CN114252334A - Method for testing creep performance of high-modulus polyethylene rope - Google Patents
Method for testing creep performance of high-modulus polyethylene rope Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for testing creep property of a high-modulus polyethylene rope belongs to the field of performance detection of high-molecular fiber ropes. Under the condition of normal temperature, a testing machine for fixing the rope sample by the pin column to be inserted into the eye ring is used for testing the creep property of the rope; the tensile, pause and reciprocating circular motion of the pin of the testing machine is used for eliminating the structural elongation of the rope; after the rope sample is stressed for a period of time at the preselected tension T, the displacement of the two marks in the middle of the rope sample is used for calculating the creep elongation, the creep rate and the specific stress value of the rope; the distance between two pins of the testing machine for fixedly splicing the eye ring sample by using the pins is not less than 1800 mm; the tension T is 50% -20% of the breaking strength of the rope, and the deviation range is 0.1% -1%; the distance between the two marks is not less than 1000 mm; the creep elongation, creep rate and specific stress of the creep property of the high modulus polyethylene rope are measured under the constant load. Can be used for establishing models of creep properties of high modulus polyethylene ropes with different breaking strengths and various linear densities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer fiber rope performance detection, and particularly relates to a method for testing the load creep performance of a high-modulus polyethylene rope.
Background
The high-modulus polyethylene fiber is a third-generation high-performance fiber which appears after carbon fiber and aramid fiber, and the breaking strength of a rope made of the high-modulus polyethylene fiber is the highest and is 8 times that of a steel wire rope; the diameter required when the breaking strength is the same is the thinnest, which is 50 percent of that of the polypropylene rope; the breaking strength is the largest at the same diameter and is 3.8 times of that of the polypropylene rope; the fatigue strength is extremely high, and the strength retention rate tested after accelerated fatigue is more than 100 percent.
The high performance of the high-modulus polyethylene fiber determines that the application of the high-modulus polyethylene fiber in a mooring cable positioning system of an ocean platform is gradually expanded, and the high-modulus polyethylene mooring cable (also called a high-modulus polyethylene rope) is developed into one of high-end equipment which is key and matched with ocean oil and gas resource development.
Creep refers to the phenomenon of plastic deformation that occurs at a certain temperature and constant stress, increasing slowly and continuously over time.
The high modulus polyethylene fiber has small molecular chain length and small intermolecular force, and can generate molecular chain slippage phenomenon, namely irreversible deformation-creep, under the long-term action of constant load, and the phenomenon is strongly dependent on load, time and temperature.
The high-modulus polyethylene mooring cable works for a long time under constant load, and the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene mooring cable is related to the safety of the ocean platform. Therefore, when the high-modulus polyethylene fiber is used as a mooring cable of an ocean platform, a corresponding creep performance document model must be established.
The invention discloses a method for testing the tensile creep property of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, which is a Chinese patent with an authorization notice number of CN 103234841B and an authorization notice date of 2016, 2 and 10. The method is that two ends of a fiber sample are clamped into an upper clamp and a lower clamp respectively, a load is gradually applied at a set drawing speed, a certain creep time is maintained from an initial load to the creep load, and the recorded sample elongation is the creep elongation. The creep time of the method is 10-100 min, the test length is 100-500 mm, and the method does not meet the requirements that the creep time in hours is required for testing the creep performance of the high-modulus polyethylene rope, and the effective length of a sample is 1800mm at least. The method takes the space between an upper clamp holder and a lower clamp holder of a fiber tensile testing machine as the test length of a sample, the displacement value of the clamp holder is used for calculating the elongation, and the high-modulus polyethylene fiber is easy to slide out of a part of length from the clamp holder in the test to cause the deviation in the elongation test. The constant load elongation is the elongation of the fiber in the creep time after reaching the creep load, and although the elongation is not changed after the testing machine stops stretching in the creep time, the tensile stress applied to the fiber is reduced along with the time, so that the tensile elongation is measured, and the creep elongation is not the constant load elongation. .
