CN114233779A - Brake disc and preparation method thereof and traffic equipment - Google Patents
Brake disc and preparation method thereof and traffic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233779A CN114233779A CN202111249572.XA CN202111249572A CN114233779A CN 114233779 A CN114233779 A CN 114233779A CN 202111249572 A CN202111249572 A CN 202111249572A CN 114233779 A CN114233779 A CN 114233779A
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 142
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- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/127—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by properties of the disc surface; Discs lined with friction material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/128—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by means for cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/023—Composite materials containing carbon and carbon fibres or fibres made of carbonizable material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/614—Gas infiltration of green bodies or pre-forms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
- F16D2065/1304—Structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0052—Carbon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a brake disc, a manufacturing method thereof and traffic equipment. This brake disc includes: the loading disc is provided with a first rotor mounting hole, a plurality of protruding portions are sequentially arranged on one surface of the loading disc around the first rotor mounting hole, the protruding portions are also arranged on the other surface of the loading disc at the positions corresponding to the protruding portions one by one, and a first loading hole is formed in each protruding portion; the friction discs are provided with second rotor mounting holes communicated with the first rotor mounting holes, second loading holes which correspond to the first loading holes one by one are formed in the friction discs, and at least one friction disc is arranged on each of two surfaces of each loading disc; and each connecting piece is used for being matched with the first loading hole and the second loading hole which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode so as to connect the loading plate and each friction plate. The brake disc is of a split structure, and is convenient to process and capable of reducing the processing difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transportation, in particular to a brake disc, a preparation method thereof and transportation equipment.
Background
The brake disc adopted by traffic equipment such as automobiles, trains, airplanes and the like is mostly made of stainless steel. The brake disc made of stainless steel not only has heavy weight and consumes energy, but also generates heat failure at high temperature, so that the braking effect is reduced, the brake disc deforms, and the brake is failed in severe cases. Along with the acceleration of high-speed trains and the performance improvement of cars, the performance requirement on brake discs is higher and higher. At present, brake discs made of carbon ceramics are applied to high-grade trolleys, high-speed rails and airplanes, the weight of the brake discs is one third of that of stainless steel, and the brake discs are high-temperature resistant and are not easy to generate the problem of thermal attenuation.
A general preparation process of a brake disc made of carbon ceramic materials comprises the steps of preparing a brake disc preform by carbon fibers, obtaining a carbon/carbon rough blank through densification and primary processing, and finally introducing silicon carbide through an infiltration process or a PIP (precursor impregnation cracking) process to form the carbon ceramic brake disc. However, the brake disc is thick, the silicon carbide process cannot be accurately controlled in the densification process and the later period, so that the brake disc product cannot obtain stable friction performance, and the friction performance of the brake disc is related to the whole driving safety, so that the large-scale application of the brake disc made of carbon ceramic is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the brake disc is convenient to process and low in processing difficulty.
In addition, a preparation method of the brake disc and traffic equipment containing the brake disc are also provided.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brake disc comprising:
the loading disc is provided with a first rotor mounting hole, a plurality of protruding portions are sequentially arranged on one surface of the loading disc around the first rotor mounting hole, the protruding portions are also arranged on the other surface of the loading disc at the positions corresponding to the protruding portions one by one, and a first loading hole is formed in each protruding portion;
the friction discs are provided with second rotor mounting holes communicated with the first rotor mounting holes, second loading holes which correspond to the first loading holes one by one are formed in the friction discs, and at least one friction disc is arranged on each of two surfaces of each loading disc; and
the connecting pieces are matched with the first loading holes and the second loading holes which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode so as to connect the loading plate and the friction plates.
In some of these embodiments, the loaded disc is a carbon loaded disc; and/or
The friction disc is a carbon ceramic friction disc.
In some of these embodiments, the density of the loading tray is 1.1g/cm3～1.35g/cm3；
The density of the friction disc is 2.0g/cm3～2.3g/cm3The friction coefficient is 3.5-4.2.
