CN114236933A - Optical attenuation sheet based on liquid crystal mixture and preparation method - Google Patents
Optical attenuation sheet based on liquid crystal mixture and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114236933A CN114236933A CN202111677072.6A CN202111677072A CN114236933A CN 114236933 A CN114236933 A CN 114236933A CN 202111677072 A CN202111677072 A CN 202111677072A CN 114236933 A CN114236933 A CN 114236933A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
- C09K19/601—Azoic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
- C09K19/603—Anthroquinonic
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture and a preparation method thereof, wherein the optical attenuation sheet comprises at least two transparent substrates, at least one liquid crystal box and an electro-optical material, the liquid crystal box is arranged between the two adjacent transparent substrates, the two liquid crystal boxes are formed by integrating two transparent conductive films through viscose, the two transparent conductive films are respectively positioned on the inner surfaces of the two adjacent transparent substrates, the electro-optical material is arranged in the liquid crystal box, the electro-optical material is formed by mixing a liquid crystal material, a chiral material and a doped material with absorption characteristics for light, and the two transparent conductive films of the liquid crystal box are connected with external voltage. The invention provides an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture, which has simple structure and manufacture, does not need a liquid crystal orientation layer, and can realize continuous attenuation of 2.56 multiplied by 10 of maximum amplitude in the prior art10Or higher and independent of the polarization state of the light, using very low voltages<25V, low cost and compact deviceAnd the volume is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical elements, in particular to an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The optical attenuation sheet is a basic optical element, and can be used for modulating the amplitude of light in any system needing to control the light intensity. The attenuation of light is mainly realized in the following ways: the intensity of transmitted light is changed by utilizing the absorption characteristics of a metal film, a dielectric film, a semiconductor film or a material with a certain thickness on light with different wavelengths. The surface reflection and reflection increasing film is used for realizing the attenuation of the transmitted light. The intensity of transmitted light is reduced by the polarizing plate. The photochromic material is used, that is, silver halide or organic photochromic molecules are added into glass or plastic, and the material absorbs visible light differently under strong light, normal light and weak light, so that the transmittance of the lens is changed. An electrochromic material is utilized. When voltage is applied to the electrochromic conducting polymer, the transmittance of the electrochromic conducting polymer changes along with the change of the voltage. In addition, some materials produce nonlinear absorption effect under strong laser irradiation, and the transmitted light intensity changes, but the phenomenon is not generally used as an optical attenuation sheet.
In practical applications, optical attenuation methods based on the first three effects are used the most. The attenuation coefficient of conventional optical attenuation sheets is fixed, e.g. 10-1,10-2,10-3,10-4And so on. Multiple discrete attenuation effects can be achieved with multiple patch combinations, but continuously adjustable dynamic attenuation cannot be achieved. In everyday life, a commodity based on optical attenuation elements that we commonly use is a variety of sunglasses. Most sunglasses are based on multilayer optical interference films or polarizers to reduce the intensity of transmitted light. Sunglasses are classified into five types according to the visible light transmittance according to the national standard (GB39552.1) of 2020, wherein the visible light transmittance of 0-type lenses, 1-type lenses, 2-type lenses, 3-type lenses and 4-type lenses is respectively the same>80%, 43% -80%, 18% -43%, 8% -18% and 3% -8%. In different application scenes, sunglasses with different transmittances need to be worn. Photochromic lenses are also commonly used in sunglasses, typically having a ratio of maximum to minimum transmission of around 4 and a relatively slow response, typically on the order of a few minutes. The contrast ratio of the electrochromic lens is usually about 10, and the response time is about 2 seconds.
Modern intelligent and energy-saving buildings and automobiles need to effectively control the light energy entering the room and the indoor temperature, reduce the use of air conditioners and enjoy outdoor beautiful scenery indoors. To achieve this goal, smart windows that respond automatically to ambient light, have a high transmittance contrast ratio, operate at low voltages, and are always transparent are needed.
The prior optical attenuation element lacks the technology which can realize continuous and adjustable transmittance, large contrast and quick response. Although continuously adjustable transmittance can be realized by using two cascaded polarizing plates, in the maximum transmittance state, the loss of light is large, and one polarizing plate needs to be mechanically rotated, so that the method is not suitable for many occasions. Nematic liquid crystal lenses using polarizers and electro-optical attenuation elements using other liquid crystal materials have been proposed, but some techniques have low contrast, low transmittance in the on state, and some techniques require application of a relatively large voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to invent an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture, which has a simple structure, can realize continuous attenuation of amplitude in a large range, is irrelevant to the polarization state of light, and has the advantages of low voltage, high response speed (100 milliseconds or higher) and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the application discloses optical attenuation piece based on liquid crystal mixture, including two piece at least transparent bases, at least one liquid crystal cell and electro-optic material, be equipped with the liquid crystal cell between two adjacent transparent bases, the liquid crystal cell passes through the viscose by two transparent conductive film and integrates, and two transparent conductive film are located the internal surface of two adjacent transparent bases respectively, be equipped with the electro-optic material in the liquid crystal cell, the electro-optic material is formed by liquid crystal material, chiral material and mixing to the doping material that has absorption characteristic, two transparent conductive film and the outside voltage phase of liquid crystal cell are connected.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optical material is ((1 (0.01-0.12)): 0.01-0.10).
