CN114172118A - Residual current protection devices, electrical connection equipment and electrical appliances - Google Patents
Residual current protection devices, electrical connection equipment and electrical appliances Download PDFInfo
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- CN114172118A CN114172118A CN202111558732.9A CN202111558732A CN114172118A CN 114172118 A CN114172118 A CN 114172118A CN 202111558732 A CN202111558732 A CN 202111558732A CN 114172118 A CN114172118 A CN 114172118A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/06—Arrangements for supplying operative power
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Abstract
The invention provides an earth leakage protection device, comprising: the switch module controls the electric connection between the input end and the output end; the leakage current detection module is used for detecting a leakage current signal on a power supply circuit so as to generate a leakage fault signal; trip drive module, respond to the electric leakage fault signal, drive switch module disconnection electric power and connect, include: a first coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and a first semiconductor element for generating electromagnetic force by the first coil under the action of the leakage fault signal; the coil detection module is used for generating a coil fault signal when detecting that the first coil has a fault; the self-checking module is used for generating a self-checking fault signal when detecting that the electric leakage detection module and/or the first semiconductor element have faults; and the detection driving module responds to the coil fault signal or the self-checking fault signal and drives the switch module to disconnect the power connection. The scheme disconnects the power connection when the main circuit trip coil or the semiconductor element fails, and improves the safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electricity, and particularly relates to an electric leakage protection device with a self-checking function, electric connection equipment and an electric appliance.
Background
Currently, more and more household or industrial appliances are employed in various fields. In order to ensure the safety of electricity consumption, people usually install a leakage protector at the output end of a power grid or at the input end of some household appliances, and a word of 'testing before use' is marked at a striking position to urge a user to test whether the function of the leakage protector is normal or not. However, in use, even if people perform operation of a pre-use test on the earth leakage protector due to different use environments, installation and other factors, the earth leakage protector still has the possibility of losing earth leakage protection in the use process, so that dangerous situations occur.
For the above reasons, an earth leakage protection device having both the earth leakage detection function and the self-detection function has been currently designed. However, most current earth leakage protection devices with self-checking function only can give an audible and visual alarm when a trip coil or a semiconductor element (such as a thyristor) of a main circuit fails. Under the condition that a user cannot find and stop using the leakage protector at the first time, certain potential safety hazards still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an earth leakage protection device capable of disconnecting power when a trip coil or a semiconductor element of a main circuit fails without a user performing an operation of stopping use, thereby increasing convenience of use and further improving safety.
A first aspect of the present invention provides an earth leakage protection device, comprising: a switching module coupled between an input and an output of a power supply line and configured to control a power connection between the input and the output; the leakage current detection module is configured to detect a leakage current signal on the power supply line so as to generate a leakage fault signal; a trip driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the electrical leakage fault signal, the trip driving module comprising: a first coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and a first semiconductor element coupled in series to the first coil, which causes the first coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the leakage fault signal; a coil detection module configured to generate a coil fault signal upon detecting a fault in the first coil; a self-test module configured to generate a self-test fault signal when detecting that the leakage detecting module and/or the first semiconductor element is faulty; and a detection driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the coil fault signal and/or the self-test fault signal.
In one embodiment, the detection driving module includes: a second coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and a second semiconductor element coupled in series to the second coil, which causes the second coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the coil fault signal or the self-test fault signal.
In one embodiment, the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element are selected from one of the following: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
In one embodiment, the coil detection module comprises: a third semiconductor element, a control electrode of which is coupled to the first coil, and a first electrode of which is coupled to the detection driving module; and a first resistance having one end coupled to the input end of the power supply line and the other end coupled to the first pole of the third semiconductor element, wherein the coil detection module generates the coil failure signal via the first resistance when the first coil fails.
In one embodiment, the first semiconductor element and the third semiconductor element are selected from one of the following: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
In one embodiment, the self-test module comprises: an analog leakage current trigger module coupled to the first semiconductor element and configured to generate an analog leakage trigger signal, the first semiconductor element turning off the analog leakage trigger signal under the action of the leakage fault signal; an analog leakage current generation module configured to generate an analog leakage current signal via triggering by the analog leakage current trigger module; a fault signal generation module coupled to the analog leakage current trigger module and configured to generate the self-test fault signal when the leakage current detection module and/or the first semiconductor element fails.