In some of these embodiments, the raised portion extends in a radial direction on the loading disc from an edge of the first rotor mounting hole to an outer edge of the loading disc.
In some of these embodiments, the loading tray is provided with a vent in the region between two adjacent bosses.
In some of these embodiments, at least a region of the loading disc is exposed to the second rotor mounting hole when the loading disc is coupled to each of the friction discs;
the ventilation hole is formed in the area, exposed out of the second rotor mounting hole, of the loading disc.
In some of these embodiments, the first rotor mounting hole is a circular hole;
the second rotor mounting hole is provided with a plurality of minimum inner diameter positions, the minimum inner diameter positions are the same as the inner diameter of the first rotor mounting hole, a semicircular hole is formed between every two adjacent minimum inner diameter positions towards the outer side, and the area of the semicircular hole corresponds to the area, exposed out of the second rotor mounting hole, of the loading disc.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a brake disc is provided, where the brake disc is any one of the brake discs described above, and the method includes the following steps:
preparing said loading disc and at least two of said friction discs;
at least one friction disc is arranged on two surfaces of the loading disc respectively;
and matching each connecting piece with the first loading hole and the second loading hole which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence so as to connect the loading disc with each friction disc.
In some of these embodiments, the loaded disc is a carbon loaded disc; the preparation of the loading tray comprises the following steps:
forming the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire rubber body by needling to obtain a carbon fiber prefabricated body with the first rotor mounting hole;
carrying out carbon densification on the carbon fiber preform by adopting chemical vapor deposition to obtain a carbon-carbon rough blank;
processing the carbon rough blank, and forming the first loading hole to obtain the loading disc;
and/or the friction disc is a carbon ceramic friction disc; the preparation of the friction disc comprises the following steps:
forming the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire rubber body by needling to obtain a carbon fiber prefabricated body with the second rotor mounting hole;
carrying out carbon densification on the carbon fiber preform by adopting chemical vapor deposition to obtain a carbon-carbon rough blank;
carrying out graphitization and melt siliconizing treatment on the carbon-carbon rough blank to obtain a carbon ceramic rough blank;
and machining the carbon ceramic rough blank and forming the second loading hole to obtain the friction disc.
In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a transportation device comprising a hub, a rotor and a brake disc as described in any one of the above, the rotor being mounted in the first rotor mounting hole and the second rotor mounting hole and being connected to the loading disc, the hub being connected to the rotor.
When the brake disc is assembled, at least one friction disc is respectively arranged on two surfaces of the loading disc, the first rotor mounting hole is communicated with the second rotor mounting hole, the first loading hole and the second loading hole are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and then the loading disc is matched with the first loading hole and the second loading hole which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode through the connecting pieces so as to be connected with the friction discs; firm in connection has avoided the risk that drops.
The brake disc is of a split structure, and the friction disc and the loading disc can be processed respectively, so that the processing is convenient, the processing difficulty is reduced, the problem of poor performance stability caused by integral processing is avoided, the stability and controllability of the performance of the brake disc are improved, and large-scale production and preparation are facilitated; and the disc can be conveniently replaced independently according to the service condition of the friction disc without replacing the whole brake disc, so that the energy is saved, the solid waste is reduced, and the utilization rate of the brake disc is improved. In addition, friction disks are arranged on the two surfaces of the loading disk according to the using function of the brake disk, so that the friction disks with high material requirements can be independently optimized. In addition, the arrangement of the convex part on the loading disc can facilitate the heat dissipation and ventilation between the loading disc and the friction disc, and ensure the excellent performance of the brake disc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the brake rotor shown in FIG. 1;
figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading disc in the brake disc shown in figure 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the friction disc in the brake disc of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a force-displacement curve obtained by subjecting the brake discs prepared in the respective examples and comparative examples to a shear strength test.