Preferably, the viscose is internally provided with particles for controlling the thickness of the liquid crystal box, and the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 3-50 microns.
Preferably, the thickness of the transparent substrate material is 0.25-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the liquid crystal material is composed of four components
The four components are respectively mixed according to the proportion of 51%, 25%, 16% and 8%;
the molecular formula of the chiral material is as follows:
the doped absorption material is bicolor dye.
Preferably, the number of the transparent substrates is 3, and the number of the liquid crystal cells is 2.
Preferably, the number of the transparent substrates is 4, and the number of the liquid crystal cells is 3.
Preferably, the number of the transparent substrates is 5, and the number of the liquid crystal cells is 4.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the optical attenuation sheet based on the liquid crystal mixture, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mixing the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material, and stirring the mixture by using a stirring instrument to obtain a liquid crystal mixture material;
s2, raising the temperature of the heating table to be higher than the clearing point of the liquid crystal material, and placing the assembled transparent substrate and the assembled liquid crystal box on the heating table;
s3, injecting the liquid crystal mixture material from one end of the liquid crystal box until the liquid crystal mixture material is filled in the whole liquid crystal box, continuously placing the liquid crystal mixture material on a heating table, and reducing the temperature of the heating table to room temperature;
and S4, connecting the two transparent conductive films of the liquid crystal box with conducting wires respectively to obtain the optical attenuation sheet.
Preferably, the rate of temperature decrease of the heating stage in step S3 is 1 ℃/sec.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture, which is simple in structure and manufacture, does not need a liquid crystal molecular orientation layer, and can realize the prior effectMaximum range amplitude continuous attenuation in the field of 2.56 x 1010Or higher and independent of the polarization state of the light, using very low voltages<25V, low cost, compact device and small volume.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of voltage vs. transmittance for a single liquid crystal cell of experiment one of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the voltage dependence of transmittance of a single liquid crystal cell in experiment two of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of voltage vs. transmittance for a single liquid crystal cell of experiment three of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a component structural formula of the liquid gold material of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural formula of a chiral material of the present invention;
wherein: 1-transparent substrate, 2-transparent conductive film, 3-electro-optic material and 4-viscose.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture, including two transparent substrates 1, a liquid crystal cell and an electro-optical material 3, where the liquid crystal cell is disposed between two adjacent transparent substrates 1, the liquid crystal cell is integrated by two transparent conductive films 2 through an adhesive 4, the two transparent conductive films 2 are respectively located on inner surfaces of the two adjacent transparent substrates 1, the electro-optical material is disposed in the liquid crystal cell, the electro-optical material is formed by mixing a liquid crystal material, a chiral material and a doped material having an absorption characteristic for light, and the two transparent conductive films 2 of the liquid crystal cell are connected to an external voltage. The mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optical material is ((1 (0.01-0.12)): 0.01-0.10), particles for controlling the thickness of a liquid crystal box are arranged inside the viscose 4, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 3-50 microns, the thickness of the transparent substrate material is 0.25-0.5 mm, and the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the optical attenuation sheet can reach 400.
Example two:
referring to fig. 2, the technical features of the present embodiment are different from those of the first embodiment: the number of the transparent substrates 1 is 3, the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 2, and the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the optical attenuation sheet can reach 1.6 multiplied by 105。
Example three:
referring to fig. 3, the technical features of the present embodiment are different from those of the first embodiment: the number of the transparent substrates 1 is 4, the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 3, and the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the optical attenuation sheet can reach 6.4 multiplied by 107。
Example four:
referring to fig. 4, the technical features of the present embodiment are different from those of the first embodiment: the number of the transparent substrates 1 is 5, the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 4, and the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the minimum transmittance of the optical attenuation sheet can reach 2.56 multiplied by 1010。
The materials of the above embodiments one to four can be selected as follows:
one possible choice for the liquid crystal material is E7 from EMD Chemicals (Merck), which is made by mixing the components shown in FIG. 8 in proportions of 51%, 25%, 16% and 8%, respectively, other nematic liquid crystals are possible to achieve the object of the invention;
with regard to chiral materials, one possible choice is R811 or R5011 from EMD Chemicals (Merck), as an example, R811 has a molecular structure as shown in FIG. 9, and other chiral materials are possible to achieve the objectives of the present invention;
with respect to doping the absorbing material, one possible option is a dichroic dye.
