CN114244147B - Electromagnetic field coupling generating device and method for electromagnetic strengthening treatment - Google Patents
Electromagnetic field coupling generating device and method for electromagnetic strengthening treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电磁耦合领域，具体涉及一种用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic coupling, in particular to an electromagnetic field coupling generating device and method for electromagnetic strengthening treatment.
背景技术Background technique
利用脉冲电磁场技术实现对金属材料内部微观缺陷的修复、残余应力的调控、微观结构的改变、疲劳强度的提升，从而大大延长其使用寿命，已逐渐成为行业人士关注的焦点。The use of pulsed electromagnetic field technology to repair microscopic defects inside metal materials, control residual stress, change microstructure, and improve fatigue strength, thereby greatly extending its service life, has gradually become the focus of industry professionals.
就现有的脉冲电磁处理设备和处理过程，尽管引导了外场对金属材料改性处理的进展，但本身仍存在诸多问题，诸如：Regarding the existing pulse electromagnetic treatment equipment and treatment process, although it has guided the progress of external field modification of metal materials, there are still many problems, such as:
(1)耦合机理不完善：(1) The coupling mechanism is not perfect:
电磁复合外场处理不同于单独的电场或磁场处理，复合场技术的核心在于多场耦合。电磁耦合技术在于电场和磁场同空间同时刻作用于待处理工件；工件的性能改变不是单独磁场处理与单独电场处理效果的机械叠加，而是复合增益。现有的电磁场发生装置尽管可以做到宏观的同步，即“同时”对处理空间施加高频的磁场和电场，但由于电、磁场脉冲频率的差别，脉冲电场的瞬态性和磁场充、放磁的时间连续性等因素，导致在一次磁脉冲周期的毫秒时间内，难以确保实质上两场的同时作用，因此也就失去了耦合的意义。Electromagnetic compound external field treatment is different from single electric field or magnetic field treatment. The core of compound field technology lies in multi-field coupling. Electromagnetic coupling technology is that the electric field and magnetic field act on the workpiece to be processed at the same time in the same space; the performance change of the workpiece is not the mechanical superposition of the effects of single magnetic field treatment and single electric field treatment, but a compound gain. Although the existing electromagnetic field generating device can achieve macroscopic synchronization, that is, apply high-frequency magnetic field and electric field to the processing space "simultaneously", due to the difference in pulse frequency of the electric and magnetic fields, the transient state of the pulsed electric field and the charging and discharging of the magnetic field Due to factors such as the time continuity of magnetism, it is difficult to ensure the simultaneous action of two fields within a millisecond of a magnetic pulse cycle, so the meaning of coupling is lost.
(2)电磁场强度上限较低：(2) The upper limit of electromagnetic field strength is low:
据现有资料显示，在一定范围内，磁场强度、电场强度越高，对材料性能的改性效果更为显著，但现有设备采用的磁、电场强度上限均较低(3T)，难以满足较大尺寸零部件的处理要求，限制了电磁外场改性技术的发展与应用。According to the existing data, within a certain range, the higher the magnetic field strength and electric field strength, the more significant the modification effect on the material properties, but the upper limit of the magnetic and electric field strength used by the existing equipment is low (3T), which is difficult to meet The processing requirements of larger size components limit the development and application of electromagnetic external field modification technology.
(3)高耗能低效且致使试件氧化：(3) High energy consumption, low efficiency and oxidation of the specimen:
脉冲电磁场工作时，脉冲磁场处于蓄能期间时，但脉冲电场持续工作，造成资源浪费，不利于现在提倡的节能发展。另外，脉冲磁场在充磁阶段与脉冲电流不耦合，由电流做功公式Q＝I2RT可得，磁场充磁时间越长，电流做功就会产生更多的热量，因而致使试件氧化，对实验所探索的结果产生大量的误差。When the pulsed electromagnetic field is working, the pulsed magnetic field is in the energy storage period, but the pulsed electric field continues to work, resulting in waste of resources, which is not conducive to the energy-saving development advocated now. In addition, the pulsed magnetic field is not coupled with the pulsed current during the magnetization stage. It can be obtained from the current work formula Q=I 2 RT. The longer the magnetic field magnetization time, the more heat will be generated by the current work, which will cause the specimen to oxidize. The results explored by experiments yield a large amount of error.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本发明提供的一种用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置及方法解决了耦合机理不完善试件易氧化的问题。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an electromagnetic field coupling generating device and method for electromagnetic strengthening treatment, which solves the problem of easy oxidation of specimens with imperfect coupling mechanisms.
为了达到上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
提供一种用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置，其包括电磁发生器和至少一个脉冲电场发生器；Provide an electromagnetic field coupling generating device for electromagnetic strengthening treatment, which includes an electromagnetic generator and at least one pulsed electric field generator;
电磁发生器，用于产生磁场；an electromagnetic generator for generating a magnetic field;
脉冲电场发生器，用于在电磁发生器产生的磁场达到设定值时产生直流电压；包括一端与外部三相电源相连的总开关，总开关的另一端依次连接晶闸管移相调压电路、变压器和二极管整流电路，二极管整流电路的输出端并联有电压采样电路、内部放电电路、蓄能电容、续流二极管和晶闸管桥式输出电路；晶闸管移相调压电路的受控端连接晶闸管移相触发单元，晶闸管移相触发单元的受控端连接PI调节器，PI调节器连接主控器；晶闸管桥式输出电路的受控端连接晶闸管同步触发单元，晶闸管同步触发单元连接主控器；电压采样电路连接主控器；其中：The pulsed electric field generator is used to generate a DC voltage when the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic generator reaches the set value; it includes a main switch connected to an external three-phase power supply at one end, and the other end of the main switch is connected to a thyristor phase-shifting voltage regulation circuit and a transformer in turn And the diode rectifier circuit, the output end of the diode rectifier circuit is connected in parallel with a voltage sampling circuit, an internal discharge circuit, an energy storage capacitor, a freewheeling diode and a thyristor bridge output circuit; unit, the controlled end of the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit is connected to the PI regulator, and the PI regulator is connected to the main controller; the controlled end of the thyristor bridge output circuit is connected to the thyristor synchronous trigger unit, and the thyristor synchronous trigger unit is connected to the main controller; voltage sampling The circuit is connected to the main controller; where:
晶闸管移相调压电路，用于通过晶闸管调节外部三相电源每一相的通断，稳定进入后续部件的电压；The thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit is used to adjust the on-off of each phase of the external three-phase power supply through the thyristor, and stabilize the voltage entering the subsequent components;
变压器，用于改变进入后续部件的电压值；Transformers for changing the value of the voltage entering the subsequent components;
电压采样电路，用于采集蓄能电容两端的电压值，并反馈给主控器；The voltage sampling circuit is used to collect the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor and feed it back to the main controller;
内部放电电路，用于内部放电，保护脉冲电场发生器中其余部件；The internal discharge circuit is used for internal discharge and protects other components in the pulse electric field generator;
晶闸管移相触发单元，用于控制晶闸管移相调压电路中晶闸管的通断；The thyristor phase-shift trigger unit is used to control the on-off of the thyristor in the thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit;
晶闸管桥式输出电路，用于通过控制晶闸管的通断对输出电压进行移相；The thyristor bridge output circuit is used to shift the phase of the output voltage by controlling the on-off of the thyristor;
晶闸管同步触发单元，用于控制晶闸管桥式输出电路中晶闸管的通断；The thyristor synchronous trigger unit is used to control the on-off of the thyristor in the thyristor bridge output circuit;
主控器，用于控制晶闸管移相触发单元；用于根据电压采样电路的反馈值控制晶闸管移相触发单元。The main controller is used to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit; and is used to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit according to the feedback value of the voltage sampling circuit.