Description of reference numerals:
10: a brake disc; 110: loading a disc;
120: a friction disk; 112: a boss portion;
101: a first rotor mounting hole; 102: a first loading aperture;
103: a second rotor mounting hole; 104: a second loading aperture;
105: a vent hole.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides a transportation device and a brake disc 10 thereof. The transportation equipment comprises a hub, a rotor and a brake disc 10.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a brake disc 10 and a method of making the same. The structure of the brake disc 10 will be described in detail below with reference to the manufacturing method. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the brake disc 10 includes: a loading plate 110, at least two friction plates 120, and a plurality of connecting members (not shown).
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the loading plate 110 has a first rotor mounting hole 101. One surface of the loading tray 110 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 112 in order around the first rotor mounting hole 101, the other surface of the loading tray 110 is also provided with protrusions 112 at one-to-one corresponding positions of the protrusions 112, and each protrusion 112 is provided with a first loading hole 102.
Referring to fig. 4, the friction disc 120 has a second rotor mounting hole 103 for communicating with the first rotor mounting hole 101. The friction disk 120 is provided with second loading holes 104 for one-to-one correspondence with the first loading holes 102. Both surfaces of the loading plate 110 are provided with at least one friction plate 120, respectively.
Each of the coupling members is adapted to mate with a one-to-one arrangement of the first and second loading holes 102 and 104 to couple the loading plate 110 with each of the friction plates 120.
According to the invention, the service functions of the brake disc 10 are distinguished, the brake disc 10 is set to be a split structure of the friction disc 120 and the loading disc 110, the upper surface and the lower surface of the brake disc 10 are respectively provided with the friction disc 120, the middle part is provided with the loading disc 110, and the loading disc 110 has the functions of butting with the hub of a wheel and fixing the friction disc 120. Specifically, the rotors are mounted in the first and second rotor mounting holes 101 and 103 and connected to the loading disc 110, and the hub is connected to the rotors, thus achieving the docking of the loading disc 110 to the hub. It will be appreciated that the vehicle also includes brake calipers for clamping the disc 10 to generate braking force. It is understood that the transportation device also includes other components, which are not described in detail herein.
Specifically, when the brake disc 10 is assembled, at least one friction disc 120 is disposed on each of two surfaces of the loading disc 110, the first rotor mounting hole 101 is communicated with the second rotor mounting hole 103, the first loading holes 102 and the second loading holes 104 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence, and then the loading disc 110 is coupled to each friction disc 120 by engaging with the first loading holes 102 and the second loading holes 104 disposed in a one-to-one correspondence through each coupling member; firm in connection has avoided the risk that drops.
The brake disc 10 is of a split structure, and the friction disc 120 and the loading disc 110 can be processed respectively, so that the processing is convenient, the processing difficulty is reduced, the problem of poor performance stability caused by integral processing is avoided, the stability and controllability of the performance of the brake disc 10 are improved, and large-scale production and preparation are facilitated; and the disc is convenient to be replaced independently according to the use condition of the friction disc 120 without replacing the whole brake disc 10, so that the energy is saved, the solid waste is reduced, and the utilization rate of the brake disc 10 is improved. Furthermore, the friction discs 120 are arranged on both sides of the loading disc 110 according to the function of the brake disc 10, which also facilitates individual optimization of the friction discs 120 with respect to the material requirements. In addition, the arrangement of the raised portion 112 on the loading disc 110 can facilitate heat dissipation and ventilation between the loading disc 110 and the friction disc 120, and ensure excellent performance of the brake disc 10.
The preparation method of the brake disc 10 comprises the following steps S10-S30.
S10: a loading disc 110 and at least two friction discs 120 are prepared.
S20: at least one friction disc 120 is provided on both surfaces of the loading disc 110, respectively.
S30: each of the coupling members is engaged with the first and second loading holes 102 and 104, which are disposed in one-to-one correspondence, to couple the loading plate 110 with each of the friction plates 120.