In one embodiment, the analog leakage current trigger module includes: a trigger tube which generates the analog leakage trigger signal when conducting; and a second resistor and a first capacitor connected in series and coupled to the trigger tube, the second resistor and the first capacitor controlling the conduction of the trigger tube, wherein the first semiconductor element is conducted under the control of the leakage fault signal, and the charge on the first capacitor is discharged through the first semiconductor element, thereby closing the analog leakage trigger signal.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an earth leakage protection device comprising: a switching module coupled between an input and an output of a power supply line and configured to control a power connection between the input and the output; the leakage current detection module is configured to detect a leakage current signal on the power supply line so as to generate a leakage fault signal; a trip driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the electrical leakage fault signal, the trip driving module comprising: a first coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and a first semiconductor element coupled in series to the first coil, which causes the first coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the leakage fault signal; a self-test module configured to generate a self-test fault signal upon detecting a fault in the leakage detection module, the first coil, and/or the first semiconductor element; and a detection driving module configured to drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection in response to the self-test fault signal.
In one embodiment, the detection driving module includes: a second coil for generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and a second semiconductor element coupled in series to the second coil, which causes the second coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the effect of the self-test fault signal.
In one embodiment, the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element are selected from one of the following: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
In one embodiment, the self-test module comprises: an analog leakage current trigger module coupled to the first coil and the first semiconductor element and configured to generate an analog leakage trigger signal, the first coil and the first semiconductor element turning off the analog leakage trigger signal under the action of the leakage fault signal; an analog leakage current generation module configured to generate an analog leakage current signal via triggering by the analog leakage current trigger module; a fault signal generation module coupled to the analog leakage current trigger module and configured to generate the self-test fault signal when the leakage detection module, the first coil and/or the first semiconductor element fails.
In one embodiment, the analog leakage current trigger module includes: a trigger tube which generates the analog leakage trigger signal when conducting; and a second resistor and a first capacitor connected in series and coupled to the trigger tube, the second resistor and the first capacitor controlling conduction of the trigger tube, wherein the first semiconductor element is conducted under control of the leakage fault signal, and charge on the first capacitor is discharged through a series path of the first coil and the first semiconductor element, thereby turning off the analog leakage trigger signal.
A third aspect of the present invention provides an electrical connection apparatus comprising: a housing; and an earth leakage protection device according to any of the embodiments of the first and second aspects, said earth leakage protection device being housed in said housing.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electrical appliance, including: a load device; and an electrical connection device coupled between a power supply line and the load device for supplying power to the load device, wherein the electrical connection device comprises the earth leakage protection device according to any one of the embodiments of the first and second aspects.
The leakage protector of the invention can break the power connection when the trip coil or the semiconductor element of the main circuit fails, and does not need the user to perform the operation of stopping use, thereby increasing the convenience of use and further improving the safety.
Drawings
Embodiments are shown and described with reference to the drawings. These drawings are provided to illustrate the basic principles and thus only show the aspects necessary for understanding the basic principles. The figures are not to scale. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate similar features. In addition, lines drawn between each block in the architecture diagram indicate electrical or magnetic coupling between the two blocks, and the absence of a line from a block does not indicate a lack of coupling between the two blocks.
Fig. 1 shows an architecture diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows an architecture diagram of another earth leakage protection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The illustrated embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments according to the invention. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Before describing embodiments of the present invention, some terms referred to in the present invention are first explained to better understand the present invention. In the present invention, a transistor may refer to a transistor of any structure, such as a Field Effect Transistor (FET), a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), or a controllable silicon. When the transistor is a field effect transistor, the control electrode of the transistor refers to a grid electrode of the field effect transistor, the first electrode can be a drain electrode or a source electrode of the field effect transistor, and the corresponding second electrode can be a source electrode or a drain electrode of the field effect transistor; when the transistor is a bipolar transistor, the control electrode of the transistor refers to the base electrode of the bipolar transistor, the first electrode can be the collector electrode or the emitter electrode of the bipolar transistor, and the corresponding second electrode can be the emitter electrode or the collector electrode of the bipolar transistor; when the transistor is a thyristor, the control electrode of the transistor is the control electrode G of the thyristor, the first electrode is an anode, and the second electrode is a cathode. The simulated leakage current signal is a periodic signal generated by the self-test module and has a short duration, so that although the leakage current detection module can detect the simulated leakage current signal, the leakage current protection device is not required to be disconnected from the power connection.