The standard GB/T30668-2014 "ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber 8-12-strand braided rope and composite braided rope" of high modulus polyethylene (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) rope stipulates the requirements of linear density and breaking strength of physical properties, which are measured according to the test method and test conditions specified in GB/T8834 "determination of related physical and mechanical properties of rope". GB/T30668 rope elongation and creep properties requirements, but also states that "different grades of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene filaments should be noted to have different creep properties".
Standard GB/T8834 "determination of rope-related physical and mechanical properties" of the fiber rope test methods stipulates the test methods for the linear density, lay length, elongation, breaking strength properties of the rope, but does not include the test method for the creep properties of the rope. The method comprises the following rope elongation measuring steps: measuring the distance between two marks in the middle of the sample under the pre-tension; and gradually increasing the tension by uniform stretching through a reciprocating component of the testing machine, stopping when the tension reaches 75% of the breaking strength, measuring the distance between the two marks as soon as possible, and calculating the elongation of the rope according to the two gauge lengths before and after stretching. The tensile stress to which the rope is subjected decreases with time after the termination of the drawing, so that it measures the elongation in drawing rather than the creep elongation at a constant load.
How to correctly measure the constant load creep parameters and the related performance of the high modulus polyethylene fiber is a key technical problem to be solved urgently in the actual measurement work.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the tensile elongation is measured instead of the constant load creep elongation in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention provides a method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope. By implementing the technical scheme, a document model of creep performance of high-modulus polyethylene ropes with different breaking strengths and various linear densities can be established; from this model, creep performance data (creep rate, allowable creep elongation and time) can be obtained, the annual creep expectation, the cumulative creep elongation over the designed life of the rope can be predicted, and the ratio of the rope creep rate to the fiber creep can be known by comparison under the same specific stress and temperature conditions.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: providing a method for testing creep performance of a high modulus polyethylene rope, wherein the tested creep performance of the rope at least comprises the creep elongation of the rope, the creep rate of the rope and the specific stress of the rope; the method is characterized in that the method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope is carried out under the following modes and conditions:
under the condition of normal temperature, a testing machine for fixing the rope sample by the pin column to be inserted into the eye ring is used for testing the creep property of the rope;
the tensile, pause and reciprocating circular motion of the pin of the testing machine is used for eliminating the structural elongation of the rope;
after the rope sample is stressed for a period of time at the preselected tension T, the displacement of the two marks in the middle of the rope sample is used for calculating the creep elongation, the creep rate and the specific stress value of the rope;
wherein, the rope creep test is executed under the condition of controlling the temperature, the temperature is not more than 25 ℃ and the temperature difference is within 5 ℃;
the distance between two pins of the testing machine for fixedly splicing the eye ring sample by using the pins is not less than 1800 mm;
the tension T is 50% -20% of the breaking strength of the rope, and the deviation range is 0.1% -1%;
the distance between the two marks is not less than 1000 mm;
the method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope is used for measuring the creep elongation, the creep rate and the specific stress of the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope under constant load.
The method for testing the creep performance of the high-modulus polyethylene rope is used for establishing a document model of the creep performance of the high-modulus polyethylene rope with different breaking strengths and various linear densities; from this model, creep data of the rope sample can be obtained, the annual creep expectation and the cumulative creep elongation of the entire rope design life can be predicted, and the ratio of the rope creep rate to the fiber creep of the rope sample can be obtained by comparison under the same specific stress and temperature conditions.
Specifically, the creep data at least comprises creep rate, allowable creep elongation and time.