In some of these embodiments, the loading disk 110 is a carbon-carbon loading disk; and/or the friction disk 120 is a carbon ceramic friction disk. Although the integrated carbon ceramic brake disc 10 has the advantages in mechanical property, the brake disc 10 mainly bears shearing force in the using process, the split type or combined type brake disc 10 can completely meet the using requirement, and the processing difficulty and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.
Considering the use function of the brake disc 10, the friction disc 120 disposed at the outer side is greatly worn, so the material of the friction disc 120 is preferably carbon ceramic, and the loading disc 110 located at the middle part is made of carbon material instead of carbon ceramic. Carbon ceramics is one kind of ceramic matrix composite material, and is a novel composite material with a three-dimensional felt body or a woven body of carbon fibers as a reinforcing framework and silicon carbide ceramics as a continuous matrix.
In some of these embodiments, the preparation of the carbon-loaded disk comprises the steps of:
carrying out needle punching molding on carbon fiber cloth and carbon fiber net tire rubber to obtain a carbon fiber prefabricated body with a first rotor mounting hole 101;
carrying out carbon densification on the carbon fiber preform by adopting chemical vapor deposition to obtain a carbon-carbon rough blank;
the carbon-carbon blank is processed and the first loading hole 102 is formed, and the carbon-carbon loading disk is manufactured.
In some of these embodiments, the preparation of the carbon ceramic friction disk comprises the following steps:
forming the carbon fiber cloth and the carbon fiber net tire rubber body by needling to obtain a carbon fiber prefabricated body with a second rotor mounting hole 103;
carrying out carbon densification on the carbon fiber preform by adopting chemical vapor deposition to obtain a carbon-carbon rough blank;
carrying out graphitization and melt siliconizing treatment on the carbon-carbon rough blank to obtain a carbon ceramic rough blank;
the carbon ceramic blank is machined and a second loading hole 104 is formed to produce a carbon ceramic friction disk.
The loading disc 110 in the middle is made of carbon without carbon ceramic, and is made of carbon without melting siliconizing treatment, so that the raw materials for melting infiltration can be reduced, and the production and preparation cost can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the oxidation-resistant coating is formed on the outer surface of the assembled brake disc 10 by painting or the like. Further, an oxidation-resistant coating is formed on the outer surfaces of the two friction disks 120 located on the outer side, for example. Further, the side walls of the friction disc 120 and the loading disc 110 may also be provided with an oxidation resistant coating.
Further, the material of the oxidation resistant coating includes, but is not limited to, phosphate.
The thickness of a prefabricated body of the integral carbon-ceramic brake disc 10 during preparation generally reaches 40 mm-50 mm, so that the deposition density difference generally exists in the later deposition densification process, the subsequent fused siliconizing and PIP processes are further influenced, the problem of component difference existing in the brake disc 10 is caused, and the stability of the friction and wear performance of the brake disc 10 is influenced. Since the thickness of the loading disc 110 or the friction disc 120 is greatly reduced compared to the monolithic carbon-ceramic brake disc 10, the thickness of the carbon fiber preform to be prepared is also reduced; therefore, in the carbon-carbon densification process or the later silicon carbide-introduced fusion siliconizing process, the matrix uniformity and process controllability of the split loading disc 110 or the split friction disc 120 are both greatly improved, so that the friction and wear performance stability of the brake disc 10 is improved, and the large-scale production is facilitated.
In some of these embodiments, the friction disk 120 has a thickness of 6mm to 10 mm.
Further, the total thickness of the loading tray 110 is 12mm to 20mm, and the height of the protrusion 112 is 3mm to 6 mm.
In some of these embodiments, the density of the loading tray 110 is 1.1g/cm3～1.35g/cm3. Further, the friction disk 120 has a density of 2.0g/cm3～2.3g/cm3The friction coefficient is 3.5-4.2.