The present invention is directed to an earth leakage protection device capable of disconnecting power when a trip coil or a semiconductor element of a main circuit fails without a user performing an operation of stopping use, thereby increasing convenience of use and further improving safety.
Fig. 1 shows an architecture diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the earth leakage protection device 100 includes a switch module 1, a leakage current detection module 2, a trip driving module 3, a coil detection module 4, a self-detection module 5, and a detection driving module 6. The switch module 1 is coupled between the input and the output of the power supply line for controlling the electrical connection between the input and the output. The leakage current detection module 2 is coupled between the input end and the output end, and is used for detecting a leakage current signal on a power supply line and generating a leakage fault signal when the leakage current signal is detected. The trip driving module 3 drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the electric power connection between the input terminal and the output terminal in response to the leakage fault signal. The trip driving module 3 includes a first coil and a first semiconductor element. The first semiconductor element is coupled in series to the first coil, which is turned on by the leakage fault signal, causing a current to flow in the first coil, thereby generating an electromagnetic force that drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the power connection. The coil detection module 4 is configured to detect whether the first coil is faulty, and generate a coil fault signal when the first coil is detected to be faulty. The self-test module 5 is coupled to the leakage current detection module 2 and the first semiconductor device, and periodically generates an analog leakage current signal for detecting whether the leakage current detection module 2 and the first semiconductor device are malfunctioning. When one or both of the leakage current detection module 2 and the first semiconductor element fail, the self-test module 5 generates a self-test failure signal. The detection driving module 6 responds to the coil fault signal and/or the self-detection fault signal, and drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end.
In the above embodiment, the coil detection module 4 detects whether the first coil (i.e., the trip coil of the main circuit) of the trip driving module 3 fails, and generates a coil failure signal when the failure occurs; meanwhile, whether the first semiconductor element of the trip driving module 3 breaks down or not is detected through the self-checking module 5, and a self-checking fault signal is generated when the first semiconductor element breaks down. Under the action of the coil fault signal and/or the self-checking fault signal, the switch module 1 is disconnected from the power connection, thus avoiding potential safety risks.
Fig. 2 shows an architecture diagram of another earth leakage protection device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the earth leakage protection device 200 includes a switch module 1, a leakage current detection module 2, a trip driving module 3, a self-test module 5, and a detection driving module 6. The switch module 1 is coupled between the input and the output of the power supply line for controlling the electrical connection between the input and the output. The leakage current detection module 2 is coupled between the input end and the output end, and is used for detecting a leakage current signal on a power supply line and generating a leakage fault signal when the leakage current signal is detected. The trip driving module 3 drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the electric power connection between the input terminal and the output terminal in response to the leakage fault signal. The trip driving module 3 includes a first coil and a first semiconductor element. The first semiconductor element is coupled in series to the first coil, which is turned on by the leakage fault signal, causing a current to flow in the first coil, thereby generating an electromagnetic force that drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the power connection. The self-test module 5 is coupled to the leakage current detection module 2, the first coil and the first semiconductor element, and periodically generates an analog leakage current signal for detecting whether the leakage current detection module 2, the first coil and the first semiconductor element are failed. When any one or more of the leakage current detection module 2, the first coil and the first semiconductor element fails, the self-test module 5 generates a self-test failure signal. The detection driving module 6 responds to the self-checking fault signal, and drives the switch module 1 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end.
In the above embodiment, the self-test module 5 detects whether the first coil (i.e., the trip coil of the main circuit) and the first semiconductor element of the trip driving module 3 are failed, and generates a self-test fault signal when the failure occurs, so that the driving switch module 1 is disconnected from the power connection, thereby avoiding a potential safety risk.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
The earth leakage protection device 300 is coupled between the input terminal LINE and the LOAD device LOAD, and includes a switch module 1, a leakage current detection module 2, a trip driving module 3, a coil detection module 4, a self-checking module 5, and a detection driving module 6. The switch module 1 is used for controlling the on-off of the power connection of a power supply line. The leakage current detection module 2 includes a leakage detection coil CT1 through which a power supply line passes and a processor U1. The trip driving module 3 includes a diode D1, a solenoid SOL1 (first coil), and a transistor Q1 (first semiconductor element) coupled in series.