进一步地，电磁发生器包括直流电源和聚磁螺线管；其中聚磁螺线管的磁场强度为0～9T，磁脉冲频率为0.3～2Hz，相邻两个磁脉冲的间隔时间为0.1～5秒；脉冲电场发生器的脉冲电流密度为10～3×103A/mm2，单个电脉冲作用时间为0.01～10ms，相邻两个电脉冲的间隔时间为0.1～5秒。Further, the electromagnetic generator includes a DC power supply and a magnetism-gathering solenoid; wherein the magnetic field strength of the magnetism-gathering solenoid is 0-9T, the magnetic pulse frequency is 0.3-2Hz, and the interval between two adjacent magnetic pulses is 0.1-9T. 5 seconds; the pulse current density of the pulse electric field generator is 10-3×10 3 A/mm 2 , the action time of a single electric pulse is 0.01-10 ms, and the interval between two adjacent electric pulses is 0.1-5 seconds.
进一步地，晶闸管移相调压电路包括三组结构相同的晶闸管移相调压单元，每组晶闸管移相调压单元与三相电源的一相相连；每组晶闸管移相调压单元均包括并联的谐振电路和两个晶闸管，同一个晶闸管移相调压单元中的两个晶闸管反向设置；晶闸管移相调压电路中的每个晶闸管的受控端均分别与晶闸管移相触发单元相连。Further, the thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit includes three groups of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units with the same structure, and each group of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units is connected to one phase of the three-phase power supply; each group of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units includes parallel The resonant circuit and two thyristors, the two thyristors in the same thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation unit are set in reverse; the controlled end of each thyristor in the thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit is respectively connected to the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit.
进一步地，晶闸管移相调压单元中的晶闸管均为阴极受控单向晶闸管；谐振电路包括串联的电阻和电容。Further, the thyristors in the thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation unit are all cathode-controlled one-way thyristors; the resonant circuit includes a resistor and a capacitor connected in series.
进一步地，变压器包括三个副边线圈；二极管整流电路包括三组二极管整流单元；每个二极管整流单元的输入端与一个变压器副边线圈相连；每个二极管整流单元均包括六个串联的二极管，二极管整流单元的输入端位于其第三个二极管与第四个二极管之间；三组二极管整流单元的末尾三个负极端口相连并作为二极管整流电路的正极，三组二极管整流单元的起始三个正极端口相连并作为二极管整流电路的负极。Further, the transformer includes three secondary coils; the diode rectification circuit includes three sets of diode rectification units; the input end of each diode rectification unit is connected to a secondary coil of the transformer; each diode rectification unit includes six diodes connected in series, The input terminal of the diode rectification unit is located between the third diode and the fourth diode; the last three negative ports of the three groups of diode rectification units are connected and used as the positive poles of the diode rectification circuit, and the first three of the three groups of diode rectification units The positive terminal is connected and serves as the negative terminal of the diode rectifier circuit.
进一步地，续流二极管的负极与二极管整流电路的正极相连，续流二极管的正极与二极管整流电路的负极相连；电压采样电路、蓄能电容和内部放电电路的两端分别与二极管整流电路的两极相连。Further, the negative pole of the freewheeling diode is connected with the positive pole of the diode rectifier circuit, and the positive pole of the freewheeling diode is connected with the negative pole of the diode rectifier circuit; the two ends of the voltage sampling circuit, the energy storage capacitor and the internal discharge circuit are respectively connected with the two poles of the diode rectifier circuit connected.
进一步地，晶闸管桥式输出电路由四个晶闸管输出单元通过电桥方式连接构成，由四个晶闸管输出单元构成的电桥的两个相对端点分别连接二极管整流电路的两极，另外两个相对端点分别作为正极输出端和负极输出端；Further, the thyristor bridge output circuit is composed of four thyristor output units connected through a bridge, and the two opposite ends of the bridge formed by the four thyristor output units are respectively connected to the two poles of the diode rectifier circuit, and the other two opposite ends are respectively As a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal;
每个晶闸管输出单元均包括两个串联的晶闸管输出子单元，每个晶闸管输出子单元包括三线并联元器件，其中第一线并联元器件包括一个电阻；第二线并联元器件包括依次串联的两个电容和一个电阻；第三线并联元器件包括一个晶闸管。Each thyristor output unit includes two thyristor output sub-units connected in series, and each thyristor output sub-unit includes three-wire parallel components, wherein the first-line parallel component includes a resistor; the second-line parallel component includes two sequentially connected in series capacitor and a resistor; the third-wire parallel component consists of a thyristor.
提供一种用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置的发生方法，其包括以下步骤：A method for generating an electromagnetic field coupling generating device for electromagnetic strengthening treatment is provided, which includes the following steps:
S1、通过电压采样电路获取蓄能电容两端的电压值；S1. Obtain the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor through a voltage sampling circuit;
S2、将蓄能电容两端的电压值与设定值进行比较，采用PI反馈方法生成控制信号控制晶闸管移相触发单元，直至蓄能电容获取符合设定要求的电压值；S2. Comparing the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor with the set value, using the PI feedback method to generate a control signal to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit, until the energy storage capacitor obtains a voltage value that meets the set requirements;
S3、根据电磁强化处理对象的材料获取其磁场强度值B1；S3. Obtain the magnetic field strength value B1 according to the material of the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object;
S4、启动电磁发生器进行放磁，当放磁阶段的磁场强度大于磁场强度值B1时，通过晶闸管同步触发单元控制晶闸管桥式输出电路，使脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流；S4. Start the electromagnetic generator to perform magnetization. When the magnetic field intensity in the magnetization stage is greater than the magnetic field intensity value B1, the thyristor bridge output circuit is controlled by the thyristor synchronous trigger unit, so that the pulse electric field generator releases pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object;
S5、当放磁阶段的磁场强度衰减到磁场强度值B1时，停止脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流，结束单次电磁强化处理。S5. When the magnetic field intensity in the magnetizing stage decays to the magnetic field intensity value B1, stop the pulse electric field generator from releasing the pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object, and end the single electromagnetic strengthening treatment.
