CN114196892A - Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel consists of the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.75 to 1.25 percent; mn: 11.0% -16.0%; si: 0.3% -1%; cr: 0.2 to 1.5 percent; mo: 0.2 to 0.8 percent; v: 0.15 to 0.55 percent; nb: 0.04 to 0.25 percent; n: 0.002% or less; p: 0.05% or less; s: 0.03% or less; the balance of Fe; the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is precipitated with nanometer to submicron Nb (C, N) strengthening phases and V (C, N) strengthening phases. The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel has better initial yield strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy high manganese steel preparation, and particularly relates to Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
High manganese steel is used in various fields in life, particularly in the industries of railways, mines and the like because of inherent toughness and wear resistance, and ZGMn13 high manganese steel is more representative in application. High manganese steels also have problems, such as high manganese steels must exhibit good wear resistance after work hardening, and therefore exhibit good wear resistance only under strong impact loads, have poor work hardening at low impact loads, have low yield strength, and do not exhibit wear resistance.
With the stricter requirements on the use of high manganese steel, the improvement of the use performance is required, and researchers deeply explore the mechanism of the high manganese steel and find that the mechanical property of the high manganese steel can be fully improved by alloying treatment. At present, the research on alloying treatment of high manganese steel is more popular, although the yield strength of the high manganese steel can be obviously improved by increasing certain alloy elements, the addition of the alloy elements can aggravate segregation, more Cr is easy to cause the generation of network carbides, elements such as Cr, Mo and the like are also easy to cause the generation of overheated carbides and undissolved carbides, and therefore the types and the contents of the alloy elements need to be optimized and controlled.
In the prior art, research on V-added alloying treatment is carried out on high manganese steel, specifically V, Ti and the like are added for alloying on the basis of high manganese steel components, and the aim is to refine crystal grains and improve the yield strength of the high manganese steel, thereby prolonging the service life; however, the effect of improving the yield strength of high manganese steel by refining austenite grains by means of V, Ti is not significant in practical production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve one or more technical problems. The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel has small grain size, does not generate too much net-shaped carbide, generates a new nano-micron structure and has better initial yield strength; when the wear-resistant steel is used for the frog, the wear-resistant steel has better wear resistance and longer service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel which consists of the following elements in percentage by mass,
C：0.75％～1.25％；
Mn：11.0％～16.0％；
Si：0.3％～1％；
Cr：0.2％～1.5％；
Mo：0.2％～0.8％；
V：0.15％～0.55％；
Nb：0.04％～0.25％；
N：≦0.002％；
P：≦0.05％；
S：≦0.03％；
the balance of Fe;
the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is precipitated with nanometer to submicron Nb (C, N) strengthening phases and V (C, N) strengthening phases.
The further improvement of the invention is that the initial yield strength of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is 460-480 Mpa.
The invention provides application of Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel in railway frog.
The invention provides a preparation method of Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the element proportion of the invention to obtain the formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
carrying out water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure;
and carrying out aging treatment on the alloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and finishing the preparation.
The method is further improved in that the step of preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel in a temperature environment below 400 ℃, raising the temperature to 600-650 ℃ at a first preset temperature rise speed, carrying out preheating treatment and heat preservation, and obtaining the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment.
The method is further improved in that the steps of raising the temperature to 600-650 ℃ at a first preset temperature raising speed for preheating treatment and heat preservation specifically comprise: raising the temperature to 600-650 ℃ at a temperature raising speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 1.5-2.5 hours.
The method is further improved in that the step of performing water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to obtain the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1030-1100 ℃ at a second preset temperature rise speed, and preserving the heat; and (5) water cooling to obtain the austenitic alloyed high manganese steel.
The method is further improved in that the step of raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1030-1100 ℃ at a second preset temperature rise speed and preserving the temperature specifically comprises the following steps: and raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1030-1100 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of less than or equal to 150 ℃ per hour, and preserving the temperature for 1.5-3 hours.
The method is further improved in that in the process of obtaining the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenite structure by water cooling, the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after heat preservation is less than or equal to 35 ℃ before entering water and less than or equal to 50 ℃ after entering water.
The method is further improved in that the step of performing aging treatment on the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel specifically comprises the following steps: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenite structure to 300-450 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5-3.5 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N) and V (C, N) strengthening phases out of the alloyed high manganese steel, so as to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel has small grain size, does not generate too much net-shaped carbide, generates a new nano-micron structure and has better initial yield strength; when the wear-resistant steel is used for the frog, the wear-resistant steel has better wear resistance and longer service life.