When the leakage protection device 300 performs leakage detection, the switch of the switch module 1 is closed. The leakage detection loop CT1 also does not produce a current imbalance when the phase (HOT) and neutral (WHITE) currents are balanced. When the phase line and the neutral line have current imbalance, that is, there is a leakage current signal, a corresponding induced voltage will be generated on the leakage detection coil CT 1. The leakage detection coil CT1 is coupled to pins 1, 3 and 7 of the processor U1, and pin 5 of U1 outputs a high level (i.e., a leakage fault signal) when the voltage output by the leakage detection coil CT1 is greater than a threshold value, and otherwise outputs a low level. The high level at pin 5 of U1 is provided to the gate of transistor Q1, triggering transistor Q1 to turn on, causing a current change in solenoid SOL1, thereby creating an electromagnetic force that drives the switch module 1 to disconnect power from the power supply line.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the coil detection module 4 includes a transistor Q3 (third semiconductor element), a resistor R6 (first resistor), and a diode D4. The detection drive module 6 includes a transistor Q2 and a solenoid SOL2 coupled in series. Resistor R6 has one end coupled to the phase line and the other end coupled to the collector of transistor Q3 and is commonly coupled to the gate of transistor Q2 via diode D4. The control electrode of transistor Q3 is coupled to solenoid SOL1 via a current limiting resistor R9.
The self-test module 5 includes an analog leakage current trigger module 51, an analog leakage current generation module 52, and a fault signal generation module 53. The analog leakage current trigger module 51 includes a trigger tube ZD1 and a resistor R3 (second resistor) and a capacitor C1 (first capacitor) connected in series. The trigger tube ZD1 generates an analogue leakage trigger signal when conducting. The trigger tube can be any electronic element with a voltage threshold as a trigger condition. A node a between the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1 is coupled to the trigger ZD1 and to a node B between the solenoid SOL1 and the transistor Q1 via a diode D3. The analog leakage current generating module 52 includes a resistor R2 coupled to the trigger tube ZD 1. The fault signal generation block 53 includes a resistor R4 and a capacitor C9 connected in series, with a node C between them coupled to the control electrode of a transistor Q2. The neutral line charges a capacitor C1 through a diode D5 and a resistor R3. When the voltage of the upper plate of the capacitor C1 (the voltage at the node a) rises to the trigger voltage of the trigger tube ZD1, the trigger tube ZD1 is turned on, so that a current flows through the leakage detection coil CT1 through the resistor R2, and an analog leakage current signal is generated. It can be understood that the simulated leakage current signal is the current actively generated by the self-test module 2, and is used for simulating the leakage current signal generated when the power supply line fails. At the same time, current flows through resistor R4 to charge capacitor C9.
Under normal conditions, the processor U1 detects the analog leakage current signal, the pin 5 outputs a high level, the trigger transistor Q1 is turned on, thereby providing a discharge path for the charge on the capacitor C1, and further turning off the analog leakage current trigger signal, i.e. the potential of the upper plate of the capacitor C1 is lower than the trigger voltage of the trigger transistor ZD1, and the trigger transistor ZD1 is turned off. Accordingly, the analog leakage current signal is no longer generated across resistor R2. At this point, the phase line is in the other half cycle, and therefore solenoid SOL1 is not energized. In addition, since the conduction time of the trigger transistor ZD1 is short, the lower plate potential of the capacitor C9 is not enough to trigger the transistor Q2 to conduct, so the solenoid SOL2 is not energized.
When the leakage detecting module 2 fails, the processor U1 cannot detect the analog leakage signal, the pin 5 thereof does not output a high level, and the transistor Q1 cannot be triggered to turn on, so that the transistor Q1 is in an off state. Alternatively, when the transistor Q1 fails, the transistor Q1 does not turn on even if the pin 5 of the processor U1 outputs a high level. In both cases, transistor Q1 cannot provide a bleed path for the charge on capacitor C1, and thus cannot turn off the analog leakage trigger signal. At this time, the trigger ZD1 is continuously in the on state, and thus the analog leakage current signal also continuously flows. As the capacitor C9 continues to charge, its bottom plate potential continues to rise. When this potential is sufficient to trigger the transistor Q2 to conduct, a current change is generated in the solenoid SOL2, thus generating an electromagnetic force that drives the switch module 1 to disconnect power.
