CN114272959A - Preparation method of chelate resin for hydrometallurgy - Google Patents
Preparation method of chelate resin for hydrometallurgy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of chelate resin for hydrometallurgy, which comprises the following steps: preparing polymer microspheres, and adding an aminating agent into the microspheres to obtain aminated microspheres; introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, and catalyzing to obtain the dimercapto chelate resin. The invention realizes the novel dimercapto chelate resin with high adsorption capacity to noble metals from acidic solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of chelate resin for hydrometallurgy.
Background
The prior thiourea chelating resin, isothiourea chelating resin and sulfydryl chelating resin can be used in acid solution to extract noble metals such as platinum, palladium, gold and the like, but the metal adsorption amount is not high. The prior patent No. CN202110303813.8 discloses a preparation method of macroporous weak base anion exchange resin special for gold extraction, which prepares a crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene microsphere matrix by a suspension polymerization technology; then carrying out chloromethylation reaction on the microsphere matrix under the action of a metal catalyst to prepare chloromethylated crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene; further carrying out amination reaction on chloromethyl crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene under the action of an aminolysis reagent to obtain the macroporous weak base anion exchange resin special for extracting gold. In the application of the existing weak base anion exchange resin in the gold extraction process, the regeneration condition of the resin is harsh, toxic gas is generated under the acidic condition, other metal elements such as zinc, nickel, copper, iron and the like can be attached in the adsorption process, and the adsorption capacity is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a novel dimercapto chelate resin having a high adsorption amount of a noble metal from an acidic solution, by using a chelate resin for hydrometallurgy. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the chelate resin for hydrometallurgy comprises the following steps:
the preparation of the polymer microspheres is carried out,
adding an amination agent into the polymer microspheres to act to obtain aminated microspheres;
introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding dimercapto succinic acid, a solvent and a catalyst, preserving heat, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the dimercapto chelate resin.
Specifically, the preparation of the polymer microsphere comprises the following steps:
100 parts of reaction monomer, 1-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-8 parts of initiator and 20-70 parts of pore-foaming agent are mixed to obtain an oil phase, 100 parts of deionized water, 1-20 parts of inorganic dispersant, 0.1-3 parts of organic dispersant and 3-20 parts of sodium chloride are mixed to obtain a water phase, and the water phase and the oil phase are subjected to suspension polymerization, stirring, heating distillation, pore-foaming agent removal, hot water washing for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain the polymer microsphere.
Specifically, the reaction monomer is one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate; the reaction monomer is styrene, and the method further comprises the following steps after the polymer microspheres are prepared: chloromethylating the polymer microsphere under the action of a metal catalyst to obtain a chloromethylated microsphere, and aminating the chloromethylated microsphere again.
Specifically, the crosslinking agent is one of divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and triallyl isocyanurate.
Specifically, the pore-foaming agent is one of toluene, n-heptane, isobutanol, butyl acetate and cyclohexane.
Specifically, the initiator comprises one of benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl 2-ethylhexanoate peroxide and azobisisovaleronitrile.
Specifically, the inorganic dispersant is one or more of magnesium sulfate, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, disodium phosphate and trisodium phosphate.
Specifically, the organic dispersing agent is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, sodium lignosulfonate, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
Specifically, chloromethylation is carried out on the polymer microspheres, 200 parts of chloromethyl ether is added, 10-50 parts of zinc chloride is added, 20-70 parts of sulfuric acid is dropwise added while stirring, heat preservation is carried out, and solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain the chloromethylated microspheres.