In the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the invention, the grain size is reduced by 1-2 levels in a range of 55-65 μm compared with the existing high manganese steel for frog, and the generation of net-shaped carbide is less.
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the invention can obtain a large amount of nano to submicron Nb (C, N) and V (C, N) tissues dispersed and precipitated on an austenite matrix after water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel can reach 460-480 Mpa, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100Mpa compared with the common high manganese steel.
When the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the invention is used for railway frog, the service life can reach eight months, and the service life is prolonged by about two months compared with that of a common high manganese steel frog.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the metallographic structure of 0.08% Nb (350 ℃ C. in a tempered state for 2 hours) in example 4 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the tensile curve of 0.08% Nb (350 ℃ C. in a 2h temper) in example 4 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the processing equipment or devices not specifically mentioned in the following examples are conventional in the art; all pressure values and ranges refer to relative pressures.
Furthermore, it is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention does not exclude that other method steps may also be present before or after the combined steps or that other method steps may also be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise indicated; it is also to be understood that a combined connection between one or more devices/apparatus as referred to in the present application does not exclude that further devices/apparatus may be present before or after the combined device/apparatus or that further devices/apparatus may be interposed between two devices/apparatus explicitly referred to, unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.
The raw materials containing carbon, silicon, manganese and the like used in the following examples are commercially available, and equipment for carrying out the processes such as hot rolling, cold rolling, low-temperature aging, high-temperature recrystallization, water quenching and the like is also commercially available.
Example 1
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel of the embodiment of the invention consists of the following elements in percentage by mass,
C：0.75％～1.25％；
Mn：11.0％～16.0％；
Si：0.3％～1％；
Cr：0.2％～1.5％；
Mo：0.2％～0.8％；
V：0.15％～0.55％；
Nb：0.04％～0.25％；
N：≦0.002％；
P：≦0.05％；
S：≦0.03％；
the balance being Fe.
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the embodiment of the invention has better initial yield strength; when the wear-resistant steel is used for the frog, the wear-resistant steel has better wear resistance and longer service life. Exemplarily, the initial yield strength is 460-480 Mpa, which is improved by more than 100Mpa compared with the common high manganese steel; when the steel frog is used for railway frog, the service life can reach eight months, and the service life is prolonged by about two months compared with that of a common high manganese steel frog.
Example 2
The method for manufacturing the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel: adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain the formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel.
Preferably, in the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is 1450-1620 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1420-1580 ℃.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, step 3 specifically includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 600-650 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of not more than 60 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 1.5-2.5 h.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, step 4 specifically includes:
step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1030-1100 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating speed is less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3 h.
Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the steel in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, step 5 specifically includes: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenite structure to 300-450 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-3.5 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and other strengthening phases from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby completing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the embodiment of the invention has small grain size, does not generate too many reticular carbides, generates a new nano-micron structure and has better initial yield strength; when the wear-resistant steel is used for the frog, the wear-resistant steel has better wear resistance and longer service life. Specifically, the grain size is reduced by 1-2 levels in a range of 55-65 mu m compared with that of the existing high manganese steel for the frog, and the generation of reticular carbides is less; after water toughening treatment and aging treatment, a large amount of nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N) and V (C, N) tissues are dispersed and precipitated on an austenite matrix, the yield strength of the Nb-V.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.76, Mn: 11.5, Si: 0.3, Cr: 0.35, Mo: 0.2, V: 0.15, Nb: 0.041, N: 0.0012, P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing process of an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel:
adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain a formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog to obtain an austenitic structure alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog with the austenite structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 1450 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1420 ℃.
Wherein, step 3 includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 600 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 50 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h.
Wherein, step 4 includes: step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1050 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating rate is 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h. Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an austenitic alloyed high manganese steel frog; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Wherein, step 5 includes: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure to 300 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to separate nano-to submicron-grade strengthening phases of Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and the like from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby finishing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the formed Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is subjected to water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the obtained Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 463MPa, the tensile strength is 870MPa, the elongation is 50%, the impact value (20 ℃) is 210J, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with that of the common high manganese steel frog.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.8, Mn: 15. si: 0.5, Cr: 0.55, Mo: 0.26, V: 0.35, Nb: 0.08, N: 0.001, P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing process of an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel:
adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain a formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog to obtain an austenitic structure alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog with the austenite structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 1480 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1430 ℃.