Further, the method for testing the creep performance of the high modulus polyethylene rope comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sample is arranged on the testing machine;
step 2: applying a load of 2% of the breaking strength of the rope;
and step 3: the extensometer is arranged between two marks of the rope;
and 4, step 4: the tension is kept for 30 minutes at the speed of 10% of the breaking strength of the loading rope per minute and 50% of the breaking strength of the rope;
and 5: the tension is reduced by 10% of the breaking strength of the rope per minute to 20% of the breaking strength of the rope;
step 6: the tension is cycled for 300 times between 10% and 30% of the breaking strength of the rope at the frequency of 0.03 Hz to 0.1 Hz;
and 7: the length of the gauge length is continuously measured at the time when the steel wire is stressed for at least 7 days under the preset control temperature and the preselected tension T, and the sampling rate is lowest once per hour;
and 8: the sample is unloaded.
Still further, the method for measuring and calculating creep properties of high modulus polyethylene ropes comprises:
the following 3 gauge length measurements were made:
5.1) in step 3-5, measuring the gauge length of the tensile load;
5.2) measuring the gauge length of the cyclic load in step 6;
5.3) in step 7, preselecting a gauge length and a finishing time under tension T;
specifically, in step 7, the sampling rate of the continuous measurement is a minimum of once per hour.
Further, the creep performance of the cable to be tested is calculated by using the following formula:
A. creep elongation:
G＝[(l-l2)/l2]×100％
in the formula:
g is creep elongation,%; l is the gauge length under the tension of the preselected tension T in the step 7, and the unit is millimeter; l2The unit is millimeter, which is the gauge length when the fracture strength is 2% in the step 2;
B. creep rate:
Gt＝G/h
in the formula: gtCreep rate,%/h; g is creep elongation percentage,%; h is creep time in hours;
C. specific stress:
SC＝T/ρ
in the formula: sc is the specific stress of the rope, and the unit is Newton/tex; t is the preselected tension in kilo [ newtons ] in step 7; ρ is the linear density of the rope in kilo tex.
Still further, the method for testing creep performance of high modulus polyethylene ropes comprises the following contents or steps:
8.1) temperature control;
8.2) sample preparation and initial measurement;
8.3) regulating and controlling by a testing machine;
8.4) preparing a test;
8.5) testing the creep property;
8.6) calculation of the creep properties of the rope;
8.7) recording the data to be recorded.
Further, in the method for testing creep performance of the high modulus polyethylene rope:
A. the temperature control comprises controlling the temperature of the test room to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 25 ℃ and the temperature difference is within 5 ℃;
B. the sample preparation and initial measurement comprise cutting a sample of 2 m plus 10 lay lengths of the rope, and measuring the initial length L0Weighing mass m, making two r marks with a distance of not less than 1 m in the middle, and measuring initial gauge length l0；
C. The testing machine regulation and control comprises a testing machine adopting pin columns to fix a rope sample to be spliced with eye rings, and the distance between the two pin columns is not less than 1800 mm; wherein, the tensile speed of the tester; the constant speed stage is adopted before the preselected tension T tenses the sample, and the motor is used for regulating the speed to meet the requirement of loading speed; when the preselected tension T is tensed on the sample, the low-speed stage is adopted, and the motor is used for regulating the micro-speed or stopping the operation to enable the preselected tension T to fluctuate within the range of 0.1-1% of the preselected tension T, so that the effect of constant load is achieved;
D. the test preparation comprises:
D1) the test sample is arranged on the testing machine;
D2) the extensometer is arranged between the rope marks to adjust the focal length and the aperture of the camera;
D3) applying 2% of load of rope fracture strength, and measuring gauge length l2；
E. The creep performance test comprises the following steps:
E1) eliminating structural elongation of the rope;
E2) measuring steady state creep under constant tension;
E3) the sample should be unloaded after the test is finished.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the creep elongation of the rope is the plastic elongation which slowly and continuously increases along with time and occurs under a certain temperature and constant tension; the creep rate of the rope is creep elongation per unit time; the rope specific stress is the tension of unit linear density.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope provided by the technical scheme of the invention overcomes the defects that the constant load cannot be applied to the rope due to high tensile speed and the creep elongation of the tensile elongation is measured instead of the constant load in the prior art;
2. according to the technical scheme, the creep elongation, the creep rate and the specific stress of the creep performance of the high-modulus polyethylene rope are measured under the constant load;
3. by implementing the technical scheme of the invention, document models of creep properties of high-modulus polyethylene ropes with different breaking strengths and various linear densities can be established; from this model, creep data (creep rate, allowable creep elongation and time) are obtained, the annual creep expectation, the cumulative creep elongation over the designed life of the rope are predicted, and the ratio of the rope creep rate to the fiber creep of the rope sample is known by comparison under the same specific stress and temperature conditions.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained below.