Specifically, 50-150 parts of amination agent is added into the polymer microspheres, and the mixture is stirred, kept warm and subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain aminated microspheres; introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 20-80 parts of dimercapto succinic acid, 100 parts of solvent and 300 parts of catalyst, preserving heat, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain dimercapto chelate resin; the amination agent is one of dimethylamine, tetraethylenepentamine, benzylamine, N' -dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine, diethylamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine; the solvent is one of dimethylformamide or dichloromethane; the catalyst is one of N, N '-carbonyldiimidazole or N, N' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the chelate resin for hydrometallurgy has the following beneficial effects:
the increase of the adsorption amount of the noble metal is influenced by the content of sulfydryl in the chelating resin and the synergistic action of amino. The invention adopts dimercapto as a chelating agent, generates synergistic action with amino and has strong chelating action on noble metal, and has enough space for accessing more amino and mercapto by adjusting the pore structure of the polymer microsphere, thereby improving the adsorption quantity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example 1:
1) preparing polymer microspheres, namely adding 100g of deionized water, 10g of magnesium sulfate, 10g of sodium carbonate, 1.5g of sodium lignosulfonate, 1.5g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 3g of sodium chloride into a 3L three-necked flask;
100g of styrene, 10g of divinylbenzene, 0.1g of benzoyl peroxide and 70g of isobutanol are again added. After the oil phase and the water phase are mixed, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adjusting the particle size at a mechanical stirring speed of 117 revolutions per minute; heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 82 ℃ and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 90 ℃ for distillation, removing the pore-forming agent, washing with hot water for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain polymer microspheres;
2) chloromethylating the polymer microspheres, putting the polymer microspheres in 200g of chloromethyl ether, adding 50g of anhydrous zinc chloride, dropwise adding 20g of sulfuric acid while stirring, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, finishing the heat preservation, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain chloromethylated microspheres;
3) and (3) performing amination on the chloromethylated microspheres, placing the chloromethylated microspheres in 120g of tetraethylenepentamine and 100g of ethanol, mechanically stirring, keeping the temperature at 48 ℃ for 12 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the aminated microspheres after the heat preservation is finished.
4) Introducing dimercapto chelate groups into aminated microspheres, adding 80g of dimercapto succinic acid, 100g of dimethylformamide and 0.5g of N, N' -Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) into the aminated microspheres, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 10 hours, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product, namely dimercapto chelate resin.
Example 2:
1) preparing polymer microspheres, namely adding 100g of deionized water, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of sodium carbonate, 0.05g of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.05g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 20g of sodium chloride into a 3L three-neck flask;
100g of styrene, 1g of divinylbenzene, 8g of benzoyl peroxide and 20g of isobutanol are again added. After the oil phase and the water phase are mixed, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adjusting the particle size at a mechanical stirring speed of 117 revolutions per minute; heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 82 ℃ and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 90 ℃ for distillation, removing the pore-forming agent, washing with hot water for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain polymer microspheres;
2) chloromethylating the polymer microspheres, putting the polymer microspheres in 200g of chloromethyl ether, adding 10g of anhydrous zinc chloride, dropwise adding 70g of sulfuric acid while stirring, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, finishing the heat preservation, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain chloromethylated microspheres;
3) and (3) performing amination on the chloromethylated microspheres, placing the chloromethylated microspheres in 50g of tetraethylenepentamine and 200g of ethanol, mechanically stirring, keeping the temperature at 48 ℃ for 12 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the aminated microspheres after the heat preservation is finished.
4) Introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 20g of dimercapto succinic acid, 300g of dimethylformamide and 20g of N, N' -Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) into the aminated microsphere, heating to 60 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, and after the heating is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product which is dimercapto chelate resin.
Example 3:
1) preparing polymer microspheres, namely adding 100g of deionized water, 5g of magnesium sulfate, 5g of sodium carbonate, 1g of sodium lignosulfonate, 1g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 10g of sodium chloride into a 3L three-neck flask;
100g of styrene, 5g of divinylbenzene, 4g of benzoyl peroxide and 45g of isobutanol are again added. After the oil phase and the water phase are mixed, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adjusting the particle size at a mechanical stirring speed of 117 revolutions per minute; heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 82 ℃ and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 90 ℃ for distillation, removing the pore-forming agent, washing with hot water for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain polymer microspheres;
2) chloromethylating the polymer microspheres, putting the polymer microspheres in 200g of chloromethyl ether, adding 30g of anhydrous zinc chloride, dropwise adding 45g of sulfuric acid while stirring, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, finishing the heat preservation, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain chloromethylated microspheres;
3) and (3) performing amination on the chloromethylated microspheres, placing the chloromethylated microspheres in 85g of tetraethylenepentamine and 150g of ethanol, mechanically stirring, keeping the temperature at 48 ℃ for 12 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the aminated microspheres after the heat preservation is finished.
4) Introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 50g of dimercapto succinic acid, 200g of dimethylformamide and 10g of N, N' -Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) into the aminated microsphere, heating to 60 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 hours, and after the heating is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product which is dimercapto chelate resin.
Example 4:
1) preparing polymer microspheres, namely adding 100g of deionized water, 5g of calcium chloride, 5g of disodium phosphate, 1g of polyvinyl alcohol, 1g of gelatin and 10g of sodium chloride into a 3L three-necked flask;
100g of methyl methacrylate, 5g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 4g of tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate and 45g of toluene were again added. After the oil phase and the water phase are mixed, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adjusting the particle size at a mechanical stirring speed of 117 revolutions per minute; heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 82 ℃ and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 90 ℃ for distillation, removing the pore-forming agent, washing with hot water for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain polymer microspheres;
2) and (3) amination is carried out on the polymer microspheres, chloromethylated microspheres are placed in 85g of dimethylamine and 150g of ethanol, mechanical stirring is carried out, the temperature is kept at 48 ℃ for 12 hours, and after the temperature is kept, solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain aminated microspheres. When the reaction monomers are not styrene systems, the chloromethylation step is omitted.
3) Introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 50g of dimercapto succinic acid, 200g of dichloromethane and 10g of N, N' -Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) into the aminated microsphere, heating to 60 ℃, preserving the temperature for 10 hours, and after the heating is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product which is dimercapto chelate resin.
Example 5:
1) preparing polymer microspheres, namely adding 100g of deionized water, 5g of calcium chloride, 5g of trisodium phosphate, 1g of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1g of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 10g of sodium chloride into a 3L three-necked flask;
100g of methyl methacrylate, 5g of triallyl isocyanurate, 4g of azobisisovaleronitrile and 45g of butyl acetate are added again. After the oil phase and the water phase are mixed, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adjusting the particle size at a mechanical stirring speed of 117 revolutions per minute; heating to 80 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 82 ℃ and preserving the heat for 4 hours; heating to 90 ℃ for distillation, removing the pore-forming agent, washing with hot water for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain polymer microspheres;
2) and (3) aminating the polymer microspheres, placing the microspheres in 150g of N, N' -dimethyl-1, 3-propane diamine, mechanically stirring, keeping the temperature at 160 ℃ for 12 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation after the heat preservation to obtain the aminated microspheres.
3) Introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 50g of dimercapto succinic acid, 200g of dichloromethane and 10g of N, N' -Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) into the aminated microsphere, heating to 60 ℃, preserving the temperature for 10 hours, and after the heating is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product which is dimercapto chelate resin.
Example 6:
the difference from the embodiment 4 is that the reaction monomer is methyl acrylate, the pore-forming agent is n-heptane, and the aminating agent is benzylamine.
Example 7:
the difference from the embodiment 4 is that the reaction monomer is glycidyl methacrylate, the pore-forming agent is cyclohexane, and the aminating agent is diethylamine.
Example 8:
the difference from example 4 is that the reactive monomer is ethyl acrylate and the aminating agent is diethylenetriamine.
Example 9:
the difference from example 4 is that the reactive monomer is butyl acrylate and the aminating agent is triethylene tetramine.
Example 10:
the difference from example 4 is that: the reaction monomer is hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Example 11:
the difference from example 4 is that: the reaction monomer is hydroxypropyl methacrylate.
And (3) measuring the adsorption performance of the dimercapto chelate resin: adding 1ml of resin and 25.00ml of 50ppm nitric acid solution containing mercury, gold, palladium or platinum into a 100ml conical flask with a plug, controlling the pH to be 1, controlling the temperature to be 25 ℃, oscillating for 20h, performing suction filtration, and measuring the ion concentration of the filtrate by adopting an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The adsorption capacity Q (mg/ml) of the resin was calculated according to the formula Q ═ (Co-Ce) V1/V2. In the formula, Co and Ce are ion concentrations in the solution before and after adsorption respectively; v1 is the volume of the solution, 25 ml; v2 is the volume of the resin, 1 ml.