进一步地，步骤S4中使脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流的具体方法为：Further, in step S4, the specific method of making the pulse electric field generator release the pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object is as follows:
通过切换不同脉冲电场发生器或通过切换不同的变压器副边在磁场强度大于B1时的放磁阶段中按照0.01～10ms的单个电脉冲作用时间、0.1～5秒的相邻两个电脉冲的间隔时间进行放电。By switching different pulse electric field generators or by switching different secondary sides of transformers, in the magnetization stage when the magnetic field strength is greater than B1, the action time of a single electric pulse is 0.01-10ms, and the interval between two adjacent electric pulses is 0.1-5 seconds. time to discharge.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、控制回路通过高压端电压采样电容端电压，与设定值比较后通过PI反馈和晶闸管移相触发单元，实现预设电压的稳压控制；输出部分则通过事先设定，可以以PLC来控制对应的正向或反向的晶闸管导通输出，通过配套高速脉冲电流传感器和脉冲磁场测量仪，可实时监控设备输出的电场和磁场强度波形，以便实现电场、磁场大小的准确调控。另外脉冲电场发生源包括多个线圈，且每个线圈均可独立激发脉冲方向、脉冲宽度及峰值电压可调的脉冲电流，通过相应的控制便可以达到更佳的电场与磁场耦合效果。1. The control loop samples the capacitor terminal voltage through the high-voltage terminal voltage, and compares it with the set value through PI feedback and thyristor phase-shift trigger unit to realize the voltage regulation control of the preset voltage; the output part is set in advance and can be controlled by PLC. Control the corresponding forward or reverse thyristor conduction output, and through the supporting high-speed pulse current sensor and pulse magnetic field measuring instrument, the electric field and magnetic field strength waveform output by the equipment can be monitored in real time, so as to realize the accurate regulation of the electric field and magnetic field. In addition, the pulse electric field generating source includes multiple coils, and each coil can independently excite a pulse current with adjustable pulse direction, pulse width and peak voltage, and a better electric field and magnetic field coupling effect can be achieved through corresponding control.
2、由于本发明实现了更加完善的电磁耦合效果，减少了不必要的脉冲电流作用时间，大大节约了资源且降低了试件氧化的可能。此外，已有研究表明，高能脉冲电磁外场能更快促使金属中高能态原子运动至新的平衡位置、降低系统自由能。因此本发明可在合金热处理强化、机械强化、表面强化的基础上，改善材料微观不均匀性，进一步提升金属抗拉强度、断裂韧性和疲劳强度。2. Since the present invention achieves a more complete electromagnetic coupling effect, unnecessary pulse current action time is reduced, resources are greatly saved and the possibility of specimen oxidation is reduced. In addition, previous studies have shown that the high-energy pulsed electromagnetic field can move the high-energy atoms in the metal to a new equilibrium position faster and reduce the free energy of the system. Therefore, the present invention can improve the microscopic inhomogeneity of the material on the basis of heat treatment strengthening, mechanical strengthening and surface strengthening of the alloy, and further improve the tensile strength, fracture toughness and fatigue strength of the metal.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为脉冲电场发生器的电路结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of pulsed electric field generator;
图2为本方法的流程示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述，以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明，但应该清楚，本发明不限于具体实施方式的范围，对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲，只要各种变化在所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内，这些变化是显而易见的，一切利用本发明构思的发明创造均在保护之列。The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes Within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are included in the protection list.
如图1所示，该用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置包括高速脉冲电流传感器、脉冲磁场测量仪、电磁发生器和至少一个脉冲电场发生器；As shown in Figure 1, the electromagnetic field coupling generating device for electromagnetic strengthening treatment includes a high-speed pulse current sensor, a pulse magnetic field measuring instrument, an electromagnetic generator and at least one pulse electric field generator;
电磁发生器，用于产生磁场；an electromagnetic generator for generating a magnetic field;
脉冲电场发生器，用于在电磁发生器产生的磁场达到设定值时产生直流电压；包括一端与外部三相电源相连的总开关，总开关的另一端依次连接晶闸管移相调压电路、变压器和二极管整流电路，二极管整流电路的输出端并联有电压采样电路、内部放电电路、蓄能电容、续流二极管和晶闸管桥式输出电路；晶闸管移相调压电路的受控端连接晶闸管移相触发单元，晶闸管移相触发单元的受控端连接PI调节器，PI调节器连接主控器；晶闸管桥式输出电路的受控端连接晶闸管同步触发单元，晶闸管同步触发单元连接主控器；电压采样电路连接主控器；其中：The pulsed electric field generator is used to generate a DC voltage when the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic generator reaches the set value; it includes a main switch connected to an external three-phase power supply at one end, and the other end of the main switch is connected to a thyristor phase-shifting voltage regulation circuit and a transformer in turn And the diode rectifier circuit, the output end of the diode rectifier circuit is connected in parallel with a voltage sampling circuit, an internal discharge circuit, an energy storage capacitor, a freewheeling diode and a thyristor bridge output circuit; unit, the controlled end of the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit is connected to the PI regulator, and the PI regulator is connected to the main controller; the controlled end of the thyristor bridge output circuit is connected to the thyristor synchronous trigger unit, and the thyristor synchronous trigger unit is connected to the main controller; voltage sampling The circuit is connected to the main controller; where:
晶闸管移相调压电路，用于通过晶闸管调节外部三相电源每一相的通断，稳定进入后续部件的电压；The thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit is used to adjust the on-off of each phase of the external three-phase power supply through the thyristor, and stabilize the voltage entering the subsequent components;
变压器，用于改变进入后续部件的电压值；Transformers for changing the value of the voltage entering the subsequent components;
电压采样电路，用于采集蓄能电容两端的电压值，并反馈给主控器；The voltage sampling circuit is used to collect the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor and feed it back to the main controller;
内部放电电路，用于内部放电，保护脉冲电场发生器中其余部件；The internal discharge circuit is used for internal discharge and protects other components in the pulse electric field generator;
晶闸管移相触发单元，用于控制晶闸管移相调压电路中晶闸管的通断；The thyristor phase-shift trigger unit is used to control the on-off of the thyristor in the thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit;
晶闸管桥式输出电路，用于通过控制晶闸管的通断对输出电压进行移相；The thyristor bridge output circuit is used to shift the phase of the output voltage by controlling the on-off of the thyristor;
晶闸管同步触发单元，用于控制晶闸管桥式输出电路中晶闸管的通断；The thyristor synchronous trigger unit is used to control the on-off of the thyristor in the thyristor bridge output circuit;
主控器，用于控制晶闸管移相触发单元；用于根据电压采样电路的反馈值控制晶闸管移相触发单元。The main controller is used to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit; and is used to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit according to the feedback value of the voltage sampling circuit.