Further, when preparing the carbon ceramic friction disc and/or the carbon loading disc, the density of the carbon fiber preform is controlled to be 0.4g/cm3～0.45g/cm3。
Further, when the carbon ceramic friction disc is prepared, the density of the carbon rough blank obtained after the carbon densification step is controlled to be 1.35g/cm3～1.5g/cm3。
Further, in the preparation of the carbon-loaded disk, the density of the carbon-carbon blank obtained after the carbon densification step was controlled to be 1.1g/cm3～1.35g/cm3。
Further, when preparing the carbon ceramic friction disc and/or the carbon loading disc, the carbon densification is different in that the carbon ceramic friction disc is placed in a deposition tool when being prepared, and the chemical vapor deposition conditions of the carbon ceramic friction disc and the carbon loading disc are as follows: the deposition temperature is 1000-1150 ℃, the deposition pressure is 1.5-3 KPa, the deposition time is 100-150 h, the raw material adopted for deposition is natural gas, the gas flow is 3m3/h～5m3H is used as the reference value. The same or similar chemical vapor deposition process can ensure that the density of the deposited carbon rough blank is close, ensure the stable performance of the whole carbon ceramic disc at the later stage, and does not need multiple deposition processing, thereby greatly reducing the production cost.
Furthermore, the temperature of the graphitization treatment in the preparation of the carbon ceramic friction disk is 2200-2400 ℃, and the time of the graphitization treatment is 2-4 h.
Further, the conditions of the melt siliconizing treatment in the preparation of the carbon ceramic friction disc are as follows: the silicification temperature is 1600-1800 ℃, the infiltration pressure is 100-1000 Pa, and the infiltration time is 4-6 h.
In some of these embodiments, the raised portion 112 extends radially on the load disk 110 from the edge of the first rotor mounting hole 101 to the outer edge of the load disk 110. In this way, the protrusions 112 may provide better support when the loading plate 110 engages the friction plate 120.
Further, the loading tray 110 is provided with the vent holes 105 in the area between the adjacent two protrusions 112. It will be appreciated that the vent holes 105 are also formed during the machining of the carbon blank when the carbon ceramic friction disk is prepared. Thus, the heat dissipation effect can be improved. It is understood that the vent hole 105 is plural. Specifically, the vent hole 105 is a through hole penetrating the loading tray 110.
In some of these embodiments, at least a region of the loading disc 110 is exposed to the second rotor mounting hole 103 when the loading disc 110 is coupled to each of the friction discs 120. Thus, the heat dissipation effect can be further improved.
Further, a ventilation hole 105 is provided in a region of the loading tray 110 exposed to the second rotor mounting hole 103.
In some of these embodiments, the first rotor mounting hole 101 is a circular hole; the second rotor mounting hole 103 has a plurality of minimum inner diameters, the minimum inner diameters are the same as the inner diameter of the first rotor mounting hole 101, a semicircular hole is formed between two adjacent minimum inner diameters toward the outer side, and the region of the semicircular hole corresponds to the region of the loading plate 110 exposed out of the second rotor mounting hole 103.
It will be appreciated that the connection members may be bolts to facilitate later replacement of the friction plates while ensuring connection stability.
In some of these embodiments, the transportation device is an automobile, a train, or an airplane. The trains comprise trains, high-speed trains and motor trains.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more concise and clear, the present invention is described with the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited to these embodiments. The following described examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which can be used to describe the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to better illustrate the invention, the following examples are given to further illustrate the invention. The following are specific examples.
Example 1
The brake disc shown in figure 1 is prepared by the following specific steps:
step one, alternately laminating and needling T700 carbon fiber interwoven fabric and carbon fiber net tire to prepare three annular carbon fiber preforms, wherein the density of the preforms is 0.45g/cm3. Two of which are 12mm thick and the other 22mm thick. It is understood that the annular hole serves as a subsequent rotor mounting hole.