Meanwhile, when both the solenoid SOL1 and the diode D1 are in the normal state, a current flows through the diode D1, the solenoid SOL1, and the current limiting resistor R9, and the transistor Q3 is turned on. At this time, the collector voltage of transistor Q3 is insufficient to turn on transistor Q2 through diode D4, and therefore solenoid SOL2 is not energized. When solenoid SOL1 or diode D1 fails, current cannot flow through diode D1 and solenoid SOL1, and therefore transistor Q3 cannot be triggered and transistor Q3 is in the off state. At this time, current flows through resistor R6 and triggers transistor Q2 to conduct through diode D4. A current change occurs in solenoid SOL2, thereby generating an electromagnetic force that drives switch module 1 to disconnect power.
It should be noted that the failure of the leakage current detection module 1 includes, but is not limited to, the following cases: an open circuit or a short circuit occurs in the electronic components (for example, the leakage detection coil CT1, the resistor R1, and the like) in the leakage detection module 1, or the processor U1 is damaged. Failure of solenoid SOL1, transistor Q1, diode D1 includes, but is not limited to, damage, open or short circuit of solenoid SOL1, transistor Q1, diode D1 itself.
Therefore, when any one or more of the leakage detecting module 2, the transistor Q1 and the solenoid SOL1 fails, the transistor Q2 is triggered to conduct, so that current change is generated in the solenoid SOL2 to drive the switch module 1 to disconnect the power.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
In the embodiment of fig. 4, the main difference from fig. 3 is that the transistor Q2 of the detection drive module 6 is connected to the lower end of the solenoid SOL 2. The components and operation of the earth leakage protection device 400 are the same as those of the earth leakage protection device 300 of fig. 3, and are not described herein again.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
In the embodiment of fig. 5, the earth leakage protection device 500 includes a switch module 1, a leakage current detection module 2, a trip driving module 3, a self-checking module 5, and a detection driving module 6. As in fig. 4, the switch module 1 is used to control the power connection of the power supply line. The leakage current detection module 2 includes a leakage detection coil CT1 through which a power supply line passes and a processor U1. The trip driving module 3 includes a diode D1, a solenoid SOL1 (first coil), and a transistor Q1 (first semiconductor element) coupled in series.
The principle of the leakage detection performed by the leakage protection device 500 is the same as that of the leakage protection device 300 in fig. 3, and will not be described herein again. The self-test module 5 includes an analog leakage current trigger module 51, an analog leakage current generation module 52, and a fault signal generation module 53. The analog leakage current trigger module 51 includes a trigger tube ZD1 and a resistor R3 (second resistor) and a capacitor C1 (first capacitor) connected in series. Node a between resistor R3 and capacitor C1 is coupled to trigger ZD1 and is coupled to node D between diode D1 and solenoid SOL1 via diode D3. The analog leakage current generating module 52 includes a resistor R2 coupled to the trigger tube ZD 1. The fault signal generation block 53 includes a resistor R4 and a capacitor C9 connected in series, with a node C between them coupled to the control electrode of a transistor Q2. The neutral line charges a capacitor C1 through a diode D5 and a resistor R3. When the voltage of the upper plate of the capacitor C1 (the voltage at the node a) rises to the trigger voltage of the trigger tube ZD1, the trigger tube ZD1 is turned on, so that a current flows through the leakage detection coil CT1 through the resistor R2, and an analog leakage current signal is generated. At the same time, current flows through resistor R4 to charge capacitor C9.
Under normal conditions, the processor U1 detects the analog leakage current signal, the pin 5 outputs high level, the trigger transistor Q1 is turned on, the charge on the capacitor C1 is discharged through the series path of the solenoid SOL1 and the transistor Q1, and the analog leakage trigger signal is turned off, that is, the plate potential on the capacitor C1 is lower than the trigger voltage of the trigger tube ZD1, and the trigger tube ZD1 is turned off. Accordingly, the analog leakage current signal is no longer generated across resistor R2. At this point, the phase line is in the other half cycle, and therefore solenoid SOL1 is not energized. In addition, since the conduction time of the trigger transistor ZD1 is short, the lower plate potential of the capacitor C9 is not enough to trigger the transistor Q2 to conduct, so the solenoid SOL2 is not energized.