Wherein, step 3 includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 600 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 50 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment and keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
Wherein, step 4 includes: step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1070 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating rate is 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an austenitic alloyed high manganese steel frog; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Wherein, step 5 includes: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure to 330 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and other strengthening phases from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby finishing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the formed Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is subjected to water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the obtained Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 465MPa, the tensile strength is 872MPa, the elongation is 51%, the impact value (20 ℃) is 221J, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with that of the common high manganese steel frog.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metallographic structure of 0.08% Nb (at 350 ℃ for 2h of tempering) in example 4 of the present invention, in which the grain size is about 60 μm, and no network carbide is present, and a large amount of nano-to submicron-order structures are dispersed in the grains.
Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tensile curve of 0.08% Nb (350 ℃ C. and 2h tempering state) in example 4 of the present invention, wherein the yield strength is 465MPa, which is 100MPa higher than that of the ordinary high manganese steel.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention provides an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 1.2, Mn: 15.5, Si: 0.75, Cr: 1.23, Mo: 0.6, V: 0.42, Nb: 0.16, N: 0.0016, P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing process of an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel:
adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain a formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog to obtain an austenitic structure alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog with the austenite structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 1550 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1480 ℃.
Wherein, step 3 includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 650 ℃ at the temperature rising speed of 60 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 h.
Wherein, step 4 includes: step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1080 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating rate is 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h. Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an austenitic alloyed high manganese steel frog; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Wherein, step 5 includes: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure to 350 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and other strengthening phases from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby finishing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the formed Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is subjected to water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the obtained Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 476MPa, the tensile strength is 895MPa, the elongation is 47%, the impact value (20 ℃) is 196J, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with that of the common high manganese steel frog.
Example 6
The embodiment of the invention provides an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 1.23, Mn: 14.5, Si: 0.9, Cr: 0.9, Mo: 0.8, V: 0.48, Nb: 0.15, N: 0.002, P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing process of an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel:
adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain a formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog to obtain an austenitic structure alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog with the austenite structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 1600 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1540 ℃.
Wherein, step 3 includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating rate of 50 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment and keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
Wherein, step 4 includes: step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1070 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating rate is 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an austenitic alloyed high manganese steel frog; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Wherein, step 5 includes: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure to 370 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade strengthening phases of Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and the like from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby finishing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the formed Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is subjected to water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the obtained Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 468MPa, the tensile strength is 879MPa, the elongation is 50%, the impact value (20 ℃) is 204J, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with that of the common high manganese steel frog.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention provides an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 1.0, Mn: 16. si: 0.96, Cr: 1.5, Mo: 0.75, V: 0.54, Nb: 0.23, N: 0.002, P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing process of an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: smelting molten steel:
adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace for smelting, adding Mo iron in an oxidation period, adding Mn iron, Cr iron, V iron and Nb iron in a reduction period, and regulating and controlling the content of each chemical component;
step 2: regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten steel after the front components of the molten steel furnace are qualified, and casting to obtain a formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and step 3: preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 4, step 4: carrying out water toughening treatment on the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog to obtain an austenitic structure alloyed high manganese steel frog;
and 5: and carrying out aging treatment on the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog with the austenite structure to finish the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the step 2, the tapping temperature of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 1610 ℃, and the casting temperature is 1550 ℃.
Wherein, step 3 includes: and (3) putting the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog into a heating furnace with the furnace temperature not higher than 400 ℃, heating to 650 ℃ at the heating rate of 50 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours.
Wherein, step 4 includes: step 4.1: heating the heating furnace to 1050 ℃, heating the preheated cast alloying high manganese steel frog and preserving heat; wherein the heating rate is 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 3 h. Step 4.2: taking the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog out of the heating furnace, and completely immersing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog in water for shaking and cooling to obtain an austenitic alloyed high manganese steel frog; the water temperature of the high manganese steel frog before entering water is less than or equal to 35 ℃; the water temperature after entering the water is less than or equal to 50 ℃.
Wherein, step 5 includes:
and heating the alloyed high manganese steel frog with an austenitic structure to 400 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and other strengthening phases from the alloyed high manganese steel frog, thereby finishing the manufacturing of the alloyed high manganese steel frog.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the formed Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is subjected to water toughening treatment and aging treatment, the yield strength of the obtained Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel frog is 472MPa, the tensile strength is 871MPa, the elongation is 48%, the impact value (20 ℃) is 202J, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with that of the common high manganese steel frog.
Example 8
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel of the embodiment of the invention consists of the following elements in percentage by mass,
c: 0.75 percent; mn: 11.0 percent; si: 0.3 percent; cr: 0.2 percent; mo: 0.2 percent; v: 0.15 percent; nb: 0.04 percent; n: 0.001 percent; p: 0.02 percent; s: 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe; the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is precipitated with nanometer to submicron Nb (C, N) strengthening phases and V (C, N) strengthening phases.