高速脉冲电流传感器和脉冲磁场测量仪分别用于测量电流大小和磁场强度，便于耦合时机的掌控。The high-speed pulse current sensor and the pulse magnetic field measuring instrument are used to measure the magnitude of the current and the strength of the magnetic field respectively, which is convenient for controlling the coupling timing.
电磁发生器包括直流电源和聚磁螺线管；其中聚磁螺线管的磁场强度为0～9T，磁脉冲频率为0.3～2Hz，相邻两个磁脉冲的间隔时间为0.1～5秒；脉冲电场发生器的脉冲电流密度为10～3×103A/mm2，单个电脉冲作用时间为0.01～10ms，相邻两个电脉冲的间隔时间为0.1～5秒。The electromagnetic generator includes a DC power supply and a magnetism-gathering solenoid; the magnetic field strength of the magnetism-gathering solenoid is 0-9T, the magnetic pulse frequency is 0.3-2Hz, and the interval between two adjacent magnetic pulses is 0.1-5 seconds; The pulse current density of the pulse electric field generator is 10-3×10 3 A/mm 2 , the action time of a single electric pulse is 0.01-10 ms, and the interval between two adjacent electric pulses is 0.1-5 seconds.
晶闸管移相调压电路包括三组结构相同的晶闸管移相调压单元，每组晶闸管移相调压单元与三相电源的一相相连；每组晶闸管移相调压单元均包括并联的谐振电路和两个晶闸管，同一个晶闸管移相调压单元中的两个晶闸管反向设置；晶闸管移相调压电路中的每个晶闸管的受控端均分别与晶闸管移相触发单元相连。The thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation circuit includes three groups of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units with the same structure, and each group of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units is connected to one phase of the three-phase power supply; each group of thyristor phase-shift voltage regulation units includes a parallel resonant circuit and two thyristors, and the two thyristors in the same thyristor phase-shifting voltage regulation unit are set oppositely; the controlled end of each thyristor in the thyristor phase-shifting voltage regulation circuit is respectively connected with the thyristor phase-shifting trigger unit.
晶闸管移相调压单元中的晶闸管均为阴极受控单向晶闸管；谐振电路包括串联的电阻和电容。The thyristors in the thyristor phase-shifting voltage regulation unit are all cathode-controlled one-way thyristors; the resonant circuit includes series resistance and capacitance.
变压器包括三个副边线圈；二极管整流电路包括三组二极管整流单元；每个二极管整流单元的输入端与一个变压器副边线圈相连；每个二极管整流单元均包括六个串联的二极管，二极管整流单元的输入端位于其第三个二极管与第四个二极管之间；三组二极管整流单元的末尾三个负极端口相连并作为二极管整流电路的正极，三组二极管整流单元的起始三个正极端口相连并作为二极管整流电路的负极。The transformer includes three secondary coils; the diode rectification circuit includes three sets of diode rectification units; the input end of each diode rectification unit is connected to a transformer secondary coil; each diode rectification unit includes six diodes in series, and the diode rectification unit The input end of the diode is located between the third diode and the fourth diode; the last three negative terminals of the three groups of diode rectification units are connected and used as the positive poles of the diode rectification circuit, and the first three positive terminals of the three groups of diode rectification units are connected And as the negative pole of the diode rectifier circuit.
续流二极管的负极与二极管整流电路的正极相连，续流二极管的正极与二极管整流电路的负极相连；电压采样电路、蓄能电容和内部放电电路的两端分别与二极管整流电路的两极相连。The negative pole of the freewheeling diode is connected to the positive pole of the diode rectifier circuit, and the positive pole of the freewheeling diode is connected to the negative pole of the diode rectifier circuit; the two ends of the voltage sampling circuit, the energy storage capacitor and the internal discharge circuit are respectively connected to the two poles of the diode rectifier circuit.
闸管桥式输出电路由四个晶闸管输出单元通过电桥方式连接构成，由四个晶闸管输出单元构成的电桥的两个相对端点分别连接二极管整流电路的两极，另外两个相对端点分别作为正极输出端和负极输出端；The thyristor bridge output circuit is composed of four thyristor output units connected through a bridge. The two opposite terminals of the bridge composed of four thyristor output units are respectively connected to the two poles of the diode rectifier circuit, and the other two opposite terminals are respectively used as positive poles. output terminal and negative output terminal;
每个晶闸管输出单元均包括两个串联的晶闸管输出子单元，每个晶闸管输出子单元包括三线并联元器件，其中第一线并联元器件包括一个电阻；第二线并联元器件包括依次串联的两个电容和一个电阻；第三线并联元器件包括一个晶闸管。Each thyristor output unit includes two thyristor output sub-units connected in series, and each thyristor output sub-unit includes three-wire parallel components, wherein the first-line parallel component includes a resistor; the second-line parallel component includes two sequentially connected in series capacitor and a resistor; the third-wire parallel component consists of a thyristor.
如图2所示，该用于电磁强化处理的电磁场耦合发生装置的发生方法包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the generation method of the electromagnetic field coupling generating device for electromagnetic strengthening treatment includes the following steps:
S1、通过电压采样电路获取蓄能电容两端的电压值；S1. Obtain the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor through a voltage sampling circuit;
S2、将蓄能电容两端的电压值与设定值进行比较，采用PI反馈方法生成控制信号控制晶闸管移相触发单元，直至蓄能电容获取符合设定要求的电压值；S2. Comparing the voltage value at both ends of the energy storage capacitor with the set value, using the PI feedback method to generate a control signal to control the thyristor phase-shift trigger unit, until the energy storage capacitor obtains a voltage value that meets the set requirements;
S3、根据电磁强化处理对象的材料获取其磁场强度值B1；S3. Obtain the magnetic field strength value B1 according to the material of the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object;
S4、启动电磁发生器进行放磁，当放磁阶段的磁场强度大于磁场强度值B1时，通过晶闸管同步触发单元控制晶闸管桥式输出电路，使脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流；S4. Start the electromagnetic generator to perform magnetization. When the magnetic field intensity in the magnetization stage is greater than the magnetic field intensity value B1, the thyristor bridge output circuit is controlled by the thyristor synchronous trigger unit, so that the pulse electric field generator releases pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object;
S5、当放磁阶段的磁场强度衰减到磁场强度值B1时，停止脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流，结束单次电磁强化处理。S5. When the magnetic field intensity in the magnetizing stage decays to the magnetic field intensity value B1, stop the pulse electric field generator from releasing the pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object, and end the single electromagnetic strengthening treatment.
步骤S4中使脉冲电场发生器对电磁强化处理对象释放脉冲电流的具体方法为：通过切换不同脉冲电场发生器或通过切换不同的变压器副边在磁场强度大于B1时的放磁阶段中按照0.01～10ms的单个电脉冲作用时间、0.1～5秒的相邻两个电脉冲的间隔时间进行放电。In step S4, the specific method of making the pulse electric field generator release the pulse current to the electromagnetic strengthening treatment object is: by switching different pulse electric field generators or by switching different secondary sides of the transformer in the magnetizing stage when the magnetic field strength is greater than B1, according to 0.01～ Discharge is performed with a single electric pulse action time of 10 ms and an interval between two adjacent electric pulses of 0.1 to 5 seconds.
