

The ice layer thickness measuring device 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following description is only an exemplary description, and should not be construed as a specific limitation to the present invention.

Compared with other detection devices, the design of the present invention is compact, practical and easy to maintain. The invention applies the underwater laser transmission principle and the geometrical optics related principle, and adopts the corresponding data processing and analysis to realize the high-precision underwater ice thickness detection under the normal working state of the carrier such as the submersible.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention includes a green laser, a laser detection receiver and a back-end data analysis and display system.

The green laser includes an emission collimation lens 110 and a laser light source 120 . The laser detection receiver includes an optical imaging lens 210 , a visible light detector 220 , a signal processing component 230 , a communication interface, a control sensor and a power supply 240 , etc., as shown in FIG. 1 .

The ice layer thickness measuring device 100 of the present invention emits laser light and receives laser echo signals actively. According to the principle of geometric optics, different media have different densities, and the reflection and refraction efficiencies of laser light are also different. According to the received laser echo signals , there will be a large sudden change at the water-ice, ice-air interface. This waveform is collected by high-speed sampling, and then data analysis is performed to easily obtain the distance from the submersible to the bottom of the ice and the thickness of the ice layer. The ice layer distance and thickness information can also be calculated according to the simple geometric principle based on the relative position information of the light returned from the visible light detector 220 at different positions by using the principle of refraction. During the operation of the submersible, in order to ensure the safety of the submersible, the measuring device 100 can be installed on the top of the submersible, as shown in FIG.

During operation, the measuring device 100 actively emits laser light, and the laser light is reflected by the ice layer during underwater transmission to form reflected light, which will return in real time and be detected by the laser detection receiver. According to the use environment, the present invention adopts a detector whose working band is in the visible light band. Due to the sudden change of reflectivity of water-ice and ice-air boundary, the visible light detector 220 will receive obvious pulse signals. Combined with the fact that the laser is underwater and the transmission rate in the ice is different, the signal processing component 230 processes the collected laser echo signals and transmits them through a unified data interface. The specific workflow is shown in FIG. 3 .

The present invention provides a new measuring device 100 and a measuring method for underwater ice detection. Compared with other measuring devices and methods, the measuring device 100 has a small volume and weight, realizes a lightweight design, is low in cost, and is easy to implement. It can ensure the smooth development of underwater exploration activities.

Due to the transmission characteristics of the laser, the measurement device 100 can realize high-speed and high-precision measurement, which significantly improves the measurement accuracy in the field of ice thickness measurement.

In addition to underwater detection, the measurement device 100 can also be applied to ice thickness measurement on ice, with a wide range of applications and various usage modes.

In the selection of the data interface, the commonly used interfaces such as Ethernet port and USB3.0 are used. The measuring device 100 itself is easy to install, simple in structure, reliable in performance and easy to maintain.

To sum up, the present invention provides a new measurement device 100 and a measurement method for the field of ice thickness measurement, especially in the field of underwater measurement, which greatly improves measurement efficiency and accuracy, and has broad application prospects.

Through the description of the specific embodiments, it should be possible to have a more in-depth and specific understanding of the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose. However, the accompanying drawings are only for reference and description, not for the present invention. limit.

Claims (10)

1. a measuring device of ice layer thickness, is characterized in that, comprises: a transmitting device for emitting laser light to the ice layer to be measured, the laser light is transmitted to the ice layer to be measured through the first medium and partially penetrates the ice layer to be measured and transmitted to the second medium; A receiving device, configured to receive the first signal of the laser reflected by the interface between the first medium and the ice layer to be measured, and the laser signal reflected by the interface between the ice layer to be measured and the second medium the second signal; A data analysis and detection system is used for calculating the received first signal and the second signal to obtain the thickness of the ice layer. 2 . The measuring device for ice layer thickness according to claim 1 , wherein the first medium is water, the second medium is air, and the measuring device is arranged below the ice layer to be measured. 3 . 3. The measuring device of ice layer thickness according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting device is a laser, comprising: a transmitting collimating lens and a laser light source; The receiving device is a laser detection receiver, including: an optical imaging lens, a visible light detector, a signal processing component, a communication interface, a control sensor and a power supply. 4 . The measuring device for ice layer thickness according to claim 3 , wherein the communication interface comprises at least one of the following interfaces: an Ethernet interface, a WIFI wireless interface, a CameraLink interface and an optical fiber transmission interface. 5 . 5 . The ice layer thickness measurement device according to claim 3 , wherein the control sensor is used to collect and analyze at least one parameter of air pressure, temperature, humidity and temperature of the environment where the measurement device is located. 6 . . 6 . The measuring device for ice layer thickness according to claim 1 , wherein the first medium is air, the second medium is water, and the measuring device is arranged above the ice layer to be measured. 7 . 7 . The ice layer thickness measurement device according to claim 6 , wherein the measurement device is provided with a handle portion for holding. 8 . 8 . The measuring device for ice layer thickness according to claim 1 , wherein the measuring device is provided with a fitting portion for being mounted on a carrying device. 9 . 9 . The ice thickness measurement device according to claim 8 , wherein the carrying device is a submersible, and the measurement device is mounted on the top of the submersible through the assembling part. 10 . 10. The measuring device for ice layer thickness according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, the measuring devices are multiple at intervals, and the data analysis and detection system is based on the data at multiple different locations. The reflected signal of the laser light emitted by the measuring device is used to calculate the distance between the ice layers and the distance between the ice layer and the measuring device.

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