Step two, putting the ring-shaped carbon fiber preform with the thickness of 12mm prepared in the step one into a deposition tool, and then putting the carbon fiber preform into a chemical vapor deposition furnace for carbon densification; the conditions for controlling the chemical vapor deposition were as follows: the temperature is 1000 ℃, natural gas is carbon source gas, and the flow rate of the natural gas is 3m3The furnace pressure is 1500pa, the heat preservation and the deposition are carried out for 100 hours, and the density is 1.35g/cm3The carbon green compact of (1).
Taking another 22mm thick ring-shaped carbon fiber preform obtained in the first step, carrying out chemical vapor deposition on the carbon fiber preform in a furnace (in other words, the carbon fiber preform has the same deposition parameters and is not placed in a deposition tool compared with the deposition conditions in the previous step), and obtaining the density of 1.15g/cm after deposition3The carbon green compact of (1).
Step three, setting the density to be 1.15g/cm3The carbon rough blank is processed to the required size according to the size of a finished product, and the corresponding bulge, the first loading hole and the vent hole are processed to obtain the carbon loading disc.
Step four, setting the density to be 1.35g/cm3The surface of the carbon blank is roughly processed, and closed pores on the surface are opened at the same timeThe graphite is placed in a high-temperature graphitizing furnace for graphitizing treatment, the graphitizing temperature is 2200 ℃, the treatment time is 4 hours, and the next infiltration is facilitated.
Putting the graphitized carbon-carbon rough blank into a infiltration tool, and putting the graphitized carbon-carbon rough blank into a high-temperature furnace for melt siliconizing treatment, wherein the conditions of the melt siliconizing treatment are as follows: the infiltration temperature is 1700 ℃, the infiltration pressure is 500pa, the infiltration time is 4h, and a rough blank (namely a carbon pottery rough blank) of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material is obtained after infiltration, and the density is 2.0g/cm3。
And step six, polishing the surface of the carbon ceramic rough blank prepared in the step four until the surface is smooth and flat, processing the carbon ceramic rough blank to a required size according to the size of a finished product, processing a second loading hole, and performing finish machining on the circular ring hole to form a second rotor mounting hole so as to prepare the carbon ceramic friction disc.
And step seven, assembling the two carbon ceramic friction disks on the two surfaces of the carbon loading disk by adopting a connecting piece to obtain a combined brake disk, wherein the friction coefficient of the obtained brake disk is 3.5.
And step eight, coating a layer of phosphate on the outer surface of the prepared combined brake disc to form an antioxidant coating.
The thickness of the prepared carbon ceramic friction disc is 10mm, the thickness of the area of the prepared carbon loading disc without the lug boss is 8mm, the thickness of the lug boss is 6mm, and the total thickness of the carbon loading disc is 20 mm. The total thickness of the assembled brake disc is 40 mm.
The batch production was carried out by the method of example 1, and the results showed that the density difference of the same batch of disks was 0.1g/cm3Within, the friction coefficient difference is within 0.2, the stability is far higher than the production of whole carbon-ceramic brake discs, the product yield is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the combined brake disc is beneficial to the replacement in the later period and the reduction of solid waste.
Comparative example 1
The structure and the detailed process of the integral carbon-ceramic brake disc are as follows:
step one, alternately laminating and needling T700 carbon fiber interwoven fabric and carbon fiber net tire to prepare a circular carbon fiber preform with the density of 0.45g/cm3. Wherein the ringHas a thickness of 50 mm.
Step two, putting the ring-shaped carbon fiber preform with the thickness of 50mm prepared in the step one into a chemical vapor deposition furnace for carbon/carbon densification; the conditions for controlling the chemical vapor deposition were as follows: the temperature is 1000 ℃, natural gas is carbon source gas, and the flow rate of the natural gas is 3m3The furnace pressure is 1500pa, the heat preservation and the deposition are carried out for 100 hours, and the density is 1.0g/cm3The carbon green compact of (1).