在具体实施过程中，外部三相电源采用380B交流电，通过变压器升压、二极管整流和恒压控制，可以形成1500V或2500V的高压直流电压，并把电能存储在蓄能电容中，便于后续放电。In the specific implementation process, the external three-phase power supply adopts 380B AC. Through transformer boosting, diode rectification and constant voltage control, a high-voltage DC voltage of 1500V or 2500V can be formed, and the electric energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor for subsequent discharge.
一个磁脉冲工作周期包含充磁和放磁两个阶段，其中充磁时长占比很大，通常充磁时间会占据90％的时间，放磁时磁场强度由0平滑增长至峰值，随后平滑下降为0(类似于半个正弦波的形状，横轴为时间t，纵轴为磁场强度B)。为了使样品处理效果尽可能显著，故在放磁阶段人为选定一固定的磁场强度值B1(通常根据被处理材料的磁性能得到)，以大于该磁场强度B1的磁场持续时间称为磁场有效作用时间(t2-t1)，本发明把该强度值作为有效磁场处理强度(在t2-t1时间段内，大于B1的磁场强度作为有效磁场处理强度)。A magnetic pulse duty cycle includes two stages of magnetization and demagnetization, in which the magnetization time takes a large proportion, usually 90% of the time for magnetization, and the magnetic field strength increases smoothly from 0 to the peak value during demagnetization, and then decreases smoothly is 0 (similar to the shape of a half sine wave, the horizontal axis is time t, and the vertical axis is magnetic field strength B). In order to make the sample processing effect as remarkable as possible, a fixed magnetic field strength value B1 (usually obtained according to the magnetic properties of the material to be processed) is artificially selected in the magnetizing stage, and the duration of the magnetic field greater than the magnetic field strength B1 is called the effective magnetic field. Action time (t2-t1), the present invention regards this intensity value as the effective magnetic field processing intensity (in the time period t2-t1, the magnetic field intensity greater than B1 is regarded as the effective magnetic field processing intensity).
考虑到磁场电源为间断性放电，即一个周期内较长时间为充磁阶段，而放磁过程时间极短，为了更好地实现电场和磁场的耦合，本发明在磁场放磁时的磁场有效作用时间内(t2-t1)，同时释放通过蓄能电容蓄能后的脉冲电流，以形成瞬态脉冲电场。本发明通过精确控制脉冲磁场与脉冲电场的时间配合关系，达到瞬时强磁场与强电场共存的效果，从而实现对零部件的电磁外场耦合处理。Considering that the magnetic field power supply is an intermittent discharge, that is, a longer period of time in one cycle is the magnetization stage, and the time of the demagnetization process is extremely short. In order to better realize the coupling of the electric field and the magnetic field, the magnetic field of the present invention is effective when the magnetic field is demagnetized. During the action time (t2-t1), the pulse current after energy storage by the energy storage capacitor is released at the same time to form a transient pulse electric field. The invention achieves the coexistence effect of the instantaneous strong magnetic field and the strong electric field by precisely controlling the time matching relationship between the pulsed magnetic field and the pulsed electric field, thereby realizing the electromagnetic external field coupling processing of components.
此外，现有设备在夹持样品时采用的是液压推动方式(采用液压缸活塞杆与电极固定，在通过电极夹持样品时，电极能够便于通入电场，同时液压活塞杆会一直挤压样品，当通电一段时间后，样品的温度会升高并软化，液压活塞杆的持续挤压会让样品变形)，通过持续提供压力来固定样品，但样品经过电磁处理时温度骤升，金属在瞬时高温下存在软化现象，此时液压持续提供压力，可能导致样品产生微小形变。本发明将液压推动方式替换为伺服电机进行驱动，通过伺服电机控制丝杠转动来驱动丝杠螺母沿着丝杠轴向移动，并可以在任意位置停留并保持，因此不会挤压样品，再配合压力传感器和红外测温仪，可在处理过程中实时监测样品的温度和夹持压力值，以加强对实验进程的监控以及避免样品因夹持因素导致形变。In addition, the existing equipment uses a hydraulic push method when clamping the sample (the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the electrode, and when the sample is clamped by the electrode, the electrode can be easily connected to the electric field, and the hydraulic piston rod will always squeeze the sample. , when energized for a period of time, the temperature of the sample will rise and soften, and the continuous extrusion of the hydraulic piston rod will deform the sample), and the sample is fixed by continuously providing pressure, but the temperature of the sample rises suddenly when the sample is electromagnetically treated, and the metal in an instant Softening occurs at high temperatures, where hydraulic pressure continues to provide pressure, which may cause small deformations of the sample. The present invention replaces the hydraulic push method with a servo motor for driving, and the servo motor controls the rotation of the screw to drive the screw nut to move along the axial direction of the screw, and can stay and hold at any position, so the sample will not be squeezed, and then Cooperating with pressure sensor and infrared thermometer, the temperature and clamping pressure value of the sample can be monitored in real time during the processing process, so as to strengthen the monitoring of the experimental process and avoid the deformation of the sample due to clamping factors.
采用本发明的具体电磁强化处理方式为：Adopt the specific electromagnetic strengthening treatment mode of the present invention to be:
若待修复的金属材料基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以线缺陷塞积形成的局部微裂纹萌生核，则选择线圈全部激发正向脉冲电流并确定峰值电压，根据有效磁场处理时间确定激发脉冲电场线圈的个数、脉冲宽度后，启动本装置，金属材料在电磁耦合处理5-30s后，即可完成对金属材料内部微观缺陷的修复；If the internal microscopic defect configuration of the metal material matrix to be repaired is mainly a local microcrack initiation nucleus formed by the accumulation of line defects, select all the coils to excite the forward pulse current and determine the peak voltage, and determine the excitation pulse electric field according to the effective magnetic field processing time After the number of coils and the pulse width, start the device, and the metal material can complete the repair of the internal microscopic defects of the metal material after 5-30s of electromagnetic coupling treatment;
若待修复的金属材料基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以面缺陷构成的微裂纹萌生核，选择线圈全部激发负向脉冲电流并确定峰值电压，并根据有效磁场处理时间确定激发脉冲电场线圈的个数、脉冲宽度后，启动本装置，金属材料在电磁耦合处理5-30s后，即可完成对金属材料内部微观缺陷的修复；If the internal micro-defect configuration of the metal material matrix to be repaired mainly consists of micro-crack initiation nuclei composed of surface defects, select all the coils to excite the negative pulse current and determine the peak voltage, and determine the number of coils that excite the pulse electric field according to the effective magnetic field processing time. After counting and pulse width, start the device, and after the metal material is electromagnetically coupled for 5-30s, the repair of the internal microscopic defects of the metal material can be completed;
若待修复的金属材料为铁磁性材料且基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以线缺陷塞积形成的局部微裂纹萌生核，选择线圈激发正负向交错脉冲电流并确定峰值电压，并根据有效磁场处理时间确定激发脉冲电场线圈的个数、脉冲宽度后，启动本装置，金属材料在电磁耦合处理5-30s后，即可完成对金属材料内部微观缺陷的修复。If the metal material to be repaired is a ferromagnetic material and the microscopic defect configuration inside the matrix is mainly a local microcrack initiation nucleus formed by the accumulation of line defects, the coil is selected to excite positive and negative alternating pulse currents and the peak voltage is determined, and according to the effective magnetic field Processing time After determining the number and pulse width of excitation pulse electric field coils, start the device, and the metal material can be repaired for internal microscopic defects after 5-30 seconds of electromagnetic coupling treatment.