The preparation method of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the element proportion to obtain the formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
carrying out water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure;
and carrying out aging treatment on the alloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and finishing the preparation.
The preheating treatment of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel specifically comprises the following steps: placing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel in a temperature environment of 400 ℃, raising the temperature to 600 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 60 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and preserving heat for 1.5 hours to obtain the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment;
the step of performing water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1030 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 150 ℃ per hour, and preserving the heat for 1.5 h; water cooling to obtain the austenitic alloyed high manganese steel; wherein the water temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after heat preservation is 35 ℃ before entering water and is 50 ℃ after entering water;
the aging treatment is carried out on the alloyed high manganese steel with austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and heating the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure to 300 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5h to separate nano-to submicron-grade strengthening phases of Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and the like from the alloyed high manganese steel, thereby obtaining the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel.
Example 9
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel of the embodiment of the invention consists of the following elements in percentage by mass,
c: 1.00 percent; mn: 13.0 percent; si: 0.5 percent; cr: 1.0 percent; mo: 0.5 percent; v: 0.35 percent; nb: 0.15 percent; n: 0.002%; p: 0.05 percent; s: 0.03 percent; the balance of Fe; the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is precipitated with nano to submicron Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and other strengthening phases.
The preparation method of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the element proportion to obtain the formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
carrying out water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure;
and carrying out aging treatment on the alloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and finishing the preparation.
The preheating treatment of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel specifically comprises the following steps: placing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel in a temperature environment of 350 ℃, raising the temperature to 630 ℃ at a heating rate of 50 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 2.0 hours to obtain the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment;
the step of performing water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1080 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 120 ℃ per hour, and preserving the heat for 2 hours; water cooling to obtain the austenitic alloyed high manganese steel; wherein the water temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after heat preservation is 30 ℃ before entering water and 45 ℃ after entering water;
the aging treatment is carried out on the alloyed high manganese steel with austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: heating the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenite structure to 400 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade strengthening phases of Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and the like from the alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel.
Example 10
The Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel of the embodiment of the invention consists of the following elements in percentage by mass,
c: 1.25 percent; mn: 16.0 percent; si: 1 percent; cr: 1.5 percent; mo: 0.8 percent; v: 0.55 percent; nb: 0.25 percent; n: 0.0015 percent; p: 0.035%; s: 0.025 percent; the balance of Fe; the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel is precipitated with nanometer to submicron Nb (C, N) strengthening phases and V (C, N) strengthening phases.
The preparation method of the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the element proportion to obtain the formed cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
preheating the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel;
carrying out water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure;
and carrying out aging treatment on the alloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and finishing the preparation.
The preheating treatment of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel to obtain the preheated cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel specifically comprises the following steps: placing the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel in a temperature environment of 380 ℃, raising the temperature to 650 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 55 ℃ per hour, carrying out preheating treatment, and keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours to obtain the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment;
the step of performing water toughening treatment on the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after preheating treatment to obtain the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after the preheating treatment to 1100 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 135 ℃ per hour, and preserving the heat for 3 hours; water cooling to obtain the austenitic alloyed high manganese steel; wherein the water temperature of the cast Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel after heat preservation is 33 ℃ before entering water and 48 ℃ after entering water;
the aging treatment is carried out on the alloyed high manganese steel with austenitic structure to obtain the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: heating the alloyed high manganese steel with an austenite structure to 450 ℃, and preserving heat for 3.5 hours to separate nano-to submicron-grade Nb (C, N) and V (C, N) strengthening phases out of the alloyed high manganese steel, thereby obtaining the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention discloses an Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and a manufacturing process thereof, and the chemical composition (wt%) is as follows: c: 0.75 to 1.25, Mn: 11.0 to 16.0, Si: 0.3-1, Cr: 0.2 to 1.5, Mo: 0.2-0.8, V: 0.15 to 0.55, Nb: 0.04-0.25, N: 0.002 ≦ P: 0.05 ≦ S: ≦ 0.03, and the remainder Fe. The grain size of the alloyed high manganese steel prepared by the invention is 1-2 grade finer than that of the common high manganese steel frog, and a large amount of fine and dispersed hard particles of Nb (C, N), V (C, N) and the like are precipitated in the grains, so that the strength and toughness of the high manganese steel frog are improved. Illustratively, with the further improvement of the railway transportation volume and speed, higher requirements are put on the service life of the frog, the initial hardness and yield strength of the frog are required to be further improved to improve the wear resistance of the frog, so that the service life of the frog is prolonged, and the Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel provided by the invention can be used for prolonging the service life of the frog.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
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