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CN114246255A - Puffed corn for feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Puffed corn for feed and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114246255A
CN114246255A CN202011024433.2A CN202011024433A CN114246255A CN 114246255 A CN114246255 A CN 114246255A CN 202011024433 A CN202011024433 A CN 202011024433A CN 114246255 A CN114246255 A CN 114246255A
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Prior art keywords
corn
puffing
crushed
feed
conditioning
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CN202011024433.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李作江
陈红
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Hubei Yuntai Feed Co ltd
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Hubei Yuntai Feed Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011024433.2A priority Critical patent/CN114246255A/en
Publication of CN114246255A publication Critical patent/CN114246255A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23PSHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P30/00Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
    • A23P30/30Puffing or expanding
    • A23P30/32Puffing or expanding by pressure release, e.g. explosion puffing; by vacuum treatment
    • A23P30/34Puffing or expanding by pressure release, e.g. explosion puffing; by vacuum treatment by extrusion-expansion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of corn production, and discloses puffed corn for feed and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 1-2.8 mm; (2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.4-0.75 MPa; (3) and (3) feeding the modified crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing, extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, wherein the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 125-135 ℃. The puffed corn starch produced by the method has high gelatinization degree, improves digestibility, and is beneficial to digestion and absorption of animals when added into feed.

Description

Puffed corn for feed and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of corn production, and particularly relates to puffed corn for feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with traditional grain crops such as rice, wheat and the like, the corn has strong drought tolerance, cold tolerance, barren tolerance and excellent environmental adaptability. The corn has higher nutritive value and is an excellent grain crop. As a high-yield grain crop in China, corn is an important feed source for animal husbandry, aquaculture and the like.
However, when unprocessed corn is used as feed, the resistant starch content is high, the corn is not easy to digest and absorb, the fat discharge is increased, and the growth of animals is not facilitated.
The puffing process is a new feed processing technology, the puffing of the feed in an extrusion cavity is a high-temperature instantaneous process, the mixture is in the environment of high temperature, high pressure, high shearing force and high moisture, and a fluffy and porous feed is formed by continuous mixing, conditioning, heating and pressurizing, curing, extruding out of a die hole and suddenly reducing the pressure.
The puffed corn is a starch paste of corn under the comprehensive action of moisture, heat, mechanical shearing, friction, kneading and pressure difference, compared with the conventional cooking process, the puffed corn can break plant cell walls, the starch chain is shorter, the digestibility can be effectively improved, and the starch pasting degree of the puffed corn prepared by the conventional production process is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low starch gelatinization degree of the expanded corn for the feed in the prior art, and provides the expanded corn for the feed and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a method for preparing puffed corn for feed, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 1-2.8 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.4-0.75 MPa;
(3) and (3) feeding the modified crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing, extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, wherein the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 125-.
Preferably, in step (1), the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover; the impurity removal operation is carried out in a classifying screen.
Preferably, in step (1), the corn material contains no more than 20ppb of aflatoxin, no more than 80ppb of gibberellin toxin, and no more than 350ppb of vomitoxin.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the thermal refining is 80-95 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), the time for the thermal refining is 18 to 25 seconds.
Preferably, in step (3), the temperature of the puffing is 130-150 ℃.
Preferably, in step (3), the pressure of the puffing is 8-9.5 MPa.
Preferably, in step (3), the time for puffing is 28-35 s.
Preferably, in the step (3), the rotation speed of the screw for expanding is 180-.
The invention provides a second aspect of the puffed corn for feed prepared by the method.
The preparation method of the puffed corn for the feed has simple process flow, can effectively improve the starch gelatinization degree of the puffed corn by controlling the crushed particle size of the corn raw material, technological parameters during tempering and puffing and the like, and the prepared puffed corn is added into the feed to be beneficial to the absorption and growth of animals.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides a preparation method of puffed corn for feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 1-2.8 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.4-0.75 MPa;
(3) and (3) feeding the modified crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing, extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, wherein the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 125-.
In the present invention, the pressure is an absolute pressure.
In the present invention, in step (1), the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover, which may be a conventional choice in the art. The equipment for the edulcoration operation may be conventional in the art, and preferably the edulcoration operation is carried out in a classifying screen.