在设备运行前，可以预先设定好脉冲电场的正负相电流、脉冲宽度及峰值电压(通过主控器上的液晶屏输入)，选定脉冲磁场的峰值磁场强度B2和有效磁场处理强度值B1。设备开始运行时，脉冲磁场和脉冲电场均处于充能状态(充磁和电容蓄能)，在磁场充磁完毕后放磁阶段开启，磁场快速升至有效磁场处理强度B1，此时，可根据实际需求(被处理材料对脉冲电场的需求)提供既定的脉冲电流。由于脉冲电流发生线圈的运行个数，以及其正负相位、脉冲宽度、峰值电压均可在全周期内进行独立调节，故此可以提供多种处理方案，现仅以三种方案为例来进行具体说明，为了更好阐述方案的实施，将运行线圈(运行线圈可以为变压器副边数或脉冲电场发生器的数量)拟定为四个，并将四个线圈依次编号为线圈1，线圈2，线圈3，线圈4。Before the operation of the equipment, the positive and negative phase currents, pulse width and peak voltage of the pulse electric field can be preset (input through the LCD screen on the main controller), and the peak magnetic field intensity B2 and the effective magnetic field processing intensity value of the pulsed magnetic field can be selected B1. When the equipment starts to operate, both the pulsed magnetic field and the pulsed electric field are in the charging state (magnetization and capacitive energy storage). After the magnetic field is magnetized, the demagnetization stage starts, and the magnetic field quickly rises to the effective magnetic field processing intensity B1. At this time, according to The actual demand (the demand of the processed material for the pulse electric field) provides a predetermined pulse current. Since the operating number of pulse current generating coils, as well as its positive and negative phases, pulse width, and peak voltage can be independently adjusted in the whole cycle, it can provide a variety of processing solutions, and now only three solutions are used as examples for specific Note, in order to better illustrate the implementation of the scheme, four operating coils (operating coils can be the number of secondary sides of the transformer or the number of pulse electric field generators) are drawn up, and the four coils are numbered as coil 1, coil 2, and coil 3, Coil 4.
方案一：Option One:
电磁发生器经过0.1～5s的充磁达到放磁条件，开始放磁。随着放磁达到有效磁场处理强度B后，如果磁场有效作用时间大于脉冲电流发生器所激发的单个脉冲电流脉宽的4倍，故在此磁场有效作用时间内，每个线圈均可激发脉冲区间不重合的脉冲电流以形成瞬态电场。线圈1激发正向脉冲电流，在线圈1结束后，线圈2激发正向脉冲电流，依此类推，直至线圈4激发脉冲结束，磁场强度降至B，随后磁场强度小于有效磁场强度，故而无需再进行电磁耦合，直至磁场放磁结束，进入下一个磁处理周期的充磁阶段，再次循环该过程。该方案实现了在一个磁脉冲的有效作用时间内，依次完整施加了四次正向脉冲电场，达到了电磁耦合的效果。The electromagnetic generator reaches the demagnetization condition after 0.1-5s of magnetization, and starts to demagnetize. As the magnetization reaches the effective magnetic field processing intensity B, if the effective time of the magnetic field is greater than 4 times the pulse width of a single pulse current excited by the pulse current generator, so within the effective time of the magnetic field, each coil can excite a pulse Pulse currents whose intervals do not overlap to form a transient electric field. Coil 1 excites forward pulse current, after coil 1 ends, coil 2 excites forward pulse current, and so on, until the end of coil 4 excitation pulse, the magnetic field strength drops to B, and then the magnetic field strength is less than the effective magnetic field strength, so there is no need to Carry out electromagnetic coupling until the end of magnetic field demagnetization, enter the magnetization stage of the next magnetic treatment cycle, and cycle the process again. This solution realizes that within the effective action time of one magnetic pulse, four positive pulse electric fields are applied sequentially, achieving the effect of electromagnetic coupling.
方案二：Option II:
电磁发生器经过0.1～5s的充磁达到放磁条件，开始放磁。随着放磁达到有效磁场处理强度B后，如果磁场有效作用时间大于脉冲电流发生器所激发的单个脉冲电流脉宽的4倍，故在此磁场有效作用时间内，每个线圈均可激发脉冲区间不重合的脉冲电流以形成瞬态电场。线圈1激发正向脉冲电流，在线圈1结束后，线圈2激发反向脉冲电流，线圈2脉冲结束后，线圈3激发正向脉冲电流，线圈3脉冲结束后，线圈4激发反向脉冲电流，脉冲电流发生器4脉冲结束后，磁场强度降至B，随后磁场强度小于有效磁场强度，故而不再进行电磁耦合，直至磁场放磁结束，进入下一个磁处理周期的充磁阶段，再次循环该过程。该方案实现了在一个磁脉冲的有效作用时间内，依次完整施加了两次正反向脉冲电场，达到了电磁耦合的效果。The electromagnetic generator reaches the demagnetization condition after 0.1-5s of magnetization, and starts to demagnetize. As the magnetization reaches the effective magnetic field processing intensity B, if the effective time of the magnetic field is greater than 4 times the pulse width of a single pulse current excited by the pulse current generator, so within the effective time of the magnetic field, each coil can excite a pulse Pulse currents whose intervals do not overlap to form a transient electric field. Coil 1 excites forward pulse current, after coil 1 ends, coil 2 excites reverse pulse current, after coil 2 pulse ends, coil 3 excites forward pulse current, after coil 3 pulse ends, coil 4 excites reverse pulse current, After the pulse of the pulse current generator 4 ends, the magnetic field strength drops to B, and then the magnetic field strength is less than the effective magnetic field strength, so the electromagnetic coupling is no longer performed until the magnetic field discharge ends, and the magnetization stage of the next magnetic treatment cycle is entered, and the cycle is repeated. process. This solution realizes that within the effective action time of one magnetic pulse, two forward and reverse pulse electric fields are applied sequentially, achieving the effect of electromagnetic coupling.