Experiment one:
the mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optic material of the optical attenuation sheet in the experiment is 1:0.01:0.01, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 20 micrometers, when an external voltage is applied to the liquid crystal box, a relation graph of the voltage and the transmittance of a single liquid crystal box is measured and shown as 5, it can be known that the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the single liquid crystal box are 466 and 1.9 respectively within the range of 0-20V of the external voltage, and the contrast is higher than 200; experiment two:
the mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optic material of the optical attenuation sheet in the experiment is 1.1:0.12:0.10, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 20 micrometers, when an external voltage is applied to the liquid crystal box, a relation graph of the voltage and the transmittance of a single liquid crystal box is measured and shown as 6, it can be known that the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the single liquid crystal box are 523 and 1.6 respectively within the range of 0-20 volts of the external voltage, and the contrast is higher than 300;
experiment two:
the mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optic material of the optical attenuation sheet in the experiment is 1:0.06:0.05, the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 20 micrometers, and when an external voltage is applied to the liquid crystal box, a relation graph of the voltage and the transmittance of a single liquid crystal box is measured and shown in fig. 7, it can be known that the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance of the single liquid crystal box are 692 and 1.7 respectively within the range of 0-20 volts of the external voltage, and the contrast is higher than 400.
The manufacturing process of the optical attenuation sheet is as follows: mixing a liquid crystal material, a chiral material and a doped absorption material according to a certain mass ratio, and stirring by using a stirring instrument; raising the temperature of the heating table to be above a clearing point of the liquid crystal material, placing the assembled liquid crystal box on the heating table, injecting the liquid crystal mixture material from one end of the liquid crystal box by using a fine glass rod after 10 minutes, continuously placing the device on the heating table after the mixture is filled in the whole liquid crystal box, and cooling the heating table to room temperature at the speed of about 1 ℃/second; the two conductive film layers of the device are respectively connected with a lead, so that the device can be used; the transmittance of the optical attenuation sheet is controlled by an external electric field. The applied voltage is 1k Hz alternating current square wave voltage, a signal generator generates alternating current square waves with certain amplitude, the amplitude is amplified through an amplifier, and an output signal is applied to the optical attenuation sheet. By adjusting the amplitude of the signal amplifier, a voltage signal with a larger amplitude adjustment can be obtained at the output end of the amplifier.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture, characterized in that: the liquid crystal display panel comprises at least two transparent substrates (1), at least one liquid crystal box and an electro-optical material (3), wherein the liquid crystal box is arranged between every two adjacent transparent substrates (1), the liquid crystal box is formed by integrating two transparent conductive films (2) through viscose (4), the two transparent conductive films (2) are respectively positioned on the inner surfaces of the two adjacent transparent substrates (1), the electro-optical material is arranged in the liquid crystal box, the electro-optical material is formed by mixing a liquid crystal material, a chiral material and a doping material with absorption characteristics to light, and the two transparent conductive films (2) of the liquid crystal box are connected with external voltage.
2. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material in the electro-optical material is ((1 (0.01-0.12)): (0.01-0.10)).
3. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the viscose (4) is internally provided with particles for controlling the thickness of the liquid crystal box, and the thickness of the liquid crystal box is 3-50 microns.
4. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the transparent substrate material is 0.25-0.5 mm.
5. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal material consists of the following four components
The four components are respectively mixed according to the proportion of 51%, 25%, 16% and 8%;
the molecular formula of the chiral material is as follows:
the doped absorption material is bicolor dye.
6. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the transparent substrates (1) is 3, and the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 2.
7. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the transparent substrates (1) is 4, and the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 3.
8. The liquid crystal mixture-based optical attenuation sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the transparent substrates (1) is 5, and the number of the liquid crystal boxes is 4.
9. A preparation method of an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the liquid crystal material, the chiral material and the doped absorption material, and stirring the mixture by using a stirring instrument to obtain a liquid crystal mixture material;
s2, raising the temperature of the heating table to be higher than the clearing point of the liquid crystal material, and placing the assembled transparent substrate (1) and the assembled liquid crystal box on the heating table;
s3, injecting the liquid crystal mixture material from one end of the liquid crystal box until the liquid crystal mixture material is filled in the whole liquid crystal box, continuously placing the liquid crystal mixture material on a heating table, and reducing the temperature of the heating table to room temperature;
s4, connecting the two transparent conductive films (2) of the liquid crystal box with wires respectively to obtain the optical attenuation sheet.
10. The method for preparing an optical attenuation sheet based on a liquid crystal mixture according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rate of temperature decrease of the heating stage in step S3 was 1 ℃/sec.
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| CN202111677072.6A CN114236933A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Optical attenuation sheet based on liquid crystal mixture and preparation method |
| CN202211726670.2A CN116243525B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2022-12-30 | Optical attenuation sheet based on liquid crystal mixture and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116243525B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
| CN116243525A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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Application publication date: 20220325 |