In the method, in the step (1), the content of aflatoxin in the corn raw material is less than or equal to 20ppb, the content of gibberellin toxin is less than or equal to 80ppb, and the content of vomitoxin is less than or equal to 350 ppb.
In the present invention, in step (1), the grind size of the corn material has a significant impact on the quality of the expanded corn meal. Within a certain crushing particle size range, when the crushing particle size is finer, the surface area is increased, so that heat and moisture can be absorbed, the starch is fully gelatinized, and the viscosity is increased. On the contrary, when the powder is crushed to be too fine, the pre-gelatinized parts are adhered together to wrap the ungelatinized particles, which is not beneficial to absorbing external heat and moisture and reducing the gelatinization effect. In order to make the starch gelatinization degree of the prepared puffed corn higher, the corn raw material is crushed to obtain crushed corn with the average grain diameter of 1-2.8 mm. In particular embodiments, the ground corn may have an average particle size of 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.5mm, or 2.8 mm.
In the invention, in the step (2), the steam pressure of the quenching and tempering treatment is 0.4-0.75 MPa. In particular embodiments, the steam pressure of the thermal refining may be 0.4MPa, 0.45MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.55MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.65MPa, 0.7MPa, or 0.75 MPa.
In the present invention, in the step (2), the time for the thermal refining is 18 to 25 seconds. In a specific embodiment, the time for the thermal refining may be 18s, 19s, 20s, 21s, 22s, 23s, 24s, or 25 s.
In the present invention, in the step (2), the temperature of the thermal refining is 80 to 95 ℃. In specific embodiments, the temperature of the thermal refining may be 80 ℃, 82 ℃, 84 ℃, 85 ℃, 87 ℃, 90 ℃, 92 ℃ or 95 ℃.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (3), the temperature of the puffing is 130-150 ℃. In particular embodiments, the temperature of the puffing may be 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃ or 150 ℃.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (3), the pressure of the puffing is 8 to 9.5 MPa. In particular embodiments, the pressure of the puffing may be 8MPa, 8.2MPa, 8.4MPa, 8.5MPa, 8.7MPa, 9MPa, 9.2MPa, 9.4MPa, or 9.5 MPa.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (3), the swelling time is 28 to 35 seconds. In particular embodiments, the time for bulking may be 28s, 29s, 30s, 31s, 32s, 33s, 34s, or 35 s.
In the method of the invention, in the step (3), the rotational speed of the screw for expanding is 180-. In particular embodiments, the expanded screw speed may be 180r/min, 182r/min, 184r/min, 185r/min, 188r/min, 190r/min, 192r/min, or 195 r/min.
In the method of the invention, in the step (3), the temperature of the discharge end of the expansion cavity is 125-135 ℃. In particular embodiments, the temperature at the discharge end of the expansion chamber can be 125 ℃, 126 ℃, 127 ℃, 128 ℃, 129 ℃, 130 ℃, 131 ℃, 132 ℃, 133 ℃, 134 ℃ or 135 ℃.
The invention provides a second aspect of the puffed corn for feed prepared by the method.
The preparation method of the puffed corn for the feed has simple process flow, can effectively improve the starch gelatinization degree of the puffed corn, and the prepared puffed corn is added into the feed to be beneficial to the absorption and growth of animals.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. The scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The pressures described in the examples and comparative examples are absolute pressures.
Example 1
(1) Crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal (the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover, and the impurity removal operation is carried out in a classifying screen) (the content of aflatoxin in the corn raw material is 18ppb, the content of gibberellin ketene toxin is 70ppb, and the content of vomitoxin is 300ppb) to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 1 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.4MPa, the temperature of the conditioning is 95 ℃, and the time of the conditioning is 18 s;
(3) and (3) feeding the conditioned crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing (the puffing temperature is 130 ℃, the puffing pressure is 8MPa, the puffing time is 35s, and the rotating speed of a puffing screw is 180r/min), then extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, and the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 125 ℃ to obtain the puffed corn A1 for feed.