方案三：third solution:
电磁发生器经过0.1～5s的充磁达到放磁条件，开始放磁。随着放磁达到有效磁场处理强度B后，如果磁场有效作用时间大于脉冲电流发生器所激发的单个脉冲电流脉宽的2倍，故在此磁场有效作用时间内，任意两个线圈均可激发脉冲区间不重合的脉冲电流以形成瞬态电场。线圈1激发正向脉冲电流，在线圈1结束后，线圈3激发反向脉冲电流，线圈3脉冲结束后，磁场强度降至B，随后磁场强度小于有效磁场强度，故而不再进行电磁耦合，直至磁场放磁结束，进入下一个磁处理周期的充磁阶段，再次循环该过程。该方案实现了在一个磁脉冲的有效作用时间内，依次完整施加了一次正反向脉冲电场，达到了电磁耦合的效果。方案三中线圈2、线圈4不参与工作。The electromagnetic generator reaches the demagnetization condition after 0.1-5s of magnetization, and starts to demagnetize. As the magnetization reaches the effective magnetic field processing intensity B, if the effective time of the magnetic field is greater than twice the pulse width of a single pulse current excited by the pulse current generator, so within the effective time of the magnetic field, any two coils can be excited Pulse currents with non-overlapping pulse intervals to form transient electric fields. Coil 1 excites forward pulse current. After coil 1 ends, coil 3 excites reverse pulse current. After coil 3 pulse ends, the magnetic field strength drops to B, and then the magnetic field strength is less than the effective magnetic field strength, so electromagnetic coupling is no longer performed until After the magnetization of the magnetic field is over, the magnetization phase of the next magnetic treatment cycle is entered, and the process is cycled again. This scheme realizes that within the effective action time of a magnetic pulse, a forward and reverse pulse electric field is applied sequentially, achieving the effect of electromagnetic coupling. Coil 2 and coil 4 do not participate in the work in scheme three.
基于以上方案阐述，本申请提供如下具体实施例：Based on the above scheme, the application provides the following specific embodiments:
具体实施例一：Specific embodiment one:
取某工厂生产的YG6牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材，该硬质合金棒材其内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为2.5T，有效磁场时间为20ms，频率1Hz，单个脉冲间歇为1s；采用四个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为10A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率1Hz，单个脉冲间隔1s；整个处理时间30s。结果表明，修复后硬质合金棒材的硬度为HRA93.4，较修复前的硬度HRA88.9提高了5.06％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为2156MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度1972MPa提高了9.33％，显改善了该型号硬质合金棒材的力学强度性能。Take the YG6 grade cemented carbide produced by a factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The internal microscopic defect configuration of the cemented carbide rod mainly consists of stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase interfaces Surface defects constitute microcrack initiation nuclei. Driven by a servo motor, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 2.5T, the effective magnetic field time to 20ms, the frequency to 1Hz, and the single pulse interval to 1s; four coils are used to excite pulses in sequence Current, the pulse current density is 10A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 5ms, the frequency is 1Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 1s; the whole processing time is 30s. The results show that the hardness of the cemented carbide rod after repair is HRA93.4, which is 5.06% higher than the hardness HRA88.9 before repair; The strength of 1972MPa has increased by 9.33%, which has significantly improved the mechanical strength performance of this type of hard alloy rod.
具体实施例二：Specific embodiment two:
取某厂生产的YG6牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材，该硬质合金棒材其内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为4T，有效磁场时间为20ms，频率1Hz，单个脉冲间歇为1s；采用四个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为15A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率1Hz，单个脉冲间隔1s。结果显示，较修复前的硬度HRA88.3提高5.32％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为2161MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度1973MPa提高9.52％，总耗时22s，较达到相近修复条件的低压相比，效率提高了26.7％。Take the YG6 grade cemented carbide produced by a certain factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The internal microscopic defect configuration of the cemented carbide rod mainly includes stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase interfaces Surface defects constitute microcrack initiation nuclei. Use the servo motor to drive the clamp, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 4T, the effective magnetic field time to 20ms, the frequency to 1Hz, and the single pulse interval to 1s; four coils are used to stimulate the pulse current in sequence , the pulse current density is 15A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 5ms, the frequency is 1Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 1s. The results show that the hardness HRA88.3 before repair is 5.32% higher than that before repair; the bending strength of cemented carbide rod after repair is 2161MPa, which is 9.52% higher than the bending strength before repair of 1973MPa, and the total time is 22s, which is similar to the repair Compared with the low pressure condition, the efficiency increased by 26.7%.
具体实施例三：Specific embodiment three:
取某工厂生产的YG8牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材,，该硬质合金棒材其内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为2.5T有效磁场时间为10ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为0.5s；采用三个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为15A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔1s；整个处理时间30s。结果表明，修复后硬质合金棒材的硬度为HRA93.1，较修复前的硬度HRA87.2提高了6.77％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为1737MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度1501MPa提高了15.72％，明显改善了该型号硬质合金棒材的力学强度性能。Take the YG8 grade cemented carbide produced by a factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The internal microscopic defect configuration of the cemented carbide rod mainly consists of stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase interfaces The isoplanar defects constitute the microcrack initiation nuclei. Use servo motor to drive clamping, place it in this device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 2.5T, the effective magnetic field time is 10ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 0.5s; three coils are used to excite pulses in sequence Current, the pulse current density is 15A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 1s; the whole processing time is 30s. The results show that the hardness of the cemented carbide rod after repair is HRA93.1, which is 6.77% higher than the hardness HRA87.2 before repair; The strength of 1501MPa is increased by 15.72%, which obviously improves the mechanical strength performance of this type of hard alloy rod.
具体实施例四：Specific embodiment four:
取某工厂生产的YG8牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材,，该硬质合金棒材其内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为4T有效磁场时间为10ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为0.5s；采用三个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为20A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔1s；修复后的硬质合金棒材的硬度为HRA93.6，较修复前的硬度HRA87.4提高了7.09％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为1742MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度1503MPa提高了15.9％，总耗时23s，较达到相近修复条件的低压相比，效率提高了23.3％。Take the YG8 grade cemented carbide produced by a factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The internal microscopic defect configuration of the cemented carbide rod mainly consists of stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase interfaces The isoplanar defects constitute the microcrack initiation nuclei. Use the servo motor to drive the clamp, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 4T, the effective magnetic field time is 10ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 0.5s; three coils are used to stimulate the pulse current in sequence , the pulse current density is 20A/mm 2 , the single pulse action time is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 1s; the hardness of the repaired cemented carbide rod is HRA93.6, which is higher than the hardness HRA87.4 before repair 7.09%; the bending strength of the cemented carbide bar after repairing is 1742MPa, which is 15.9% higher than the bending strength of 1503MPa before repairing, and the total time is 23s. .