When the leakage detecting module 2 fails, the processor U1 cannot detect the analog leakage signal, the pin 5 thereof does not output a high level, and the transistor Q1 cannot be triggered to turn on, so that the transistor Q1 is in an off state. Alternatively, when the transistor Q1 fails, the transistor Q1 does not turn on even if the pin 5 of the processor U1 outputs a high level. Alternatively, when solenoid SOL1 fails, the charge on capacitor C1 cannot be discharged even though transistor Q1 is on. In these cases, the diode D3-solenoid SOL 1-transistor Q1 series circuit cannot provide a bleed path for the charge on capacitor C1, and the analog leakage trigger signal cannot be turned off. At this time, the trigger ZD1 is continuously in the on state, and thus the analog leakage current signal also continuously flows. As the capacitor C9 continues to charge, its bottom plate potential continues to rise. When this potential is sufficient to trigger the transistor Q2 to conduct, a current change occurs in the solenoid SOL2, driving the switch module 1 to disconnect power.
It should also be noted that the failure of the leakage current detection module 1 includes, but is not limited to, the following: an open circuit or a short circuit occurs in the electronic components (for example, the leakage detection coil CT1, the resistor R1, and the like) in the leakage detection module 1, or the processor U1 is damaged. Failure of solenoid SOL1 and transistor Q1 includes, but is not limited to, damage to solenoid SOL1 and transistor Q1 themselves, the occurrence of an open circuit or short circuit, etc.
Therefore, when any one or more of the leakage detecting module 2, the transistor Q1 and the solenoid SOL1 fails, the transistor Q2 is triggered to conduct, so that current change is generated in the solenoid SOL2 to drive the switch module 1 to disconnect the power.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an earth leakage protection device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
In the embodiment of fig. 6, the main difference from fig. 5 is that the transistor Q2 of the detection driving module 6 is connected to the upper end of the solenoid SOL 2. The components and operation of the earth leakage protection device 600 are the same as the earth leakage protection device 500 of fig. 5, and are not described herein again.
In the above-described embodiment, the earth leakage protection device is capable of disconnecting power when the trip coil or the semiconductor element of the main circuit fails without the user performing an operation to stop use, thereby increasing convenience of use and further improving safety.
Although the transistor is exemplified in the above embodiments, it is understood that the transistor may be any other type of semiconductor element, such as any switching element having a voltage threshold as a trigger, for example, a photocoupler.
The invention also proposes an electrical connection device comprising: a housing; and an earth leakage protection device according to any of the above embodiments, the earth leakage protection device being housed in the housing.
The invention also proposes an electrical appliance comprising: a load device; an electrical connection device coupled between the power supply line and the load device for supplying power to the load device, the electrical connection device comprising an earth leakage protection device according to any of the embodiments described above.
Thus, while the present invention has been described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting of the invention, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that changes, additions or deletions may be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. An earth leakage protection device comprising:
a switching module coupled between an input and an output of a power supply line and configured to control a power connection between the input and the output;
the leakage current detection module is configured to detect a leakage current signal on the power supply line so as to generate a leakage fault signal;
a trip driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the electrical leakage fault signal, the trip driving module comprising:
a first coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and
a first semiconductor element coupled in series to the first coil, which causes the first coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the leakage fault signal;
a coil detection module configured to generate a coil fault signal upon detecting a fault in the first coil;
a self-test module configured to generate a self-test fault signal when detecting that the leakage detecting module and/or the first semiconductor element is faulty; and
a detection drive module configured to drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection in response to the coil fault signal and/or the self-test fault signal.
2. The earth leakage protection device of claim 1, wherein the detection driver module comprises:
a second coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and
a second semiconductor element coupled in series to the second coil that causes the second coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the coil fault signal or the self-test fault signal.