Examples 1-11 and background comparative experimental data are shown in the following table, the comparative example being selected from the group consisting of New Jiangsu Jinhua material, commercially available under the trade designation BMTR resin:
according to comprehensive analysis of table test data, the embodiment 3 is the optimal performance effect, and the prepared novel dimercapto chelate resin is high exchange capacity resin and can adsorb noble metals from an acidic solution in a higher amount. The increase of the adsorption amount of the noble metal is influenced by the content of sulfydryl in the chelating resin and the synergistic action of amino. The invention adopts dimercapto as a chelating agent, and generates synergistic action with amino to have strong chelating action on noble metal; the preparation method comprises the steps of adjusting the pore structure of the styrene-divinyl microspheres by compounding an organic dispersant and an inorganic dispersant in the preparation of the polymer microspheres, adding an aminating agent and ethanol into the chloromethylated microspheres to enable the chloromethylated microspheres to have enough space to be connected with more amino groups, and introducing dimercapto chelating groups, a solvent and a catalyst into the aminated microspheres to be connected with more mercapto groups, so that the adsorption capacity of the dimercapto chelating resin is improved.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the chelate resin for hydrometallurgy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preparation of the polymer microspheres is carried out,
adding an amination agent into the polymer microspheres to act to obtain aminated microspheres;
introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding dimercapto succinic acid, a solvent and a catalyst, preserving heat, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the dimercapto chelate resin.
2. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: preparing polymeric microspheres comprising the steps of:
100 parts of reaction monomer, 1-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-8 parts of initiator and 20-70 parts of pore-foaming agent are mixed to obtain an oil phase, 100 parts of deionized water, 1-20 parts of inorganic dispersant, 0.1-3 parts of organic dispersant and 3-20 parts of sodium chloride are mixed to obtain a water phase, and the water phase and the oil phase are subjected to suspension polymerization, stirring, heating distillation, pore-foaming agent removal, hot water washing for multiple times, drying and screening to obtain the polymer microsphere.
3. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the reaction monomer is one of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate; the reaction monomer is styrene, and the method further comprises the following steps after the polymer microspheres are prepared: chloromethylating the polymer microsphere under the action of a metal catalyst to obtain a chloromethylated microsphere, and aminating the chloromethylated microsphere again.
4. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cross-linking agent is one of divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and triallyl isocyanurate.
5. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pore-foaming agent is one of toluene, n-heptane, isobutanol, butyl acetate and cyclohexane.
6. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the initiator comprises one of benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl 2-ethylhexanoate peroxide and azobisisovaleronitrile.
7. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inorganic dispersant is one or more of magnesium sulfate, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, disodium phosphate and trisodium phosphate.
8. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the organic dispersing agent is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, sodium lignosulfonate, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
9. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 3, characterized in that: chloromethylating the polymer microspheres, adding 200 parts of chloromethyl ether, adding 10-50 parts of zinc chloride, dropwise adding 20-70 parts of sulfuric acid while stirring, preserving heat, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the chloromethylated microspheres.
10. The method for preparing a chelating resin for hydrometallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that: adding 50-150 parts of aminating agent into the polymer microspheres, stirring, preserving heat, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain aminated microspheres; introducing a dimercapto chelate group into the aminated microsphere, adding 20-80 parts of dimercapto succinic acid, 100 parts of solvent and 300 parts of catalyst, preserving heat, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain dimercapto chelate resin; the amination agent is one of dimethylamine, tetraethylenepentamine, benzylamine, N' -dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine, diethylamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine; the solvent is one of dimethylformamide or dichloromethane; the catalyst is one of N, N '-carbonyldiimidazole or N, N' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
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| CN116284783B (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2024-05-03 | 华中科技大学 | Perovskite solar cell based on multifunctional copolymer/metal composite electrode and preparation method thereof |
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