具体实施例五：Specific embodiment five:
取某厂生产的YG15牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材，该硬质合金棒材为铁磁性材料且基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为2.5T有效磁场时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为0.5s；采用二个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为20A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为2.5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔0.5s；整个处理时间30s。结果表明，修复后硬质合金棒材的硬度为HRA90.1，较修复前的硬度HRA87提高了3.56％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为2402MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度2104MPa提高了14.16％，明显改善了该型号硬质合金棒材的力学强度性能。Take the YG15 grade cemented carbide produced by a certain factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The cemented carbide rod is a ferromagnetic material and the microscopic defect configuration inside the matrix mainly consists of stacking faults and subgrain boundaries. , phase interface and other surface defects constitute the micro-crack initiation nucleus. Use the servo motor to drive the clamping, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 2.5T, the effective magnetic field time is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 0.5s; two coils are used to stimulate the pulse in sequence Current, the pulse current density is 20A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 2.5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 0.5s; the whole processing time is 30s. The results show that the hardness of the cemented carbide rod after repair is HRA90.1, which is 3.56% higher than the hardness HRA87 before repair; the bending strength of the cemented carbide rod after repair is 2402MPa, which is 2104MPa before repair Increased by 14.16%, obviously improving the mechanical strength performance of this type of hard alloy rod.
具体实施例六：Specific embodiment six:
取某工厂生产的YG15牌号硬质合金，烧结制备为直径为10mm的硬质合金棒材，该硬质合金棒材为铁磁性材料且基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为4T有效磁场时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为0.5s；采用二个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为25A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为2.5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔0.5s；修复后硬质合金棒材的硬度为HRA89.5，较修复前的硬度HRA86.2提高了3.82％；修复后硬质合金棒材的抗弯强度为2404MPa，较修复前的抗弯强度2097MPa提高了14.64％，总耗时21s，较达到相近修复条件的低压相比，效率提高了30％.。Take the YG15 grade cemented carbide produced by a certain factory, and sinter it to prepare a cemented carbide rod with a diameter of 10mm. The cemented carbide rod is a ferromagnetic material and the microscopic defect configuration inside the matrix is mainly stacking faults, subgrain boundaries , phase interface and other surface defects constitute the micro-crack initiation nucleus. Use the servo motor to drive the clamp, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 4T, the effective magnetic field time is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 0.5s; two coils are used to stimulate the pulse current in sequence , the pulse current density is 25A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 2.5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 0.5s; the hardness of the cemented carbide rod after repair is HRA89.5, which is higher than the hardness HRA86.2 before repair The bending strength of the cemented carbide bar after repairing is 2404MPa, which is 14.64% higher than the bending strength of 2097MPa before repairing, and the total time is 21s. Compared with the low pressure of similar repairing conditions, the efficiency has increased by 30 %..
具体实施例七：Specific embodiment seven:
取某工厂生产的牌号为YG6的硬质合金板材，利用线切割制成150*30*5mm的光洁表面板材共15块，该硬质合金板块为铁磁性材料且基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为3T有效磁场时间为10ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为1s；采用两个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为15A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔0.5s；整个处理时间45s。结果表明，用sigma-B型涡流电导率仪对修复前后的电导率进行检测，修复前平均电导率1.64MS/m，经过修复后的平均电导率为1.78MS/m，经过修复后硬质合金板的电导率提升了8.53％，表明材料内部微观缺陷被一定程度的修复。Take the cemented carbide plate with the brand YG6 produced by a factory, and use wire cutting to make a total of 15 smooth surface plates of 150*30*5mm. The cemented carbide plate is a ferromagnetic material and the microscopic defect configuration inside the matrix is mainly Surface defects such as stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase boundaries constitute the microcrack initiation nuclei. Use the servo motor to drive the clamping, put it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 3T, the effective magnetic field time is 10ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 1s; two coils are used to stimulate the pulse current sequentially, The pulse current density is 15A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 0.5s; the whole processing time is 45s. The results show that the electrical conductivity before and after the repair is tested with a sigma-B eddy current conductivity meter. The average conductivity before the repair is 1.64MS/m, and the average conductivity after the repair is 1.78MS/m. The electrical conductivity of the plate increased by 8.53%, indicating that the microscopic defects inside the material were repaired to a certain extent.
具体实施例八：Specific embodiment eight:
取某工厂生产的牌号为YG6的硬质合金板材，利用线切割制成150*30*5mm的光洁表面板材共15块，该硬质合金板块为铁磁性材料且基体内部微观缺陷组态中主要以层错，亚晶界、物相界面等面缺陷构成微裂纹萌生核。采用伺服电机驱动夹持，将其置于本装置中，打开电源，设定有效脉冲磁场强度为4T有效磁场时间为10ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间歇为1s；采用二个线圈依次激发脉冲电流，脉冲电流密度为20A/mm2，单个脉冲作用时间为5ms，频率2Hz，单个脉冲间隔0.5s，通过sigma-B型涡流电导率仪对修复前后的电导率进行检测，修复后硬平均电导率为1.79MS/m，较修复前平均电导率为1.65MS/m提高了8.48％，总耗时31s，较达到相近修复条件的低压相比，效率提高了31.1％。Take the cemented carbide plate with the brand YG6 produced by a factory, and use wire cutting to make a total of 15 smooth surface plates of 150*30*5mm. The cemented carbide plate is a ferromagnetic material and the microscopic defect configuration inside the matrix is mainly Surface defects such as stacking faults, subgrain boundaries, and phase boundaries constitute the microcrack initiation nuclei. Use the servo motor to drive the clamp, place it in the device, turn on the power, set the effective pulse magnetic field strength to 4T, the effective magnetic field time is 10ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the single pulse interval is 1s; two coils are used to stimulate the pulse current in sequence, The pulse current density is 20A/mm 2 , the action time of a single pulse is 5ms, the frequency is 2Hz, and the interval of a single pulse is 0.5s. The conductivity before and after the repair is tested by a sigma-B eddy current conductivity meter. The hard average conductivity after repair is 1.79MS/m, an increase of 8.48% compared with the average conductivity of 1.65MS/m before repairing, and the total time is 31s. Compared with the low pressure with similar repairing conditions, the efficiency has increased by 31.1%.
综上所述，由于本发明实现了更加完善的电磁耦合效果，减少了不必要的脉冲电流作用时间，大大节约了资源且降低了试件氧化的可能。此外，本发明可在合金热处理强化、机械强化、表面强化的基础上，改善材料微观不均匀性，进一步提升金属抗拉强度、断裂韧性和疲劳强度。To sum up, since the present invention achieves a more complete electromagnetic coupling effect, unnecessary pulse current action time is reduced, resources are greatly saved and the possibility of specimen oxidation is reduced. In addition, the invention can improve the microscopic inhomogeneity of the material on the basis of heat treatment strengthening, mechanical strengthening and surface strengthening of the alloy, and further improve the tensile strength, fracture toughness and fatigue strength of the metal.
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