3. The residual current device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element are selected from one of: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
4. The earth leakage protection device of claim 1, wherein the coil detection module comprises:
a third semiconductor element, a control electrode of which is coupled to the first coil, and a first electrode of which is coupled to the detection driving module; and
a first resistor having one end coupled to the input terminal of the power supply line and the other end coupled to the first pole of the third semiconductor element, wherein,
the coil detection module generates the coil fault signal via the first resistance when the first coil fails.
5. The residual current device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first semiconductor element and the third semiconductor element are selected from one of: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
6. The earth leakage protection device of claim 1, wherein the self-test module comprises:
an analog leakage current trigger module coupled to the first semiconductor element and configured to generate an analog leakage trigger signal, the first semiconductor element turning off the analog leakage trigger signal under the action of the leakage fault signal;
an analog leakage current generation module configured to generate an analog leakage current signal via triggering by the analog leakage current trigger module;
a fault signal generation module coupled to the analog leakage current trigger module and configured to generate the self-test fault signal when the leakage current detection module and/or the first semiconductor element fails.
7. The earth leakage protection device of claim 6 wherein the analog leakage current trigger module comprises:
a trigger tube which generates the analog leakage trigger signal when conducting; and
a second resistor and a first capacitor connected in series and coupled to the trigger tube, the second resistor and the first capacitor controlling conduction of the trigger tube, wherein,
the first semiconductor element is conducted under the control of the leakage fault signal, and the charge on the first capacitor is discharged through the first semiconductor element, so that the analog leakage trigger signal is turned off.
8. An earth leakage protection device comprising:
a switching module coupled between an input and an output of a power supply line and configured to control a power connection between the input and the output;
the leakage current detection module is configured to detect a leakage current signal on the power supply line so as to generate a leakage fault signal;
a trip driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the electrical leakage fault signal, the trip driving module comprising:
a first coil generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and
a first semiconductor element coupled in series to the first coil, which causes the first coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the action of the leakage fault signal;
a self-test module configured to generate a self-test fault signal upon detecting a fault in the leakage detection module, the first coil, and/or the first semiconductor element; and
a detection driving module configured to drive the switching module to disconnect the power connection in response to the self-test fault signal.
9. The earth leakage protection device of claim 8, wherein the detection driver module comprises:
a second coil for generating an electromagnetic force for driving the switching module; and
a second semiconductor element coupled in series to the second coil that causes the second coil to generate the electromagnetic force under the effect of the self-test fault signal.
10. The residual current device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element are selected from one of: silicon controlled, bipolar transistor, field effect transistor and photoelectric coupling element.
11. The earth leakage protection device of claim 8, wherein the self-test module comprises:
an analog leakage current trigger module coupled to the first coil and the first semiconductor element and configured to generate an analog leakage trigger signal, the first coil and the first semiconductor element turning off the analog leakage trigger signal under the action of the leakage fault signal;
an analog leakage current generation module configured to generate an analog leakage current signal via triggering by the analog leakage current trigger module;
a fault signal generation module coupled to the analog leakage current trigger module and configured to generate the self-test fault signal when the leakage detection module, the first coil and/or the first semiconductor element fails.
12. The earth leakage protection device of claim 11, wherein the analog leakage current triggering module comprises:
a trigger tube which generates the analog leakage trigger signal when conducting; and
a second resistor and a first capacitor connected in series and coupled to the trigger tube, the second resistor and the first capacitor controlling conduction of the trigger tube, wherein,
the first semiconductor element is conducted under the control of the leakage fault signal, and the charge on the first capacitor is discharged through a series path of the first coil and the first semiconductor element, so that the analog leakage trigger signal is turned off.
13. An electrical connection apparatus comprising:
a housing; and
the earth leakage protection device according to any of claims 1-12, said earth leakage protection device being accommodated in said housing.
14. An electrical consumer, comprising:
a load device;
an electrical connection device coupled between a power supply line and the load device for supplying power to the load device, wherein the electrical connection device comprises a residual current device according to any one of claims 1-12.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111558732.9A CN114172118A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Residual current protection devices, electrical connection equipment and electrical appliances |
| US17/558,357 US11658475B1 (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-21 | Leakage current detection and interruption device, electrical connector and electrical appliance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111558732.9A CN114172118A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Residual current protection devices, electrical connection equipment and electrical appliances |
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| CN114172118A true CN114172118A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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