The creep properties of the rope tested by the invention comprise the creep elongation of the rope, namely the plastic elongation which slowly and continuously increases along with time and occurs under a certain temperature and constant tension; rope creep rate-creep elongation per unit time; and rope specific stress-tension per linear density.
According to the technical scheme, the creep performance of the rope is tested in the following modes:
the testing machine for fixing the rope sample splicing eye ring by the pin column under the normal temperature condition is used for testing the creep property of the rope;
the tensile, pause and reciprocating circular motion of the pin of the testing machine is used for eliminating the structural elongation of the rope;
the displacement of the two markers in the middle of the rope sample after a certain period of time of tensioning at the preselected tension T is used to calculate the creep elongation, creep rate and specific stress values of the rope.
The creep test of the rope in the technical scheme is executed under the condition of controlling the temperature, the temperature does not exceed 25 ℃, and the temperature difference is within 5 ℃.
The distance between two pins of the testing machine for fixing and inserting the eye ring sample by using the pins is not less than 1800 mm.
The tension T is 50% -20% of the breaking strength of the rope, and the deviation range is 0.1% -1%.
The distance between the two marks is not less than 1000 mm.
The invention also provides a method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sample is arranged on the testing machine;
step 2: applying a load of 2% of the breaking strength of the rope;
and step 3: the extensometer should be installed between two markers on the rope;
and 4, step 4: the tension is kept for 30 minutes at the speed of 10% of the breaking strength of the loading rope per minute and 50% of the breaking strength of the rope;
and 5: the tension is reduced by 10% of the breaking strength of the rope per minute to 20% of the breaking strength of the rope;
step 6: the tension is cycled for 300 times between 10% and 30% of the breaking strength of the rope at the frequency of 0.03 Hz to 0.1 Hz;
and 7: the length of the gauge length is continuously measured at the time when the steel wire is stressed for at least 7 days under the preset control temperature and the preselected tension T, and the sampling rate is lowest once per hour;
and 8: the sample should be unloaded.
The invention also provides a measuring and calculating method for testing the creep property of the high-modulus polyethylene rope, which comprises the following steps:
the following 3 gauge length measurements were made:
1) step 3-5, stretching the loaded gauge length;
2) step 6, circularly measuring the load distance;
3) and 7, pre-selecting the gauge length and the completion time under the tension T (continuous measurement sampling rate: a minimum of once per hour).
The creep performance of the rope to be tested is calculated by using the following formula:
A. creep elongation:
G＝[(l-l2)/l2]×100％
in the formula:
g-creep elongation,%;
l-gauge length in millimeters (mm) under the tension T pre-selected in step 7;
l2and (3) step 2, marking distance with unit of millimeter (m) when the fracture strength is 2%.
B. Creep rate:
Gt＝G/h
in the formula:
Gt-creep rate,%/h;
g, creep elongation percentage,%;
h-creep time in hours (h).
C. Specific stress:
SC＝T/ρ
in the formula:
sc-rope specific stress in newtons/tex (N/tex);
t-preselected tension in kilo [ Newton ] (kN) from step 7;
ρ -linear density of the rope in kilotex (ktex).