Example 2
(1) Crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal (the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover, and the impurity removal operation is carried out in a classifying screen) (the content of aflatoxin in the corn raw material is 15ppb, the content of gibberellin ketene toxin is 78ppb, and the content of vomitoxin is 336ppb) to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 2.8 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.75MPa, the temperature of the conditioning is 80 ℃, and the time of the conditioning is 25 s;
(3) and (3) feeding the conditioned crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing (the puffing temperature is 150 ℃, the puffing pressure is 9.5MPa, the puffing time is 28s, and the rotating speed of a puffing screw is 195r/min), then extruding from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing, and the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 135 ℃, so as to obtain the puffed corn A2 for the feed.
Example 3
(1) Crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal (the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover, and the impurity removal operation is carried out in a classifying screen) (the content of aflatoxin in the corn raw material is 14ppb, the content of gibberellin ketene toxin is 69ppb, and the content of vomitoxin is 306ppb) to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 2 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.55MPa, the temperature of the conditioning is 92 ℃, and the time of the conditioning is 23 s;
(3) and (3) feeding the conditioned crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing (the puffing temperature is 140 ℃, the puffing pressure is 9MPa, the puffing time is 31s, and the rotating speed of a puffing screw is 190r/min), then extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, and the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 130 ℃ to obtain the puffed corn A3 for feed.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that in the step (1), the iron-removed and impurity-removed corn material was pulverized to obtain a pulverized corn having an average particle size of 0.3mm, thereby obtaining expanded corn D1 for feeds.
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 2 was followed, except that in the step (1), the iron-removed and impurity-removed corn material was pulverized to obtain crushed corn having an average particle size of 3.5mm, thereby obtaining expanded corn D2 for feed.
Comparative example 3
The procedure of example 3 was followed, except that in the step (2), steam pressure of the conditioning treatment was 0.3MPa, to obtain expanded corn D3 for feed.
Test example 1
The starch gelatinization degree of the expanded corns prepared in the test examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 is measured by using a viscometer method for testing the grain and starch gelatinization characteristics of GB/T14490-.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002701718060000071
The results in table 1 show that the starch gelatinization degree of the puffed corn prepared by the method is more than 90%, the gelatinization degree is high, and the puffed corn is beneficial to the absorption and growth of animals when being used as feed.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the puffed corn for the feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) crushing the corn raw material subjected to iron removal and impurity removal to obtain crushed corn with the average particle size of 1-2.8 mm;
(2) feeding the crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a conditioner for conditioning, wherein the steam pressure of the conditioning is 0.4-0.75 MPa;
(3) and (3) feeding the modified crushed corn obtained in the step (2) into a puffing cavity of a double-screw extrusion puffing machine for puffing, extruding the crushed corn from a die hole at the discharge end of the puffing cavity, cooling and crushing the crushed corn, wherein the temperature at the discharge end of the puffing cavity is 125-.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (1), the iron removal operation is carried out in an iron remover; the impurity removal operation is carried out in a classifying screen.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the corn material has a aflatoxin content of 20ppb or less, a zearalenone toxin of 80ppb or less, and a vomitoxin of 350ppb or less.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the thermal refining is 80 to 95 ℃ in the step (2).
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the time for the thermal refining in the step (2) is 18 to 25 seconds.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the temperature of the puffing is 130-150 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step (3), the pressure of the puffing is 8-9.5 MPa.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step (3), the puffing time is 28-35 s.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step (3), the rotational speed of the screw for puffing is 180-195 r/min.
10. Expanded corn for feed, produced by any of the methods of claims 1-9.
CN202011024433.2A 2020-09-25 2020-09-25 Puffed corn for feed and preparation method thereof Pending CN114246255A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116210809A (en) * 2023-02-27 2023-06-06 鄂州双胞胎饲料有限公司 Production method and production system of puffed corn
CN116473167A (en) * 2023-05-05 2023-07-25 安徽金杉粮油食品制造有限公司 Production method of puffed corn flour

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116210809A (en) * 2023-02-27 2023-06-06 鄂州双胞胎饲料有限公司 Production method and production system of puffed corn
CN116473167A (en) * 2023-05-05 2023-07-25 安徽金杉粮油食品制造有限公司 Production method of puffed corn flour

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Application publication date: 20220329