CN114263664B - High-efficient coupling mechanism who compromises to bear and thermal-insulated demand - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of structural design, and discloses a connecting mechanism which has high efficiency and meets the requirements of bearing and heat insulation, and the connecting mechanism comprises a metal joint and a ceramic gasket; the metal connecting mechanism is composed of a left connecting structure and a right connecting structure, and the ceramic gasket is filled in a gap between the left connecting mechanism and the right connecting mechanism, so that the left connecting mechanism and the right connecting mechanism are not contacted with each other. The invention changes any force into pressure when transmitted by the connecting mechanism through the connection of the left connecting structure and the right connecting structure, and the ceramic gasket filled in the gap between the metal connecting structures has the characteristics of strong bearing capacity and good heat insulation effect, thereby realizing the purposes of bearing and heat insulation at the same time with high efficiency, and the invention has the characteristics of high efficiency and heat insulation and improvement of the bearing capacity of the structure, is convenient and easy to operate, has higher reliability of the combination of the metal connecting structure and the ceramic gasket, is easy to prepare, and has strong engineering practicability.

Description

A connecting mechanism that takes into account both load-bearing and thermal insulation requirements

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of structural design, and in particular relates to a connecting mechanism that efficiently takes into account both bearing requirements and thermal insulation requirements.

Background technique

The rapid development of aerospace technology, especially hypersonic aircraft, has put forward high demands on the bearing capacity and heat insulation capacity of the aircraft structure. best choice. Research shows that the design of load-bearing and heat-insulation integration composed of metal materials and heat-insulating materials can have the functions of load-bearing and heat insulation at the same time. Through reasonable arrangement of metal materials and thermal insulation materials, the bearing capacity and thermal insulation capacity of the structure are simultaneously improved.

At present, a variety of load-bearing and heat-insulating integrated configurations have been applied in practical engineering, and these configurations are generally composed of metal materials and heat-insulating materials. However, since the heat insulating material does not have load bearing capacity, the metal material for load bearing and the heat insulating material for thermal protection are often separated.

In the existing integrated configuration of load-bearing and thermal insulation, the corrugated sandwich panel structure in which the metal material and the thermal insulation material are separated is mostly adopted. For example, the document "Performance improvement of integrated thermal protection system using shaped-stabilized composite phase change material" The method of filling the gap of the metal sandwich panel with insulating asbestos is adopted. In practical applications, it is found that the structure obtained by the design method of separating the metal material and the thermal insulation material for thermal protection is very prone to thermal short circuit. Load, the metal material connects the external heat source and the internal structure, and the external load is transmitted to the internal structure through the metal parts, and compared with the thermal insulation material, the metal material has a high thermal conductivity, so that the heat is also easily transferred along the force transmission path. , Since the heat insulating material used has no bearing capacity, there is no heat insulating material on the force transmission path, which cannot prevent the heat from being transferred to the interior of the structure, resulting in a thermal short circuit phenomenon.

However, not all thermal insulation materials have no bearing capacity. Some thermal insulation materials have strong bearing capacity for a certain form of load. For example, ceramic materials have good thermal protection ability and also have strong bearing capacity. Pressure endurance. If a certain part of the metal part can be structurally designed, any form of load passing through the part can be turned into a pressure load, and then the gasket made of insulating ceramic material can be filled in the pressure zone to transmit the force. Insulation materials are arranged on the path, which can not only block the transfer of heat along the metal parts, but also improve the bearing capacity of the structure to a certain extent.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a connection mechanism that takes into account both load bearing and heat insulation requirements. By designing a certain part of the metal part into a structure that can convert any form of load into pressure and filling it in the pressure-bearing area The method of insulating ceramics with good heat insulation effect and strong pressure bearing capacity blocks the heat transfer path, thereby preventing the occurrence of thermal short circuit and achieving the purpose of thermal protection; in addition, due to the strong compressive stiffness of ceramic materials, the structure The carrying capacity will also be improved to a certain extent. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

An efficient connection mechanism that takes into account both load bearing and heat insulation requirements, including metal joints and heat insulation gaskets 3 and two rectangular metal rods A;

A metal joint is arranged between the two rectangular metal rods A, and the gap between the metal joint and the rectangular metal rod A is filled with a thermal insulation gasket 3; The cross-shaped tenon structure 1 is composed of a connecting rod 4 and a cross-shaped tenon 5, and the free end of the connecting rod 4 is connected with a rectangular metal rod A; The free end of the metal rod 7 is connected with another rectangular metal rod A; the square metal ring 6, the metal rod 7 and the rectangular metal rod A form a square hole 8, and the volume of the square hole 8 is larger than that of the cross-shaped tenon structure 1, and the two are combined. There is a gap at the back, and the side length of the square hole 8 is greater than the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5; the thermal insulation gasket 3 includes the upper gasket 9, the middle connecting gasket 10 and the bottom gasket 11, all of which are made of thermal insulation ceramics , fill in the connection gap of the metal joint, so that the cross-shaped tenon structure 1 of the metal joint and the cube frame and mortise structure 2 do not contact each other; the connection between the metal joint and the thermal insulation gasket 3 is frictionless contact.