Step three, setting the density to be 1.0g/cm3Processing the end face of the carbon rough blank to 46mm, opening the closed pore deposited on the surface of the carbon, and continuously putting the carbon rough blank in a carbon-carbon vapor deposition furnace for densification; the same deposition conditions were used to obtain a density of 1.3g/cm3The carbon/carbon blank of (a).
Step four, mixing the density of 1.3g/cm3The surface of the carbon/carbon blank is continuously processed to 42mm, the carbon/carbon blank is continuously deposited under the same condition, the deposition time is 80h, and the density after deposition is 1.38g/cm3And (4) finely processing the carbon blank according to a finished product drawing to obtain the carbon/carbon brake disc.
Step five, graphitizing the carbon brake disc at 2200 ℃ for 4h, and putting the carbon brake disc into a infiltration tool for melt siliconizing treatment under the following conditions: the infiltration temperature is 1800 ℃, the infiltration pressure is 500pa, the infiltration time is 4h, and a rough blank (namely a carbon ceramic rough blank) of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material is obtained after infiltration, and the density is 1.98g/cm3The coefficient of friction was 3.2.
And step eight, coating a layer of phosphate on the outer surface of the prepared brake disc to form an antioxidant coating. The thickness of the obtained integral carbon/ceramic brake disc is 40 mm.
As can be seen from the example 1 and the comparative example 1, compared with the original production process of the integral carbon ceramic brake disc in the comparative example 1, the production process in the example 1 reduces the processing difficulty twice, reduces the furnace feeding times, improves the production efficiency, reduces the cost by 50%, and has uniform and controllable components compared with the integral carbon/ceramic disc.
Example 2
It is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
the chemical vapor deposition conditions were: the deposition temperature is 1150 ℃, the deposition pressure is 2KPa, the deposition time is 120h, the raw material adopted for deposition is natural gas, the gas flow is 4m3H; obtaining a density of 1.4g/cm3The carbon-carbon green compact of (a);
the conditions for the graphitization treatment are as follows: the graphitization temperature is 2400 ℃, and the graphitization treatment time is 2 h;
the conditions of the melt siliconizing treatment were as follows: the infiltration temperature is 1800 ℃, the infiltration pressure is 100pa, the infiltration time is 6h, and a rough blank (namely a carbon ceramic rough blank) of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material is obtained after infiltration, and the density is 2.2g/cm3。
Example 3
It is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
the chemical vapor deposition conditions were: the deposition temperature is 1100 ℃, the deposition pressure is 3KPa, the deposition time is 150h, the raw material adopted for deposition is natural gas, the gas flow is 4m3H; obtaining a density of 1.5g/cm3The carbon-carbon green compact of (a); the conditions of the melt siliconizing treatment were as follows: the infiltration temperature is 1600 ℃, the infiltration pressure is 1000pa, the infiltration time is 5h, and a rough blank (namely a carbon ceramic rough blank) of the carbon/silicon carbide composite material is obtained after infiltration, and the density is 2.0g/cm3。
The brake discs obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a shear strength test, and a force-displacement curve obtained by sampling and strength testing according to standard QJ20273, as shown in fig. 5, and the shear strengths thus obtained are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Span/mm | Width of sample/mm | Thickness/mm of sample | Shear strength/MPa |
| Example 1 | 24 | 11.8 | 6.78 | 15.38 |
| Example 2 | 24 | 10 | 6.08 | 17.93 |
| Example 3 | 24 | 9.8 | 4.9 | 19.63 |
| Comparative example 1 | 24 | 10 | 5.86 | 15.38 |
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the shear strength of the brake discs prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 is equivalent to that of the integral carbon ceramic brake disc prepared in the comparative example 1, and the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process and low cost.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims, and the description and the drawings can be used for explaining the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
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| CN115108846A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-27 | 常州翊翔炭材科技有限公司 | Preparation method of aircraft carbon/carbon composite material brake disc |
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