Best mode of carrying out the invention:
1. temperature control:
controlling the temperature of the test room to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 25 ℃ and the temperature difference is within 5 ℃; recording the temperature during test creep;
2. sample preparation and initial measurement:
a sample of the rope 2 m plus 10 lay lengths is taken and the initial length L is measured0(accurate to 0.5%) and weighing mass m (accurate to 0.5%), marking two r marks with a distance of not less than 1 m in the middle part, and measuring initial gauge length l0(accurate to 0.5%);
3. and (3) regulation and control by a testing machine:
the testing machine adopts the pin columns to fix the rope sample to be inserted into the eye ring, and the distance between the two pin columns is not less than 1800 mm; wherein, the tensile speed of the tester; the constant speed stage is adopted before the preselected tension T tenses the sample, and the motor is used for regulating the speed to meet the requirement of loading speed; when the preselected tension T is tensed on the sample, the low-speed stage is adopted, the motor is used for regulating the micro-speed or stopping the operation to enable the preselected tension T to fluctuate within the range of 0.1-1%, and the effect of constant load can be achieved;
4. preparation of the test:
1) the test sample is arranged on the testing machine;
2) the extensometer is arranged between the rope marks to adjust the focal length and the aperture of the camera;
3) applying 2% of load of rope fracture strength, and measuring gauge length l2(accurate to 0.5%);
5. testing creep property:
1) eliminating structural elongation of the rope;
the tensile, pause and reciprocating circular motion of the pin of the testing machine is used for eliminating the structural elongation of the rope:
a) the tension is kept for 30 minutes at the speed of 10% of the breaking strength of the loading rope per minute and 50% of the breaking strength of the rope;
b) the tension is reduced by 10% of the breaking strength of the rope per minute to 20% of the breaking strength of the rope;
c) the tension is cycled for 300 times between 10% and 30% of the breaking strength of the rope at the frequency of 0.03 Hz to 0.1 Hz;
2) steady state creep was measured at constant tension:
the constant tension T is 50 to 20 percent of the breaking strength of the rope; continuously measuring the gauge length l (accurate to 0.5%) at the time when the patient is stressed at a preset control temperature and a preset tension T for at least 7 days, wherein the sampling rate is lowest once per hour;
3) the sample should be unloaded after the test is finished;
6. calculation of rope creep properties:
1) linear density:
ρ＝m/L1
L1＝l2×L0/l0
in the formula:
ρ -rope linear density in units of kilotex (ktex);
m-mass of the sample in grams (g);
L1-sample length in meters (m) at 2% breaking strength tension;
l2gauge length when the fracture strength is 2%, and the degree unit is meter (m);
L0-initial length in meters (m);
l0-initial gauge length in meters (m).
2) Creep elongation:
G＝[(l-l2)/l2]×100
in the formula:
g-creep elongation,%;
l-gauge length under preselected tension T tension in millimeters (mm);
l2and the gauge length when the breaking strength is 2%, wherein the unit is millimeter (m).
3) Creep rate:
Gt＝G/h
in the formula:
Gt-creep rate,%/h;
g, creep elongation percentage,%;
h-creep time in hours (h).
4) Specific stress:
SC＝T/ρ
T＝t×FMBS
in the formula:
sc-rope specific stress in newtons/tex (N/tex);
t-preselected tension in kilonewtons (kN);
ρ -linear density of the rope in kilotex (ktex);
t-stress ratio,%;
FMBS-a specific minimum rope breaking strength in newtons (N).
7. The following are data to be recorded:
-sample type and linear density;
-stress ratio τ and specific stress Sc;
-testing the temperature during creep;
creep elongation and creep rate.
According to the technical scheme, under the condition of constant load, the creep elongation, creep rate and specific stress of the creep performance of the high-modulus polyethylene rope are measured; by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the creep property document model of the high modulus polyethylene rope with different breaking strengths and various linear densities can be established; from this model, creep data (creep rate, allowable creep elongation and time) can be obtained, the annual creep expectation, the cumulative creep elongation over the designed life of the rope can be predicted, and the ratio of the rope creep rate to the fiber creep can be known by comparison under the same specific stress and temperature conditions.
The method can be widely applied to the field of constant load creep test of high-modulus polyethylene fibers.
Claims (10)
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