The cross-section of the connecting rod 4 is square, and its cross-section is smaller than the cross-section of the rectangular metal rod A, and the centers of the two cross-sections overlap; the cross-section of the cross-shaped tenon 5 is composed of a square and four rectangles, and the rectangle and the square share the same side;

The width of the cross-shaped tenon 5 is the same as the length of the side of the rectangular metal rod A; the square and the cross section of the connecting rod 4 are completely coincident, and the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5 is the same as the long side of the rectangle.

The cross section of the metal rod 7 is square; the side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring 6 is the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod A, and the side length of the inner ring is the same as that of the outer diameter side of the middle connecting gasket 10. The thickness and ring width are the same as the side length of the section of the metal rod 7 .

The upper gasket 9 and the middle connecting gasket 10 are all square rings; the outer diameter and side length of the upper gasket 9 are the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod A, and the inner diameter and side length are the same as the length of the connecting rod 4, and its thickness is cross-shaped. The distance between the rectangular metal rod A in the tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2; the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket 10 are respectively the same as the thickness and the outer ring side length of the square metal ring 6, and its inner diameter side length is the same as the connecting rod. 4 sides have the same length; the bottom gasket 11 includes a cube frame and four identical square rings; the outer side of the cube frame is the same as the side length of the square hole 8; the top of the cube frame has a hole, the hole is square, and the side of the hole is long The length of the side is the same as that of the connecting rod 4; the center of the four sides of the cube frame is respectively provided with the same square hole, and the side length of the square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon 5; the outer diameter side length of the square ring of the bottom gasket 11 is the same as the square hole. The 8 sides have the same length, the inner diameter and the side length are the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5 , and the thickness is the same as the side length of the cross section of the metal rod 7 .

The form of interaction between the cross-shaped tenon structure 1 and the cube frame and socket structure 2 is extrusion; there is no bonding process between the heat insulating gasket 3 and the metal joint.

When the connection mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cruciform tenon structure 1 and the square frame mortise structure 2 are fitted together, the other ends of the two are respectively spliced with a rectangular metal rod A.

The component is designed by structurally designing a certain part of the metal structure, turning any form of load passing through the part into a pressure load, and then filling the gasket made of insulating ceramic material in the pressure area to be able to withstand the force. The heat insulating material with strong compressive rigidity is arranged on the transfer path; this method achieves the purpose of arranging the heat insulating material on the heat transfer path, which can not only block the heat transfer along the metal parts, but also to a certain extent Improve the bearing capacity of the structure.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1) The present invention effectively blocks the heat transfer to the internal structure along the force transfer path by arranging the heat insulating material on the heat transfer path, thereby eliminating the thermal short circuit phenomenon.

2) The arrangement of the thermal insulation material and the metal material of the present invention is to arrange the thermal insulation material in the gap area of the metal material joint, and a good thermal protection effect can be achieved with a small amount of material, which is separated from the traditional metal material and thermal insulation material. Compared with the method, the amount of heat insulating material is greatly reduced, and the weight of the structure is greatly reduced.

3) In the present invention, through the structural design of a certain part of the metal structure, any form of load passing through the part is transformed into a pressure load, and then the gasket made of insulating ceramic material is filled in the pressure area, and the pressure The method of arranging the heat insulating material with strong compressive rigidity on the transfer path achieves the purpose of arranging the heat insulating material on the heat transfer path. This design replaces some of the metal parts under pressure with ceramic materials with strong compressive stiffness, which can improve the load-bearing capacity of the structure to a certain extent.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting mechanism with high efficiency and both load bearing and heat insulation requirements according to the present invention.

Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a rectangular metal rod in the present invention;

Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the metal joint tenon joint of the present invention;

Figure 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cube frame 90 of the present invention;

Figure 2(d) is a configuration diagram of the thermal insulation ceramic gasket of the present invention;

3 is a structural configuration diagram of a metal joint tenon joint of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a rectangular metal rod and a connecting rod of the present invention;

Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped tenon structure of the present invention;

Figure 5(b) is a perspective view of the cross tenon structure of the present invention;

Figure 6 (a) is a perspective view of the structure of the metal joint socket joint of the present invention;

Figure 6(b) is a top view of the cube frame 90 structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6(c) is a schematic diagram of a square hole formed by the cube frame 90 structure of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the splicing mode diagram of the metal tenon and mortise joint of the present invention;

Figure 8(a) is a structural configuration diagram of the thermal insulation ceramic gasket of the present invention;

Figure 8(b) is a top view of the upper gasket of the present invention;

Figure 8(c) is a front view of the thermal insulation ceramic gasket of the present invention;

Figure 8(d) is a schematic diagram of the gap between the metal tenon and mortise joints of the present invention;

Figure 8(e) is a schematic diagram of the square ring of the present invention;

Figure 8(f) is a schematic diagram of the square frame of the bottom gasket of the present invention

Figure 8(g) is a schematic diagram of the assembly of four square rings of the bottom gasket of the present invention;

Figure 9(a) is a diagram showing the combination of the metal tenon joint and the heat insulating ceramic gasket of the present invention;

Figure 9(b) is a diagram showing the combination of the metal socket joint and the thermal insulating ceramic gasket of the present invention.

Identification in the picture: 1- cross tenon structure; 2- cube frame and socket structure; 3- heat insulation gasket; A- rectangular metal rod; 4- connecting rod; 5- cross tenon; 6- square metal ring; 7- Metal rod; 8-square hole; 9-upper spacer; 10-middle connection spacer; 11-bottom spacer.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 2, an efficient connection mechanism that takes both load bearing and heat insulation requirements into consideration includes a metal joint, a heat insulating gasket 3 and two rectangular metal rods A;

The tenon-and-mortise structure is mainly composed of a cross-type tenon structure 1 and a square frame-mountain structure 2. The cross-type tenon structure is composed of a connecting rod 4 and a cross tenon 5. The cross-section of the connecting rod 4 is a square, and its cross-section is smaller than that of a rectangular metal. Rod A section. The center of the cross-section of the connecting rod 4 and the cross-shaped tenon 5 is coincident. The cross-shaped tenon 5 is composed of a square and four rectangles, of which the square completely coincides with the cross-section of the connecting rod 4, and the long sides of the four rectangles coincide with the sides of the square. The length of the short side is equal to the distance from the side of the square to the metal rod, and the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5 is the same as the side length of the square;

The square frame 90 structure 2 is composed of a square metal ring 6 and four identical metal rods 7. The side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring 6 is the same as the side length of the cross section of the rectangular metal rod A, and the inner ring of the square metal ring 6 is the same. The side length is the same as the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket 10 of the heat insulation gasket 3; the cross section of the metal rod 7 is a square, and the side length of the cross section is the same as the thickness of the square ring of the middle gasket 10; the square metal ring 6. The metal rod 7 and the rectangular metal rod A form a square hole 8, and the side of the square hole 8 is larger than the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5;

The splicing method of the metal joint tenon structure and the metal joint socket structure is shown in Figure 7 for frictionless contact;

The insulating gasket 3 is composed of an upper gasket 9, a middle connecting gasket 10 and a bottom gasket 11; the upper gasket 9 is a square ring, and its outer diameter and side length are the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod A section. , the inner diameter and side length of the connecting rod 4 have the same cross-section and side length, and its thickness is the distance between the rectangular metal rod A in the cross-shaped tenon structure 1 and the square frame structure 2 .

The middle connecting gasket 10 is a square ring, and its thickness and outer diameter and side length are respectively the same as the thickness of the square metal ring 6 and the side length of the outer ring. same.

The bottom gasket 11 is composed of a square frame and four identical square rings. The length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as the side length of the square hole 8. There is a hole on the top of the square frame, which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod 4. The side lengths of the cross-section are the same; there are four identical square holes around the square frame and the center coincides with the center of the cross-shaped tenon 5. The side length of the square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5; the outer diameter of the square ring is the same as the square hole. The side length is the same, the inner diameter side length is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon 5, and its thickness is the same as the side length of the cross section of the metal rod 7;

After the connection structure is combined, the thermal insulation gasket 3 completely envelops the cross-shaped tenon structure 1 and the square frame and socket structure 2, and the combined effect is shown in Figure 8(a), so that the cross-shaped tenon structure 1 and the cube frame and socket structure 2 No contact, to achieve the purpose of thermal protection.

The heat insulating gasket 3 is made of heat insulating ceramics with strong bearing capacity and good heat insulating effect, and is filled in the connection gap of the metal joints, so that the metal joints do not contact each other.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (7)

1. A connecting mechanism which has high efficiency and meets the requirements of bearing and heat insulation is characterized by comprising a metal joint, a heat insulation gasket (3) and two rectangular metal rods (A); a metal joint is arranged between the two rectangular metal rods (A), and a heat insulation gasket (3) is filled in a gap between the metal joint and the rectangular metal rods (A); the metal joint is of a tenon-and-mortise structure and mainly comprises a cross tenon structure (1) and a square frame-and-mortise structure (2); the cross tenon structure (1) consists of a connecting rod (4) and a cross tenon (5), and the free end of the connecting rod (4) is connected with a rectangular metal rod (A); the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) consists of a square metal ring (6) and four same metal rods (7), and the free end of each metal rod (7) is connected with another rectangular metal rod (A); the square metal ring (6), the metal rod (7) and the rectangular metal rod (A) form a square hole (8), the volume of the square hole (8) is larger than that of the cross tenon structure (1), a gap is reserved after the square hole (8) and the cross tenon structure (1) are spliced, and the side length of the square hole (8) is larger than the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the heat insulation gasket (3) comprises an upper gasket (9), a middle connecting gasket (10) and a bottom gasket (11), which are all made of heat insulation ceramics and filled in a connecting gap of the metal joint, so that the cross tenon structure (1) of the metal joint is not in contact with the square frame mortise structure (2); the metal joint and the heat insulation gasket (3) are connected in a friction-free contact manner;

the cross section of the connecting rod (4) is square, the cross section of the connecting rod is smaller than that of the rectangular metal rod (A), and the centers of the cross sections of the connecting rod and the rectangular metal rod are superposed; the cross tenon (5) is composed of a square and four rectangles in cross section, and the rectangles and the squares are on the same side; the width of the cross tenon (5) is the same as the side length of the rectangular metal rod (A); wherein the cross section of the square is completely overlapped with that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the cross tenon (5) is the same as that of the long side of the rectangle.

2. A connection mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the metal rod (7) is square; the side length of the outer ring of the square metal ring (6) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner ring is the same as that of the outer diameter of the middle connecting gasket (10), and the thickness and the ring width of the square metal ring (6) are the same as those of the section of the metal rod (7).

3. The connecting mechanism with high efficiency and requirements on bearing and heat insulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper gasket (9) and the middle connecting gasket (10) are both square rings; the side length of the outer diameter of the upper gasket (9) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner diameter of the upper gasket is the same as that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the upper gasket is the distance between the rectangular metal rod (A) and the square frame-mortise structure (2) in the cross-shaped tenon structure (1); the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket (10) are respectively the same as the thickness and the outer ring side length of the square metal ring (6), and the inner diameter side length is the same as the side length of the connecting rod (4); the bottom gasket (11) comprises a square frame and four identical square rings; the side length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as that of the square hole (8); the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the centers of four side surfaces of the square frame are respectively provided with the same square holes, and the side length of each square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the side length of the outer diameter of a square ring of the bottom gasket (11) is the same as that of the square hole (8), the side length of the inner diameter is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon (5), and the thickness is the same as that of the cross section of the metal rod (7).

4. The connection mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 2 is characterized in that the upper gasket (9) and the middle connecting gasket (10) are both square rings; the side length of the outer diameter of the upper gasket (9) is the same as that of the rectangular metal rod (A), the side length of the inner diameter of the upper gasket is the same as that of the connecting rod (4), and the thickness of the upper gasket is equal to the distance between the rectangular metal rod (A) and the square frame-mortise structure (2) in the cross-shaped tenon structure (1); the thickness and the outer diameter side length of the middle connecting gasket (10) are respectively the same as those of the square metal ring (6) and the outer ring, and the inner diameter side length is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the bottom gasket (11) comprises a square frame and four identical square rings; the side length of the outer side of the square frame is the same as that of the square hole (8); the top of the square frame is provided with a hole which is square, and the side length of the hole is the same as that of the connecting rod (4); the centers of four side surfaces of the square frame are respectively provided with the same square holes, and the side length of each square hole is the same as the thickness of the cross tenon (5); the side length of the outer diameter of a square ring of the bottom gasket (11) is the same as that of the square hole (8), the side length of the inner diameter is the same as the thickness of the cross-shaped tenon (5), and the thickness is the same as that of the cross section of the metal rod (7).

5. A connecting mechanism with high efficiency and both bearing and heat insulation requirements according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).

6. A connection mechanism for achieving both load bearing and thermal insulation as claimed in claim 2, wherein; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).

7. A connection mechanism for achieving both load bearing and thermal insulation as claimed in claim 3, wherein; the metal joint ensures that no matter what external force is applied to the metal rod piece, the interaction form between the cross-shaped tenon structure (1) and the square frame-and-mortise structure (2) is extrusion; the heat insulation gasket (3) and the metal joint are not bonded; when the connecting mechanism is specifically spliced, after the metal joint cross tenon structure (1) and the square frame mortise structure (2) are sleeved with each other, the other ends of the metal joint cross tenon structure and the square frame mortise structure are respectively spliced with the rectangular metal rod (A).

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